JPH0785138B2 - Light transmission amount adjustment device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention is for vehicles such as automobiles and trains, and offices, restaurants,
The present invention relates to a light transmission amount adjusting device that can be used for buildings such as general houses. In an automobile, it is possible to equip a rear window of a passenger car, a rear window and a side window of a wagon vehicle, and the like so that it can be operated manually or by remote control.

[Conventional technology]

Although there are curtains, blinds (including electric type) as means for blocking the sunlight coming in from the rear window and side windows of an automobile, the applicant of the present invention has the disadvantage of these things, that is, it takes time to open and close, operating time. Japanese Patent Application No. Sho 59-222440 is a device for adjusting the amount of light transmission that can solve the problems of requiring a long time, a large operating noise, and obstructing the field of view when closed.
It is proposed in the issue.

This is done by stacking two plates in which two types of strip-shaped polarizing films having different polarization directions are alternately arranged in a row at regular intervals, and at least one of the plates is movable, and the light transmittance is increased as the movable plate moves. There has been proposed a light transmission amount adjusting device for controlling the.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, in the above-described light transmission amount adjusting device, when the two plates come into contact with each other, the polarizing film is scratched and the light blocking property is deteriorated while the movable plate repeatedly moves, or the sliding property is deteriorated due to the contact. In addition, there is a problem that interference fringes due to light interference are visible. In particular, when the area of the plate is large or when the plate is inclined and attached, this is the case where the plate is attached along the inclination of the rear window of the vehicle. In such a case, two plates are attached. However, the above-mentioned problems become remarkable because the central part easily contacts.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems and provide a light transmission amount adjusting device having excellent durability.

[Means for solving problems]

The light transmission amount adjusting device according to the present invention has two different polarization directions.
A first and a second polarizing plate in which different kinds of band-shaped polarizing films are alternately arranged in the vertical direction at regular intervals, and are overlapped with each other with a gap therebetween; At least one of the first and second polarizing plates is moved to set the relative positional relationship between the polarizing films of the first and second polarizing plates to change the amount of light transmitted through the first and second polarizing plates. It is formed on the surface of at least one of the first and second polarizing plates so as to form an air gap between the light amount changing means and the first and second polarizing plates, and is formed in the vertical direction, and It is characterized by comprising a plurality of slidable gap forming members arranged at a distance in the left-right direction.

[Operation and effect of invention]

According to the present invention, the gap forming members having good slidability are arranged at a predetermined interval between the first and second polarizing plates, so that the two polarizing plates form an appropriate gap without contacting each other. It is kept and arranged. Therefore, even if the polarizing plate is moved, the polarizing films are prevented from sliding directly with each other, and the problem that the polarizing film is scratched is solved. Further, since the slidability of the two polarizing plates is improved, the operation can be made smooth, and thus the light transmission amount adjusting device having high reliability and durability can be provided. Further, the weight of the one polarizing plate can be reduced due to the existence of the void forming member, and further, the sliding resistance of both polarizing plates due to the void forming member can be reduced. Further, since the space forming member is formed in the vertical direction of the polarizing plate and a plurality of space forming members are arranged at a distance in the horizontal direction, it is possible to surely achieve the space forming function of the space forming member. You can

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on an embodiment equipped in a rear window of a passenger car.

FIG. 2 shows the basic structure of the light transmission amount adjusting device according to the present invention, in which 1 is a movable side polarizing plate, 2 is a fixed side polarizing plate, and two types of strip-shaped polarizing films a, b are alternately arranged in rows at a predetermined interval 1 (10 mm in this embodiment). In this case, the polarizing films a and b have different polarizability by 90 degrees. Therefore, when the polarizing films a and a and b and b of both the polarizing plates 1 and 2 are overlapped with each other, the light passes therethrough and the movable side polarizing plate 1 is moved to the l
It is difficult for light to pass when a and b are overlapped with each other and b and a are overlapped with each other. In this case, the amount of light passing can be freely set by changing the polarization rate and the transmission rate of the polarizing film. In addition, by adjusting the relative movement amount of both polarizing plates, it is possible to adjust the total light transmission amount.

