JPH0775768A - Method for making fly ash harmless - Google Patents
Method for making fly ash harmlessInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0775768A JPH0775768A JP5246383A JP24638393A JPH0775768A JP H0775768 A JPH0775768 A JP H0775768A JP 5246383 A JP5246383 A JP 5246383A JP 24638393 A JP24638393 A JP 24638393A JP H0775768 A JPH0775768 A JP H0775768A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fly ash
- heavy metal
- weight
- present
- fixing agent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、都市ゴミや産業廃棄物
などの焼却プラントから排ガスとともに排出される灰
分、たとえば電気集塵機で捕集されたＥＰ灰や、バグフ
ィルターで捕集された灰分など（本明細書では「飛灰」
と略称する）を無害化する処理方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to ash discharged together with exhaust gas from an incinerator plant such as municipal waste and industrial waste, for example, EP ash collected by an electric dust collector, ash collected by a bag filter, etc. (In this specification, "fly ash")
Abbreviated as “)”.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】都市ゴミや産業廃棄物などの飛灰には、
人体に有害な重金属類が多量に含まれており、特に鉛、
カドミウム、水銀等は飛灰の処分地において雨水などに
よる溶出が問題とされている。そのための対策として、
先に、本出願人は、飛灰に重金属キレート化剤と水を添
加して混練、固化する方法を提案している（特願平４−
２０９７６８号等）。[Prior Art] Fly ash such as municipal waste and industrial waste,
It contains a large amount of heavy metals that are harmful to the human body, especially lead,
Dissolution of cadmium, mercury, etc. due to rainwater is a problem at the fly ash disposal site. As a measure for that,
The present applicant has previously proposed a method in which a heavy metal chelating agent and water are added to fly ash, and the mixture is kneaded and solidified (Japanese Patent Application No. 4-
209768).
【０００３】しかしながら、上記の処理方法は飛灰中の
重金属固定化効果は優れるものの、重金属固定剤の処理
される飛灰への分散浸透性に問題があり、飛灰の種類に
よっては重金属固定剤が飛灰に均一に分散浸透しないた
めに、十分な重金属固定化効果が得られない場合があっ
た。However, although the above treatment method has an excellent effect of immobilizing heavy metals in fly ash, there is a problem in the dispersibility of the heavy metal fixative into the fly ash to be treated, and depending on the type of fly ash, a heavy metal fixative is present. In some cases, a sufficient effect of immobilizing heavy metals could not be obtained because the ash did not uniformly permeate into fly ash.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする問題点】本発明は、上記問題
点を解決するため、従来比較的普及している設備を使用
し、安価で、都市ゴミや産業廃棄物の焼却炉から発生し
た飛灰中に含まれる重金属の雨水等への溶出を簡単な方
法で長期にわたり安定して防止するための飛灰中の重金
属の無害化処理方法を提供することを目的とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention uses equipment that has been comparatively widely used in the past, is inexpensive, and produces the waste generated from an incinerator for municipal waste and industrial waste. It is an object of the present invention to provide a detoxifying treatment method for heavy metals in fly ash, which is capable of stably preventing heavy metals contained in ash from eluting into rainwater and the like for a long period of time by a simple method.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者等は、鋭意研究
を重ねた結果、重金属を含む飛灰に、水、重金属固定化
剤及び分散、湿潤、浸透等の界面活性作用を有する混合
助剤、例えば、コンクリート減水剤等とを添加、混練す
ることにより、飛灰中の重金属が確実に固定化され、飛
灰からの重金属の溶出が非常に効率よく防止し得ること
を見出し、本発明を完成したものである。以下、本発明
を詳細に説明する。Means for Solving the Problems As a result of intensive studies, the inventors of the present invention have found that fly ash containing heavy metals has a mixing aid having a surface active action such as water, a heavy metal immobilizing agent and dispersion, wetting and permeation. By adding and kneading an agent, for example, a concrete water reducing agent, the heavy metal in the fly ash is reliably fixed, and it is found that the elution of the heavy metal from the fly ash can be prevented very efficiently, and the present invention Is completed. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
【０００６】本発明において使用される重金属固定剤と
は、飛灰中の重金属を重金属硫化物あるいは重金属キレ
ートとして安定化し、固結後雨水等から重金属の溶出を
防止する薬剤をいう。該重金属固定剤としては、重金属
キレート剤、無機硫化物、重金属キレート剤と無機硫化
物の混合製剤等が挙げられる。The heavy metal fixing agent used in the present invention refers to an agent which stabilizes the heavy metal in the fly ash as a heavy metal sulfide or a heavy metal chelate, and prevents the elution of the heavy metal from rainwater after solidification. Examples of the heavy metal fixing agent include heavy metal chelating agents, inorganic sulfides, mixed preparations of heavy metal chelating agents and inorganic sulfides, and the like.
