JPH0776543A - Liquid crystal compound, liquid crystal composition containing the compound, liquid crystal element containing the composition and displaying method and display device using the element - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a liquid crystal compound having quick response and high contrast and effective for decreasing the temperature dependency of the response speed. CONSTITUTION:A compound of the formula I [R1 and R2 are H, halogen, CN or 1-20C alkyl (one or more CH2 groups may be substituted with O, S, CO, CH=CH, etc., provided that hetero atoms are not adjacent to each other, or H atom may be substituted with F atom) ; at least one of R1 and R2 is group of the formula II ((m), (n), (p) and (q) are 1-15 and the sum is 518; Y1 is single bond, O, CO, COO, CidenticalC, etc.); A1 is A2, A2 X1 A3 Of A2-X1-A3 X2-A4; A2 to A4 are 1,4-phenylene, pyridine-2,5-diyl, pyrimidine-2,5-diyl, 1,4-cyclohexylene, etc.; X1 and X2 are single bond, COO, OCO, CH2O, CH2CH2, CH=CH, CidenticalC, etc.], e.g., 5-decyl-2-{4-(8, 8, 9, 9, 10, 10-heptafluoro-3, 6-dioxadecyloxy) phenyl}pyrimidine.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

The present invention relates to a novel liquid crystalline compound,
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a liquid crystal composition containing the same, a liquid crystal element using the same, and a display device, and more specifically, a novel liquid crystal composition having improved response characteristics to an electric field, a liquid crystal display element using the same, a liquid crystal-optical shutter, and the like. And a display device using the liquid crystal element for display.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, liquid crystals have been applied as electro-optical elements in various fields. Most of the liquid crystal elements currently in practical use are, for example, M. Sch.
adt) and W. Helfri
ch) "Applied Physics Letters"
("Applied Physics Letter
s ") Vol. 18, No. 4 (1971.2.15)
P. 127-128 "Voltage Depend"
ent Optical Activity of a
Twisted Nematic Liquid Cr
TN (Twisted Nem)
atic) type liquid crystal is used.

These are based on the dielectric alignment effect of liquid crystals, and utilize the effect that the average molecular axis direction is directed in a specific direction by an applied electric field due to the dielectric anisotropy of liquid crystal molecules. The optical response speed limit of these devices is said to be milliseconds, which is too slow for many applications.

On the other hand, in the application to a large flat display, the simple matrix drive is the most effective in consideration of price, productivity and the like. The simple matrix method employs an electrode configuration in which a scan electrode group and a signal electrode group are arranged in a matrix, and in order to drive the scan electrode group, an address signal is sequentially and selectively selected and applied to the scan electrode group. Employs a time-division drive system in which a predetermined information signal is synchronized with an address signal and selectively applied in parallel.

However, when the above-mentioned TN type liquid crystal is adopted for the element of such a driving system, the scan electrode is selected and the signal electrode is not selected, or the scan electrode is not selected and the signal electrode is selected. An electric field is applied to a finite amount (so-called "half selection point").

If the difference between the voltage applied to the selection point and the voltage applied to the half selection point is sufficiently large and the voltage threshold value required to align the liquid crystal molecules perpendicularly to the electric field is set to an intermediate voltage value, The display element works normally,
When the number of scanning lines (N) is increased, the whole screen (1
The time (duty ratio) in which an effective electric field is applied to one selection point during scanning of a frame decreases at a rate of 1 / N.

For this reason, the voltage difference as the effective value applied to the selected point and the non-selected point in the case of repeating scanning is
As the number of scanning lines increases, the number becomes smaller, and as a result, lowering of image contrast and crosstalk are inevitable drawbacks.

Such a phenomenon is caused by a liquid crystal having no bistability (a stable state in which liquid crystal molecules are aligned horizontally with respect to an electrode surface, and a vertical state only while an electric field is effectively applied). This is an essentially unavoidable problem that occurs when driving (that is, repeatedly scanning) using the temporal accumulation effect.

In order to improve this point, the voltage averaging method, 2
The frequency drive method and the multi-matrix method have already been proposed, but none of them is sufficient, and the increase in the screen size and the density of the display element are stopped because the number of scanning lines cannot be increased sufficiently. This is the current situation.

In order to improve the drawbacks of the conventional liquid crystal device, the use of a liquid crystal device having bistability is explained by Clark and Lagerwell.
11) (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 56-10721).
6 gazette, US Pat. No. 4,367,924, etc.). Ferroelectric liquid crystals having a chiral smectic C phase (SmC ^* phase) or H phase (SmH ^* phase) are generally used as the bistable liquid crystal.

This ferroelectric liquid crystal has a bistable state consisting of a first optical stable state and a second optical stable state with respect to an electric field, and therefore the optical modulation used in the above-mentioned TN type liquid crystal. Unlike the element, for example, the liquid crystal is oriented in the first optically stable state with respect to one electric field vector, and the liquid crystal is oriented in the second optically stable state with respect to the other electric field vector. Further, this type of liquid crystal has a property (bistability) of taking one of the two stable states described above in response to an applied electric field and maintaining that state when no electric field is applied.

In addition to the above-mentioned characteristic of having bistability, the ferroelectric liquid crystal has an excellent characteristic of high-speed response. This is because the spontaneous polarization of the ferroelectric liquid crystal and the applied electric field act directly to induce the transition of the alignment state.
It is 3 to 4 orders faster than the response speed due to the effect of the dielectric anisotropy and the electric field.

As described above, the ferroelectric liquid crystal potentially has extremely excellent characteristics, and by utilizing such characteristics, many of the problems of the conventional TN type element described above are solved. A fairly substantial improvement is obtained. In particular, it is expected to be applied to high-speed optical optical shutters, high-density, large-screen displays. For this reason, there has been extensive research on ferroelectric liquid crystal materials, but the ferroelectric liquid crystal materials that have been developed to date are sufficient for use in liquid crystal devices, including low-temperature operating characteristics, high-speed response, and contrast. It is hard to say that it has such characteristics.

Between the response time r, the magnitude Ps of spontaneous polarization and the viscosity η, the following equation [1]

[0015]

[Equation 1] (However, E is the applied electric field.)

Therefore, in order to increase the response speed, there are methods of (a) increasing the magnitude Ps of spontaneous polarization (b) decreasing the viscosity η (c) increasing the applied electric field E.

However, the applied electric field has an upper limit because it is driven by an IC or the like, and it is desirable that the applied electric field be as low as possible. Therefore, it is actually necessary to reduce the viscosity η or increase the value of the spontaneous polarization magnitude Ps.

Generally, in a ferroelectric chiral smectic liquid crystal compound having a large spontaneous polarization, the internal electric field of the cell caused by the spontaneous polarization is also large, and there is a tendency that there are many restrictions on the device structure capable of assuming a bistable state. Further, even if the spontaneous polarization is unnecessarily increased, the viscosity tends to increase accordingly, and as a result, the response speed may not be so fast.

When the operating temperature range of the actual display is, for example, about 5 to 40 ° C., the response speed generally changes about 20 times, which exceeds the limit of adjustment by the drive voltage and frequency. The current situation.

In general, in the case of a liquid crystal element utilizing the birefringence of liquid crystal, the transmittance under the crossed Nicols is expressed by the following formula [2].

[0021]

[Equation 2] In the formula [2], I ₀ is the incident light intensity, I is the transmitted light intensity, θ
_a is the apparent tilt angle defined below, Δn is the refractive index anisotropy, d is the thickness of the liquid crystal layer, and λ is the wavelength of the incident light.

The tilt angle θ _a in the above-mentioned non-helical structure
Will appear as the angle in the average molecular axis direction of the twisted liquid crystal molecules in the first and second alignment states.
According to the equation [2], the apparent tilt angle θ _a is 22.5.
The maximum transmittance is obtained at an angle of °, and the tilt angle θ _a in the non-helical structure that realizes the bistability needs to be as close as possible to 22.5 °.

However, when it is applied to the ferroelectric liquid crystal having a non-helical structure exhibiting the bistability announced by Clark and Lagerwall, it has the following problems and causes a decrease in contrast. Has become.

First, the apparent tilt angle θ _a in the ferroelectric liquid crystal having a non-helical structure obtained by orienting with a conventional rubbing-treated polyimide film (the angle formed by the molecular axes of two stable states is 1 / 2) is the tilt angle in the ferroelectric liquid crystal (angle θ that is 1/2 the apex angle of the triangular pyramid shown in FIG. 4 described later)
Since it is smaller than that, the transmittance is low.

Secondly, even if the contrast is high in the static state in which no electric field is applied, when driving display is performed by applying a voltage, liquid crystal molecules fluctuate due to a slight electric field in the non-selection period in matrix driving, and thus black is produced. It becomes pale.

As described above, in order to put the ferroelectric liquid crystal device into practical use, a liquid crystal composition having a chiral smectic phase having a high-speed response, a small temperature dependence of the response speed, and a high contrast. Is required.

Further, the spontaneous polarization of the liquid crystal composition, the chiral smectic C pitch, the cholesteric pitch, and the temperature at which the liquid crystal phase is taken for uniform switching of the display, good viewing angle characteristics, low temperature storage stability, and reduction of load on the driving IC. It is necessary to optimize the range, optical anisotropy, tilt angle, dielectric anisotropy and the like.

[0028]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to have a high response speed, reduce its temperature dependence, and increase the contrast so that the above-mentioned ferroelectric liquid crystal device can be put to practical use. To provide a liquid crystal compound effective for use in liquid crystal, a liquid crystal composition containing the same, particularly a ferroelectric chiral smectic liquid crystal composition, a liquid crystal device using the liquid crystal composition, and a display method and a display device using the same. It is in.

[0029]

The present invention has the following general formula (I):

[0030]

Embedded image R ₁ -A ₁ -R ₂ (I)

[Wherein R ₁ and R ₂ are hydrogen atoms, halogens,
CN represents a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. However, one or more —CH ₂ — in the alkyl group is —O—, —S—, —CO—, —CH (C) under the condition that hetero atoms are not adjacent to each other.
N)-, -CH = CH-, -C≡C- may be substituted, and the hydrogen atom in the alkyl group may be substituted by a fluorine atom. However, at least one of R ₁ and R ₂ is

[0032]

_{Embedded image} C _m F _{2m + 1} (CH ₂ ) _n O (CH ₂ ) _p O (CH ₂ ) _q —Y ₁ —

Is shown. m, n, p and q are m + n + p + q
It is an integer from 1 to 15 provided that ≦ 18 is satisfied. Y ₁ is a single bond, —O—, —CO—, —COO.
-, -OCO-, -CH = CH-, and -C≡C- are shown.
A ₁ is _{-A 2 -, - A 2 -X} 1 -A 3 -, - A 2 -X 1
-A ₃ -X ₂ -A ₄ - _{indicates, A 2, A 3, A} 4 is unsubstituted or F _{independently, Cl, Br, CH 3,} C
1,4-phenylene having 1 or 2 substituents selected from F ₃ or CN, pyridine-2,5-diyl,
Pyrimidine-2,5-diyl, pyrazine-2,5-diyl, pyridazine-3,6-diyl, 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,3-dioxane-2,5-diyl, 1,3
-Dithian-2,5-diyl, thiophene-2,5-diyl, thiazole-2,5-diyl, thiadiazole-
2,5-diyl, benzoxazole-2,5-diyl, benzoxazole-2,6-diyl, benzothiazole-2,5-diyl, benzothiazole-2,6-
Diyl, quinoxaline-2,6-diyl, quinoline-
2,6-diyl, 2,6-naphthylene, indane-2,
5-diyl, 2-alkylindan-2,5-diyl (the alkyl group is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms), indanone-2,6-diyl, 2-alkylin Danone-2,6-diyl (the alkyl group is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms), coumarane-2,5-diyl, 2-alkylcoumarane-2,5-diyl (The alkyl group is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms). X ₁ and X ₂ are single bonds, —COO—,
_{-OCO -, - CH 2 O -} , - OCH 2 -, - CH 2 C
_{H 2 -, - CH = CH} -, - is C≡C-. This liquid crystalline compound is a non-optically active compound. ]

A liquid crystal compound represented by the formula, a liquid crystal composition containing at least one of the liquid crystal compounds, a liquid crystal element in which the liquid crystal composition is arranged between a pair of electrode substrates, and a display using them. A method and a display device are provided.

