JPH078087U - Car door mirror - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] Miniaturizing the mechanism that releases the electric drive system when an external force is suddenly applied to the door mirror that electrically drives between the normal position and the storage position from the front-back direction due to the collision of an obstacle. To do. [Constitution] The center shaft 21 has a mirror holder 27,
The conical concave body 28, the conical convex body 40 facing the inclined surface of the concave body, the clutch 49 and the center gear 45 meshing with the conical concave body are inserted, and the conical convex body and the clutch cannot rotate with respect to the shaft. The others are rotatably supported. The center gear is driven by the motor 56. A guide body 32 is provided in the conical concave body, a slide body 33 is slidably supported by the guide body 32, and is elastically biased in the shaft direction by a coil spring 39. The slanted surface of the slide body 3
5, a ridge 36 is provided, and a fan-shaped step portion 44 is provided on the inclined surface 41 of the conical convex body facing the ridge. The clutch and the center gear mesh with each other during the electric drive, the driving force of the motor is transmitted to the shaft, the mesh between the clutch and the center gear disengages during an external impact, and the ridge of the slide body disengages from the stepped portion.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention relates to an electric retractable door mirror mounted on a front door of an automobile, and particularly when a collision with an obstacle occurs, the door mirror can be folded forward or backward of the vehicle body and has a shock absorbing function.

[0002]

[Prior art]

 Conventionally, this type of electric retractable door mirror has a possibility of colliding with an obstacle during traveling because it protrudes to the outside of the vehicle body. In the event of such a collision, the electric system is released to mitigate the impact, and the door mirror only is suddenly moved forward and backward with respect to the mirror base without applying a rotational force due to an external force to the drive motor. A structure that allows it to be collapsed is used (for example, Actual Kaihei 2-148849).

FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 show a conventional example similar to the structure described in the above publication, 1 is a mirror base plate fixed to the front door of the vehicle body, and 2 is a hollow center plate fixed to the base plate 1. The shaft 3 is a mirror holder rotatably supported on the center shaft 2 on the base plate 1. Reference numeral 4 is a ball bearing for smoothly rotating the mirror holder 3 with respect to the base plate 1. A mirror (not shown) and an actuator (not shown) for tilting the mirror are attached to the mirror holder 3. The center shaft 2 has a pair of flat surfaces 5 formed in a portion located above the mirror holder 3. A ring-shaped clutch 6 is axially movably supported on the shaft 2 via a washer 7 on the mirror holder 3, and has four claws 8, 8. The clutch 6 is formed with a flat surface 9 which corresponds to the flat surface 5 of the shaft 2 and therefore the clutch 6 cannot rotate with respect to the shaft 2. Reference numeral 10 denotes a center gear rotatably supported by the shaft 2, the lower portion of which is hollowed out, and the hollowed-out portion 11 accommodates the clutch 6. In the ceiling portion of the hollowed-out portion 11, recesses 12 and 12-to which the claw portions 8 and 8 of the clutch 6 mesh are formed. Reference numeral 13 is a coil spring which is penetrated through the shaft 2 and elastically presses the center gear 10 through the washer 14, and 15 is a fixing ring which fixes the upper end of the coil spring 13 near the upper end of the center shaft 2. Reference numeral 16 denotes a plurality of reduction gear groups, and 17 denotes a reversible motor that drives the hinter gear 10 to rotate forward and backward.

In the above-mentioned structure, the center gear 10 and the clutch 6 are normally engaged with each other by the force of the coil spring 13 so that the claw portions 8 and 8− and the recesses 12 and 12− engage with each other. Is in a state. Therefore, when the motor 17 rotates, the driving force is transmitted to the center gear 10, which in turn rotates the clutch 6 as well. Since the clutch 6 is supported so as not to rotate with respect to the center shaft 2, the mirror holder 3 itself rotates with respect to the shaft 2. By rotating the motor 17 forward and backward, the mirror holder 3 is rotated to the normal position or the retracted position.

When an external force is suddenly applied to the door mirror from the front or the rear due to the collision of an obstacle or the like, the meshing portion of the center gear 10 and the clutch 6 is dislocated against the spring force of the coil spring 13. The mirror holder 3 becomes rotatable with respect to the center shaft 2 and rapidly rotates rearward or forward of the vehicle body. This is because the magnitude of the rotational force of the gear 10 due to the impact force exceeds the meshing force between the gear 10 and the clutch 6 due to the coil spring 13.

