JPH078222A - Health food containing calcium docosahexaenoate and its production - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain an excellent health food containing docosahexaenoic acid as well as calcium. CONSTITUTION:This health food containing calcium docosahexaenoate contains a calcium salt of a fatty acid extracted from marine microalgal cells containing docosahexaenoic acid(DHA) in combination with a nutrient food.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a calcium-containing health-effective food containing docosahexaenoic acid and having no offensive odor such as fish oil, and a method for producing the same.
More specifically, it relates to a novel health food using a fatty acid extracted from an algal body obtained by culturing marine microalgae in a medium, and a method for producing the same. In recent years, docosahexaenoic acid has a cholesterol lowering effect, an anticoagulant effect,
It is a highly unsaturated fatty acid, which has been reported to have various physiological effects such as learning function improving effect. Also, calcium has been
It is regarded as important as a component necessary for prevention of osteoporosis and the like, and it is desired to increase its content in milk.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a highly unsaturated fatty acid that has been reported to have various physiological effects, has long been known to be contained in fish oil, and health foods made from that fish oil have been sold. ing. However, the content ratio of DHA in fish oil to total fatty acids is 10 to 15%.
The degree is low and it is difficult to remove fishy odor. On the other hand, foods often require heat processing, but since docosahexaenoic acid is very easily oxidized, it cannot be added to general foods and heated in air.

[0003] Recently, the discovery of orbital adipose tissue of various fishes highly enriched in docosahexaenoic acid and the progress of separation and purification techniques have enabled the fractionation of docosahexaenoic acid. However, there are problems such as the use of expensive reagents for separation and purification, the peculiar fish odor derived from fish oil, and the unstable supply of raw materials, resulting in inconsistent quality.
The purified product is expensive as a food and cannot be used. In order to solve these problems, methods for selectively producing docosahexaenoic acid in microorganisms have been studied.

[0004] For example, in a study by Platima Bupai et al., It has been reported that Thraustochytrium aureum belonging to a lower fungus produces docosahexaenoic acid (Appl. Microbi
ol.Biotechnol., 35, 706 (1991)), which requires light for culturing and has a similar physical property to arachidonic acid.
There is a problem that a special and large-scale culturing device and a high-level separation and purification facility are required, such as simultaneously producing 10 to 20% of other highly unsaturated fatty acids such as eicosapentaenoic acid. In addition, in the study by Earl Jay Henderson et al., It was reported that the marine microalga Crypthecodinium cornie produces almost 9% of docosahexaenoic acid as polyunsaturated fatty acid based on all fatty acids. (See Phytochemistry, 27 (6), 1697 (1988)), however, has problems such as static culture, which is not suitable for large-scale culture, and low content of docosahexaenoic acid.

On the other hand, the present inventors not only improved the algal productivity by culturing marine microalgae by a method such as liquid shaking culture or liquid submerged culture, but also, as highly unsaturated fatty acids, only docosahexaenoic acid was used. It has been found that the docosahexaenoic acid content in lipids is dramatically increased and that the content of docosahexaenoic acid in lipids is dramatically increased (Japanese Patent Application No. 04-077189).

[0006]

With respect to foods and beverages containing DHA, fish oil-derived products have already been put on the market. There are problems such as odor remaining.

[0007]

As a result of diligent efforts to solve these problems, the present inventors have developed a marine microalgae having the ability to produce docosahexaenoic acid,
When cultured by shaking culture or deep aeration stirring culture,
It was found that the content of docosahexaenoic acid in the lipids of the obtained algal cells increased dramatically. Further, a calcium salt of a fatty acid extracted from this algal body is produced, and the calcium salt is mixed with an antioxidant, casein, and a binder, and the plain tablet obtained by tableting is coated with a sugar coating containing a light-shielding substance. The present invention has been accomplished by finding a DHA-containing solid food product characterized by being coated with an agent. Furthermore, simultaneous ingestion of active ingredients other than DHA can contribute to better health.

The object of the present invention belongs to marine microalgae,
And, algae having the ability to produce docosahexaenoic acid, grown by shaking culture or deep aeration stirring culture to obtain an alga containing a large amount of docosahexaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid is separated and extracted, as a calcium salt. This is to use this as a health food.