Among the liquid crystalline compounds represented by the above general formula (I), preferable compounds are (Ia) to (Ic) from the viewpoints of temperature range of liquid crystal phase, miscibility, viscosity, orientation and the like.

(Ia) A ₁ represents -A _2- , A ₂ is unsubstituted or has 1 or 2 substituents selected from F, Cl, Br, CH ₃ , CF ₃ or CN. , 4
-Phenylene, 1,4-cyclohexylene, quinoxaline-2,6-diyl, quinoline-2,6-diyl, 2,
A liquid crystal compound selected from 6-naphthylene.

(Ib) A ₁ represents —A ₂ —X ₁ —A ₃ — and at least one of A ₂ and A ₃ is unsubstituted or selected from F, Cl, Br, CH ₃ , CF ₃ or CN. 1,4-phenylene having 1 or 2 substituents
A liquid crystal compound selected from 1,4-cyclohexylene, pyridine-2,5-diyl and pyrimidine-2,5-diyl.

(Ic) A ₁ is -A ₂ -X ₁ -A ₃ -X
_2- A ₄ —, at least one of A ₂ , A ₃ and A ₄ is unsubstituted or has 1 or 2 substituents selected from F, Cl, Br, CH ₃ , CF ₃ or CN. Have 1,
4-phenylene, the rest being unsubstituted or F, C
1,4-phenylene having 1 or 2 substituents selected from 1, Br, CH ₃ , CF ₃ or CN, pyridine-2,5-diyl, pyrimidine-2,5-diyl,
1,4-cyclohexylene, thiazole-2,5-diyl, thiadiazole-2,5-diyl, indane-2,
A liquid crystal compound selected from 5-diyl and coumarane-2,5-diyl.

More preferred compounds (Iba) to
(Ice). (Iba) A ₁ represents -A ₂ -X ₁ -A _3- ,
A ₂ and A ₃ are both unsubstituted or F, Cl, Br, CH
1,4-phenylene having 1 or 2 substituents selected from ₃ , CF ₃ or CN, X ₁ is a single bond,
_{-COO -, - CH 2 O -} , - CH 2 CH 2 -, - C≡
A liquid crystal compound which is C-.

(Ibb) A ₁ is -A ₂ -X ₁ -A _3-
, A ₂ is unsubstituted or F, Cl, Br, C
1,4-phenylene having 1 or 2 substituents selected from H ₃ , CF ₃ or CN, A ₃ is pyridine-2,5-diyl, pyrimidine-2,5-diyl, pyrazine- 2,5-diyl, pyridazine-3,6-diyl, 1,4-cyclohexylene, thiophene-2,5-
Diyl, thiazole-2,5-diyl, thiadiazole-2,5-diyl, benzoxazole-2,5-diyl, benzothiazole-2,6-diyl, quinoxaline-2,6-diyl, quinoline-2,6- Jill, 2,6
-Naphthylene, indane-2,5-diyl, coumaran-
A liquid crystal compound selected from 2,5-diyl, wherein X ₁ is a single bond.

(Ibc) A ₁ is -A ₂ -X ₁ -A _3-
, A ₂ is pyridine-2,5-diyl, A ₃
Is selected from 1,4-cyclohexylene, 2,6-naphthylene, indane-2,5-diyl and coumarane-2,5-diyl, and X ₁ is a liquid crystal compound having a single bond.

(Ibd) A ₁ is -A ₂ -X ₁ -A _3-
, A ₂ is pyrimidine-2,5-diyl, and A _2
3 is 1,4-cyclohexylene, 2,6-naphthylene,
A liquid crystal compound selected from indane-2,5-diyl and coumarane-2,5-diyl, wherein X ₁ is a single bond.

(Ica) A ₁ is -A ₂ -X ₁ -A _3-
X ₂ —A ₄ —, wherein A ₂ , A ₃ and A _{4 each} are unsubstituted or have 1 or 2 substituents selected from F, Cl, Br, CH ₃ , CF ₃ or CN. , 4-phenylene, and at least one of X ₁ and X ₂ is a single bond.

(Icb) A ₁ is -A ₂ -X ₁ -A _3-
X ₂ —A ₄ —, _two of A ₂ , A ₃ and A ₄ are unsubstituted or F, Cl, Br, CH ₃ , CF ₃ or CN
1,4-phenylene having 1 or 2 substituents selected from the following, the remaining one being pyridine-2,5-diyl, pyrimidine-2,5-diyl, 1,4-cyclohexylene, thiazole- 2,5-diyl, thiadiazole-
A liquid crystal compound selected from 2,5-diyl, indane-2,5-diyl and coumarane-2,5-diyl, wherein X ₁ and X ₂ are single bonds.

(Icc) A ₁ is -A ₂ -X ₁ -A _3-
X ₂ —A ₄ —, A ₂ is pyridine-2,5-diyl, A ₃ is unsubstituted or F, Cl, Br, CH ₃ , C
1,4-phenylene having 1 or 2 substituents selected from F ₃ or CN, A ₄ is unsubstituted or F or C
1,4-phenylene having 1 or 2 substituents selected from 1, Br, CH ₃ , CF ₃ or CN, 1,4
-Cyclohexylene, thiophene-2,5-diyl, indane-2,5-diyl, X ₁ is a single bond, X _{1
2 -OCO -, - OCH 2 -,} - CH 2 CH 2 - in which the liquid crystal compound.

(Icd) A ₁ is -A ₂ -X ₁ -A _3-
X ₂ —A ₄ —, A ₂ is pyrimidine-2,5-diyl, A ₃ is unsubstituted or F, Cl, Br, CH ₃ , C
1,4-phenylene having 1 or 2 substituents selected from F ₃ or CN, A ₄ is unsubstituted or F or C
1,4-phenylene having 1 or 2 substituents selected from 1, Br, CH ₃ , CF ₃ or CN, 1,4
-Cyclohexylene, thiophene-2,5-diyl, indane-2,5-diyl, X ₁ is a single bond, X _{1
2 -OCO -, - OCH 2 -,} - CH 2 CH 2 - in which the liquid crystal compound.

(Ice) A ₁ is -A ₂ -X ₁ -A _3-
X ₂ —A ₄ —, A ₂ is 1,4-cyclohexylene, A ₃ is unsubstituted or F, Cl, Br, CH ₃ , C
1,4-phenylene having 1 or 2 substituents selected from F ₃ or CN, A ₄ is unsubstituted or F or C
1,4-phenylene having 1 or 2 substituents selected from 1, Br, CH ₃ , CF ₃ or CN, 1,4
-Cyclohexylene, thiophene-2,5-diyl, indane-2,5-diyl, X ₁ is a single bond, X _{1
2 -OCO -, - OCH 2 -,} - CH 2 CH 2 - in which the liquid crystal compound.

When 1,4-phenylene having one or two substituents is present in the liquid crystal compound represented by the general formula (I), preferable substituents are F, Cl, Br and C.
F ₃ and more preferably F.

_One of R ₁ and R ₂ of the liquid crystal compound represented by the general formula (I) is (i) below, and the other is preferably selected from (i) to (vii).

[0050]

[Chemical 11]

(Where a is an integer from 1 to 16, m is an integer from 1 to 12, n and p are integers from 1 to 5, d, g and i are integers from 0 to 7, p, b and e) , H is an integer from 1 to 10,
f represents 0 or 1. However, m + n + p + q ≦ 15, b
The conditions of + d ≦ 16, e + f + g ≦ 16, and h + i ≦ 16 are satisfied. Y ₁ is a single bond, —O—, —COO—, —OCO
-Indicates. It is non-optically active. )

Next, an example of a method for synthesizing the liquid crystal compound represented by the general formula (I) will be shown.

[0053]

[Chemical 12]

(TsCl represents p-toluenesulfonic acid chloride. M, n, p, q, A ₁ and R ₂ are in accordance with the above general formula.)

Next, Tables 1 to 16 show specific structural formulas of the liquid crystal compounds represented by formula (I). Hereinafter, the abbreviations used in the present invention represent the following groups.

[0056]

[Chemical 13]

[0057]

[Chemical 14]

[0058]

[Table 1]

[0059]

[Table 2]

[0060]

[Table 3]

[0061]

[Table 4]

[0062]

[Table 5]

[0063]

[Table 6]

[0064]

[Table 7]

[0065]

[Table 8]

[0066]

[Table 9]

[0067]

[Table 10]

[0068]

[Table 11]

[0069]

[Table 12]

[0070]

[Table 13]

[0071]

[Table 14]

[0072]

[Table 15]

[0073]

[Table 16]

The liquid crystal composition of the present invention can be obtained by mixing at least one liquid crystal compound represented by the general formula (I) with at least one other liquid crystal compound in an appropriate ratio. The number of other liquid crystal compounds used in combination is 1 to 5
The range is 0, preferably 1 to 30, and more preferably 3 to 30.

The liquid crystal composition according to the present invention is preferably a ferroelectric liquid crystal composition, particularly a ferroelectric chiral smectic liquid crystal composition.

Other liquid crystal compounds used in the present invention are disclosed in JP-A-4-272989 (23) to (39).
Compounds (III) to (XII), preferred compounds (IIIa) to (XIId), and more preferred compounds (IIIaa) to (XIIdb) described on the page are mentioned. In addition, compounds (III) to (VI), preferred compounds (I
IIa) to (VIf), more preferred compounds (IIIa
a) to (VIfa), at least one of R ′ ₁ and R ′ ₂ is also compound (VII), (VIII), preferred compound (VIIa) to (VIIIb), more preferred compound (VIIIba), (VIIIbb). R _'3, R' at least one of _4, and the compound (IX)
~ (XII), preferred compounds (IXa) to (XII)
d), more preferred compounds (IXba), (XIId
in _{b) R '5, R'} 6 of at least one of - (CH
_{2) E C G F 2G +} 1 (E: 0~10, G: can be used as well compounds 1 to 15 integer). Furthermore,
Liquid crystal compounds represented by the following general formulas (XIII) to (XVIII) can also be used.