3 and 4 illustrate the basic principle of adjusting the light transmission amount. In FIG. 3, it is shown that a and a and b and b of the polarizing plates 1 and 2 are overlapped with each other, and in this case, almost all light passes through. FIG. 4 shows that a and b of the polarizing plates 1 and 2 and b and a of the polarizing plates overlap each other, and in this case, the polarizing action works and the light transmission amount decreases.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention applied as a blind for a rear window for a vehicle. In the figure, 1 and 2 are the polarizing plates, 3 is a polarizing plate driving motor, 4 is an outer frame,
Reference numeral 5 denotes a column, and 20 denotes a void-shaped member. The detailed structure and driving direction will be described with reference to FIGS.

As shown in FIG. 1, a linear gap forming member 20 for forming a gap between the polarizing plates 1 and 2 is provided along the vertical direction in which the polarizing plate 2 moves, and A plurality of two are arranged at a distance in the left-right direction. For the space forming member 20, for example, a thread such as nylon or Teflon having good slidability is used. The void forming member 20 is preferably transparent.

Details will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 5 shows details of the disposition state of the space forming member 20, and is a view of the cross section of the portion A in FIG. 1 as viewed from above. In the figure, 1 is a movable side polarizing plate, 2 is a fixed side polarizing plate, and 6 and 7 are transparent plates for protecting the polarizing plate. The polarizing plates 1 and 2 are about 0.3 mm. As shown in the figure, the gap forming members 20 are arranged on both surfaces of the movable side polarizing plate 1 with a predetermined space therebetween. Therefore, a gap l ₁ corresponding to the diameter of the linear gap forming member 20 is formed between the movable side polarizing plate 1 and the transparent plate 7, and between the movable side polarizing plate 1 and the fixed side polarizing plate 2. Therefore, the movable side polarizing plate 1 can be slid satisfactorily without contacting the transparent plate 7 and the fixed side polarizing plate 2. In this case, the sliding resistance is extremely low. Therefore, the problem that the movable side polarizing plate 1 is scratched due to contact with other members and further has a large sliding resistance can be solved at once.

Next, the outer peripheral portion B of the blind will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 is an enlarged partial sectional view of portion B in FIG.
In the figure, 6 and 7 are transparent plates for housing and protecting the polarizing plates 1 and 2, for example, transparent acrylic plates are used. 8 is a seal cover, 9 is an outer peripheral frame, 10 is a spacer, and 20 is a void forming member. The fixed side polarizing plate 2 is fixed to the transparent plate 6 by adhesion or the like. Movable side polarizing plate 1
Is accommodated in a space formed by a spacer 10 arranged between the fixed-side polarizing plate 2 and the transparent plate 7 so as to be vertically movable. Further, by fixing one end of the linear void forming member 20 to both side surfaces of the spacer 10, the void forming member 20 is interposed between the movable polarizing plate 1, the fixed polarizing plate 2 and the transparent plate 7, respectively. The structure for improving the slidability of the movable polarizing plate 1. The seal cover 8 is made of rubber and covers the entire circumference of the polarizing plates 1 and 2 and the transparent plates 6 and 7 so as to prevent dust and dirt from entering the space from the outside. There is. The outer frame 9 is made of metal, and the seal cover 7
It is arranged so that it fits in. The outer peripheral frame 9 is tilted along the vehicle rear window and fixed in the vehicle interior.

FIG. 7 is a partial side sectional view of the drive motor section (C section in FIG. 1) of the movable side polarizing plate 1 which serves as a light quantity changing means.
3 is a motor fixed to the support column 5, 11 is a drive arm that moves in the vertical direction with the rotation of the motor 3, and 12 is fixed to the movable side polarizing plate 1 by adhesion or the like through the hole 7a of the transparent plate 7. A sliding block that
The distal end pin 11a of the drive arm 11 is slidably fitted in the guide groove 12a of 12. The vertical movement of the sliding block 12 is regulated within a predetermined range (the same distance as the width of the strip-shaped polarizing films a and b) by two stoppers 13 provided so as to project on the side surface of the column 5.

FIG. 8 is a view showing a support structure of the support column 5, and is a partial side sectional view of a D portion in FIG. The movable side polarizing plate 1, the fixed side polarizing plate 2, and the transparent plates 6 and 7 are fixed and held from both sides by two columns 5. 14 is the front and back columns 5
Which is a screw for fixing the positioning bush collar 15
The support column 5 is fixed via. The collar 15 is integrally formed of a columnar portion 15a inserted into the positioning hole of the column 5 and a plate-like spacer 15b provided between the fixed polarizing plate 2 and the transparent plate 7 and extending along the vertical direction of the column 5. Has been done.
The movable side polarizing plate 1 is formed with a sliding hole 1a along the vertical direction so as not to interfere with the spacer 15b during movement. The support 5 is fixed by a plurality of screws 14 and a collar 15.

