JPH0779184A - Contactless transmitter - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To attain sure reception even when a medium takes any posture in a communication area by using plural read/write antennas, calculating the sum and the difference of reception signals from the read/write antennas, selecting a signal whose amplitude is maximum as the reception signal or using combination of connection of read/write antennas with a high impedance. CONSTITUTION:The transmitter is characterized in that it is provided with plural read/write antennas 8, 9 arranged so that the directions of generated magnetic fields differ from each other, an arithmetic operation means 14 calculating the sum and the difference of the reception signals from the plural read/ write antennas 8, 9 and a selection means 15 selecting a signal whose amplitude is maximum among the signals calculated by the arithmetic operation means 14 as a reception signal or a selection means measuring the impedance and selecting the combination of the antennas with the high impedance.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a touchless pass gate for transmitting signals and electric power between a transmitting / receiving antenna of an automatic ticket gate used in station service and a medium such as a commuter ticket equipped with the transmitting / receiving antenna. The present invention relates to a contactless transmission device such as a device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as the non-contact transmission device of the above-mentioned example, a single transmission / reception antenna (read / write antenna) on the side of an automatic ticket gate and a transmission / reception antenna on the side of a medium such as a commuter ticket are formed by loop coils. There are devices configured to transmit signals and power between them.

However, the above-mentioned read / write antenna is constructed substantially in a plane, and when a single read / write antenna is used, it is preferable when the medium is positioned substantially parallel to the read / write antenna. While communication can be obtained,
There is a problem that communication becomes impossible when the medium is positioned substantially perpendicular to the read / write antenna. In short, the problem that communication is impossible even in the original communication area depending on the attitude of the medium with respect to the read / write antenna. There was a point.

[0004]

The invention according to claim 1 of the present invention uses a plurality of antennas, calculates the sum and difference of the received signals from these antennas, and uses the signal with the maximum amplitude as the received signal. An object of the present invention is to provide a non-contact transmission device capable of performing reliable reception by selecting the medium in any posture in the communication area.

In addition to the object of the invention described in claim 1, the invention described in claim 2 of the present invention is to switch the phases of the transmission currents to a plurality of antennas in response to the selection of the sum signal and the selection of the difference signal. An object of the present invention is to provide a non-contact transmission device that can perform reliable transmission regardless of the posture of the medium in the communication area.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, by using a combination of antennas having high impedance, a contactless transmission device capable of performing reliable communication regardless of the posture of the medium in the communication area. For the purpose of provision.

An object of the present invention is to provide an automatic ticket gate, which can improve convenience for a customer who holds a medium without restricting the holding posture of the medium. To do.

[0008]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, a plurality of antennas are arranged so that directions of generated magnetic fields are different from each other, and a sum and a difference of received signals from the plurality of antennas. It is a non-contact transmission device comprising: a calculating means for calculating a signal and a selecting means for selecting a signal having the maximum amplitude among the signals calculated by the calculating means as a reception signal.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the first aspect of the invention, when the sum signal is selected by the selecting means, the transmission currents to the plurality of antennas are set to have opposite phases, The contactless transmission device is provided with a transmission polarity switching unit that makes transmission currents to a plurality of antennas in phase when a difference signal is selected by the selection unit.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, a plurality of antennas arranged so that the directions of the generated magnetic fields are different from each other and the phase of each antenna when the communication medium is inserted into the communication area of the antennas are provided. Characterized in that it is a non-contact transmission device comprising an impedance measuring means for measuring the impedance of each combination that has been rearranged, and a selecting means for selecting a combination of antennas with high impedance based on the measurement of the impedance measuring means. .

A fourth aspect of the present invention is an automatic ticket gate equipped with the non-contact transmission device according to the first, second or third aspect.

[0012]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the calculating means calculates the sum and difference of the received signals from the plurality of antennas arranged so that the directions of the generated magnetic fields are different from each other. The selecting means selects the signal having the maximum amplitude among the signals calculated by the calculating means as the reception signal.