[0077]

Embedded image R ′₇-[Py2] -X '₇-[Ph] -X '₈-([PhY '₇]))_N-[Tn] -R ' ₈ (XIII) R '₇-[Py2]-[Ph] -OCO- [Ph4F] (XIV) R '₇-[Py2]-[Ph] -OCO- [Ph34F] (XV) R '₇-([PhY '₇]))_Q-[Tz1]-[PhY '₈] -X '₇-([PhY '₉])_R-([Cy])_T-R '₈ (XVI) R '₇-[Bo2] -A '_Four-R '₈ (XVII) R '₇-[Bt2] -A '_Four-R '₈ (XVIII)

[0078] wherein R _'7, R' ₈ is 1 the number hydrogen or C
To 18 linear or branched alkyl groups, one or two or more non-adjacent —CH in the alkyl group.
_2- is -O-, -CO unless hetero atoms are adjacent to each other.
-, - CH (CN) - , - C (CN) (CH 3) -, may be replaced by. Further, the hydrogen atom in the alkyl group may be replaced with a fluorine atom.

[0079] Furthermore, R _'7, R' ₈ is preferably i below) ~
viii).

I) a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms

[0081]

[Chemical 16] p: 0-5, q: 2-11 integer optically active

[0082]

[Chemical 17] r: 0 to 6, s: 0 or 1, t: 1 to 14 integer optically active

[0083]

[Chemical 18] w: 1 to 15 integer Optically active

[0084]

[Chemical 19] A: 0 to 2, B: 1 to 15 integer Optically active

[0085]

[Chemical 120] C: 0 to 2, D: 1 to 15 integer Optically active

Vii)-(CH ₂ ) _E C _G F _{2G + 1} E: 0-10, G: 1-15 integer

[0087] viii) -H N, Q, R , T: 0 or _{1 Y '7, Y' 8} , Y '9: H
Or _{F A '4: Ph, Np} X' 7, X '8: single bond, -COO
-, - OCO -, - CH 2 O -, - OCH 2 -

Preferred compounds of (XIII) are (X
IIIa).

[0089]

Embedded image _{R '7 - [Py2] -} [Ph] -OCO- [Tn] -R' 8 (XIIIa)

Preferred compounds of (XVI) are (XV
Ia) and (XVIb).

[0091]

Embedded image _{R '7 - [Tz1] -} [Ph] -R' 8 (XVIa) R '7 - [PhY' 7] - [Tz1] - [PhY '8] -R' 8 (XVIb)

Preferred compounds of (XVII) are (X
VIIa) and (XVIIb).

[0093]

Embedded image _{R '7 - [Boa2] -} [Ph] -O-R' 8 (XVIIa) R '7 - [Boa2] - [Np] -O-R' 8 (XVIIb)

Preferred compounds of (XVIII) include (XVIIIa) to (XVIIIc).

[0095]

Embedded image _{R '7 - [Btb2] -} [Ph] -R' 8 (XVIIIa) R '7 - [Btb2] - [Ph] -O-R' 8 (XVIIIb) R '7 - [Btb2] - [Np] -OR ' ₈ (XVIIIc)

Preferred compounds of (XVIa) and (XVIb) include (XVIba) to (XVIbc).

[0097]

Embedded image _{R '7 - [Tz1] -} [Ph] -O-R' 8 (XVIaa) R '7 - [Ph] - [Tz1] - [Ph] -R' 8 (XVIba) R '7 - [Ph] - [Tz1] - [Ph] -O-R '8 (XVIbb) R' 7 - [Ph] - [Tz1] - [Ph] -OCO-R '8 (XVIbc)

Ph, Py2, Tn, Tz1, Cy, N
Abbreviations for p, Boa2, and Btb2 are in accordance with the above definitions, and other abbreviations are the following groups.

[0099]

[Chemical formula 26]

When the liquid crystalline compound of the present invention is mixed with one or more of the above liquid crystalline compounds or the liquid crystal composition, the liquid crystalline compound of the present invention occupies in the liquid crystal composition obtained by mixing. The proportion is 1% to 80% by weight, preferably 1% to 60% by weight, more preferably 1% to 4%.
It is preferably 0% by weight.

When two or more liquid crystal compounds of the present invention are used, the proportion of the mixture of two or more liquid crystal compounds of the present invention in the liquid crystal composition obtained by mixing is 1% by weight.
It is desirable that the amount is -80% by weight, preferably 1% by weight-60% by weight, and more preferably 1% by weight-40% by weight.

Further, the ferroelectric liquid crystal layer in the ferroelectric liquid crystal device of the present invention is prepared by heating the ferroelectric liquid crystal composition prepared as described above in vacuum to an isotropic liquid temperature,
It is preferable that the liquid crystal layer is sealed in an element cell and gradually cooled to form a liquid crystal layer and then returned to normal pressure.

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a liquid crystal element having a ferroelectric liquid crystal layer of the present invention for explaining the structure of the ferroelectric liquid crystal element.

Referring to FIG. 1, in the liquid crystal element, a liquid crystal layer 1 exhibiting a chiral smectic phase is arranged between a pair of glass substrates 2 provided with a transparent electrode 3 and an insulating orientation control layer 4, respectively, and the layer is formed. The thickness is set by a spacer 5, and a voltage is applied between a pair of transparent electrodes 3 via a lead wire 6 so that a voltage can be applied from a power supply 7. Also, a pair of substrates 2
Are sandwiched between a pair of crossed Nicol polarizing plates 8, and a light source 9 is arranged outside one of them.

The two glass substrates 2 were each coated with In ₂
A transparent electrode 3 made of a thin film of O ₃ , SnO ₂ or ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) is covered. An insulating alignment control layer 4 for arranging the liquid crystal in the rubbing direction is formed by rubbing a polymer thin film such as polyimide with gauze or acetate flocking cloth or the like.

As the insulating material, for example, silicon nitride, silicon nitride containing hydrogen, silicon carbide, silicon carbide containing hydrogen, silicon oxide,
Boron nitride, hydrogen-containing boron nitride, cerium oxide, aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide or an inorganic material insulating layer such as magnesium fluoride is formed, on which polyvinyl alcohol, polyimide, polyamide Orient organic insulating materials such as imides, polyester imides, polyparaxylene, polyesters, polycarbonates, polyvinyl acetals, polyvinyl chlorides, polyvinyl acetates, polyamides, polystyrenes, cellulose resins, melamine resins, urea resins, acrylic resins and photoresist resins As the control layer, the insulating orientation control layer 4 may be formed of two layers, or may be an inorganic material insulating orientation control layer or an organic material insulating orientation control layer single layer.

If this insulating orientation control layer is an inorganic type, it can be formed by a vapor deposition method or the like, and if it is an organic type, a solution in which an organic insulating substance is dissolved, or a precursor solution thereof (0.1 to 20 in a solvent) is used.
% By weight, preferably 0.2 to 10% by weight) and applied by a spinner coating method, a dip coating method, a screen printing method, a spray coating method, a roll coating method, etc. under predetermined curing conditions (for example, under heating). ) And can be formed by curing.

The layer thickness of the insulating orientation control layer 4 is usually 10Å
1 μm, preferably 10 Å to 3000 Å, more preferably 10 Å to 1000 Å are suitable.

The two glass substrates 2 are kept at an arbitrary interval by a spacer 5. For example, there is a method in which silica beads and alumina beads having a predetermined diameter are sandwiched between two glass substrates as spacers, and the periphery is sealed with a sealing material, for example, an epoxy adhesive material. Other,
A polymer film or glass fiber may be used as the spacer. Ferroelectric liquid crystal is enclosed between the two glass substrates.

The ferroelectric liquid crystal layer 1 in which the ferroelectric liquid crystal is enclosed is generally 0.5 to 20 μm, preferably 1 to 5 μm.
m.

The transparent electrode 3 is connected to an external power source 7 by a lead wire. A polarizing plate 8 is attached to the outside of the glass substrate 2. The example of FIG. 1 is a transmissive type, and includes a light source 9.

FIG. 2 is a schematic drawing of an example of a cell for explaining the operation of a liquid crystal element utilizing ferroelectricity.
21a and 21b are In ₂ O ₃ and SnO ₂ respectively.
Alternatively, ITO (indium tin oxide; I
a substrate (glass plate) covered with a transparent electrode composed of a thin film such as ndium tin oxide (Sn), in which the liquid crystal molecular layer 22 is oriented so as to be perpendicular to the glass surface.
Liquid crystal of mC ^* phase or SmH ^* phase is enclosed.
A thick line 23 represents a liquid crystal molecule, and this liquid crystal molecule 23 has a dipole moment (P⊥) 24 in a direction orthogonal to the molecule. When a voltage above a certain threshold is applied between the electrodes on the substrates 21a and 21b, the helical structure of the liquid crystal molecules 23 is unraveled, and the dipole moment (P⊥)
The liquid crystal molecules 23 can change the orientation direction so that all 24 are oriented in the electric field direction. The liquid crystal molecule 23 has an elongated shape and exhibits refractive index anisotropy in the major axis direction and the minor axis direction thereof. Therefore, for example, if crossed Nicol polarizers are placed above and below the glass surface, the voltage application polarity is increased. It can be easily understood that the liquid crystal optical modulation element changes its optical characteristics depending on the situation.

The liquid crystal cell preferably used in the optical modulator of the present invention has a sufficiently thin thickness (for example, 1
0 μ or less). As the liquid crystal layer becomes thinner in this way, as shown in FIG. 3, the helical structure of the liquid crystal molecules is unwound even when no electric field is applied, and the dipole moment Pa or Pb thereof is directed upward (34a) or downward (34b). Take either state. When an electric field Ea or Eb having a polarity equal to or greater than a certain threshold is applied to such a cell by the voltage applying means 31a and 31b, the dipole moment corresponds to the electric field vector of the electric field Ea or Eb. The liquid crystal molecules are turned to the upward stable state 34a or the downward stable direction 34b, and accordingly, the liquid crystal molecules move to the first stable state 3
3a or the second stable state 33b.

As described above, there are two advantages of using such a ferroelectric liquid crystal element as an optical modulation element. The first is that the response speed is extremely fast, and the second is that the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules has bistability. The second point will be further explained with reference to FIG. 3, for example.
When a is applied, the liquid crystal molecules are aligned in the first stable state 33a, but this state is stable even when the electric field is cut off. When a reverse electric field Eb is applied, the liquid crystal molecules are oriented in the second stable state 33b to change the orientation of the molecules, but they remain in this state even when the electric field is cut off. Further, as long as the applied electric field Ea or Eb does not exceed a certain threshold value, the previous alignment state is still maintained.

FIG. 5 shows an example of the drive waveform used in the present invention. In FIG. 5A, S _S is a selected scan waveform applied to the selected scan line, S _N is a non-selected scan waveform not selected, and I _S is selection information applied to the selected data line. waveform (black), I _N represents the non-selection information signal applied to the data line which is not selected (white). In the figure the _{(I S -S S) (I} N -S S) is the voltage waveforms applied to pixels on a selected scanning line, the voltage _{(I S} -S S) is applied pixel black take the display state, the pixel voltage (I N _{-S S)} is applied takes the display state of white.

FIG. 5B shows the drive waveform shown in FIG.
7 is a time series waveform when the display shown in FIG. 6 is performed. Figure 5
In the driving example shown in FIG. 3, the minimum application time Δt of the single polarity voltage applied to the pixel on the selected scan line is the writing phase t ₂
And the time of 1 line clear t ₁ phase is 2
It is set to Δt.

The values of the parameters V _S , V _I and Δt of the drive waveform shown in FIG. 5 are determined by the switching characteristics of the liquid crystal material used. Here, the bias ratio V _I / (V _I + V _S ) = 1/3 is fixed.

