JPH0777232A - Vibro-energy absorber for structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To stop any vibration in a structure speedily insofar as possible by absorbing the vibro-energy of this structure effectively with a simple means. CONSTITUTION:In a vibro-energy absorber being interposed between two sections in a structure, and damping the extent of accelerating force to be produced by an earthquake and a typhoon, such a ferreous alloyed member 4 as producing a stress-induced martensitic transformation by way of deformation after being added with external force, is interposed between a first member 2 to be connected to one side part and a second member 3 to be connected to the other part of the structure 1, or the ferreous alloy member producing this stress- induced martensitic transformation by being added with shearing deformation is interposed between them otherwise. Further differently, the ferreous alloy member producing the said martensitic transformation by way of adding bending deformation is interposed, whereby respective these ferreous alloy members and both these first and second members 2 and 3 are all engaged with one another.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention interposes between two parts of a structure, and as it is, energy is transmitted between two members, and energy that moves cyclically,
For example, the present invention relates to a vibration energy absorbing device for a structure that absorbs energy generated during an earthquake.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for the purpose of damping and earthquake-proofing a structure, a steel member may be installed between two parts of the structure also as an energy absorbing device (damper). As an example, as shown in FIG. 27, a vertical H-shaped member flange 52 and a vertical H-shaped member web member 51 are provided between the upper and lower beams 8 in the steel structure 1 including the steel columns 7 and the steel beams 8. A steel member 13 made of and is interposed and fixed, and when the structure 1 vibrates in the horizontal direction at the time of occurrence of an earthquake, the vertical H-shaped member web material 51 undergoes shear deformation to absorb energy. Known, and as shown in FIG.
A steel member 11 made of a steel plate with ribs extending in the beam longitudinal direction is interposed and fixed between the upper and lower beams 8 of the structure 1, and the steel member 11 undergoes shear deformation and absorbs energy when an earthquake occurs. Devices that do this are also known. Further, as shown in FIG. 29, a steel member 11 having an H-shaped cross section that extends in the vertical direction is interposed and fixed to the middle portion of the upper and lower beams 8 in the longitudinal direction, and the structure 1 vibrates in the horizontal direction. Steel member 11
There is also known a device for absorbing energy by causing shear deformation of the web of the above, and further, as shown in FIG. 30, over the central portion of the upper beam 8 and both sides of the lower beam 8 in the longitudinal direction, There is also known a device in which a pair of steel members 11 are interposed and fixed, and when an earthquake occurs, the steel members 11 are axially deformed to absorb energy.

[0003]

In the case of each of the energy absorbing devices described above, when the structure 1 vibrates during an earthquake or a typhoon, the structure 1 is subjected to cyclic repetitive loads. Since the performance depends on the characteristics of the steel material used as a damper, the durability, that is, the repeated performance up to fracture often has the same tendency as the fatigue fracture of ordinary steel materials. That is, as the deformation strain of the steel material increases, the number of repetitions leading to fracture decreases, and when the deformation strain advances and enters the plastic region,
Usually, the number of repetitions is significantly reduced. This relationship is shown in FIG. FIG. 31 shows the relationship between the number of repetitions until the fracture and the strain range as a result of the fatigue test of SS400. Therefore, for example, when the damper part of these energy absorbing devices sets the plasticization start time at the time of a small earthquake with a high frequency of occurrence, the energy absorption will be performed efficiently in response to the small earthquake. However, on the other hand, fatigue failure of the member becomes a problem due to repeated loading in the plastic region. At the same time, during a major earthquake,
Deformation strain becomes extremely large, which may cause fatigue fracture of the steel material, which makes it difficult to secure the safety of the structure 1. On the contrary, when the damper part of each energy absorbing device is set at the time of a large earthquake that is unlikely to cause the time to start plasticization, the possibility of fatigue fracture is reduced, but the energy absorption is small. Since it will not be performed at the time of an earthquake, the efficiency as a damper will deteriorate.