[0006]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 According to the above structure, in the normal condition, the center gear and the clutch 6 are engaged with each other, the driving force of the motor 17 is transmitted to the center shaft 2, and the normal operation, that is, the movement of the door mirror from the retracted position to the normal position and its operation are performed. Move in the opposite direction. When an obstacle collides, the center gear 10 and the clutch 6 are disengaged, and the door mirror is rapidly rotated. Therefore, the elastic force of the coil spring 13 does not vibrate the mirror holder 3 relative to the mirror base plate 1 to the extent that the center gear 10 and the clutch 6 are sufficiently meshed with each other during normal operation to reliably transmit the driving force. It is necessary to set the strength to a certain degree, and normally a steel coil spring with a wire diameter (diameter) of 3 mm, a winding outer diameter of 20 mm, a winding number of 4 to 5, and a mounting height of 15 mm is used. Since the coil spring 13 is used by being inserted into the center shaft 2, the center shaft 2 must be lengthened by this length, which hinders the miniaturization of the entire door mirror.

The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and provides a door mirror for a vehicle that can be driven normally by using a coil spring having a small size and a weak elastic force. It is a thing. In other words, the present invention pays attention to the fact that there is a space of 50 to 60 mm (the space necessary for retracting and retracting the door mirror) from the center shaft to the side wall surface of the door mirror case, and this space is effectively used. The height of the center shaft has been shortened.

[0008]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 The vehicle door mirror according to the present invention comprises a mirror base plate which is fixed to the front door outside the vehicle body and is fixed substantially horizontally, a center shaft which is fixed substantially vertically to the mirror base plate, and the center shaft on the mirror base plate. A rotatably supported mirror holder, the mirror holder rotatably supported by the center shaft, and a conical concave body having an open portion, which is positioned on the mirror holder at the open portion. A slide body that is movable in the radial direction of the conical concave body, and has a tip end that has an inclined surface that substantially matches the conical inclined surface of the conical concave body, the slide body in the center shaft direction. A coil spring that elastically urges, and turns the center shaft on the conical concave body. The convex sloped surface is supported in a state where it is not possible and is only movable in the axial direction of the center shaft, and has a convex sloped surface that substantially matches the concave sloped surface of the conical concave body. Is a conical convex body facing the concave inclined surface, a center gear that is rotatably maintained with respect to the center shaft near the upper end of the center shaft, the center gear of the center shaft and the conical convex body. The center gear meshing clutch, which is inserted between the bodies and is supported by the center shaft in a non-rotatable state and only in the axial direction of the center shaft, and the mirror holder. It includes a reversible motor fixed to the center gear and the driving force of which is transmitted to the center gear, and a mirror attached to the mirror holder.

[0009]

【Example】

 1 to 4, reference numeral 20 denotes a plastic, ceramic or metal mirror base plate that is fixed to the front door of the vehicle outwardly of the vehicle body and is fixed substantially horizontally. Reference numeral 21 is formed substantially vertically in the center of the plate 20. A hollow plastic or metal center shaft is fixed to the plate 20 either integrally with the plate 20 or by screws or the like. The base 22 of the center shaft 21 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and a pair of flat surfaces 23 is formed on the upper portion thereof. Reference numeral 24 is a circular groove formed around the center shaft 21, and 25 is a ring made of plastic or the like that is slidably accommodated in the groove 24. A plurality of balls are provided at predetermined intervals. The bearings 26, 26-are embedded in a rotatable manner.

Reference numeral 27 denotes a plastic mirror holder supported by the center shaft 21 on the base plate 20. The circular opening 28 is located at the cylindrical portion of the base portion 22 of the center shaft 21 and is rotatable about the shaft 21. is there. The plastic ring 25 and the ball bearings 26, 26-function to smooth the rotation of the mirror holder 27 with respect to the plate 20. That is, as the mirror holder 27 rotates, the plastic ring 25 rotates and the ball bearing rolls. The mirror holder 27 has an actuator mounting plate (shown in the figure) to which an actuator (not shown) for tilting a mirror (not shown) is mounted.