Although it is possible to increase the width of the appropriate driving voltage by increasing the bias ratio, increasing the bias ratio means increasing the amplitude of the information signal, and the flicker in image quality increases. However, the contrast is lowered, which is not preferable. In our study, the bias ratio is 1/3 ~
About 1/4 was practical.

A liquid crystal display device using the liquid crystal device of the present invention in a display panel section and taking a communication synchronizing means based on a data format of image information having scanning line address information and a SYNC signal shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. To realize.

In the figure, the symbols are as follows. 101 ferroelectric liquid crystal display device 102 graphics controller 103 display panel 104 scanning line driving circuit 105 information line driving circuit 106 decoder 107 scanning signal generating circuit 108 shift register 109 line memory 110 information signal generating circuit 111 driving control circuit 112 GCPU 113 host CPU 114 VRAM

The image information is generated by the graphics controller 102 on the main body side and transferred to the display panel 103 in accordance with the signal transfer means shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. The graphics controller 102 is a CP
U (central processing unit, hereinafter abbreviated as GCPU 112) and VRAM (memory for storing image information) 114 are used as cores for managing image information and communication between the host CPU 113 and the liquid crystal display device 101, and controlling the present invention. The method is mainly implemented on the graphics controller 102. A light source is arranged on the back surface of the display panel.

[0122]

The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

Example 1 2-hexyl-5- {6- (8,8,9,9,10,1)
Production of 0,10-heptafluoro-3,6-dioxadecyloxy) naphthalen-2-yl} thiazole (Exemplified Compound No. 68)

(1) 8, 8, 9, 9, 10, 10, 10
-Synthesis of heptafluoro-3,6-dioxadecanol 1-liter reaction vessel was charged with 416 g (3.34 mol) of 2-chloroethoxyethanol, and under ice-cooling, 2, 3
-Dihydro-4H-pyran 307.8 g (3.66 mo)
1) was added dropwise in 10 minutes. After the dropping, the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The obtained reaction mixture was distilled under reduced pressure to obtain 383 g of 2-chloroethoxyethyl tetrahydropyranyl ether.

Yield 55.0% b. p. 87-88
° C / 2mmHg

Then, 2, 2 in a 2 liter reaction vessel
3,3,4,4,4-heptafluorobutanol 100
g (0.50 mol) and 500 ml of ethylene glycol dimethyl ether were charged, and 22 g (0.55 mol, 60% oily) of sodium hydride was added at 40 ° C over 40 minutes. After reacting at the same temperature for 1 hour, at room temperature 2.
The reaction was carried out for 5 hours. Charge 15.5 g (0.55 mol) of this reaction solution and 2-chloroethoxyethyl tetrahydropyranyl ether into a 1 liter autoclave.
The reaction was carried out at 70 ° C (internal temperature) for 8 hours.

The same reaction was carried out 3 times, and a total of 335 g of 2-chloroethoxyethyl tetrahydropyranyl ether was obtained.
The reaction was carried out, and the reaction solutions of 3 times were collectively post-treated. That is, the reaction solutions of three times were combined and poured into water, extracted with ethyl acetate, washed with water, dried (anhydrous magnesium sulfate), and the solvent was distilled off. The residue was purified by silica gel column [developing solvent: n-hexane / isopropyl ether (1/1), 200 me.
sh silica gel 13.2 kg is used], and the purity of 99% or more 8,8,9,9,10,10,10-heptafluoro-3,6-dioxadecyl tetrahydropyranyl ether 17.4 g, low purity product 354 g. Obtained.

Then, in a 100 ml reaction vessel,
8,9,9,10,10,10-heptafluoro-3.
6-Dioxadecyl tetrahydropyranyl ether 1
7.4 g (99% up product, 0.047 mol), methanol 35 ml, water 18 ml, and agricultural hydrochloric acid 2.2 ml were charged, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. The reaction solution was poured into water, saturated with sodium chloride, extracted with ethyl acetate, washed with saturated brine, dried (anhydrous magnesium sulfate), and the solvent was evaporated. The residue was distilled under reduced pressure to give 8,8,9,9,10,1
6.4 g of 0,10-heptafluoro-3,6-dioxadecanol was obtained.

B. p. 86-87 ° C / 6 mmHg 354 g of a low-purity product was subjected to the same reaction, and vacuum distillation was repeated 3 times to obtain 31.7 g of a 99% -purity product.

(2) p-toluenesulfonic acid 8,8,
9,9,10,10,10-heptafluoro-3,6-
Synthesis of dioxadecyl 8,8,9,9,10,10,10-heptafluoro-
5.0 g of 3,6-dioxadecanol (17.3 mmo
1) and pyridine (4.8 ml) were added, and the mixture was stirred under ice cooling.
4.0 g of p-toluenesulfonyl chloride (2
0.8 mmol) was added and stirred for 3 hours. After the reaction, the mixture was poured into water and acidified with hydrochloric acid. It was extracted with ethyl acetate, washed with water and dried (anhydrous sodium sulfate). The solvent was distilled off, and the residue was subjected to silica gel column purification [developing solvent: toluene / ethyl acetate (10/1)] to prepare p-toluenesulfonic acid 8,8,
9,9,10,10,10-heptafluoro-3,6-
7.92 g of dioxadecyl was obtained. Yield 99.8%.

(3) 2-hexyl-5- {6- (8,
8,9,9,10,10,10-heptafluoro-3,
Synthesis of 6-dioxadecyloxy) naphthalen-2-yl} thiazole 6-hydroxy-2- (2-hexyl-3,6-thiazol-5-yl) naphthalene 0.59 g (2 mmol)
And potassium hydroxide (85%) 0.16 g (2.4 mmo
1) was dissolved in 1 ml of 1-butanol to prepare p-toluenesulfonic acid 8,8,9,9,10,10,
10-heptafluoro-3,6-dioxadecyl 0.9
2 g (2 mmol) was added together with 1 ml of 1-butanol, and the mixture was heated under reflux for 4 hours. After completion of the reaction, the mixture was poured into water, acidified by adding dilute hydrochloric acid, and then extracted with ethyl acetate. The obtained organic layer was washed with water and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and then the solvent was distilled off to obtain a crude product. This was purified by silica gel column chromatography (mobile phase: mixed solvent of toluene / ethyl acetate = 10/2) and recrystallized from methanol to obtain 0.70 g of the desired product. (Yield 70
%)

Example 2 5-decyl-2- {4- (8,8,9,9,10,1)
0,10-heptafluoro-3,6-dioxadecyloxy) phenyl} pyrimidine (Exemplified compound No. 67)
Preparation of Example 1 In place of 6-hydroxy-2- (2-hexyl-1,3-thiazol-5-yl) naphthalene, 1.12 mmol of 4- (5-decylpyrimidin-2-yl) phenol was used. , Potassium hydroxide 1.35m
mol, 1-butanol 3.8 ml, p-toluenesulfonic acid 8,8,9,9,10,10,10-heptafluoro-3,6-dioxadecyl 1.13 mmol.
The same operation was performed except that the above compound was used to obtain 0.25 g of the title compound. (Yield 38.3%)

Example 3 2- {4- (8,8,9,9,10,10,10-heptafluoro-3,6-dioxadecyloxy) phenyl} -5-octylbenzothiazole (Exemplified Compound N
o. 69) Preparation In Example 1, 4- (6-octylbenzothiazol-2-yl) phenol was replaced with 6-hydroxy-2- (2-hexyl-3,6-thiazol-5-yl) naphthalene. 0.44 mmol, 0.55 mmol of potassium hydroxide, 1 ml of dimethylformamide instead of 1-butanol, p-toluenesulfonic acid 8,
8,9,9,10,10,10-heptafluoro-3,
The same operation was performed except that 0.45 mmol of 6-dioxadecyl was used to obtain 0.16 g of the title compound.
(Yield 58.2%)

Example 4 4,4'-bis- (8,8,9,9,10,10,10
Preparation of -heptafluoro-3,6-dioxadecyloxy) biphenyl (Exemplified Compound No. 237) In Example 1, 6-hydroxy-2- (2-hexyl-1,3)
-Thiazol-5-yl) naphthalene was replaced by 5.1 mmol of biphenyl-4,4'-diol, 10.2 mmol of potassium hydroxide, 30 ml of ethanol instead of 1-butanol, p-toluenesulfonic acid 8,
8,9,9,10,10,10-heptafluoro-3,
By performing the same operation except using 6.8 mmol of 6-dioxadecyl, the compounds shown in the following table were obtained. Yield 2.3g, 62% yield

[0135]

[Table 17]

Example 5 The following compounds were mixed in the following parts by weight to prepare a liquid crystal composition A.

[0137]

[Chemical 27]

(* Indicates optically active) Liquid crystal composition B was prepared by mixing the following exemplary compounds with the liquid crystal composition A in the weight parts shown below.

[0139]

[Chemical 28]

Prepare two 0.7 mm thick glass plates,
An ITO film was formed on each glass plate to form a voltage application electrode, and SiO ₂ was further vapor-deposited on this to form an insulating layer. A silane coupling agent [KBM-602 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.] 0.2% isopropyl alcohol solution was spun on a glass plate at a rotation speed of 2000 r. p. m spinner applied for 15 seconds and surface-treated. After this, 120 ℃
It was heat-dried for 20 minutes.

Further, a polyimide resin precursor [Toray Industries, Inc. SP-
510] Rotate the 1.5% dimethylacetamide solution at a rotation speed of 2
000r. p. m spinner for 15 seconds. After the film formation, the film was heat-condensed and baked at 300 ° C. for 60 minutes.
At this time, the film thickness of the coating film was about 250Å.

The film after firing was rubbed with an acetate flocked cloth, washed with an isopropyl alcohol solution, sprayed with silica beads having an average particle diameter of 2 μm on one glass plate, and then rubbed. The axes were made parallel to each other, and glass plates were laminated using an adhesive sealant [Rixon Bond (Chisso Corporation)] and dried by heating at 100 ° C. for 60 minutes to prepare a cell.

The liquid crystal composition B mixed in Example 5 was injected into this cell in an isotropic liquid state and gradually cooled from the isotropic phase to 25 ° C. at 20 ° C./h to obtain a ferroelectric liquid crystal element. Created. When the cell thickness of this cell was measured with a Berek phase plate, it was about 2 μm.

Using this ferroelectric liquid crystal element, the magnitude Ps of spontaneous polarization and the peak-to-peak voltage Vpp = 20V
The voltage was applied to detect the optical response under the crossed Nicols (change in transmitted light amount 0 to 90%), and the response speed (hereinafter referred to as the optical response speed) was measured. The measurement results are shown below.

[0145]

[Table 18] 10 ° C 25 ° C 40 ° C Response speed 569 μsec 307 μsec 167 μsec

Comparative Example 1 A ferroelectric liquid crystal device was prepared in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the liquid crystal composition A mixed in Example 5 was injected into the cell, and the optical response speed was measured. The measurement results are shown below.

[0147]

[Table 19] 10 ° C 25 ° C 40 ° C Response speed 668 μsec 340 μsec 182 μsec

Example 6 Instead of the exemplary compound used in Example 5, the following exemplary compounds were mixed in the respective parts by weight shown below to prepare a liquid crystal composition C.

