JPH0783646B2 - Combine - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a combine, and more particularly to a technique for improving work efficiency at harvest.

[Conventional technology]

Taking harvest work with a combine as an example, when performing harvest work with a conventional combine harvester, as shown in Fig. 13, it is necessary to mow the grain culms of the headland (Pm) and (Pm) in the field in advance. Then, on this headland part (Pm), (Pm), the travel route (R
m) and (Rm) are formed, and the harvesting work is carried out by running the car body in the direction shown by the arrow in the figure, and the headland parts (Pm) and (Pm)
Cut the grain culms in the field (Pa) sandwiched between them.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

However, when carrying out the harvesting work by moving the vehicle body as described above, the vehicle body travels many times along the traveling routes (Rm), (Rm), so that the headland parts (Pm), (Pm) are damaged. Not only is it lost, but the time required to travel along this travel route (Rm), (Rm) is wasted, which is a cause of lowering work efficiency.

Therefore, it is possible to perform so-called mowing, in which the vehicle body is run in a spiral shape from the edge of the field toward the center of the field. Since it appears, it is difficult to run following the stock row, so a combine that can work efficiently is desired.

Also, in the conventional combine harvester, the front and rear direction of the carcass is parallel to the uncut grain culm row during harvesting work, and the side of the carbody is adjacent to this grain culm row, so the grain culm may be damaged by contact with the carbody. In addition, the discharged straw from the rear part of the vehicle body may be discharged in the direction of the uncut grain culm and hinder the harvesting work, and there is room for improvement in this respect.

It is an object of the present invention to maintain a work pattern that follows stock rows by rational remodeling of a car body to perform harvesting with high efficiency, and moreover, it is difficult for the car body to come into contact with grain stems, and the car body This is because the straws discharged from the vines form a combine that is difficult to be discharged in the direction of the uncut grain culm.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

A feature of the present invention is that a work frame provided with a pre-mowing processing section and a threshing device, left and right traveling devices, and a traveling frame provided with a hydraulic motor that independently drives these traveling devices are provided by a rotary connection mechanism. , Provided with a pair of hydraulic pumps for the respective hydraulic motors on the work frame, which are connected so as to be able to rotate at least 180 degrees about the longitudinal axis, and the front-back direction of the work frame with respect to the straight traveling direction of the travel frame. A predetermined swing range including the posture
Also, when the work frame is swung within each of the predetermined swing regions including the posture in which the front-back direction of the work frame is opposite to the straight traveling direction of the travel frame, the pair of hydraulic pumps The hydraulic oil flow passages for the left and right hydraulic motors are switched to the left and right, and a hydraulic joint for ensuring the oil feeding cross-sectional area of this flow passage at a predetermined value is provided on the longitudinal axis and the coaxial core. , Its action and effect are as follows.

[Work]

When the above features are configured as shown in FIGS. 2, 3, and 4, for example, when performing harvesting work, the headland parts (Pm), (Pm) of the field are preliminarily set as shown in FIG. When mowing and cutting the grain culms in the field part (Pa) sandwiched between the headland parts (Pm) and (Pm), first the car body is made to travel straight along the route (Ra) and the car body is moved to the headland part (Pa). When Pm) and (Pm) are reached, the work frame (6) is turned by approximately 180 degrees and the traveling frame (12) is moved backward, so that the traveling route (R
By simply shifting b) laterally by the cutting width, the harvesting work can be restarted without having to repeatedly move the car body on the headland (Pm) as many times as before.

Further, when the work frame (6) is turned, the hydraulic pump (2) for the left and right traveling hydraulic motors (7), (7) is used.
5), The flow paths of hydraulic oil from (25) are exchanged, and the work can be performed while maintaining a constant steering control feeling with respect to the operating direction of the steering lever (24), and as shown in FIG. The harvesting work can be performed in a state where the turning posture of the work frame (6) is set so that the front part of the frame (6) faces the uncut grain side.

〔The invention's effect〕

Therefore, the traveling system and the harvesting work system are rotatably connected to each other, the flow passage of the hydraulic oil for traveling drive is interchanged between the left and right in cooperation with the revolution, and the interchanged state is maintained even within a predetermined swing range. High efficiency is maintained even when harvesting by running the car body so as to follow the stock row, and the damage to the uncut grain culm caused by contact with the car body is eliminated, and the discharged straw is not cut yet. The combine was constructed so that inconveniences such as hindering work were eliminated because the combine was released in a direction away from the grain culm row.

Particularly, in the present invention, since the hydraulic joint is arranged on the longitudinal axis, as shown in FIG. 8, the left and right of the flow passage can be exchanged by a relatively simple structure in which the hydraulic joint is configured like a rotary valve. Also has the effect of becoming.