According to the invention of claim 2 of the present invention,
When the sum signal is selected by the selecting means, the transmission polarity switching means sets the transmission currents to the plurality of antennas in opposite phases, and when the difference signals are selected by the selecting means, the transmission currents to the plurality of antennas are the same. Phase.

According to the invention of claim 3 of the present invention,
Communication is performed by a combination of antennas with high impedance selected by the selection unit based on the measurement by the impedance measurement unit.

According to the invention of claim 4 of the present invention,
Regardless of the posture of the non-contact medium in the communication area of the antenna, mutual communication can be performed without a dead zone, and ticket processing can be executed.

[0016]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the plurality of antennas are arranged so that the directions of the generated magnetic fields are different from each other, and the antennas are separated from each other by the calculating means. Since the sum and difference of the received signals are calculated and the signal having the maximum amplitude is selected as the received signal by the selecting means, there is an effect that reliable reception can be performed regardless of the posture of the medium in the communication area.

According to the second aspect of the present invention,
In addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 1, sum signal selection,
Since the above-mentioned transmission polarity switching means switches the phase of the transmission current to the plurality of antennas in response to the difference signal selection, reliable transmission can be performed regardless of the posture of the medium in the communication area in the same manner as during reception. There is an effect that can be done.

According to the invention of claim 3 of the present invention,
Since communication is performed with a combination of antennas with high impedance, a state where the coupling between the antenna and the non-contact medium is large can be obtained, reliable communication can be performed, and the dead zone of the antenna can be eliminated.

According to the invention of claim 4 of the present invention,
Since the automatic ticket gate is provided with the non-contact transmission device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, it is convenient for users who hold the medium without restricting the holding posture of the medium in the communication area. There is an effect that can improve.

[0020]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. The drawing shows an automatic ticket gate equipped with the non-contact transmission device of the present invention. In FIG. 1, an automatic ticket gate main body 3 having opening / closing doors 1 and 2 so-called gates is provided. A plurality of units for forming signals and electric power or both between the non-contact ticket 7 as a medium, while forming an insertion opening 5 for inserting a magnetic ticket 4 of a type and an emission opening 6 for ejecting the magnetic ticket 4. It has built-in read / write antennas 8 and 9.

In this embodiment, one read / write antenna 8 is horizontally arranged in the automatic ticket gate main body 3 and the other read / write antenna 9 is vertically arranged in the automatic ticket gate main body 3 to form a loop coil. The directions of the generated magnetic fields (reception magnetic field and transmission magnetic field) in the central portions of the read / write antennas 8 and 9 are orthogonal to each other.

FIG. 2 is a system diagram of a non-contact transmission device. One read / write antenna 8 arranged horizontally is provided with a receiving antenna 10 and a transmitting antenna 11, and the other read / write antenna 9 arranged vertically is also shown. A reception antenna 12 and a transmission antenna 13 are provided.

The receiving antennas 10 and 12 of the read / write antennas 8 and 9 described above are respectively provided in the arithmetic unit 14,
While being connected to the receiving unit 16 via the selecting unit 15, each transmitting antenna 1 in each of the above-mentioned read / write antennas 8 and 9 is connected to the transmitting unit 17 via the transmitting polarity switching unit 18.
1 and 13 are connected.

On the other hand, the CPU 20 drives the transmitter 17 according to the program stored in the ROM 19 based on the input of the received signal from the receiver 16, and the RAM 21 stores the necessary data. Further, the antenna control unit 22 switches and controls the transmission polarity switching unit 18 described above when the transmission unit 17 is driven.

Here, the arithmetic unit 14 described above includes a plurality of read / write antennas 8 and 9 (specifically, receiving antennas 10 and 1).
It is a calculating means for calculating the sum and difference of the received signals from 2). The selecting unit 15 is a selecting unit that selects a signal having the maximum amplitude among the signals calculated by the calculating unit 14 as a reception signal.