[0149]

[Chemical 29]

A ferroelectric liquid crystal device was prepared in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the liquid crystal composition C was injected into the cell.
The optical response speed was measured and the switching state was observed.
The uniform alignment in this liquid crystal element was good, and a monodomain state was obtained. The measurement results are shown below.

[0151]

[Table 20] 10 ° C 25 ° C 40 ° C Response speed 556 μsec 292 μsec 161 μsec

Example 7 Liquid crystal composition D was prepared by mixing the following compounds instead of the exemplified compound mixed in Example 5 in the following parts by weight.

[0153]

[Chemical 30]

A ferroelectric liquid crystal device was prepared in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the liquid crystal composition D was injected into the cell.
The optical response speed was measured and the switching state was observed.
The uniform alignment in this liquid crystal element was good, and a monodomain state was obtained. The measurement results are shown below.

[0155]

[Table 21] 10 ° C 25 ° C 40 ° C Response speed 572 μsec 303 μsec 163 μsec

Example 8 Liquid Crystal Composition E was prepared by mixing the following compounds in the following parts by weight.

[0157]

[Chemical 31]

Further, with respect to this liquid crystal composition E, the exemplified compounds shown below were mixed in the respective parts by weight shown below to prepare a liquid crystal composition F.

[0159]

[Chemical 32]

A ferroelectric liquid crystal device was prepared in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the liquid crystal composition F was injected into the cell.
The optical response speed was measured and the switching state was observed.
The uniform alignment in this liquid crystal element was good, and a monodomain state was obtained. The measurement results are shown below.

[0161]

[Table 22] 10 ° C 25 ° C 40 ° C Response speed 603 μsec 296 μsec 159 μsec

Comparative Example 2 A ferroelectric liquid crystal device was prepared in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the liquid crystal composition E mixed in Example 8 was injected into the cell, and the optical response speed was measured. The results are shown below.

[0163]

[Table 23] 10 ° C 25 ° C 40 ° C Response speed 784 μsec 373 μsec 197 μsec

Example 9 Liquid crystal composition G was prepared by mixing the following compounds in the weight parts shown below instead of the exemplified compounds mixed in Example 8.

[0165]

[Chemical 33]

A ferroelectric liquid crystal device was prepared in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the liquid crystal composition G was injected into the cell.
The optical response speed was measured and the switching state was observed.
The uniform alignment in this liquid crystal element was good, and a monodomain state was obtained. The measurement results are shown below.

[0167]

[Table 24] 10 ° C 25 ° C 40 ° C Response speed 565 μsec 291 μsec 157 μsec

Example 10 A liquid crystal composition H was prepared by mixing the following exemplary compounds in the following parts by weight in place of the exemplary compounds mixed in Example 8.

[0169]

[Chemical 34]

A ferroelectric liquid crystal device was prepared in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the liquid crystal composition H was injected into the cell.
The optical response speed was measured and the switching state was observed.
The uniform alignment in this liquid crystal element was good, and a monodomain state was obtained. The measurement results are shown below.

[0171]

[Table 25] 10 ° C 25 ° C 40 ° C Response speed 604 μsec 313 μsec 172 μsec

Example 11 Liquid crystal composition J was prepared by mixing the following compounds in the following parts by weight.

[0173]

Embedded image Structural part by weight C₈H₁₇-Py2-Ph-OC₆H₁₃ 10 C₈H₁₇-Py2-Ph-OC₉H₁₉ 5 C_TenH_{twenty one}-Py2-Ph-OCOC₈H₁₇ 7 C_TenH_{twenty one}-Py2-Ph-O (CH₂)₃CH (CH₃) OC₃H₇ 7 C₁₂H_{twenty five}-Py2-Ph-O (CH₂)_FourCH (CH₃) OC H₃ 6 C_FiveH₁₁-Py2-Ph-Ph-C₆H₁₃ 5 C₇H₁₅-Py2-Ph-Ph-C₆H₁₃ 5 C_FourH₉-Cy-COO-Ph-Py1-C₁₂H_{twenty five} 8 C₃H₇-Cy-COO-Ph-Py1-C_TenH_{twenty one} 8 C₉H₁₉O-Ph-COO-Ph-OC_FiveH₁₁ 20 C₈H₁₇-Ph-COO-Ph-Ph-OCH₂CH (CH₃) C₂H_Five 5 C₈H₁₇-Ph-OCO-Ph-Ph-^*CH (CH₃) OCOC₆H₁₃ 5 C₆H₁₃-Ph-OCH₂-Ph-Ph-C₇H₁₅ 6 C₁₂H_{twenty five}-Py2-Ph-OCH^* ₂CH (F) C₆H₁₃ Three

Further, with respect to this liquid crystal composition J, the following exemplary compounds were mixed in the respective parts by weight shown below to prepare a liquid crystal composition K.

[0175]

[Chemical 36]

A ferroelectric liquid crystal device was prepared in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the liquid crystal composition K was injected into the cell.
The optical response speed was measured and the switching state was observed.
The uniform alignment in this liquid crystal element was good, and a monodomain state was obtained. The measurement results are shown below.

[0177]

[Table 26] 10 ° C 25 ° C 40 ° C Response speed 460 μsec 232 μsec 120 μsec

Comparative Example 3 A ferroelectric liquid crystal device was prepared in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the liquid crystal composition J mixed in Example 11 was injected into the cell, and the optical response speed was measured. The measurement results are shown below.

[0179]

[Table 27] 10 ° C 25 ° C 40 ° C Response speed 653 μsec 317 μsec 159 μsec

Example 12 A liquid crystal composition L was prepared by mixing the exemplified compounds shown below instead of the exemplified compound used in Example 11 in the weight parts shown below.

[0181]

[Chemical 37]

A ferroelectric liquid crystal device was prepared in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the liquid crystal composition L was injected into the cell.
The optical response speed was measured and the switching state was observed.
The uniform alignment in this liquid crystal element was good, and a monodomain state was obtained. The measurement results are shown below.

[0183]

[Table 28] 10 ° C 25 ° C 40 ° C Response speed 464 μsec 234 μsec 121 μsec

Example 13 A liquid crystal composition M was prepared by mixing the exemplified compounds shown below instead of the exemplified compound used in Example 5 in the respective parts by weight shown below.

[0185]

[Chemical 38]

A ferroelectric liquid crystal device was prepared in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the liquid crystal composition M was injected into the cell.
The optical response speed was measured and the switching state was observed.
The uniform alignment in this liquid crystal element was good, and a monodomain state was obtained. The measurement results are shown below.

[0187]

[Table 29] 10 ° C 25 ° C 40 ° C Response speed 474 μsec 237 μsec 122 μsec

As is clear from Examples 5 to 13, the ferroelectric liquid crystal devices containing the liquid crystal compositions B, C, D, F, G, H, K, L and M according to the present invention operate at low temperatures. The characteristics and high-speed response are improved, and the temperature dependence of the optical response speed is also reduced.

Example 14 Except that the polyimide resin precursor 1.5% dimethylacetamide solution used in Example 5 was replaced with a 2% aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol resin [PUA-117 manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.]. Create a ferroelectric liquid crystal element by the method of
The optical response speed was measured in the same manner as in Example 5. The measurement results are shown below.

[0190]

[Table 30] 10 ° C 25 ° C 40 ° C Response speed 572 μsec 308 μsec 167 μsec

Example 15 A ferroelectric liquid crystal device was prepared and carried out in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the alignment control layer was prepared only with a polyimide resin without using SiO ₂ used in Example 5. The optical response speed was measured in the same manner as in Example 5. The measurement results are shown below.

[0192]

[Table 31] 10 ° C 25 ° C 40 ° C Response speed 558 μsec 298 μsec 161 μsec

As is apparent from Examples 14 and 15, even when the element structure was changed, the element containing the ferroelectric liquid crystal composition according to the present invention had much improved low-temperature operating characteristics as in Example 5. Moreover, the temperature dependence of the response speed is reduced.

Example 16 A liquid crystal composition N was prepared by mixing the following compounds in the following parts by weight.

[0195]

Embedded image Structural part by weight C₆H₁₃-Py2-Ph-O (CH₂)_FourC₃F₇ 5 C₁₁H_{twenty three}-Py2-Ph-OCH₂C_FourF₉ 10 C₈H₁₇O-Pr1-Ph-O (CH₂)_FiveCH (CH₃) C₂H_Five 5 C_TenH_{twenty one}-Py2-Ph-O (CH₂)_FourCH (CH₃) OC H₃ 10 C₆H₁₃-Py2-Ph-Ph-C₈H₁₇ 7 C₈H₁₇-Py2-Ph-OC₆H₁₃ 15 C_FiveH₁₁-Cy-COO-Ph-Py1-C₁₂H_{twenty five} 5 C_FourH₉-Cy-COO-Ph-Py1-C₁₁H_{twenty three} 5 C₃H₇-Cy-COO-Ph-Py1-C₁₁H_{twenty three} 5 C₁₂H_{twenty five}O-Ph-Pa-CO (CH₂)^* ₃CH (CH₃) C₂H_Five 2 C_TenH_{twenty one}-Py2-Ph-OCH^* ₂CH (F) C₂H_Five 5 C₆H₁₃-Cy-COO-Ph-OCH^* ₂CH (F) C₆H₁₃ 2 C₈H₁₇-Ph-OCO-Ph-Ph-CH (CH₃) OCOC₆H₁₃ 6 C₈H₁₇-Py2-Ph-OCO-Ph-F2C₇H₁₅O-Ph-Tz1-Ph-C_FiveH₁₁ 3 C₆H₁₃O-Btb2-Ph-OCO (CH₂)₆C₂F_Five 3 C₈H₁₇O-Ph-COS-Ph-OCH₂C₃F₇ 10

Further, with respect to this liquid crystal composition N, the exemplified compounds shown below were mixed in the respective parts by weight shown below to prepare a liquid crystal composition P.

[0197]

[Chemical 40]

Next, the optical response was observed by using the cells prepared from these liquid crystal compositions by the following procedure. Two 0.7 mm-thick glass plates were prepared, an ITO film was formed on each glass plate, a voltage application electrode was prepared, and SiO ₂ was further vapor-deposited on this to form an insulating layer. Silane coupling agent on glass plate [KBM manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
-602] A 0.2% isopropyl alcohol solution was rotated at a rotation speed of 2000 r.p. p. m spinner for 15 seconds,
A surface treatment was applied. After that, heat drying treatment was performed at 120 ° C. for 20 minutes.

A polyimide resin precursor [Toray Industries, Inc. SP-
510] Rotate the 1.0% dimethylacetamide solution at a rotation speed of 3
000r. p. m spinner for 15 seconds. After the film formation, the film was heat-condensed and baked at 300 ° C. for 60 minutes.
The film thickness of the coating film at this time was about 120Å.

The coating film after firing was rubbed with an acetate flocked cloth, washed with an isopropyl alcohol solution and sprayed with silica beads having an average particle diameter of 1.5 μm on one glass plate. The rubbing axes were made parallel to each other, the glass plates were bonded together using an adhesive sealant [Rixon Bond (Chisso Corporation)], and heated and dried at 100 ° C. for 60 minutes to prepare a cell.

The cell thickness of this cell was measured by a Bereck phase plate and found to be about 1.5 μm. The liquid crystal composition P was injected into this cell in an isotropic liquid state, and the
A ferroelectric liquid crystal element was prepared by gradually cooling to 25 ° C at a rate of ° C / h.

