JPH0777603A - Omnidirectional reflecting body - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the omnidirectional reflecting body which returns a reflected light which is parallel to even an incident wave from any direction to one point on a plane and is easily installed when a distance is measured. CONSTITUTION:The omnidirectional reflecting body 10 is constituted by providing four reflection systems 12, each formed of three mutually right-angled planes reflecting an incident wave of <=90 deg. in solid angle in parallel, at one point Q on the plane so that the vertexes Q of them meet together. Consequently, waves made incident on one point Q on the plane 11 from all directions of 360 deg. in solid angle can be reflected in parallel to the incidence directions. Therefore, the distance can be measured only by installing the plane 11 of the omnidirectional reflecting body 10 opposite the side of a range finder without considering the angle, and the installation of the reflecting body is facilitated.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an omnidirectional reflector, which is suitable for being installed at a measurement point when distance measurement is performed using electromagnetic waves such as light. The incident wave incident on is reflected in parallel.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Distance measurement using light is performed to measure a relatively long distance of several tens of meters or more with high accuracy. Light is incident on a reflector installed at a measurement point and reflected from the reflector. The phase difference of the incoming light is detected to measure the distance.

By applying such a distance measuring technique, the shape of a large structure and the position of each point can be measured. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the main joint points of the block 1 at the time of building a hull block. Is set as a measurement point P, light is emitted from the rangefinder 2 toward the measurement point P, and the distance and angle to each measurement point P are obtained by receiving the reflected light by the rangefinder 2, thereby grasping the shape of the block 1. It is used in various fields such as shape grasping and distance measurement.

For this distance measurement, it is necessary to install a reflector 3 that reflects light at the measurement point P, and in a normal plane mirror, the direction of the rangefinder 2 and the plane mirror must be made to face each other. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, a corner cube prism 4 (see FIG. 4 (a)) or a three-sided mirror 5 (see FIG. 4 (b)) having a wide allowable range in the incident direction is used, or a corner cube prism 6a is used. A collective reflector 6 (see FIG. 7C) arranged in a sheet shape in a plane is used.

By using such a reflector 3, it is possible to reflect light incident from a direction within a solid angle of 90 degrees with respect to the vertexes of the corner cube prism 4 and the three-sided mirror 5 in parallel with the incident direction. Moreover, the optical path is always exactly the optical path to the apex, and these reflectors 3 enable distance measurement.

[0006]

However, when the distance measurement object is a large structure, the number of measurement points P is large, and if the distance meter 2 is fixed at one location and the measurement is performed, the solid angle is within 90 degrees. There are few measurement points P in the
There is a problem that the distance measurement becomes complicated because the reflector 4 to be attached to must be installed so as to be tilted with respect to the rangefinder 2 so that the solid angle is within 90 degrees.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems of the prior art, and it is possible to return a reflected wave parallel to an incident wave from any direction with respect to one point on a plane,
It is intended to provide an omnidirectional reflector that can be easily installed when measuring a distance.

[0008]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, an omnidirectional reflector of the present invention is an omnidirectional reflector that reflects an incident wave incident from any direction on one point on a plane in parallel with the incident direction. A reflector, which is configured by providing four reflection systems formed by three mutually perpendicular planes that reflect incident waves within a solid angle of 90 degrees in parallel at one point on the plane with their apexes aligned. It is characterized by.

[0009]

According to this omnidirectional reflector, a reflection system formed by three planes orthogonal to each other, which reflect incident waves within a solid angle of 90 degrees in parallel, has four vertices at one point on the plane with their vertices aligned.
It is configured to be provided individually, so that an incident wave from any direction with a solid angle of 360 degrees with respect to one point on a plane can be reflected in parallel to the incident direction.

As a result, the plane of the omnidirectional reflector need only be installed facing the rangefinder side without considering the angle, and the installation can be facilitated.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of an embodiment of the omnidirectional reflector of the present invention. This omnidirectional reflector 10
It is a reflector that reflects an incident wave incident from any direction to a point Q on a plane in parallel to the incident direction. A plane on which the point Q is located is a horizontal plane 11, and is incident on an upper surface of the horizontal plane 11 from any direction. It is designed to reflect the incident wave.

This omnidirectional reflector 10 comprises four reflection systems 1
It is composed of two. Each reflection system 12 is configured by arranging three plane mirrors so that the reflection surface 13 is inside and the reflection surface 13 is perpendicular to each other with one point as the vertex Q. The four reflection systems 12 are arranged so that their apexes Q are aligned at one point and are in close contact with each other to form the omnidirectional reflector 10.