That is, the present invention provides a docosahexaenoic acid calcium salt-containing health food containing a calcium salt of a fatty acid extracted from seawater microalgae containing docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and a nutritional food. Furthermore, a docosahexaenoic acid calcium salt-containing health food containing a clathrate compound of a calcium salt of a fatty acid and cyclodextrin extracted from a marine microalgae containing docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and a nutritional food is provided.
Moreover, it is preferable that the nutritional food is a dairy product. Furthermore, it is preferred that the marine microalgae is Crypthecodinium cohnii. Then, the fatty acid extracted from the marine microalgae containing docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is formed into a calcium salt, and the inclusion compound is formed with the calcium salt and cyclodextrin, and the inclusion compound is mixed with a nutritional food. Provided is a method for producing a health food containing a calcium salt of docosahexaenoic acid.

The present invention will be described in detail below. The microorganism used in the present invention may be a marine microalgae that produces docosahexaenoic acid, and examples thereof include the genus Crypthecodinium, particularly Crypthecodinium cohnii. Specifically, Crypthecodinium
Cornie ATCC30021, 30543, 3055
6, 30571, 30572, 30575, 5005
1, 50053, 50055, 50056, 5005
8, 50060 and the like. In particular, Crypthecodinium cohnii ATCC30021 strain is preferable because it contains a large amount of DHA. These are known algae such as ATCC (American Type Culture Collec).
It is available from preservation organizations such as

The algal bodies of the alga can be obtained by culturing marine microalgae and the algal bodies obtained from the culture solution are wet algal bodies as they are or dried algal bodies such as freeze-dried to obtain dried algal bodies. .

Cultivation of marine microorganisms uses the following media and methods. As a medium for culturing algae used in the present invention, a medium having any composition can be used as long as the medium can grow well. The culture method may be any culture method such as static culture, liquid shake culture (rotary shake culture), liquid tank culture, batch culture, fed-batch culture and continuous culture, but liquid shake culture capable of mass production, deep aeration stirring Purification by culture or continuous culture is preferred. As the method of liquid shaking culture and deep aeration stirring culture, the method described in Japanese Patent Application No. 04-077189 may be used. The continuous culture method is described in Japanese Patent Application No. 05-099.
The method as described in No. 656 may be used.

[0013] The alga bodies are collected from the culture broth obtained by the above-mentioned method after being collected by filtration, centrifugation or the like, washed with distilled water several times, and then wet alga bodies, alga body paste, or heated. It can be stored in the form of powder as a dried algal body such as a dried product, a freeze-dried product, and a spray-dried product. As described above, when algae belonging to Crypthecodinium cornii as marine microalgae are subjected to liquid shaking culture or liquid submerged culture, not only docosahexaenoic acid as a highly unsaturated fatty acid is produced but also unexpectedly in lipids. It should be noted that the ratio of docosahexaenoic acid can be increased to about 40%.

An example of the fatty acid composition in the dried algal cells is shown in Table 1. As the highly unsaturated fatty acid in the lipid, docosahexaenoic acid is contained in the algal body in an amount of about 10% by weight.
Furthermore, lipids are extracted from the obtained algal cells. The extraction method uses hexane / ethanol as an eluent to extract lipids from algal cells. The extraction temperature is preferably room temperature to 50 ° C. from the viewpoint of handling. The extraction time is 1 to
10 hours is preferable in terms of efficiency.

Next, the obtained lipid is hydrolyzed to obtain sodium fatty acid. For the hydrolysis, sodium ethoxide, sodium / ethanol, etc. are used.
For 0.5 to 1 hour, the reaction temperature is 60 to 90 ° C.
It is preferable in terms of reactivity.

Further, a calcium compound such as calcium hydroxide is added to the obtained fatty acid sodium salt to form a calcium salt of a fatty acid by salt exchange. The calcium salt of this fatty acid may be used as it is for the health food of the present invention. Further, a cyclodextrin such as beta cyclodextrin may be added to the calcium salt obtained here, mixed, dried under reduced pressure, and used as an inclusion compound of a fatty acid calcium salt and cyclodextrin. The cyclodextrin used in the present invention may be any of α-, β-, and γ-, and a mixture thereof can also be used. The obtained calcium salt of fatty acid or a clathrate compound thereof is mixed with other nutritional food to obtain the health food of the present invention.