When the ferroelectric liquid crystal element was used to measure the contrast at the time of driving at 30 ° C. with the driving waveform (1/3 bias ratio) shown in FIG. 5, the result was 19.5.

Comparative Example 4 A ferroelectric liquid crystal device was prepared in the same manner as in Example 16 except that the liquid crystal composition N mixed in Example 16 was injected into the cell, and the same driving waveform was used at 30 ° C. The contrast at the time of driving was measured. As a result, the contrast was 8.1.

Example 17 A liquid crystal composition Q was prepared by mixing the exemplified compounds shown below instead of the exemplified compound used in Example 16 in the respective parts by weight shown below.

[0205]

[Chemical 41]

A ferroelectric liquid crystal element was prepared in the same manner as in Example 16 except that this liquid crystal composition was used, and the contrast at the time of driving at 30 ° C. was measured using the same driving waveform as in Example 16. did. As a result, the contrast is 2
It was 1.0.

Example 18 A liquid crystal composition R was prepared by mixing the exemplified compounds shown below instead of the exemplified compound used in Example 16 in the following parts by weight.

[0208]

[Chemical 42]

A ferroelectric liquid crystal element was prepared in the same manner as in Example 16 except that this liquid crystal composition was used, and the contrast at the time of driving at 30 ° C. was measured using the same driving waveform as in Example 16. did. As a result, the contrast is 2
It was 0.5.

Example 19 A liquid crystal composition S was prepared by mixing the exemplified compounds shown below instead of the exemplified compound used in Example 16 in the parts by weight shown below.

[0211]

[Chemical 43]

A ferroelectric liquid crystal element was prepared in the same manner as in Example 16 except that this liquid crystal composition was used, and the contrast at the time of driving at 30 ° C. was measured using the same driving waveform as in Example 16. did. As a result, the contrast is 2
It was 3.6.

As is clear from Examples 16 to 19, the ferroelectric liquid crystal device containing the liquid crystal compositions P, Q, R and S according to the present invention has a high contrast during driving.

Example 20 The procedure of Example 16 was repeated except that a 2% aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol resin [PUA-117 manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.] was used in place of the 1.0% dimethylacetamide solution of the polyimide resin precursor used in Example 16. A ferroelectric liquid crystal element was produced by the same method as in Example 16, and the contrast during driving at 30 ° C. was measured by the same method as in Example 16 and as a result, the contrast was 23.4.

Example 21 Example 21 is completely the same as Example 16 except that the alignment control layer was formed only with a polyimide resin without using SiO ₂ used in Example 16.
A ferroelectric liquid crystal device was prepared in the same manner as in Example 6, and Example 1
As a result of measuring the contrast at the time of driving at 30 ° C. in the same manner as in No. 6, the contrast was 18.6.

Example 22 A polyamic acid (LQ1802, manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.) 1% NMP solution was used in place of the polyimide resin precursor 1.0% dimethylacetamide solution used in Example 16,
A ferroelectric liquid crystal device was prepared in the same manner as in Example 16 except that it was baked at 270 ° C. for 1 hour, and the contrast during driving at 30 ° C. was measured in the same manner as in Example 16. As a result, the contrast was 34.7.

As is clear from Examples 20, 21 and 22, even when the element structure was changed, the element containing the ferroelectric liquid crystal composition according to the present invention showed high contrast as in Example 16. There is. Further, as a result of detailed examination even when the drive waveform was changed, it was found that a liquid crystal element containing the ferroelectric liquid crystal composition of the present invention similarly provided higher contrast.

[0218]

The liquid crystal composition containing the liquid crystalline compound of the present invention can be operated by utilizing the ferroelectricity of the liquid crystal composition. The ferroelectric liquid crystal element of the present invention that can be used in this manner is a liquid crystal element having excellent switching characteristics, high-speed response, temperature dependence of optical response speed, and high contrast. be able to.

A display device in which the liquid crystal device of the present invention is used as a display device in combination with a light source, a drive circuit, etc. is a good device.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of a liquid crystal element using a liquid crystal exhibiting a chiral smectic phase.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing an example of an element cell for explaining the operation of a liquid crystal element utilizing the ferroelectricity of liquid crystal.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view schematically showing an example of an element cell for explaining the operation of a liquid crystal element utilizing the ferroelectricity of liquid crystal.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a tilt angle (θ).

FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram of a driving method of a liquid crystal element used in the present invention.

6 is a schematic diagram of a display pattern when actual driving is performed with the time-series driving waveform shown in FIG. 5 (B).

FIG. 7 is a block configuration diagram showing a liquid crystal display device having a liquid crystal element utilizing ferroelectricity and a graphics controller.

FIG. 8 is a timing chart of image information communication between the liquid crystal display device and the graphics controller.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Liquid Crystal Layer Having Chiral Smectic Phase 2 Glass Substrate 3 Transparent Electrode 4 Insulating Alignment Control Layer 5 Spacer 6 Lead Wire 7 Power Supply 8 Polarizing Plate 9 Light Source I ₀ Incident Light I Transmitted Light 21a Substrate 21b Substrate 22 Liquid Crystal Having Chiral Smectic Phase Layer 23 Liquid crystal molecule 24 Dipole moment (P⊥) 31a Voltage applying means 31b Voltage applying means 33a First stable state 33b Second stable state 34a Upward dipole moment 34b Downward dipole moment Ea Upward electric field Eb Downward Electric field 101 ferroelectric liquid crystal display device 102 graphics controller 103 display panel 104 scanning line driving circuit 105 information line driving circuit 106 decoder 107 scanning signal generating circuit 108 shift register 109 line memory 110 information signal generating circuit 111 Drive control circuit 112 GCPU 113 Host CPU 114 VRAM

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ───

[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] October 19, 1993

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be corrected] Claim 5

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[Chemical 3] (In the formula, a is an integer of 1 to 16, m is an integer of 1 to 12, n and p are integers of 1 to 5, d, g and i are integers of 0 to 7, and p, b, e and h are An integer from 1 to 10 and f is 0 or 1, provided that m + n + p + q ≦ 15 and b + d ≦ 1.
6, e + f + g ≦ 16, h + i ≦ 16 are satisfied.
Y ₁ represents a single bond, —O—, —COO—, or —OCO—. It is non-optically active. )

[Procedure Amendment 2]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be corrected] Claim 22

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[Chemical 6] (In the formula, a is an integer of 1 to 16, m is an integer of 1 to 12, n and p are integers of 1 to 5, d, g and i are integers of 0 to 7, and p, b, e and h are An integer from 1 to 10 and f is 0 or 1, provided that m + n + p + q ≦ 15 and b + d ≦ 1.
6, e + f + g ≦ 16, h + i ≦ 16 are satisfied.
Y ₁ represents a single bond, —O—, —COO—, or —OCO—. It is non-optically active. )

[Procedure 3]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0050

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[0050]

[Chemical 11]

[Procedure amendment 4]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0064

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[0064]

[Table 7]

[Procedure Amendment 5]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0065

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[0065]

[Table 8]

[Procedure correction 6]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be corrected] 0072

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[0072]

[Table 15]

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI Technical display location C07C 49/577 49/84 A 9049-4H 69/708 A 9279-4H 69/75 A 9279-4H 69/757 C 9279-4H 69/76 A 9279-4H Z 9279-4H 69/773 69/82 A 9279-4H 69/86 69/92 69/94 255/31 255/32 255/46 255/54 255 / 55 255/57 323/10 7419-4H C07D 213/30 213/64 213/65 215/20 237/08 237/14 239/26 239/34 241/12 241/18 241/42 241/44 263 / 56 263/58 277/22 277/66 285/12 285/13 307/87 309/10 319/12 333/16 333/38 405/04 213 C09K 19/08 9279-4H 19/12 9279-4H 19 / 14 9279-4H 19/18 9279-4H 19/20 9279-4H 19/30 19/32 9279-4H 19/34 9279-4H G02F 1/13 500 9225-2K 9284-4C C07D 285/12 C (72) Inventor Goji Kano, 3-30 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo No. Canon within Co., Ltd. (72) inventor Nakamura, Shinichi Ota-ku, Tokyo Shimomaruko 3-chome No. 30 No. 2 Canon within Co., Ltd.

Claims (27)