FIG. 9 shows a state in which the blind shown in FIG. 1 is mounted. Reference numeral 30 denotes the above-mentioned blind which is mounted in the vehicle by inclining along the rear window 31, and 21 denotes an operation for switching between automatic and manual. A switch, 22 is a controller, and 23 is a photodetector. The operation switch 21 is installed near the driver's seat as shown in the figure, and can be operated remotely as needed.
Further, in this embodiment, manual and automatic operations are possible. 10th
The figure is a block diagram of the controller 22, in which 100 is an input arithmetic processing circuit that outputs a control signal in response to signals from the optical sensor 23 and the operation switch 21, 101 is a motor drive circuit that outputs an energization signal to the motor 3, and 102 is This is a position detection circuit that detects the position of the movable polarizing plate 1 by the rotation of the motor 3.

Next, the operation will be described based on the above configuration.

When the driver operates the operation switch 21 to shield light in the manual mode, the controller 22 drives the motor 3 for a predetermined rotation. Drive arm when motor 3 rotates
11 receives this and moves the sliding block 12 upward. Therefore, the movable side polarizing plate 1 slides upward and enters a light shielding state (state shown in FIG. 4), and the amount of light entering the vehicle interior from the rear of the vehicle is reduced and adjusted. In this case, the amount of movement of the movable side polarizing plate 1 is equal to that of the arranged polarizing films a and b.
Stopper 13 so that the width becomes one (10 mm in this embodiment).
It is regulated by.

Also, when the operation switch 21 is set to the auto mode, the light detector 23 detects the light from behind that causes the driver to feel dazzling due to the headlight of the following vehicle when driving at night. Then, the controller 22 drives the motor 3 to move the movable side polarizing plate 1 to block the light and exert the antiglare effect. In this case, the photodetector
23 may be set to activate when the driver turns on the headlights.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the continuous linear material is used as the space forming member 20, but only the portion where the movable side polarizing plate 1 is easily slidable with other members, for example, only the central portion, is partially formed. It may be provided. At this time, the space forming member is the movable side polarizing plate 1.
It is fixed directly to the necessary part of.

Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment, in the case of the auto mode, the control was performed based on the signal from the photodetector 23, but as other sensors, a room temperature sensor for detecting the temperature inside the vehicle, a solar radiation sensor for detecting the amount of solar radiation. Alternatively, the air conditioner may be controlled based on the air conditioner switch light to be operated, and may be controlled so as to be automatically shielded from light when the rise in the room temperature should be prevented.

[Brief description of drawings]

The attached drawings show an embodiment in which the present invention is applied as a blind to be mounted on a rear window of a passenger vehicle. FIG. 1 is a front view thereof, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a basic structure of a light transmission amount adjusting device. , FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are explanatory views of the basic adjusting action, FIG. 5 is a partial upper sectional view of the portion A in FIG. 1, and FIG. 6 is a partial side sectional view of the portion B in FIG.
FIG. 7 is a partial side sectional view of a portion C in FIG. 1, 8
1 is a partial side sectional view of a portion D in FIG. 1, FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing a mounted state of the blind (30) shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 10 is a block configuration diagram of a controller (22). . 1 …… Movable side polarizing plate, 2 …… Fixed side polarizing plate, 3 …… Drive motor, 20 …… Gap forming member.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A first polarizing plate and a second polarizing plate, wherein two types of strip-shaped polarizing films having different polarization directions are alternately and vertically arranged at regular intervals, and are overlapped with each other with a gap therebetween. At least one of the first and second polarizing plates is moved to set the relative positional relationship of the respective polarizing films of the first and second polarizing plates, and the first and second polarizing plates are set. A light amount changing means for changing the amount of light passing therethrough, and an upper and lower surface of at least one of the first and second polarizing plates so as to form an air gap between the first and second polarizing plates. A plurality of slidable air gap forming members which are formed over a plurality of directions and are arranged at a distance in the left and right directions thereof, and a light transmission amount adjusting device. 2. The light transmission amount adjusting device according to claim 1, wherein the gap forming member has a linear shape. 3. The first and second polarizing plates are provided between two transparent protective plates, and the gap forming member is provided between the movable movable-side polarizing plate and the protective plate. Claim 1 is characterized in that
Item 2. The light transmission amount adjusting device according to item 2 or item 3.