[0004]

In order to advantageously solve the above-mentioned problems, in the vibration energy absorbing device for a structure of the present invention, the device is inserted between two parts of the structure, and is protected by an earthquake or typhoon. In the vibration energy absorbing device for damping the generated acceleration force, between the first member 2 connected to one part of the structure 1 and the second member 3 connected to the other part of the structure 1. , An iron-based alloy member 4 that causes stress-induced martensitic transformation by applying an external force, or an iron-based alloy member 5 that causes stress-induced martensitic transformation by applying shear deformation is interposed. Alternatively, the iron-based alloy members 6 that cause stress-induced martensitic transformation by applying bending deformation are interposed, and the iron-based alloy members 4, 5, 6 and the first Engaging the timber 2 and the second member 3.

When an external force is applied to an alloy and the magnitude of the energy exceeds the elastic limit of the alloy, the alloy is plastically deformed. At that time, inside the alloy, the bonds between the atoms are broken, the slip deformation is accompanied by the movement of atoms more than one interatomic distance, the bonds between the atoms are not broken, and the crystal lattice is sheared to form another phase. Stress-induced martensitic transformation occurs. Comparing the two, in the former case, dislocation multiplication and their entanglement proceed with each deformation, which leads to fatigue failure of the alloy, whereas in the latter case, stress-induced transformation is preferential. In order to suppress the proliferation of dislocations to a low level, the higher energy absorption effect can be maintained even when the load of external force is similarly repeated. This is the reason why the alloy that causes stress-induced martensitic transformation is used in the present invention. There are various alloys that undergo stress-induced martensitic transformation, such as Ti-Ni alloys and Cu-based alloys, but iron-based alloys are preferable in view of economic efficiency and mass productivity. This is why the alloy used in the present invention is iron-based. Examples of iron-based alloys that cause stress-induced martensitic transformation include, for example, JP-A-61-766.
The Fe-Mn-Si based alloy disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 47 can be used. Specifically, the chemical composition of Mn is 20 to 30% and Si is 3.5 to 8 by mass.
%, With the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities, and on the basis of this alloy, Cr, Ni as necessary.
These elements are added to improve the characteristics. In the present alloy, it is possible to set the Ms point (martensitic transformation start temperature) to room temperature or lower by adjusting the alloy components. The alloy thus set easily undergoes stress-induced martensitic transformation, which is more effective in the present invention.

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A first embodiment of the invention of claim 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. Steel beams 8 fixed to the plurality of steel columns 7 by welding to the columns 7 at intervals in the vertical direction.
The steel structure 1 is constituted by and a pair of H-shaped cross sections in which the upper parts are inclined so that the upper parts approach each other on both sides in the longitudinal direction of the upper flange of the first member 2 composed of the lower beam 8. The lower end portion of the lower diagonal member 12 is fixed by welding, and H is attached to the central portion of the lower flange of the second member 3 including the upper beam 8.
An upper end portion of the upper vertical member 13 having a shaped cross section is fixed by welding, and a horizontal steel base plate 14 is fixed by welding to the lower end portion of the upper vertical member 13.

The upper end of an intermediate diagonal member 15 having an H-shaped cross section and arranged in an inverted V shape is fixed to the lower surface of the base plate 14 by welding, and the upper end of each lower diagonal member 12 and each intermediate diagonal member. The lower end of 15 is disposed so as to face each other, and the flange and the web of the lower diagonal member 12 and the flange and the web of the intermediate diagonal member 15 are tightened by a plurality of steel joint plates 16 and bolts 17. Are combined. The upper vertical member 13 is
Positions facing the iron-based alloy member 4 between the upper flange and the lower flange of the beam 8 that are formed by the iron-based alloy member 4 that causes stress-induced martensitic transformation by applying an external force to these to cause deformation. In, the reinforcing stiffener 28 is fixed by welding. Further, in this case, since the shear deformation is usually predominant, the same effect can be obtained even if only the web member 51 of the upper vertical member 13 is made of the iron-based alloy member that causes the stress-induced martensitic transformation.