〔Example〕

 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, a plurality of raising devices (1)
..., a cutting pretreatment unit (A) including a clipper-type mowing device (2), a conveying device (3) for sending the mowing grain culms, etc., and a feed chain (4) to which the mowing grain culms are transferred from the conveying device (3). ), A threshing device (B) including a handling cylinder (5), and the like, are provided in the work frame (6), and a hydraulic motor (7), a deceleration case (8), a drive sprocket (9), and a large number of idle wheels ( 10) A traveling device (C) including a crawler belt (11) and the like is provided on both left and right sides of the traveling frame (12), and the working frame (6) and the traveling frame (12) are vertically connected by a rotary coupling mechanism (D). A combine is constructed by connecting so as to be able to turn 180 degrees or more around the axis of orientation (Y).

As shown in FIG. 7, the work frame (6) is configured by connecting a number of front-rear frames (6a) and left-right frames (6b), and the work frame (6) is shown in FIG. As described above, the engine (13), the triple pump (P) driven by the power from the engine (13), the driver's seat (14) arranged above the engine (13), and the rear of the driver's seat (14) Each of the Glen tanks (15) is provided, and the traveling frame (12) includes a support frame (12a) formed in a rectangular shape so as to surround the rotation coupling mechanism (D), a drive sprocket (9), and an idle wheel ( 10) A plate which is composed of a track frame (12b) for supporting each of them and a leg-shaped coupling frame (12c) for coupling them, and the rotary coupling mechanism (D) is attached to the working frame (6) side. (16), ring-shaped member (17) and running frame (12) supported attached to side member (18) is constituted out with a ring gear (19),
To rotate the work frame (6), the ring gear (1
9) The pinion gear (20) that meshes with the deceleration case (2)
A swing drive mechanism composed of 1) and a hydraulic motor (22) is provided on the side of the work frame (6).

Further, a hydraulic joint (23) is arranged coaxially with the longitudinal axis (Y) of the rotary coupling mechanism (D), and the pressure oil on the side of the work frame (6) passes through this hydraulic joint (23). It is adapted to be supplied to the traveling hydraulic motors (7), (7).

That is, the hydraulic circuit provided in this combine is represented as shown in FIG. 2, and the triple pump (P) is arranged in front of the driver's seat (14) as shown in FIG. ) And two variable displacement type hydraulic pumps (25), (25) that change the discharge amount and one constant displacement pump (26), and each hydraulic pump (25), (25), 2
The hydraulic oil from 5) is paired with the pair of first flow paths (27), (2).
7) to the hydraulic joint (23), and a pair of second flow passages (28) are respectively provided between the hydraulic joint (23) and the traveling hydraulic motors (7), (7). ，
(28) is formed.

The hydraulic joint (23) is composed of a tubular body (23a) and a rotary valve body (23b), and the hydraulic joint (23) has a third position for each posture in which the working frame (6) rotates 180 degrees with respect to the traveling frame (12).
As shown in the figure, in the predetermined swing range (θ), (θ) including this swing posture, the first and second flow paths (27), (2
8) Rotating valve body (23
has a notch (23c) on the side of b) and has a function of a switching valve so that the hydraulic motor (7) supplied with hydraulic oil from the hydraulic pump (25) on a predetermined side can be switched to the left and right. It is configured such that the operating direction of the steering lever (24) and the steering direction are the same regardless of which direction the work frame (6) is set.

Further, the hydraulic oil from the constant capacity pump (26) is supplied to the first control valve (2
9) and the pair of oil passages (30) for the turning hydraulic motor (22), and the second control valve (31) and the pair of oil passages (32) for the cutting pretreatment section (A). Is supplied to each of the hydraulic motors (33) (not shown only in the hydraulic circuit diagram) for driving the.

The outline of the structure of the hydraulic joint (23) is shown in FIGS. 3 and 8, and the tubular body (23a) of the hydraulic joint (23) is fixed to the traveling frame (12) side. ,
Guide passages (34) and (34) communicating with the first flow passages (27) and (27) are formed in the tubular body (23a), and guide passages (34) and (34) are formed in the rotary valve body (23b). 34) and lower ports (35), (35)
A pair of connecting paths (36), (36) are formed so as to communicate with and through the cutouts (23c).

The steering levers (24), (24) are linked to the hydraulic pumps (25), (25) so that the vehicle body can be moved forward by swinging forward and the vehicle can be moved backward by swinging backward. , The steering levers (24), (24) and the second control valve (31) are linked to each other so that the driving speed of the cutting pretreatment section (A) can be changed in association with the traveling speed of the vehicle body during the harvesting work. ing.