The health food containing docosahexaenoic acid calcium salt of the present invention contains a large amount of docosahexaenoic acid calcium salt or an inclusion compound thereof in the calcium salt of fatty acid. Specific foods to be mixed with the fatty acid calcium salt or the inclusion compound thereof include milk which is a dairy product, milk drink, lactic acid bacteria drink, butter, cheese, cheese food, yogurt, sour cream, chocolate, vitamins such as vitamin C and E. Agents and the like. The dairy products used in the present invention include margarine and fat spread.

The nutritional food used in the present invention is
Dairy products and raw materials such as cow and goat raw milk and skim milk are included, but it is a raw material used in place of raw milk that has been used as a raw material for dairy products, such as vegetable oils and fats and protein. It may be. In addition, vitamins C, E,
Including vitamins such as, health medicine such as iron. Moreover, it may be a favorite product such as chocolate, candy, or a sweetener.

The present invention also includes extenders, preservatives, coagulants (stabilizers), antioxidants, casein or sodium caseinate, binders, colorants, alcohols, dispersants and emulsifiers which are usually added to foods. , Agar, gelatin, carrageenan (carrageenan), soluble calcium, flavoring agent, sweetener, etc. may be added appropriately, but especially when used for drinking, agar, gelatine, carrageenan (carrageenan), soluble calcium, flavoring agent, sweetener Is preferably added, and
When used in the form of tablets, it is preferable to add a binder and an antioxidant in terms of stability.

Specific examples of the antioxidant include vitamin C,
Vitamin E (tocopherol), tocotrienol, etc. are mentioned. In addition, specific examples of the binder include reduced maltose and other sugars. Further, the form includes tablets, dragees, capsules, granules, powders and the like. In particular, in the case of tablets, the sugar-coated tablet coated with a sugar-coating agent is preferable from the viewpoint of taste. The sugar coating material contains a light-shielding material. Examples of sugar-coated coating agents include soft gelatin and hard gelatin. Examples of the light-shielding substance include caramel.

A typical method for producing a dairy product containing a calcium salt of a fatty acid or an inclusion compound of a calcium salt of a fatty acid and cyclodextrin includes the following methods. In the case of milk, lactic acid bacteria beverages, etc., when adding additives to raw materials such as milk and skimmed milk powder, a calcium salt of fatty acid of marine microalgae or its inclusion compound with cyclodextrin is added and then sterilized. In the case of cheese, the raw material milk is sterilized as it is or by a high temperature short time sterilization method and the like, and after cooling, a starter, an enzyme and the like are added to coagulate the milk. Furthermore, it is pressed, salted and aged. If necessary, spices and seasonings are added to obtain cheese food. The calcium salt of fatty acid or its inclusion compound with cyclodextrin may be added from the beginning of the production in addition to the raw milk, or may be mixed between the start of production and the pressing. Alternatively, after molding, it may be sprinkled on the surface of the cheese, or may be mixed with powdered cheese.

In the case of yogurt or lactic acid bacteria drink, a starter is added to skim milk or raw milk, and if necessary, stabilizers such as gelatin and pectin and a coagulant are added, and the mixture is cultured for several hours to several tens of hours. In the case of soft yogurt and drink yogurt, after stirring, further stir and add stabilizers and water as needed. The calcium salt of fatty acid or the inclusion compound with cyclodextrin may be added to skim milk or raw milk, or may be added after the culture, when an additive such as a stabilizer is appropriately added. Most preferably, it is added together with other additives after the culturing so as not to interfere with the culturing of the above.

Further, in the case of tablets, the above-mentioned inclusion compound of calcium salt of fatty acid or its cyclodextrin is mixed with additives such as antioxidant, binder and casein, and mixed. Lock to obtain a plain tablet. Further, this plain tablet is coated with a sugar-coated coating material containing a light-shielding substance to form a sugar-coated tablet.

As an example of the production of tablets, a lipid obtained from seawater microalgae is extracted and hydrolyzed to form a fatty acid, and the fatty acid is converted into calcium salt by calcium hydroxide. Furthermore, the calcium salt 100
0.1 to 1.0 g of antioxidant (vitamin C,
E and the like), 1 to 100 g of casein or sodium casein, and 35 to 40 g of a binder (a saccharide, particularly reduced maltose are preferable) are mixed, and a plain tablet obtained by tableting is sugar-coated with a light-shielding substance. A sugar coating is obtained by coating with a coating agent.