Next, an embodiment of the invention of claim 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7. A steel lower mounting plate 18 extending in the longitudinal direction of the first member 2 is fixed by welding to the upper flange of the first member 2 composed of the lower beam 8 in the steel structure 1, and from the upper beam 8 A steel upper mounting plate 19 extending in the longitudinal direction of the second member 3 is fixed to the lower flange of the second member 3 by welding, and the lower mounting plate 18 and the upper mounting plate 19 are provided between the lower mounting plate 18 and the upper mounting plate 19. A vertical flat plate 20 extending in the longitudinal direction of the upper plate 18 and the upper mounting plate 19 and a flat plate 23 with ribs composed of a number of vertical ribs 21 and horizontal ribs 22 fixed by welding are arranged on both front and back surfaces of the vertical flat plate 20. .

Vertical plate 2 in the ribbed plate 23
The steel strip-shaped lower connecting plate 24 is arranged over both the front and back surfaces of the lower part of 0 and both the front and back surfaces of the lower mounting plate 18, and the steel strip-shaped lower connecting plate 24, the lower mounting plate 18, and the lower part of the vertical flat plate 20. The steel strip-shaped upper connecting plate 26 is arranged over both the front and back surfaces of the upper portion of the vertical flat plate 20 in the ribbed flat plate 23 and the front and back surfaces of the upper mounting plate 19 by being tightened and coupled by a large number of bolts 25. The upper connecting plate 26, the upper mounting plate 19, and the upper portion of the vertical flat plate 20 are fastened and coupled by a large number of bolts 27. The ribbed flat plate 23 is composed of an iron-based alloy member 5 that undergoes stress-induced martensitic transformation by applying shear deformation.

Next, an embodiment of the invention of claim 3 will be described with reference to FIGS. The lower end of the lower H-shaped member 29 is fixed by welding to the upper flange of the first member 2 composed of the lower beam 8 in the steel structure 1 at the central portion in the longitudinal direction of the first member 2. In the lower flange of the second member 3 composed of the upper beam 8 of the object 1, the upper H-shaped member 3 is provided at the center of the second member 3 in the longitudinal direction.
The upper end portion of 0 is fixed by welding, and the reinforcing stiffener 28 is inserted between the upper flange and the lower flange of the first member 2 including the lower beam 8 at a position facing the lower H-shaped member 29, and welding is performed. The reinforcing stiffener 28 is fitted between the upper flange and the lower flange of the second member 3 composed of the upper beam 8 at a position facing the upper H-shaped member 30 and fixed by welding.

An intermediate H-shaped member 31 having the same cross section as that of the lower H-shaped member 29 and the upper H-shaped member 30 is interposed between the lower H-shaped member 29 and the upper H-shaped member 30, and the lower H-shaped member 30. The upper portion of 29 and the lower portion of the intermediate H-shaped member 31 are tightened and coupled by a plurality of steel joint plates 32 and bolts 33, and the lower portion of the upper H-shaped member 30 and the upper portion of the intermediate H-shaped member 31 are , A plurality of steel joint plates 34 and bolts 35 are tightened and coupled. The lower part H
The iron-based alloy member 6 including the shaped member 29, the upper H-shaped member 30, and the intermediate H-shaped member 31 is formed of an iron-based alloy member that causes stress-induced martensitic transformation by applying deformation. Further, in this case, the same effect can be obtained even if only the intermediate H-shaped member 31 is an iron-based alloy member that causes stress-induced martensitic transformation. Further, even when the shear deformation is predominant, the effect can be obtained even when only the web material 53 is used as the iron-based alloy member that causes the stress-induced martensitic transformation.