[Claims] 1. A liquid crystal compound represented by the following general formula (I). Embedded image R ₁ —A ₁ —R ₂ (I) [wherein R ₁ and R ₂ are a hydrogen atom, halogen, CN, or a linear, branched, or cyclic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. Indicates an alkyl group. However, one or two or more —CH ₂ — in the alkyl group is —O—, —S—, —CO—, —CH (CN) —, —CH under the condition that hetero atoms are not adjacent to each other.
= CH-, -C≡C-, or the hydrogen atom in the alkyl group may be replaced by a fluorine atom. However, at least one of R ₁ and R ₂ represents: C _m F _{2m + 1} (CH ₂ ) _n O (CH ₂ ) _p O (CH ₂ ) _q- Y _1- . m, n, p, and q are integers from 1 to 15 provided that m + n + p + q ≦ 18 is satisfied. Y
₁ is a single bond, -O-, -CO-, -COO-, -OCO
-, -CH = CH- and -C≡C- are shown. A ₁ is -A _{2
-, - A 2 -X 1 -A} 3 -, - A 2 -X 1 -A 3 -X 2
-A ₄ - _{indicates, A 2, A 3, A} 4 is unsubstituted or F _{independently, Cl, Br, CH 3,} CF 3 or C
1,4-having 1 or 2 substituents selected from N
Phenylene, pyridine-2,5-diyl, pyrimidine-
2,5-diyl, pyrazine-2,5-diyl, pyridazine-3,6-diyl, 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,
3-dioxane-2,5-diyl, 1,3-dithiane-
2,5-diyl, thiophene-2,5-diyl, thiazole-2,5-diyl, thiadiazole-2,5-diyl, benzoxazole-2,5-diyl, benzoxazole-2,6-diyl, benzothiazole -2,5
-Diyl, benzothiazole-2,6-diyl, quinoxaline-2,6-diyl, quinoline-2,6-diyl,
2,6-naphthylene, indane-2,5-diyl, 2-
Alkylindan-2,5-diyl (the alkyl group is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms), indanone-2,6-diyl, 2-alkylindanone-2,6- Diyl (the alkyl group is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms), coumarane-2,5-diyl, 2-alkylcoumarane-2,5
-Diyl (the alkyl group is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms).
X ₁ and X ₂ are a single bond, -COO-, -OCO-, -CH.
_{2 O -, - OCH 2 -} , - CH 2 CH 2 -, - CH = C
H- and -C≡C-. This liquid crystalline compound is a non-optically active compound. ] 2. The liquid crystal compound according to claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal compound represented by the general formula (I) is any one of the following (Ia) to (Ic). (Ia) A ₁ represents —A ₂ —, A ₂ is unsubstituted or has 1,4-having 1 or 2 substituents selected from F, Cl, Br, CH ₃ , CF ₃ or CN. Phenylene, 1,4-cyclohexylene, quinoxaline-2,6
-A liquid crystal compound selected from diyl, quinoline-2,6-diyl and 2,6-naphthylene. (Ib) A ₁ represents -A ₂ -X ₁ -A _3- , A ₂ ,
At least one of A ₃ is unsubstituted or F, Cl, B
1 or 2 selected from r, CH ₃ , CF ₃ or CN
A liquid crystal compound selected from 1,4-phenylene, 1,4-cyclohexylene, pyridine-2,5-diyl, and pyrimidine-2,5-diyl each having 1 substituent. (Ic) A ₁ is _{-A 2 -X 1 -A 3 -X 2} -A 4 - indicates, A _2, A _3, at least one unsubstituted or F of _{A 4, Cl, Br, CH} 3, 1,4-phenylene having 1 or 2 substituents selected from CF ₃ or CN, the rest being unsubstituted or F, Cl, Br, CH
1,4-phenylene having 1 or 2 substituents selected from ₃ , CF ₃ or CN, pyridine-2,5-diyl, pyrimidine-2,5-diyl, 1,4-cyclohexylene, thiazole A liquid crystal compound selected from 2,2,5-diyl, thiadiazole-2,5-diyl, indane-2,5-diyl and coumarane-2,5-diyl. 3. The liquid crystal compound according to claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal compound represented by the general formula (I) is any of the following (Iba) to (Ice). (Iba) A ₁ represents -A ₂ -X ₁ -A _3- ,
A ₂ and A ₃ are both unsubstituted or F, Cl, Br, CH
1,4-phenylene having 1 or 2 substituents selected from ₃ , CF ₃ or CN, X ₁ is a single bond,
_{-COO -, - CH 2 O -} , - CH 2 CH 2 -, - C≡
A liquid crystal compound which is C-. (Ibb) A ₁ represents -A ₂ -X ₁ -A _3- , and A ₂
Is unsubstituted or has 1 or 2 substituents selected from F, Cl, Br, CH ₃ , CF ₃ or CN 1,
4-phenylene, A ₃ is pyridine-2,5-diyl, pyrimidine-2,5-diyl, pyrazine-2,5-
Diyl, pyridazine-3,6-diyl, 1,4-cyclohexylene, thiophene-2,5-diyl, thiazole-2,5-diyl, thiadiazole-2,5-diyl,
Benzoxazole-2,5-diyl, benzothiazole-2,6-diyl, quinoxaline-2,6-diyl,
A liquid crystalline compound selected from quinoline-2,6-diyl, 2,6-naphthylene, indane-2,5-diyl and coumarane-2,5-diyl, wherein X ₁ is a single bond. (Ibc) A ₁ represents -A ₂ -X ₁ -A _3- , and A ₂
Is pyridine-2,5-diyl, A ₃ is 1,4-cyclohexylene, 2,6-naphthylene, indane-2,
5-diyl, coumarin-2,5-diyl, X
₁ is a liquid crystal compound having a single bond. (Ibd) A ₁ represents -A ₂ -X ₁ -A _3- , and A ₂
Is pyrimidine-2,5-diyl and A ₃ is 1,4-
Cyclohexylene, 2,6-naphthylene, indane-
A liquid crystal compound selected from 2,5-diyl and coumarane-2,5-diyl, wherein X ₁ is a single bond. (Ica) A ₁ is _{-A 2 -X 1 -A 3 -X 2} -A 4 -
Where A ₂ , A ₃ and A ₄ are all unsubstituted or F or C
1,4-phenylene having 1 or 2 substituents selected from 1, Br, CH ₃ , CF ₃ or CN,
A liquid crystal compound in which at least one of X ₁ and X ₂ is a single bond. (Icb) A ₁ is _{-A 2 -X 1 -A 3 -X 2} -A 4 -
And _two of A ₂ , A ₃ and A ₄ are unsubstituted or have 1,4-having 1 or 2 substituents selected from F, Cl, Br, CH ₃ , CF ₃ or CN. Phenylene,
The remaining one is pyridine-2,5-diyl, pyrimidine-
2,5-diyl, 1,4-cyclohexylene, thiazole-2,5-diyl, thiadiazole-2,5-diyl, indane-2,5-diyl, coumarane-2,5-diyl, X ₁ , X ₂ is a liquid crystal compound having a single bond. (Icc) A ₁ is _{-A 2 -X 1 -A 3 -X 2} -A 4 -
Where A ₂ is pyridine-2,5-diyl, A ₃ is unsubstituted or F, Cl, Br, CH ₃ , CF ₃ or CN.
1,4-phenylene having 1 or 2 substituents selected from, A ₄ is unsubstituted or F, Cl, Br, CH
1,4-phenylene, 1,4-cyclohexylene, thiophene-2,5-diyl, indane-2,5 having one or two substituents selected from ₃ , CF ₃ or CN.
Selected from -diyl, X ₁ is a single bond, X ₂ is -OCO
_{-, - OCH 2 -, -} CH 2 CH 2 - in which the liquid crystal compound. (Icd) A ₁ is _{-A 2 -X 1 -A 3 -X 2} -A 4 -
, A ₂ is pyrimidine-2,5-diyl, A ₃ is unsubstituted or F, Cl, Br, CH ₃ , CF ₃ or C
1,4-having 1 or 2 substituents selected from N
Phenylene and A ₄ are unsubstituted or F, Cl, Br, C
1,4-phenylene having 1 or 2 substituents selected from H ₃ , CF ₃ or CN, 1,4-cyclohexylene, thiophene-2,5-diyl, indane-2,
Selected from 5-diyl, X ₁ is a single bond, X ₂ is —OCO
_{-, - OCH 2 -, -} CH 2 CH 2 - in which the liquid crystal compound. (Ice) A ₁ is _{-A 2 -X 1 -A 3 -X 2} -A 4 -
Where A ₂ is 1,4-cyclohexylene, A ₃ is unsubstituted or F, Cl, Br, CH ₃ , CF ₃ or CN.
1,4-phenylene having 1 or 2 substituents selected from, A ₄ is unsubstituted or F, Cl, Br, CH
1,4-phenylene, 1,4-cyclohexylene, thiophene-2,5-diyl, indane-2,5 having one or two substituents selected from ₃ , CF ₃ or CN.
Selected from -diyl, X ₁ is a single bond, X ₂ is -OCO
_{-, - OCH 2 -, -} CH 2 CH 2 - in which the liquid crystal compound. 4. At least one of A ₂ and A ₃ of the liquid crystal compound represented by the general formula (I) is thiophene-2,
5-diyl, thiazole-2,5-diyl, thiadiazole-2,5-diyl, benzoxazole-2,5-
Diyl, benzoxazole-2,6-diyl, benzothiazole-2,5-diyl, benzothiazole-2,
6-diyl, quinoxaline-2,6-diyl, quinoline-2,6-diyl, indane-2,5-diyl, 2-alkylindan-2,5-diyl (wherein the alkyl group has 1 to 18 carbon atoms) A chain or branched alkyl group), indanone-2,6-diyl, 2-alkylindanone-2,6-diyl (the alkyl group is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms) Group), coumarane-2,5-diyl, 2-alkyl coumarane-2,5
The liquid crystalline compound according to claim 1, which is selected from -diyl (the alkyl group is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms). 5. The liquid crystal compound represented by the general formula (I), wherein _one of R ₁ and R ₂ is the following (i) and the other is any of (i) to (vii). 1. The liquid crystal compound according to 1. [Chemical 3] (In the formula, a is an integer of 1 to 16, m is an integer of 1 to 12, n and p are integers of 1 to 5, d, g and i are integers of 0 to 7, and p, b, e and h are An integer from 1 to 10 and f is 0 or 1, provided that m + n + p + q ≦ 15 and b + d ≦ 1.
6, e + f + g ≦ 16, h + i ≦ 16 are satisfied.
Y ₁ represents a single bond, —O—, —COO—, or —OCO—. It is non-optically active. ) 6. A liquid crystal composition comprising at least one liquid crystal compound according to claim 1. 7. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 6, wherein the liquid crystal compound represented by the general formula (I) is contained in an amount of 1 to 80% by weight based on the liquid crystal composition. 8. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 6, wherein the liquid crystal compound represented by the general formula (I) is contained in an amount of 1 to 60% by weight based on the liquid crystal composition. 9. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 6, wherein the liquid crystal compound represented by the general formula (I) is contained in an amount of 1 to 40% by weight based on the liquid crystal composition. 10. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 6, wherein the liquid crystal composition has a chiral smectic phase. 11. A liquid crystal device comprising the liquid crystal composition according to claim 6 disposed between a pair of electrode substrates. 12. The liquid crystal element according to claim 11, further comprising an alignment control layer provided on the electrode substrate. 13. The liquid crystal device according to claim 12, wherein the alignment control layer is a layer subjected to a rubbing treatment. 14. The liquid crystal device according to claim 11, wherein the pair of electrode substrates are arranged with a film thickness in which a spiral formed by an arrangement of liquid crystal molecules is released. 15. A display device comprising the liquid crystal element according to claim 11. 16. The display device according to claim 15, further comprising a drive circuit for the liquid crystal element. 17. The display device according to claim 15, further comprising a light source. 18. A display method using a liquid crystal composition containing at least one liquid crystal compound represented by the following general formula (I). Embedded image wherein R ₁ -A ₁ -R ₂ (I) [wherein R ₁ and R ₂ are a hydrogen atom, halogen, CN, or a linear, branched or cyclic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms] Indicates an alkyl group. However, one or two or more —CH ₂ — in the alkyl group is —O—, —S—, —CO—, —CH (CN) —, —CH under the condition that hetero atoms are not adjacent to each other.