The health food of the present invention obtained as described above is rich in docosahexaenoic acid and calcium. In the past, the supply of raw materials was unstable and the quality was unstable,
Extraction from fish oil having a unique odor and docosahexaenoic acid, which had been obtained by an advanced separation and purification technique, can be ingested at a high concentration in the present invention, and calcium can be ingested at the same time. Is excellent.

[0026]

The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples, but it goes without saying that these examples do not limit the scope of the present invention. In the following examples, the content of docosahexaenoic acid was determined by converting crude lipid extracted from dried algal cells with chloroform / methanol (2: 1) into a fatty acid methyl ester with a boron trifluoride methanol complex, and producing docosahexaenoic acid as a gas. It was quantified by chromatography.

Example 1 Crypthecodinium cornii ATCC30021 strain was subjected to rotary shaking culture at 28 ° C. for 7 days to obtain algal cells. As a result of the analysis, about 20% of the obtained algal cells were lipids, and the fatty acid composition of the lipids was as shown in Table 1.

[0028] Note) ^* : (carbon number of fatty acid: number of unsaturated carbon) is shown.

10 g of the above algal cells were mixed with 150 ml of hexane /
It was extracted with ethanol (2: 1) for 1 hour and further hydrolyzed with sodium ethoxide to obtain a fatty acid. Calcium hydroxide is added to the obtained fatty acid to generate a calcium salt, and 10 g of a 10% aqueous solution of beta cyclodextrin is added to 1 g of the obtained calcium salt.
1 was added and kneaded. The kneaded material was dried under reduced pressure of 10 ^-1 Pa (or Torr) to obtain an inclusion compound. Furthermore, 1 g of this clathrate compound was added to 200 ml of milk and then dispersed.

(Example 2) The dry weight of the calcium salt of the fatty acid obtained in Example 1 was 0.1 g per 100 g.
g of tocopherol (antioxidant) and 40 g of reduced maltose (binder) were mixed and compressed into plain tablets using a soft gelatin capsule base colored with caramel in the presence of nitrogen gas. The product was obtained by soft encapsulation by a conventional method.

Example 3 1 g of the calcium salt of the fatty acid obtained in Example 1 was heat-melted and kneaded with 50 g of chocolate and 0.1 g of tocopherol (antioxidant) to obtain a product. This chocolate has good oil retention,
It became a rich product.

[0032]

As described above, a health food containing a calcium salt of docosahexaenoic acid or its inclusion compound with cyclodextrin at a high content can be obtained.
Furthermore, the health food containing the calcium salt of docosahexaenoic acid or its inclusion compound with cyclodextrin of the present invention is an excellent health food containing both docosahexaenoic acid and calcium in the food at the same time. Among them, the inclusion compound of the calcium salt of docosahexaenoic acid and cyclodextrin improves the oxidation resistance of the calcium salt of the fatty acid contained therein, stabilizes it, and has excellent miscibility with milk and the like. When the marine microalgae used is Crypthecodinium cornii, the health food obtained by the method of the present invention has a high DHA content in lipids, and therefore the same amount of algal bodies of other species is used. The amount of docosahexaenoic acid calcium salt or its inclusion compound with cyclodextrin in the food is also higher.

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A calcium salt of a fatty acid extracted from seawater microalgae containing docosahexaenoic acid (DHA),
A health food containing calcium docosahexaenoate, characterized by containing a nutritional food. 2. A calcium salt of docosahexaenoic acid, which comprises a complex compound of a calcium salt of a fatty acid extracted from a marine microalgae containing docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and cyclodextrin, and a nutritional food. healthy food. 3. The health food containing calcium docosahexaenoate according to claim 1, wherein the nutritional food is a dairy product. 4. The health food containing calcium docosahexaenoate according to claim 1, wherein the marine microalgae is Crypthecodinium cohnii. 5. A calcium salt is used as a fatty acid extracted from marine microalgae containing docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and a clathrate compound is formed by the calcium salt and cyclodextrin, and the clathrate compound is a nutritional food. A method for producing a health food containing docosahexaenoic acid calcium salt, characterized by being mixed with. 6. The method for producing a health food containing calcium salt of docosahexaenoic acid according to claim 5, wherein the marine microalgae is Crypthecodinium cohnii.