Next, a second embodiment of the invention of claim 1 is shown in FIG.
Through FIG. 18. The lower ends of a pair of lower diagonal members 12 inclined so that the upper parts approach each other are fixed by welding to both sides in the longitudinal direction of the upper flange in the first member 2 made of the lower steel beam 8. The lower part of the second member 3 made of the steel beam 8 is inclined at the center of the lower flange in the longitudinal direction so that the lower parts are separated from each other.
The upper ends of the pair of upper diagonal members 36 are fixed by welding,
An intermediate diagonal member 37 is interposed between the lower diagonal member 12 and the upper diagonal member 36, and the upper portion of the lower diagonal member 12 and the lower portion of the intermediate diagonal member 37 include a plurality of steel joint plates 3.
2 and bolts 33, and the lower portion of the upper diagonal member 36 and the upper portion of the intermediate diagonal member 37 are tightly coupled by a plurality of steel joint plates 34 and bolts 35, and the lower diagonal member 12 and the upper diagonal member are joined. The iron-based alloy member 4 including 36 and the intermediate diagonal member 37 is configured by an iron-based alloy member that causes stress-induced martensitic transformation by applying an external force to the iron-based alloy member 4 to cause deformation, but other configurations are This is similar to the case of the first embodiment of the invention of claim 1. Further, in this case, the same effect can be obtained even if only the intermediate slanting member 37 is an iron-based alloy member that causes stress-induced martensitic transformation.

FIGS. 19 to 26 show another embodiment of the present invention, in which a foundation 39 for supporting a seismic isolation structure is constructed on the ground 38, and a plurality of laminated rubber bearings 41 are constructed by the foundation 39. The seismic isolation structure 40 is supported via, the steel first member 2 is fixed to the central upper portion of the foundation 39, and the steel second member 3 is fixed to the central lower portion of the seismic isolation structure 40.
The lower portion of the steel rod 42 having a circular or rectangular cross section is fixed to the first member 2, and the upper portion of the steel rod 42 is inserted into the downward opening portion 43 of the second member 3 to form the steel rod 42. As for the stress-induced martensitic transformation, an iron-based alloy member that causes stress-induced martensitic transformation by applying an external force to this is used, or a stress-induced martensitic transformation is performed by applying shear deformation to the steel rod 42. Using an iron-based alloy member that causes
An iron-based alloy member that causes stress-induced martensitic transformation by applying bending deformation to 2 is used.

When an earthquake occurs, the steel bar 42 is bent and deformed as the seismic isolation structure 40 horizontally deforms. By using an iron-based alloy that causes stress-induced martensitic transformation as the steel rod 42, deformation due to the stress-induced martensitic transformation occurs in small earthquakes and slip deformation in the steel rod 42 occurs in large earthquakes. By generating each, a vibration energy absorbing device having high fatigue resistance can be obtained.

In the vibration energy absorbing device for a structure according to the present invention, the first member 2 and the second member 3 of the structure 1 are
Iron-based alloys that undergo a transformation to the stress-induced martensite used in the damper part of the vibration energy absorber when they displace relative to each other and generate strain are slip deformations that occur during plastic deformation of ordinary metal materials. When the stress-induced martensitic transformation occurs preferentially over the deformation strain and the strain is smaller than a certain magnitude, only the martensite phase is generated to absorb the strain. Further, since the part where the martensite phase has once hardened is harder than that before the transformation, when an external force is applied again, a new martensite phase is formed in the part where the martensite phase was not formed by the previous deformation. And absorb the deformation strain. 21 to 24 show the above-described state, and as shown in FIG.
When a horizontal external force 45 is applied to the left upper end of the above and a horizontal external force 46 is applied to the right lower end of the iron-based alloy member 44, a shear-deformed martensite phase 47 is generated and then the 23, when a horizontal external force 48 is applied to the right upper end of the iron-based alloy member 44 and a horizontal external force 49 is applied to the left lower end of the iron-based alloy member 44, as shown in FIG. A new martensite phase 50 shear-deformed in a direction different from 47 is newly formed.