Further, the transmission polarity switching unit 18 sets the transmission currents to the transmission antennas 11 and 13 of the plurality of read / write antennas 8 and 9 to opposite phases when the sum signal is selected by the selection unit 15 described above, When the difference signal is selected by the selection unit 15 of the plurality of read / write antennas 8,
It is a transmission polarity switching means for making the transmission currents to the transmission antennas 11 and 13 of 9 have the same phase.

FIG. 3 shows a specific circuit configuration between the receiving antennas 10 and 12 of the contactless transmission apparatus shown in FIG. 2 and the output stage of the selecting unit 15, and the output lines 23 and 23 of the receiving antennas 10 and 12, respectively. One of the output lines 23, 25 of 24, 25, 26 is connected to the adder 27 and the other output line 2
4, 26 are connected to the subtractor 28, one output line 29 of the adder 27 and one output line 30 of the subtractor 28 are connected to the selection circuit 31, and the other output line 32 of the adder 27 is connected. The other output line 33 of the subtracter 28 is separately connected to the respective switching terminals 34a and 34b of the changeover switch 34, and the common terminal 34c of the same changeover switch 34 is connected to the receiving section 16 shown in FIG.

The selecting section 15 is composed of a selecting circuit 31 and a changeover switch 34.
Can be composed of a rectifier, a comparator, an inverter (inverting circuit) and a switch.

When the non-contact ticket 7 as the medium is in the posture α shown in FIG. 3, the signal waveforms of the respective parts d, e, f, g are as shown in FIG. 4, and the selection circuit 31 sets the changeover switch 34 to one side. When the non-contact ticket 7 is in the posture β shown in FIG. 3, the signal waveforms of the respective parts d, e, f, g are as shown in FIG. The circuit 31 switches the changeover switch 34 to the changeover terminal 34b on the other side to select the signal having the maximum amplitude as the reception signal. When the non-contact ticket 7 is in the posture γ of FIG. 3, the signals of the parts d, e, f and g are selected. The waveform is as shown in FIG. 6, and the selection circuit 31 is configured to switch the changeover switch 34 to either one of the changeover terminals 34a and 34b and select the signal having the maximum amplitude as the received signal.

FIG. 7 shows the antenna and the control circuit of the contactless ticket 7. The receiving unit 36, the transmitting unit 37, and the power supply unit 38 are connected to the transmitting / receiving antenna 35 constituted by a loop coil, while the CPU 40 is receiving unit 36. According to the program stored in the ROM 39 based on the input from
PROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable RO
M, electrically erasable and rewritable ROM) 41, transmitter 3
7, the RAM 42 stores necessary data and the like.

8 to 11 show the circuit configuration on the transmission side and the generation state of the transmission magnetic field of the non-contact transmission device shown in FIG. 2, in which an amplifier 44 is connected to a power supply 43, and an output stage 45 of this amplifier 44 is connected to a line. The changeover switch 47 is connected to the changeover terminal 47a on one side through the switch 46, while the changeover terminal 47b on the other side of the changeover switch 47 is connected to the ground and the common terminal 4a.
7c are connected to one end of one transmission antenna 13, respectively.

The output stage 45 of the amplifier 44 described above is connected via a line 48 to a changeover terminal 4 on one side of a changeover switch 49.
On the other hand, the switching terminal 49b on the other side of the switching switch 49 is connected to the ground, and the common terminal 49c is connected to the other end of the one transmitting antenna 13 while being connected to the terminal 9a. Further, the other transmitting antenna 11, the line 51, and the ground are connected in this order to the output stage 45 of the amplifier 44 via the line 50.

When the sum signal (see FIG. 4) is selected by the selection unit 15 in correspondence with the contactless ticket 7 as the medium in the posture α shown in FIGS. 3 and 9, the transmission polarity switching unit 18 operates. The changeover switches 47 and 49 are changed over as shown in FIG. 8 so that the transmission currents i1 and i2 for the two transmission antennas 11 and 13 have opposite phases as shown in FIG. Each transmitting magnetic field (transmitting from
magnetic field) TMF1 and TMF2 are formed so as to pass through the non-contact ticket 7, and the difference signal (see FIG. 5) in the selection unit 15 corresponding to the non-contact ticket 7 in the posture β shown in FIGS.
When is selected, the transmission polarity switching unit 18 switches each of the changeover switches 47 and 49 as shown in FIG. 10 so that the transmission currents i1 and i2 to the two transmission antennas 11 and 13 have the same phase as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 11, the transmission magnetic fields TMF3 from the transmission antennas 11 and 13 are formed so as to pass through the non-contact ticket 7.