That is, the omnidirectional reflector 10 is arranged in the XY direction.
-When viewed in the Cartesian coordinate system of Z, one point Q is the origin and the plane 11
Is the XY plane, the upper surface of this plane 11 is the reflection surface 1.
3, and both the front and back surfaces of the Z-X plane and the Y-Z plane are reflection surfaces 13.

In the omnidirectional reflector 10 having such a structure, all the light incident on one point Q on the plane 11 is reflected parallel to the incident direction regardless of the incident direction.
That is, in the omnidirectional reflector 10 shown in FIG. 1, light incident on the XY plane from above is reflected parallel to the incident direction, and the optical path is the same as the optical path up to the point Q.

Therefore, this omnidirectional reflector 10 is used as the block 1 in the construction of the hull block shown in FIG. 3, for example.
Match the point Q with the measurement point P such as the junction point of
Is almost vertical, and the reflecting surface 13 is attached so as to face the rangefinder 2 side.

Then, even if the incident angle is not within the range of a solid angle of 90 degrees as in the conventional reflectors, the incident wave from any direction incident toward the point Q is reflected in parallel with the incident direction, The reflected wave can be received by the rangefinder 2, and the distance can be measured.

Next, regarding another embodiment of the present invention,
This will be described with reference to FIG. The omnidirectional reflector 20 of this embodiment uses a corner cube prism as the reflection system 21, and the vertexes R of the four corner cube prisms 22 are arranged so as to be in close contact with one point R on the plane 23. Configured.

As described above, the reflection system 21 has a solid angle of 90.
Even when four corner cube prisms 22 that reflect incident waves within a degree in parallel are combined, incident light from any direction with respect to one point R on the plane 23 can be reflected in parallel. It is effective when used as a reflector.

As described above, the omnidirectional reflector 1 of the present invention
According to 0 and 20, the reflected wave can be returned in parallel to the incident wave from any direction to the points Q and R on the planes 11 and 23.

In addition, from the electromagnetic wave oscillator such as light, a measuring point P
The electromagnetic waves reflected and returned by the omnidirectional reflectors 10 and 20 installed in accordance with the above reciprocate the optical path between the electromagnetic wave oscillator and the measurement point P, and use this to reach the measurement point P. The distance can be obtained with high accuracy.

When the omnidirectional reflectors 10 and 20 are attached to the measuring point P, it is not necessary to direct them so that the solid angle is within 90 degrees, and only the points Q and R need to coincide with the point P. Good, installation work is greatly simplified and can be done in a short time.

In the above embodiment, the case where the three-sided mirror and the corner cube prism are used as the reflection system to be combined with four has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and it is optically equivalent when formed by three planes orthogonal to each other. Anything will do.

Further, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, and each constituent element may be modified within a range not changing the gist of the present invention.

[0024]

As described above in detail with reference to the embodiments, the omnidirectional reflector of the present invention is formed by three planes perpendicular to each other that reflect incident waves within a solid angle of 90 degrees in parallel. Since the reflection system is constructed by providing four apexes at one point on the plane by matching the vertices, incident waves from all directions of a solid angle of 360 degrees with respect to one point on the plane are defined as the incident direction. Can be reflected in parallel.

With this arrangement, the plane of the omnidirectional reflector need only be installed facing the rangefinder side without considering the angle, and the installation can be facilitated.

Further, the installation point of the range finder is not limited, and it is not necessary to move the range finder, and measurement in a narrower space is possible.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of an embodiment of an omnidirectional reflector of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of another embodiment of the omnidirectional reflector of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory diagram of distance measurement according to an application example of the omnidirectional reflector of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic explanatory diagram of a reflector used for conventional distance measurement.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Omnidirectional Reflector 11 Plane (XY Surface) 12 Reflective System (Trihedral Mirror) 13 Reflective Surface (YZ Surface, ZX Surface) 20 Omnidirectional Reflector 21 Reflective System (Corner Cube Prism) 22 Corner Cube Prism 23 Plane P Measurement point Q, R One point on plane

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An omnidirectional reflector that reflects an incident wave incident from any direction on one point on a plane parallel to the incident direction, and mutually reflects incident waves within a solid angle of 90 degrees in parallel. An omnidirectional reflector, characterized in that four reflection systems formed by three planes at right angles are provided at one point on the plane with their apexes aligned.