Reference numeral 28 denotes a metallic conical concave body rotatably supported on the mirror holder 27 with respect to the center shaft 21, and has a circular opening 29 through which the shaft 21 penetrates in the center, and the opening 29. It has a conical inclined surface 30 as the center. The diameter of the opening 29 is designed to be larger than the outer diameter of the shaft 21, so that the conical recess 28 can move horizontally on the mirror holder 27. As an example of the dimensions, the diameter of the opening 29 can be 16 mm, and the outer diameter of the center shaft 21 in this portion can be 14 mm. The inclination angle α of the inclined surface 30 with respect to the horizontal line can be about 26.6 °. Further, the conical concave body 28 is formed with an opening portion 31 in the radial direction thereof. Reference numeral 32 denotes a guide portion having a U-shaped cross section that covers the upper portion of the open portion 31, and is integrally formed with the conical concave body 28. The inclination angle α needs to be 10 ° or more and less than 45 °. If the angle is smaller than 10 °, the thickness of the slide body 33 becomes too small, and accordingly the outer diameter must be increased, resulting in an unreasonable structure. This is because it requires a stronger spring than the coil spring.

Reference numeral 33 denotes a slide body that is housed in a slide groove 34 formed on the surfaces of the guide portion 32 and the mirror holder 27 and slides and moves in the open portion 31, and a cone located at the tip located on the center shaft 21 side. The concave body 28 has an inclined surface 35 corresponding to the conical inclined surface 30, and a ridge 36 is formed on the inclined surface 35. By housing the slide body 33 in the slide groove 34, rotation of the guide portion 33 and the conical concave body 28 with respect to the mirror holder 27 is prevented. Reference numeral 37 is a closing body that closes the rear end of the guide portion 32, and is screwed to the guide portion 32 through a screw hole 38. The closing body 37 may be formed integrally with the guide portion 32. Reference numeral 39 is a coil spring which is housed in the guide portion 32, the front end of which is in contact with the slide body 33 and the rear end of which is in contact with the closing body 37, which constantly elastically biases the slide body 33 toward the center shaft 21. The coil spring 39 has a steel wire diameter (diameter) of 1.6 mm, a winding outer diameter of 10 mm, and a mounting length of 15 mm.

Reference numeral 40 denotes a conical convex body penetrating the center shaft 21 on the conical concave body 28, and the inclination angle of the conical inclined surface 41 is equal to the inclination angle α of the conical concave portion 28. . The opening 42 formed in the center of the conical convex body 40 through which the shaft 21 penetrates has a flat surface 43, so that this conical convex body 40 cannot rotate relative to the center shaft 21. However, the shaft 21 is supported so as to be movable in the axial direction. The inclined surface 41 of the conical convex body 40 faces the inclined surface 30 of the conical concave body 28. On the inclined surface 41 of the conical convex body 40, a fan-shaped step portion 44 is formed at a predetermined angle (for example, 60 °), and the step portion 44 is located at the ridge 36 portion of the slide body 33. , And both are in contact. That is, the protrusion 36 of the slide body 33 elastically pressed by the coil spring 39 toward the center shaft 21 is pressed against the step portion 44. The position of the fan-shaped step portion 44 with respect to the shaft 21 and the divergence angle about the axis thereof are determined by the normal use position and the storage position of the door mirror, and the angle can be about 60 ° as described above.

Reference numeral 45 is a center gear supported by the center shaft 21 near the upper end of the center shaft 21, and the shaft 21 penetrates a circular opening 46 formed in the center. The center gear 45 is rotatable with respect to the shaft 21. Reference numeral 47 denotes a hollow portion formed on the lower surface of the center gear 45. The hollow portion 47 has recesses 48, 48 having a semicircular cross section.

Reference numeral 49 denotes a clutch which is inserted into the center shaft 21 between the center gear 45 and the conical convex body 40, and a flat surface 51 is formed in the center opening 50. The center shaft 21 is supported so as not to be rotatable but movable in the axial direction of the center shaft 21. Reference numerals 52, 52- are semi-circular claw portions formed on the upper surface of the clutch 49, and are engaged with the recesses 48, 48- of the center gear 45. The clutch 49 is housed in the hollow portion 47 of the center gear 45, and the claw portions 52, 52-are meshed with the recesses 48, 48-, and both are mechanically coupled.

Reference numeral 53 is a C ring that prevents the center gear 45 from coming off upward, and is locked in a groove 54 formed in the upper end of the center shaft 21.