The illustrated embodiment is configured as described above, and the operation will be described below. When the customer holds the non-contact ticket 7 and positions the non-contact ticket 7 within the communication area of the automatic ticket gate main body 3 shown in FIG. 1, the calculation unit 14 shown in FIG. Each receiving antenna 1 in the plurality of read / write antennas 8 and 9 arranged so as to be different from each other.
The sum and difference of the received signals from 0 and 12 are respectively calculated, and the selection unit 15 selects the signal with the maximum amplitude among the signals calculated by the above-described calculation unit 14 as the received signal.

That is, when the non-contact ticket 7 is in the posture α, the sum signal shown in FIG. 4, the difference signal shown in FIG. 5 when the posture β, and the sum signal and the difference signal shown in FIG. One of the signals is selected as the received signal.

Since the signal having the maximum amplitude is selected as the reception signal in this way, reliable reception can be performed regardless of the attitudes α, β, γ shown in FIG. 3 of the contactless ticket 7 in the communication area. In addition to the effect, it is possible to control the level fluctuation of the communication signal, so that the reliability can be improved.

The above-mentioned transmission polarity switching unit 18 is the selection unit 1
When the sum signal is selected by 5, the transmission currents to the transmission antennas 11 and 13 in the plurality of read / write antennas 8 and 9 are set in opposite phases as shown in FIG. 8, and the difference signal is selected by the selection unit 15 described above. At each transmitting antenna 1
The transmission currents for 1 and 13 have the same phase as shown in FIG.

Therefore, the transmission magnetic fields TMF1, TMF2, TMF3 from the transmitting antennas 11 and 13 pass through the non-contact ticket 7 regardless of the postures α, β, γ of the non-contact ticket 7, so that they are different from those at the time of reception. Similarly, there is an effect that reliable transmission can be performed regardless of the posture of the medium (see the contactless ticket 7) in the communication area.

Further, in the automatic ticket gate having the above-mentioned structure, the holding attitude of the contactless ticket 7 in the communication area is not restricted to the customer who holds the contactless ticket 7, so that the convenience can be greatly improved. There is an effect that can be done.

FIG. 12 shows the configuration of a receiving side circuit showing another embodiment of the non-contact transmission device, in which a slant of about 45 degrees is provided between the receiving antenna 10 arranged horizontally and the receiving antenna 12 arranged vertically. The reception antennas 52 arranged in a line are provided, and the sum and difference of the reception signals from the reception antennas 10, 12, 52 are composed of a plurality of adders 53, 54, 55 and a plurality of subtractors 56, 57, 58. Computing unit 59
Then, as shown in FIG. 12, a + b, ab, bc, b +
c, a + c, a-c are respectively operated, and the respective operation results are input to the selection circuit 60 of the next stage, and the selection circuit 60 selects the signal having the maximum amplitude among the operation results as a reception signal, It is configured to output the selected maximum amplitude received signal to the receiving unit (not shown) at the next stage.

As described above, each of the receiving antennas 10 and 1 is
When 2, 52 are arranged every 45 degrees, contactless ticket 7
There is an effect that it is possible to perform more reliable reception regardless of the posture of the person in the communication area.

FIG. 13 shows a configuration of a receiving side circuit showing still another embodiment of the non-contact transmission apparatus, which is a receiving antenna 1
0, 12, and 52 are arranged with directivity in the directions of three axes of X, Y, and Z that are displaced by 90 degrees.
These receiving antennas 10, 12 and 52 are connected in series, and the phases of the receiving antennas 10 and 12 are switched by switches 61 and 62.