【０００７】本発明の重金属固定剤に使用される重金属
キレート化剤としては、例えば、エチレンジアミン、ジ
エチレントリアミン、テトラエチレンペンタミン、トリ
エチレンテトラミン、１，３−ジアミノプロパン、ヘキ
サメチレンジアミン等の脂肪族ポリアミンに水酸化ナト
リウム、水酸化カリウム、水酸化カルシウム等のアルカ
リ存在下に二硫化炭素を反応させて得られる脂肪族ポリ
アミンのジチオカルバミン酸誘導体又はそれらのナトリ
ウム、カリウム、カルシウム及びアンモニウム塩等を挙
げることができる。また、その他、ジメチルカルバミン
酸、ジエチルカルバミン酸等のジアルキルカルバミン酸
又はそれらの塩類等も本発明において使用することがで
きる。Examples of the heavy metal chelating agent used in the heavy metal fixing agent of the present invention include aliphatic polyamines such as ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, tetraethylenepentamine, triethylenetetramine, 1,3-diaminopropane and hexamethylenediamine. In addition, dithiocarbamic acid derivatives of aliphatic polyamines obtained by reacting carbon disulfide in the presence of an alkali such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide or their sodium, potassium, calcium and ammonium salts. it can. In addition, dialkylcarbamic acids such as dimethylcarbamic acid and diethylcarbamic acid, or salts thereof can also be used in the present invention.
【０００８】本発明の重金属固定剤に使用される無機硫
化物としては、例えば、硫化ナトリウム、硫化カリウ
ム、水硫化ナトリウム、水硫化カリウム、Ｎａ2 Ｓ4 、
Ｋ2 Ｓ4 、多硫化ナトリウム及び多硫化カリウム等を挙
げることができる。Examples of the inorganic sulfide used in the heavy metal fixing agent of the present invention include sodium sulfide, potassium sulfide, sodium hydrosulfide, potassium hydrosulfide, Na 2 S 4 ,
K 2 S 4 , sodium polysulfide, potassium polysulfide and the like can be mentioned.
【０００９】本発明において重金属固定化剤の添加量
は、飛灰中の重金属の含有量や重金属の形態、および重
金属固定化剤のキレート化剤および無機硫化物の配合比
率により異なるが、通常、飛灰に対して０．１〜１０重
量％である。In the present invention, the amount of the heavy metal fixing agent added varies depending on the content of the heavy metal in the fly ash, the form of the heavy metal, and the compounding ratio of the chelating agent and the inorganic sulfide of the heavy metal fixing agent. It is 0.1 to 10% by weight with respect to the fly ash.
【００１０】本発明において、飛灰中に加えられる水の
量は、処理される飛灰の種類と混練後の混練物の取扱方
法により異なるが、通常、飛灰に対して１０〜７０重量
％である。In the present invention, the amount of water added to fly ash varies depending on the type of fly ash to be treated and the method of handling the kneaded product after kneading, but it is usually 10 to 70% by weight based on the fly ash. Is.