That is, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the pair of steering levers (24), (24) is vertically mounted on the arm (37) which is swingably supported around a single axis (X). A balance-like member (38), which is swingably supported around an axis (Z) of orientation, is arranged on the front surfaces of the steering levers (24) and (24), and is further formed on the arm (37). By disposing the operating member (39) linked to the spool (31a) of the second control valve (31) at a position where it is brought into contact with the protruding piece (37a), both steering levers (24), ( When 24) is operated in the same amount, the second control valve (31) is operated in the same relationship as this operation, and a difference occurs in the operation amount of both steering levers (24), (24). When the vehicle is turning (when the vehicle body is turning, etc.), the second control valve (31) is operated with a swing displacement of the balance-like member (38) as shown in FIG. Configured to There.

Further, the second control valve (31) is configured so that the supply amount of the hydraulic oil with respect to the operation amount of the spool (31a) appears in a non-linear manner, and moreover, the cutting control unit (A) is provided even when the traveling of the vehicle body is stopped. The linkage is set to drive. The change in the vehicle speed with respect to the operation amount of the steering lever (24) and the change in the driving speed (grass transfer speed) of the pre-reaping process (A) are expressed as shown in the graph of FIG. By increasing the speed from the value, the vehicle speed becomes higher than the drive speed in the pre-reaping process (A).

Further, in this combine, as shown in FIG. 12, the arc-shaped dividing rods (40), 40 are formed on the left and right sides of the work frame (6).
The work frame (6) is provided in a state where the work frame (6) extends between the front and rear ends of the work frame (6), and the amount of protrusion to the outside can be adjusted by switching the swinging posture around the longitudinal axis. At the time of turning operation of 6),
As indicated by phantom lines, 0) and (40) are extended to the outside so as to prevent contact between the worker and the work frame (6).

Then, during the harvesting work, as shown in FIG. 1, the work frame (6) with respect to the traveling frame (12) is arranged so that the pre-reaping processing section (A) faces the uncut grain culm row within the swing range (θ). By setting the turning posture and running, it is difficult to contact the uncut grain culm with the side surface of the vehicle body, and
Exhaust straw shredder connected to the rear of the threshing device (B) (4
The straw discharged from 1) is discharged in the direction away from the uncut grain culm.

[Another embodiment]

In addition to the above-described embodiment, the present invention can be implemented, for example, by forming a cutout portion on the side of the cylindrical body of the hydraulic joint so as to secure the oil feeding cross-sectional area of the flow path within a predetermined swing range. In addition, as a structure for switching the flow path in the hydraulic joint, a spool type valve body may be installed inside the hydraulic joint, and the traveling device is configured as a multi-wheel type,
Further, the threshing device can be variously implemented, such as being configured as a so-called DC type.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the structure of the accompanying drawings by adding reference numerals or writing the reference numerals in the claims for convenience of comparison with the drawings.

[Brief description of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of a combine according to the present invention. Fig. 1 is a plan view showing a working mode in a field, Fig. 2 is a hydraulic circuit diagram, Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional plan view of a hydraulic joint, and Fig. 4 is FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a traveling device and the like, FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a rotary coupling mechanism, FIG. 7 is a schematic plan view showing the traveling device and the like, and FIG. 8 is a hydraulic joint. Fig. 9 is a schematic perspective view, Fig. 9 is a front view of the steering lever, Fig. 10 is a side view of the steering lever, Fig. 11 is a graph showing characteristics of the second control valve, and Fig. 12 is an overall plan view of the combine. Yes,
FIG. 13 is a plan view of a conventional work mode. (6) …… Work frame, (7) …… Hydraulic motor, (1
2) …… Running frame, (23) …… Hydraulic joint, (2
5) …… hydraulic pump, (27) …… passage, (28) …… passage, (A) …… pre-processing section, (B) …… thrusher,
(C) ... Traveling device, (D) ... Rotation coupling mechanism, (Y)
…… Vertical axis center, (θ) …… Swing range.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A pre-cutting processing unit (A) and a threshing device (B)
Work frame (6) provided with the left and right traveling devices (C), (C), and these traveling devices (C), (C)
And a traveling frame (12) equipped with hydraulic motors (7) and (7) that independently drive the
The hydraulic motor (7) is connected so as to be able to rotate at least 180 degrees around a longitudinal axis (Y),
(7) A pair of hydraulic pumps (25), (25) for each of them is provided in the work frame (6), and the front-back direction of the work frame (6) is aligned with the straight traveling direction of the travel frame (12). A predetermined swing range (θ) including a posture and a predetermined swing range including a posture in which the front-back direction of the work frame (6) is set to be opposite to the straight traveling direction of the traveling frame (12). (Θ) When the work frame (6) is swung in each area, the hydraulic oil flow path (2) from the pair of hydraulic pumps (25), (25) to the left and right hydraulic motors (7), (7)
7), (28) are changed to the left and right, and this flow path (27),
A combine comprising a hydraulic joint (23) for ensuring a predetermined value for the oil transfer cross-sectional area of (28), which is provided coaxially with the longitudinal axis core (Y).