= CH-, -C≡C-, or the hydrogen atom in the alkyl group may be replaced by a fluorine atom. However, at least one of R ₁ and R ₂ represents: C _m F _{2m + 1} (CH ₂ ) _n O (CH ₂ ) _p O (CH ₂ ) _q —Y ₁ —. m, n, p, and q are integers from 1 to 15 provided that m + n + p + q ≦ 18 is satisfied. Y
₁ is a single bond, -O-, -CO-, -COO-, -OCO
-, -CH = CH- and -C≡C- are shown. A ₁ is -A _{2
-, - A 2 -X 1 -A} 3 -, - A 2 -X 1 -A 3 -X 2
-A ₄ - _{indicates, A 2, A 3, A} 4 is unsubstituted or F _{independently, Cl, Br, CH 3,} CF 3 or C
1,4-having 1 or 2 substituents selected from N
Phenylene, pyridine-2,5-diyl, pyrimidine-
2,5-diyl, pyrazine-2,5-diyl, pyridazine-3,6-diyl, 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,
3-dioxane-2,5-diyl, 1,3-dithiane-
2,5-diyl, thiophene-2,5-diyl, thiazole-2,5-diyl, thiadiazole-2,5-diyl, benzoxazole-2,5-diyl, benzoxazole-2,6-diyl, benzothiazole -2,5
-Diyl, benzothiazole-2,6-diyl, quinoxaline-2,6-diyl, quinoline-2,6-diyl,
2,6-naphthylene, indane-2,5-diyl, 2-
Alkylindan-2,5-diyl (the alkyl group is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms), indanone-2,6-diyl, 2-alkylindanone-2,6- Diyl (the alkyl group is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms), coumarane-2,5-diyl, 2-alkylcoumarane-2,5
-Diyl (the alkyl group is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms).
X ₁ and X ₂ are a single bond, -COO-, -OCO-, -CH.
_{2 O -, - OCH 2 -} , - CH 2 CH 2 -, - CH = C
H- and -C≡C-. This liquid crystalline compound is a non-optically active compound. ] 19. The display method according to claim 18, wherein the liquid crystal compound represented by the general formula (I) is any one of the following (Ia) to (Ic). (Ia) A ₁ represents —A ₂ —, A ₂ is unsubstituted or has 1,4-having 1 or 2 substituents selected from F, Cl, Br, CH ₃ , CF ₃ or CN. Phenylene, 1,4-cyclohexylene, quinoxaline-2,6
-A liquid crystal compound selected from diyl, quinoline-2,6-diyl and 2,6-naphthylene. (Ib) A ₁ represents -A ₂ -X ₁ -A _3- , A ₂ ,
At least one of A ₃ is unsubstituted or F, Cl, B
1 or 2 selected from r, CH ₃ , CF ₃ or CN
A liquid crystal compound selected from 1,4-phenylene, 1,4-cyclohexylene, pyridine-2,5-diyl, and pyrimidine-2,5-diyl each having 1 substituent. (Ic) A ₁ is _{-A 2 -X 1 -A 3 -X 2} -A 4 - indicates, A _2, A _3, at least one unsubstituted or F of _{A 4, Cl, Br, CH} 3, 1,4-phenylene having 1 or 2 substituents selected from CF ₃ or CN, the rest being unsubstituted or F, Cl, Br, CH
1,4-phenylene having 1 or 2 substituents selected from ₃ , CF ₃ or CN, pyridine-2,5-diyl, pyrimidine-2,5-diyl, 1,4-cyclohexylene, thiazole A liquid crystal compound selected from 2,2,5-diyl, thiadiazole-2,5-diyl, indane-2,5-diyl and coumarane-2,5-diyl. 20. The display method according to claim 18, wherein the liquid crystal compound represented by the general formula (I) is any of the following (Iba) to (Ice). (Iba) A ₁ represents -A ₂ -X ₁ -A _3- ,
A ₂ and A ₃ are both unsubstituted or F, Cl, Br, CH
1,4-phenylene having 1 or 2 substituents selected from ₃ , CF ₃ or CN, X ₁ is a single bond,
_{-COO -, - CH 2 O -} , - CH 2 CH 2 -, - C≡
A liquid crystal compound which is C-. (Ibb) A ₁ represents -A ₂ -X ₁ -A _3- , and A ₂
Is unsubstituted or has 1 or 2 substituents selected from F, Cl, Br, CH ₃ , CF ₃ or CN 1,
4-phenylene, A ₃ is pyridine-2,5-diyl, pyrimidine-2,5-diyl, pyrazine-2,5-
Diyl, pyridazine-3,6-diyl, 1,4-cyclohexylene, thiophene-2,5-diyl, thiazole-2,5-diyl, thiadiazole-2,5-diyl,
Benzoxazole-2,5-diyl, benzothiazole-2,6-diyl, quinoxaline-2,6-diyl,
A liquid crystalline compound selected from quinoline-2,6-diyl, 2,6-naphthylene, indane-2,5-diyl and coumarane-2,5-diyl, wherein X ₁ is a single bond. (Ibc) A ₁ represents -A ₂ -X ₁ -A _3- , and A ₂
Is pyridine-2,5-diyl, A ₃ is 1,4-cyclohexylene, 2,6-naphthylene, indane-2,
5-diyl, coumarin-2,5-diyl, X
₁ is a liquid crystal compound having a single bond. (Ibd) A ₁ represents -A ₂ -X ₁ -A _3- , and A ₂
Is pyrimidine-2,5-diyl and A ₃ is 1,4-
Cyclohexylene, 2,6-naphthylene, indane-
A liquid crystal compound selected from 2,5-diyl and coumarane-2,5-diyl, wherein X ₁ is a single bond. (Ica) A ₁ is _{-A 2 -X 1 -A 3 -X 2} -A 4 -
Where A ₂ , A ₃ and A ₄ are all unsubstituted or F or C
1,4-phenylene having 1 or 2 substituents selected from 1, Br, CH ₃ , CF ₃ or CN,
A liquid crystal compound in which at least one of X ₁ and X ₂ is a single bond. (Icb) A ₁ is _{-A 2 -X 1 -A 3 -X 2} -A 4 -
And _two of A ₂ , A ₃ and A ₄ are unsubstituted or have 1,4-having 1 or 2 substituents selected from F, Cl, Br, CH ₃ , CF ₃ or CN. Phenylene,
The remaining one is pyridine-2,5-diyl, pyrimidine-
2,5-diyl, 1,4-cyclohexylene, thiazole-2,5-diyl, thiadiazole-2,5-diyl, indane-2,5-diyl, coumarane-2,5-diyl, X ₁ , X ₂ is a liquid crystal compound having a single bond. (Icc) A ₁ is _{-A 2 -X 1 -A 3 -X 2} -A 4 -
Where A ₂ is pyridine-2,5-diyl, A ₃ is unsubstituted or F, Cl, Br, CH ₃ , CF ₃ or CN.
1,4-phenylene having 1 or 2 substituents selected from, A ₄ is unsubstituted or F, Cl, Br, CH
1,4-phenylene, 1,4-cyclohexylene, thiophene-2,5-diyl, indane-2,5 having one or two substituents selected from ₃ , CF ₃ or CN.
Selected from -diyl, X ₁ is a single bond, X ₂ is -OCO
_{-, - OCH 2 -, -} CH 2 CH 2 - in which the liquid crystal compound. (Icd) A ₁ is _{-A 2 -X 1 -A 3 -X 2} -A 4 -
, A ₂ is pyrimidine-2,5-diyl, A ₃ is unsubstituted or F, Cl, Br, CH ₃ , CF ₃ or C
1,4-having 1 or 2 substituents selected from N
Phenylene and A ₄ are unsubstituted or F, Cl, Br, C
1,4-phenylene having 1 or 2 substituents selected from H ₃ , CF ₃ or CN, 1,4-cyclohexylene, thiophene-2,5-diyl, indane-2,
Selected from 5-diyl, X ₁ is a single bond, X ₂ is —OCO
_{-, - OCH 2 -, -} CH 2 CH 2 - in which the liquid crystal compound. (Ice) A ₁ is _{-A 2 -X 1 -A 3 -X 2} -A 4 -
Where A ₂ is 1,4-cyclohexylene, A ₃ is unsubstituted or F, Cl, Br, CH ₃ , CF ₃ or CN.
1,4-phenylene having 1 or 2 substituents selected from, A ₄ is unsubstituted or F, Cl, Br, CH
1,4-phenylene, 1,4-cyclohexylene, thiophene-2,5-diyl, indane-2,5 having one or two substituents selected from ₃ , CF ₃ or CN.
Selected from -diyl, X ₁ is a single bond, X ₂ is -OCO
_{-, - OCH 2 -, -} CH 2 CH 2 - in which the liquid crystal compound. 21. At least one of A ₂ and A ₃ of the liquid crystal compound represented by the general formula (I) is thiophene-
2,5-diyl, thiazole-2,5-diyl, thiadiazole-2,5-diyl, benzoxazole-2,
5-diyl, benzoxazole-2,6-diyl, benzothiazole-2,5-diyl, benzothiazole-
2,6-diyl, quinoxaline-2,6-diyl, quinoline-2,6-diyl, indan-2,5-diyl, 2
-Alkylindan-2,5-diyl (wherein the alkyl group is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms), indanone-2,6-diyl, 2-alkylindanone-2,6 -Diyl (alkyl group has 1 carbon atom
To 18 linear or branched alkyl groups), coumarane-2,5-diyl, 2-alkylcoumarane-2,
19. The display method according to claim 18, which is selected from 5-diyl (the alkyl group is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms). 22. The liquid crystal compound represented by the general formula (I), wherein _one of R ₁ and R ₂ is the following (i) and the other is any one of (i) to (vii). 18. The display method according to item 18. [Chemical 6] (In the formula, a is an integer of 1 to 16, m is an integer of 1 to 12, n and p are integers of 1 to 5, d, g and i are integers of 0 to 7, and p, b, e and h are An integer from 1 to 10 and f is 0 or 1, provided that m + n + p + q ≦ 15 and b + d ≦ 1.
6, e + f + g ≦ 16, h + i ≦ 16 are satisfied.
Y ₁ represents a single bond, —O—, —COO—, or —OCO—. It is non-optically active. ) 23. The display method according to claim 18, wherein the liquid crystal compound represented by the general formula (I) is contained in an amount of 1 to 80% by weight based on the liquid crystal composition. 24. The display method according to claim 18, wherein the liquid crystal compound represented by the general formula (I) is contained in an amount of 1 to 60% by weight based on the liquid crystal composition. 25. The display method according to claim 18, wherein the liquid crystal compound represented by the general formula (I) is contained in an amount of 1 to 40% by weight based on the liquid crystal composition. 26. The display method according to claim 18, wherein the liquid crystal composition has a chiral smectic phase. 27. A display method using a liquid crystal element in which a liquid crystal composition containing at least one liquid crystal compound represented by the following general formula (I) is arranged between a pair of electrode substrates. Embedded image wherein R ₁ -A ₁ -R ₂ (I) [wherein R ₁ and R ₂ are a hydrogen atom, halogen, CN, or a linear, branched or cyclic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms] Indicates an alkyl group. However, one or two or more —CH ₂ — in the alkyl group is —O—, —S—, —CO—, —CH (CN) —, —CH under the condition that hetero atoms are not adjacent to each other.
= CH-, -C≡C-, or the hydrogen atom in the alkyl group may be replaced by a fluorine atom. However, at least one of R ₁ and R ₂ represents: C _m F _{2m + 1} (CH ₂ ) _n O (CH ₂ ) _p O (CH ₂ ) _q —Y ₁ —. m, n, p, and q are integers from 1 to 15 provided that m + n + p + q ≦ 18 is satisfied. Y
₁ is a single bond, -O-, -CO-, -COO-, -OCO
-, -CH = CH- and -C≡C- are shown. A ₁ is -A _{2
-, - A 2 -X 1 -A} 3 -, - A 2 -X 1 -A 3 -X 2
-A ₄ - _{indicates, A 2, A 3, A} 4 is unsubstituted or F _{independently, Cl, Br, CH 3,} CF 3 or C
1,4-having 1 or 2 substituents selected from N
Phenylene, pyridine-2,5-diyl, pyrimidine-
2,5-diyl, pyrazine-2,5-diyl, pyridazine-3,6-diyl, 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,
3-dioxane-2,5-diyl, 1,3-dithiane-
2,5-diyl, thiophene-2,5-diyl, thiazole-2,5-diyl, thiadiazole-2,5-diyl, benzoxazole-2,5-diyl, benzoxazole-2,6-diyl, benzothiazole -2,5
-Diyl, benzothiazole-2,6-diyl, quinoxaline-2,6-diyl, quinoline-2,6-diyl,
2,6-naphthylene, indane-2,5-diyl, 2-
Alkylindan-2,5-diyl (the alkyl group is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms), indanone-2,6-diyl, 2-alkylindanone-2,6- Diyl (the alkyl group is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms), coumarane-2,5-diyl, 2-alkylcoumarane-2,5
-Diyl (the alkyl group is a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms).
X ₁ and X ₂ are a single bond, -COO-, -OCO-, -CH.
_{2 O -, - OCH 2 -} , - CH 2 CH 2 -, - CH = C
H- and -C≡C-. This liquid crystalline compound is a non-optically active compound. ]