【００１１】本発明の重金属固定化剤は、混練時に特に
ｐＨ調整を行わなくとも十分効果的に重金属を固定する
ことができ、添加混練する際には特にｐＨ調整を行う必
要はないが、本発明の重金属固定剤の混練時のｐＨと金
属溶出濃度の関係はいずれも重金属の種類によって異な
る。The heavy metal immobilizing agent of the present invention can immobilize heavy metals sufficiently effectively without particularly adjusting pH during kneading, and it is not necessary to adjust pH during addition and kneading. The relationship between the pH and the metal elution concentration at the time of kneading the heavy metal fixing agent of the invention differs depending on the type of heavy metal.
【００１２】本発明は、重金属含有飛灰の無害化処理に
際し、重金属固定剤及び分散、湿潤浸透等の界面活性作
用を有する混合助剤とを使用することを特徴とする。本
発明において使用される混合助剤とは、分散、湿潤、浸
透等の界面活性作用を有する化合物を指し、例えば、顔
料、塗料、染料、インキ、窯業、燃料、合成樹脂分野等
で用いられる分散剤及びコンクリート減水剤で代表され
る土木無機材料の分散剤を例示することができる。The present invention is characterized in that a heavy metal fixing agent and a mixing aid having a surface active action such as dispersion and wet penetration are used in the detoxification treatment of heavy metal-containing fly ash. The mixing aid used in the present invention refers to a compound having a surface active action such as dispersion, wetting and penetration, and for example, a dispersion used in the fields of pigments, paints, dyes, inks, ceramics, fuels, synthetic resins, etc. Examples of the dispersant are civil engineering inorganic materials represented by agents and concrete water-reducing agents.
【００１３】本発明において使用される界面活性作用を
有する混合助剤としては、グルコン酸塩ポリオキシアル
キレン付加物、リグニンスルホン酸又はその塩、オキシ
カルボン酸又はその塩、ナフタレンスルホン酸塩ホルマ
リン縮合物、フェノールスルホン酸塩ホルマリン縮合
物、フェノールスルファニル酸塩ホルマリン縮合物、フ
ェノールメラミンメチロール化スルホン酸塩共縮合物、
メラミンスルホン酸塩ホルマリン縮合物、ポリカルボン
酸塩、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルアリールエーテル、
ジアルキルスルホコハク酸塩、ポリオキシアルキレンコ
ポリマー等の特殊高分子等を例示することができる。As the mixing aid having a surface-active effect used in the present invention, gluconate polyoxyalkylene adduct, ligninsulfonic acid or its salt, oxycarboxylic acid or its salt, naphthalenesulfonate formalin condensate. , Phenol sulfonate formalin condensate, phenol sulfanilate formalin condensate, phenol melamine methylolated sulfonate co-condensate,
Melamine sulfonate formalin condensate, polycarboxylic acid salt, polyoxyethylene alkyl aryl ether,
Specific polymers such as dialkyl sulfosuccinates and polyoxyalkylene copolymers can be exemplified.
【００１４】添加される界面活性作用を有する混合助剤
の使用量は、飛灰の種類により異なるが、通常、飛灰１
００重量部に対し、０．１〜２重量部である。The amount of the mixing aid having a surface-active effect to be added varies depending on the type of fly ash, but normally, fly ash 1
It is 0.1 to 2 parts by weight with respect to 00 parts by weight.
【００１５】なお、混練後の処理については、埋め立
て、海洋投棄等のその後の処理目的に応じて、セメント
固結等、造粒、成形等の処理を行うことができる。As for the treatment after kneading, treatments such as cement consolidation, granulation and molding can be performed depending on the purpose of the subsequent treatment such as landfill and dumping in the ocean.
【００１６】[0016]
【作用】本発明は、重金属含有飛灰の無害化処理に際
し、重金属固定剤及び界面活性作用を有する混合助剤剤
を使用することを特徴とする。飛灰の無害化処理に際
し、重金属固定剤の他に界面活性作用を有する混合助剤
を添加することにより、重金属固定剤が飛灰粒子に浸透
しやすくなるので、飛灰中の重金属が効率よく固定され
る。The present invention is characterized by using a heavy metal fixing agent and a mixing auxiliary agent having a surface-active effect in the detoxification treatment of heavy metal-containing fly ash. During detoxification of fly ash, by adding a mixing aid with a surface-active effect in addition to the heavy metal fixing agent, the heavy metal fixing agent can easily penetrate into the fly ash particles, so the heavy metals in the fly ash can be efficiently used. Fixed.