Moreover, the strain absorbing mechanism as described above is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5, it does not occur when an ordinary metal material is repeatedly plastically deformed, and the minimum value of the external force that can be absorbed, that is, the minimum value of energy is gradually increased.
Even at around 3%, as shown in FIG. 26, stable expression is exerted against an almost constant external force, that is, energy, and along with that, excellent fatigue resistance is obtained.

On the other hand, when a large deformation strain of more than 5% is applied at one time, a martensite phase is first generated in the process of deformation, and then slip deformation occurs,
After deformation, the inside of the alloy is almost the same as when plastically deforming a normal metal material, and although the above repeated performance cannot be expected, it is possible to secure seismic performance equivalent to normal steel material.

The vibration energy absorbing device according to the present invention comprises:
By applying such deformation strain (energy) absorption mechanism, the vibration energy of the structure is absorbed to suppress the vibration. Therefore, the magnitude of the strain that is carried only by the martensitic transformation property of the iron-based alloy used. To clarify
Based on that, excellent performance can be obtained by designing the vibration energy absorbing device.

For example, in the case of Fe-28Mn-6Si-5Cr steel, which is one of the above-mentioned iron-based alloys, the deformation is entirely carried out by the stress-induced martensitic transformation up to a strain of about 5%. With the strain of the above magnitude, slip deformation is gradually introduced. Therefore, when the iron-based alloy is used, the deformation strain of the damper portion corresponding to frequent small earthquakes is 2.5%, which is half of 5%, and the deformation of the building or structure is reduced. If the deformation strain corresponding to a huge earthquake that is unlikely to occur during construction is set to around 5%, stress-induced martensitic transformation with good fatigue resistance can be used in the case of frequent small earthquakes. , It mainly absorbs energy, and in the case of extremely small earthquakes, it can deal with slip deformation.
This makes it possible to absorb energy from small earthquakes to huge earthquakes and reduce the possibility of fatigue failure. That is, the safety of the structure can be improved.

[0020]

According to the present invention, in a vibration energy absorption device which is inserted between two parts of a structure and damps the acceleration force generated by an earthquake or a typhoon, it is connected to one part of the structure 1. An iron-based alloy member that causes stress-induced martensitic transformation by applying an external force between the first member 2 and the second member 3 that is coupled to the other portion of the structure 1 to cause deformation. 4 is interposed, or an iron-based alloy member 5 that causes a stress-induced martensitic transformation by applying shear deformation is interposed, or an iron-based alloy member 6 that causes a stress-induced martensitic transformation by applying bending deformation is used. Since the iron-based alloy members 4, 5, 6 are engaged with each other and the first member 2 and the second member 3 are engaged with each other, the vibration energy of the structure can be obtained by a simple means. By effectively absorbing, it can be stopped quickly vibration of the structure. Further, in the case of the present invention, since the iron-based alloy members 4, 5 and 6 are used, the material thereof is an iron-based alloy having high strength among metal materials,
For example, the yield strength can be increased to about 200 MPa or more, and thus a small vibration energy absorption device can be used to provide a large energy absorption amount and yield strength, and when joining with the steel structure 1, It is economical because it is possible to easily adopt bolt joining or welding joining and the raw material cost is low.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a vibration energy absorbing device for a structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing a part of FIG. 1 in an enlarged manner.

3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.

5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a front view showing a vibration energy absorbing device for a structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

7 is a vertical side view of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a front view showing a vibration energy absorbing device for a structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

9 is a front view showing a part of FIG. 8 in an enlarged manner. FIG.

FIG. 10 is an enlarged front view showing the lower portion of FIG.

11 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD of FIG.

12 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line EE of FIG.

FIG. 13 is a front view showing a vibration energy absorbing device for a structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

14 is a front view showing a part of FIG. 13 in an enlarged manner. FIG.

FIG. 15 is an enlarged front view showing the lower left portion of FIG.

16 is an enlarged front view showing the left-side middle portion of FIG.

FIG. 17 is a sectional view taken along line FF in FIG.

18 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line GG of FIG.

FIG. 19 is a partially longitudinal front view showing a vibration energy absorbing device for structures according to another embodiment of the present invention.