Reference numeral 55 is a reduction gear group that transmits power to the center gear 45, and reference numeral 56 is a reversible motor, which are supported by the mirror holder 27. A cord (not shown) for supplying electric power to the motor 56 passes through the hollow portion of the center shaft 21 and is led out below the base plate 20 to be connected to the vehicle body side.

In such a structure, the slide body 33 is elastically pressed toward the center shaft 21 by the elastic force of the coil spring 39, and the conical convex body 40 is pushed upward by the ridge 36, and this pushing force causes the slide body 33 to be pushed upward. The clutch 49 meshes with the center gear 45. In this state, the conical concave body 28 is pressed to the left side in FIG. 1 by the coil spring, so that the conical concave body 28 and the conical convex body 40 are also in contact with each other on the right side in the figure. Even in such a state, the protrusion 36 is positioned on the step portion 44, and the rotation range of the conical projection 40 is restricted by the protrusion 36 within the fan-shaped angular range of the step portion 44.

Next, the operation of the above structure will be described. In a normal use state, the driving force is reduced by the rotation of the motor 56 via the reduction gear group 55 and transmitted to the center gear 45. Since the center gear 45 meshes with the clutch 49, the clutch 49 also rotates simultaneously with the rotation of the center gear 45. Since the clutch 49 is non-rotatably supported by the center shaft 21, the clutch 49 tries to rotate the center shaft 21. However, since the center shaft 21 is fixed to the vehicle body via the base press 20, the clutch 49 side, that is, the mirror holder 27 as a whole rotates about the center shaft 21.

By the rotation of the mirror holder 27, the protrusion 36 of the slide body 33 moves while slidingly contacting inside the step portion 44 of the conical convex body 40. When the ridge 36 reaches one step 44a of the step portion 44 and hits it, a large turning resistance is added to the motor 56, and an overload current flows through the motor 56. Detecting this, the rotation of the motor 56 is stopped. The same operation is performed when the protrusion 36 reaches the other step 44b of the step portion 44 and hits it. If one step 44a is set to the normal use position and the other step 44b is set to the storage position, the motor 56 can be driven to rotate the door mill by the forward and reverse driving of the motor 56 between the two positions.

Next, when an obstacle collides with the door mirror and a strong force that pushes the door mirror backward is suddenly exerted, a large turning force (clockwise in FIG. 1) is applied to the center gear 45, and therefore The recesses 48, 48-in the center gear 45 are disengaged from the claws 52, 52- of the clutch 49. The rotational force of the center gear 45 pushes the clutch 49 downward. At this time, when the clutch 49 is pushed down, the conical projection 40 is also pushed down, the slide body 33 moves slightly outward (to the left in the drawing), and the conical recess 28 also moves slightly to the right in the drawing. The coil spring 39 is compressed. Thus, the mirror holder 27 becomes rotatable with respect to the center shaft 21, rapidly rotates in the storage direction, and the protrusion 36 abuts on the step difference 44b of the step portion 44 and stops at the storage position. At this time, the protrusion 36 of the slide body 33 slides in the step portion 44 of the conical convex body 40. After returning to the normal position after stopping at the storage position, the motor 56 may be rotated in the normal position direction. That is, the center gear 45 is rotated by the drive of the motor 56, and the recesses 48, 48 of the hollowed-out portion 47 idle around the clutch 49 until they coincide with the claws 52, 52-, and the recesses 48, 48-- After the gears match the claws 52, 52-, the clutch 49 is rotated and the driving force is transmitted to the shaft 21, and the mirror holder 27 is rotated in the normal position direction.

On the contrary, when an obstacle collides with the door mirror from the rear and a strong force for pushing the door mirror forward suddenly acts, a large turning force (counterclockwise) is applied to the center gear 45, and therefore the center gear 45 is rotated. The recesses 48, 48 of the gear 45 are disengaged from the claws 52, 52 of the clutch 49. As in the case described above, the clutch 49 is pushed downward by the rotational force of the center gear 45. In the position where the door mirror is used, the protrusion 36 hits the step 44a of the step portion 44, and the protrusion 36 rides on the step portion 44 and further rotates due to the rotational force. The clutch 44 and the conical convex body 40 move slightly downward with respect to the center shaft 21, but this movement is possible because a gap is initially provided between the conical convex body 40 and the conical concave body 28. Becomes These operations are enabled by the slide body 33 being pushed outward against the elastic force of the coil spring 39. In order to return the door mirror to the use position after tilting it forward, the motor 56 may be rotated in the storing direction. That is, the center gear 45 is rotated by the rotation drive of the motor 56, and the hollow portion 47 of the center gear 45 is first rotated. The recesses 48, 48- mesh with the claw portions 52, 52- of the clutch 49 and rotate the mirror holder 27 with respect to the shaft 21. When the mirror holder 27 reaches the normal position, the protrusion 36 enters the step 44 and is further driven to the retracted position.