【００１７】[0017]
【実施例】以下に、実施例によりさらに詳細に本発明を
説明する。但し、本発明は下記実施例によって何ら制限
をうけるものではない。 （実施例１）鉛イオン２７００ｐｐｍを含有する飛灰１
００重量部、トリス（ジチオカルボキシ）ジエチレント
リアミンナトリウム塩の３０重量％水溶液を３重量部、
水４０重量部、及びグルコン酸塩ポリオキシエチレン付
加物５０％水溶液の０．８重量％を添加し、混練固化し
たのち、２０℃にて１週間養生した。その後、環境庁告
示１３号に準じて溶出試験を実施したところ、鉛イオン
の溶出量は０．４８ｐｐｍであった。EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the following examples. (Example 1) Fly ash 1 containing 2700 ppm of lead ions
00 parts by weight, 3 parts by weight of a 30% by weight aqueous solution of tris (dithiocarboxy) diethylenetriamine sodium salt,
After 40 parts by weight of water and 0.8% by weight of a 50% aqueous gluconate polyoxyethylene adduct solution were added and kneaded and solidified, the mixture was cured at 20 ° C. for 1 week. After that, when an elution test was carried out in accordance with the Environmental Agency Notification No. 13, the elution amount of lead ions was 0.48 ppm.
【００１８】（実施例２）鉛イオン２７００ｐｐｍを含
有する飛灰１００重量部、トリス（ジチオカルボキシ）
ジエチレントリアミンナトリウム塩の３０重量％水溶液
を３重量部、水４０重量部、及びジアルキルスルホコハ
ク酸塩４０％溶液の１重量％を添加し、混練固化したの
ち、２０℃にて１週間養生した。その後、環境庁告示１
３号に準じて溶出試験を実施したところ、鉛イオンの溶
出量は０．６８ｐｐｍであった。Example 2 100 parts by weight of fly ash containing 2700 ppm of lead ions, tris (dithiocarboxy)
3 parts by weight of a 30% by weight aqueous solution of diethylenetriamine sodium salt, 40 parts by weight of water, and 1% by weight of a 40% solution of dialkylsulfosuccinate were added, kneaded and solidified, and then cured at 20 ° C. for 1 week. After that, Environmental Agency Notification 1
When an elution test was conducted according to No. 3, the elution amount of lead ions was 0.68 ppm.
【００１９】（実施例３）鉛イオン２７００ｐｐｍを含
有する飛灰１００重量部、トリス（ジチオカルボキシ）
ジエチレントリアミンナトリウム塩の３０重量％水溶液
を３重量部、水４０重量部、及びナフタレンスルホン塩
ホルマリン縮合物４１％水溶液の１重量％を添加し、混
練固化したのち、２０℃にて１週間養生した。その後、
環境庁告示１３号に準じて溶出試験を実施したところ、
鉛イオンの溶出量は０．２５ｐｐｍであった。Example 3 100 parts by weight of fly ash containing 2700 ppm of lead ions, tris (dithiocarboxy)
After adding 3 parts by weight of a 30% by weight aqueous solution of diethylenetriamine sodium salt, 40 parts by weight of water, and 1% by weight of a 41% aqueous solution of a naphthalene sulfone salt formalin condensate, and kneading and solidifying, the mixture was cured at 20 ° C. for 1 week. afterwards,
When the dissolution test was conducted according to the Environmental Agency Notification No. 13,
The elution amount of lead ions was 0.25 ppm.