20 is a partially longitudinal front view showing a state where the seismic isolation structure of FIG. 19 vibrates.

FIG. 21 is a front view showing a state in which horizontal external force is applied to the upper end portion and the lower end portion of the iron-based alloy member to cause shear deformation.

FIG. 22 is a front view showing a state where the iron-based alloy member is shear-deformed.

23 is a front view showing a state in which a horizontal external force in the opposite direction is applied to the upper end portion and the lower end portion of the iron-based alloy member in order to perform shear deformation in the direction opposite to that in the case of FIG. 21.

FIG. 24 is a front view showing a state where the iron-based alloy member is shear-deformed in the opposite direction.

FIG. 25 is a diagram showing a state in which a metal material is repeatedly plastically deformed.

FIG. 26 is a diagram showing a state in which an almost constant external force is stably expressed.

FIG. 27 is a front view showing a conventional vibration energy absorbing device of a first example.

FIG. 28 is a front view showing a vibration energy absorbing device of a second conventional example.

FIG. 29 is a front view showing a vibration energy absorbing device of a third conventional example.

FIG. 30 is a front view showing a vibration energy absorbing device of a fourth conventional example.

FIG. 31 is a diagram showing the relationship between the number of repetitions until fracture and the strain range.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Structure 2 1st member 3 2nd member 4 Iron-based alloy member 5 Iron-based alloy member 6 Iron-based alloy member 7 Pillar 8 Beam 9 Flange 10 Web 11 Steel member 12 Lower diagonal member 13 Upper vertical member 14 Base plate 15 Middle Diagonal member 16 Steel joint plate 17 Bolt 18 Lower mounting plate 19 Upper mounting plate 20 Vertical flat plate 21 Vertical rib 22 Horizontal rib 23 Flat plate with ribs 24 Steel strip lower connecting plate 25 Bolt 26 Steel strip upper connecting plate 27 Bolt 28 Reinforcement Stiffener 29 Lower H-shaped member 30 Upper H-shaped member 31 Intermediate H-shaped member 32 Steel joint plate 33 Bolt 34 Steel joint plate 35 Bolt 36 Upper diagonal member 37 Intermediate diagonal member 38 Ground 39 Foundation 40 Seismic isolation structure 41 Laminated rubber Support 42 Steel rod 43 Downward opening 44 Iron-based alloy member 45 Horizontal external force 46 Horizontal external force 47 Martensite phase 48 horizontal force 49 horizontal force 50 martensite phase 51 vertical H-shaped member web material 52 vertical H-shaped member flange member 53 the web material 54 web material

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A vibration energy absorbing device which is inserted between two parts of a structure and which damps acceleration forces generated by an earthquake or a typhoon, and a first member 2 which is connected to one part of the structure 1. And the second member 3 coupled to the other part of the structure 1 with an iron-based alloy member 4 that causes stress-induced martensitic transformation by causing deformation by applying an external force, and A vibration energy absorbing device for a structure in which an iron-based alloy member 4 is engaged with the first member 2 and the second member 3. 2. A vibration energy absorbing device which is inserted between two parts of a structure and damps acceleration forces generated by an earthquake or a typhoon, and a first member 2 which is connected to one part of the structure 1. And the second member 3 coupled to the other part of the structure 1 are interposed with an iron-based alloy member 5 that causes stress-induced martensitic transformation by applying shear deformation. 5. A vibration energy absorbing device for a structure, in which 5 is engaged with the first member 2 and the second member 3. 3. A vibration energy absorbing device that is inserted between two parts of a structure and damps acceleration forces generated by an earthquake or a typhoon, and a first member 2 that is connected to one part of the structure 1. And the second member 3 coupled to the other part of the structure 1 are interposed with an iron-based alloy member 6 that causes stress-induced martensitic transformation by applying bending deformation. 6 and the first
A vibration energy absorbing device for a structure in which the member 2 and the second member 3 are engaged.