[0023]

[Effect of device]

 According to the present invention, since the meshing of the center gear and the clutch is performed by the slide body that slides vertically with respect to the center shaft axis and the coil spring that elastically presses the center body, the coil spring penetrates the center shaft. There is no need to insert it, and this center shaft can be made shorter than the conventional one. Therefore, the height of the mechanical portion including the center shaft can be reduced, the aesthetic beauty can be improved, and the aerodynamic resistance can be further suppressed.

According to the present invention, the load applied to the coil spring by adjusting the inclination angle α of the conical inclined surfaces of the conical concave body and the convex body with respect to the horizontal line to 10 ° or more and less than 45 ° is the same as the conventional center spring. The load applied to the coil spring inserted in the shaft can be tan α times. The optimum example is α = 26.6 ° and tan α = 0.5, so the load can be halved compared to the conventional load. As a result, even a coil spring that is smaller in size and weaker in force than the conventional one can obtain a spring elastic force (a meshing force between the center gear and the clutch) equal to or higher than that of the conventional one. Further, since the movement of the slide body is suppressed by the frictional resistance between the contact surface between the slide body and the conical convex body and the contact surface between the slide body and the mirror holder, the elastic force of the spring coil can be further reduced. It is possible.

Further, according to the present invention, a fan-shaped step portion is provided on the inclined surface of the conical convex body, and the fan-shaped step portion is matched with the normal position and the storage position angle of the door mirror. Can be regulated accurately.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a field of one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional perspective view of a main part of the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a main part of the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view showing a conventional example.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 20 Mirror base plate 2, 21 Center shaft 3, 27 Mirror holder 6, 49 Clutch 10, 45 Center gear 13, 39 Coil spring 17, 56 Motor 28 Conical concave body 31 Opening section 32 Guide section 33 Slide body 40 Conical shape Convex body 44 Step portion 36 Projection

Claims (4)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A mirror base plate that projects outward from a vehicle body of a front door and is fixed substantially horizontally, a center shaft fixed substantially vertically to the mirror base plate, and rotatably supported by the center shaft on the mirror base plate. The center holder is rotatably inserted on the mirror holder, and has a conical concave portion having an opening having a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the center shaft at its center and having an opening portion. Body, on the mirror holder, an inclined surface which is positioned in the open portion and is movable in the radial direction of the conical concave body, and whose tip end substantially matches the conical inclined surface of the conical concave body. A slide body, a coil spring that elastically biases the slide body in the direction of the center shaft, the cone On the circular concave body, a convex shape that is supported by the center shaft in a non-rotatable state and is movable only in the axial direction of the center shaft, and that substantially matches the concave inclined surface of the conical concave body. A conical convex body having an inclined surface, the convex inclined surface facing the concave inclined surface, a center gear that is maintained in a rotatable state with respect to the center shaft near the upper end of the center shaft, the center The center gear, which is inserted between the center gear of the shaft and the conical convex body and is supported by the center shaft in a non-rotatable state and in a state in which only the axial movement of the center shaft is possible. A meshing clutch, a reversible motor that is fixed to the mirror holder and its driving force is transmitted to the center gear, a mirror attached to the mirror holder, Car door mirrors including 2. The slide body is prevented from rotating with respect to the mirror holder, and a ridge is formed on the inclined surface thereof, and the conical convex body has a predetermined convex inclined surface. 2. The door mirror for an automobile according to claim 1, further comprising a stepped portion formed in a fan shape at an angle, and the protrusion is in contact with the stepped portion. 3. The door mirror for an automobile according to claim 1, wherein the conical concave body and the conical convex body have an inclined surface of 10 ° or more and less than 45 °. 4. A position and a spread angle of the stepped portion of the conical convex body with respect to the shaft correspond to a normal position and a storage position of the door mirror, and also correspond to an angle between the normal position and the storage position. The door mirror for an automobile according to claim 2.