【００２０】（比較例１）鉛イオン２７００ｐｐｍを含
有する飛灰１００重量部、トリス（ジチオカルボキシ）
ジエチレントリアミンナトリウム塩の３０重量％水溶液
を３重量部、水４０重量部を添加し、混練固化したの
ち、２０℃にて１週間養生した。その後、環境庁告示１
３号に準じて溶出試験を実施したところ、鉛イオンの溶
出量は１．４ｐｐｍであった。Comparative Example 1 100 parts by weight of fly ash containing 2700 ppm of lead ions, tris (dithiocarboxy)
After adding 3 parts by weight of a 30% by weight aqueous solution of diethylenetriamine sodium salt and 40 parts by weight of water and kneading and solidifying, the mixture was cured at 20 ° C. for 1 week. After that, Environmental Agency Notification 1
When the elution test was carried out according to No. 3, the elution amount of lead ions was 1.4 ppm.
【００２１】[0021]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明は、重金属
含有飛灰の無害化処理するに際し、重金属固定剤及び界
面活性作用を有する混合助剤を使用するものである。本
発明の飛灰の無害化処理方法は、界面活性作用を有する
混合助剤を使用することによって、上記の如く飛灰粒子
への重金属固定剤の浸透性を高めることは勿論、実用に
際し薬剤水溶液の飛灰への均一分散性も向上させて重金
属固定剤を有効に働かせ、その使用量を著しく低減し得
るものである。As described above, the present invention uses a heavy metal fixing agent and a mixing aid having a surface-active action when detoxifying heavy metal-containing fly ash. The method for detoxifying fly ash of the present invention, by using a mixing aid having a surface-active action, of course enhances the permeability of the heavy metal fixing agent to the fly ash particles as described above, as well as the aqueous solution of the chemical in practical use. The uniform dispersibility of fly ash in the fly ash can be improved, and the heavy metal fixing agent can be effectively worked, and the amount used can be remarkably reduced.
Claims (2)
合助剤とを使用することを特徴とする飛灰の無害化処理
方法。1. A method for detoxifying fly ash, which comprises using a heavy metal fixing agent and a mixing aid having a surface-active action.
使用することを特徴とする飛灰の無害化処理方法。2. A method for detoxifying fly ash, which comprises using a heavy metal fixing agent and a concrete water reducing agent.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP24638393A JP3415892B2 (en) | 1993-09-07 | 1993-09-07 | Detoxification of fly ash |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP24638393A JP3415892B2 (en) | 1993-09-07 | 1993-09-07 | Detoxification of fly ash |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0775768A true JPH0775768A (en) | 1995-03-20 |
| JP3415892B2 JP3415892B2 (en) | 2003-06-09 |
Family
ID=17147727
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP24638393A Expired - Lifetime JP3415892B2 (en) | 1993-09-07 | 1993-09-07 | Detoxification of fly ash |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3415892B2 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10140132A (en) * | 1996-11-05 | 1998-05-26 | Nippon Soda Co Ltd | Heavy metal fixing agent |
| JP2002028605A (en) * | 2000-07-13 | 2002-01-29 | Miyoshi Oil & Fat Co Ltd | Treating agent and treating method for solid waste |
| JP2006218373A (en) * | 2005-02-09 | 2006-08-24 | Miyoshi Oil & Fat Co Ltd | Solid waste disposal agent and treatment method of solid waste |
| CN105498146A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-04-20 | 重庆科技学院 | Incineration fly ash bi-component heavy metal stabilizer and fly ash treatment method applying same |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR102347890B1 (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2022-01-05 | 주식회사 포스코건설 | Method for stabilizing heavy metals using byproducts of desulfurization |
-
1993
- 1993-09-07 JP JP24638393A patent/JP3415892B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10140132A (en) * | 1996-11-05 | 1998-05-26 | Nippon Soda Co Ltd | Heavy metal fixing agent |
| JP2002028605A (en) * | 2000-07-13 | 2002-01-29 | Miyoshi Oil & Fat Co Ltd | Treating agent and treating method for solid waste |
| JP2006218373A (en) * | 2005-02-09 | 2006-08-24 | Miyoshi Oil & Fat Co Ltd | Solid waste disposal agent and treatment method of solid waste |
| CN105498146A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-04-20 | 重庆科技学院 | Incineration fly ash bi-component heavy metal stabilizer and fly ash treatment method applying same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3415892B2 (en) | 2003-06-09 |
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