This switched connection state is, for example, a + b + c-a + b + c a-b + c when the receiving antennas 10, 12, and 52 are a, b, and c in this order.
The phase can be switched in four ways like -a + b + c, and the switching control is performed by, for example, the switching circuit 6 controlled by the CPU 20 shown in FIG. 2 or the CPU 40 shown in FIG.
3 is executed.

The impedance measuring circuit 64 is the switch 6
The impedance Z = E / I when the high frequency power source 66 is applied to the receiving antennas 10, 12, and 52 connected in series via 5 is measured, and this measurement is performed by the switching circuit 63. Each connection state of 10, 12, and 52 is measured, and the measured value is input to the above-mentioned CPU, and the one having the highest impedance among the connection states is selected.

That is, as shown in FIG. 14, the connection state of the receiving antennas 10, 12, 52 having high impedance is large because the coupling between the receiving antennas 10, 12, 52 and the contactless ticket 7 is large, so that the communication efficiency is high. It will be good. In the above example, the receiving antennas 10 and 1 of the read / write antenna are
Although only Nos. 2 and 52 are described, a circuit is configured for the transmission antennas in the same manner as described above, and transmission is performed using the transmission antennas in the connected state with high impedance. By transmitting and receiving by connecting the antenna with high impedance in this way, the dead zone of the antenna is eliminated and reliable communication can be obtained.

In the correspondence between the structure of the present invention and the above-described embodiment, the arithmetic means of the present invention corresponds to the arithmetic section 14 and the arithmetic section 59. Similarly, the selecting means is the selecting section 1 hereinafter.
5 and the selection circuit 60, the transmission polarity switching means,
The impedance measuring means corresponds to the impedance measuring circuit 64, and the selecting means for selecting a high impedance corresponds to the processing of the CPU. However, the present invention is limited to the configuration of the above-described embodiment. It is not limited to.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an automatic ticket gate equipped with a non-contact transmission device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a system diagram of the automatic ticket gate.

FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing a receiving side circuit configuration of a non-contact transmission device.

FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram of each part corresponding to the medium posture α in FIG.

5 is a waveform diagram of each part corresponding to the medium posture β in FIG.

6 is a waveform diagram of each part corresponding to the medium attitude γ of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a control circuit on the non-contact ticket side.

FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram showing a transmission side circuit configuration of a non-contact transmission device.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a generated transmission magnetic field when the transmission current has a reverse phase.

FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram showing a switching state by a transmission polarity switching unit.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing a generated transmission magnetic field when the transmission currents have the same phase.

FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram showing another embodiment of the receiving side circuit configuration in the contactless transmission device.

FIG. 13 is a circuit diagram showing another embodiment of the receiving side circuit configuration in the contactless transmission device.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a relationship between impedance and magnitude of coupling.

[Explanation of symbols]

 8, 9 ... Read / write antenna 14 ... Calculation unit 15 ... Selection unit 18 ... Transmission / reception polarity switching unit 59 ... Calculation unit 60 ... Selection circuit 63 ... Switching circuit 64 ... Impedance measurement circuit

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of antennas arranged so that directions of generated magnetic fields are different from each other, a calculation means for calculating a sum and a difference of received signals from the plurality of antennas, and a signal calculated by the calculation means. A non-contact transmission device comprising: a selection unit that selects a signal having the largest amplitude as a reception signal. 2. When the sum signal is selected by the selecting means, the transmission currents to the plurality of antennas have opposite phases, and when the difference signal is selected by the selecting means, the transmission currents to the plurality of antennas have the same phase. The non-contact transmission device according to claim 1, further comprising: a transmission polarity switching unit that operates. 3. A plurality of antennas arranged so that the directions of the generated magnetic fields are different from each other, and when a communication medium is inserted into the communication area of the antennas, the impedance of each combination in which the phase of each antenna is recombined is measured. A non-contact transmission device comprising: impedance measuring means for selecting; and selecting means for selecting a combination of antennas having high impedance based on the measurement by the impedance measuring means. 4. An automatic ticket gate equipped with the contactless transmission device according to claim 1, 2, or 3.