JPH0774123B2 - Method for applying pesticides in turfgrass vegetation area - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for applying a pesticide useful for prevention of pests and diseases and weeding in turf grass vegetation areas such as golf courses.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In golf courses, various fungicides are mainly sprayed in the form of wettable powder to prevent turfgrass diseases. For example, in the case of controlling Rhizoctonia large patch by pentanuclear Rhizoctonia (filamentous fungus), its generation extends from the outside temperature of 12 ° C to 27 ° C, and the bactericidal action of the drug is maintained during this period. It is necessary to control disease.

However, the chemicals attached to the foliage of turfgrass by spraying are washed away by rainwater and dew, migrate to the soil and lose their effect at an early stage, so that spraying is forced to be repeated each time, for example, the above-mentioned Rhizoctonia large patch. On the other hand, it is usual to spray 3 to 4 times from April to the first half of July. In addition to fungicides, insecticides, herbicides, etc. also require spraying several times to maintain the same effect.

In general, the chemical concentrations of these pesticides are set to be much higher than the effective concentrations in consideration of the amount washed out by rainwater after spraying. For example, most fungicides are 5
Although it is sprayed with a diluted solution of 0 to 1000 times, according to the chemical resistance test and the like, it is possible to obtain a result that most of the drugs exhibit sufficient bacteriostatic action and bactericidal action at a low concentration within the existing 30 to 40%. However, depending on the drug species, a good bacteriostatic effect is exhibited even at a concentration of several hundred ppm.

Due to the above-mentioned circumstances, conventionally, the amount of pesticide used is inevitably increased, the cost of turfgrass management increases, and there is a concern about health problems. In addition, it is considered that the drug transferred to the soil due to rainwater etc. is generally adsorbed electrochemically to the soil colloid having a negative ionic value and retained on the surface layer of the soil because it has a positive ionic value. A considerable amount of this is eluted or it is flowing out together with soil colloid, and some measures are desired from the viewpoint of environmental protection.

[0006] In view of the above situation, the present invention provides a method for imparting pesticides in turfgrass vegetation areas, which is capable of extremely efficiently exhibiting pesticidal action such as prevention of pests and diseases and weeding. The purpose is to reduce the cost, realize the cost saving, and contribute to the prevention of health damage and environmental pollution caused by pesticides.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems The inventors of the present invention have conducted extensive studies to achieve the above object, and as a result, caused a specific granular material to hold a component having an agrochemical action, which was in the form of an aqueous dispersion. When sprayed on the turfgrass vegetation area as, the efficiency of action of the drug on the turfgrass and the sustainability of the drug effect are remarkably improved, and the desired effect can be sufficiently achieved with an extremely small amount of the drug used as compared with the conventional one. It was found that a fertilizer effect that promotes the growth of turfgrass can be obtained, and the present invention has been completed.

That is, the method for imparting pesticides in the turfgrass vegetation region according to the present invention is an average particle diameter of 1 to 5 mm obtained by mixing or impregnating a waste product of plant seeds or fruits with a component having a pesticidal action.
The above-mentioned granules are dispersed in water, and this dispersion is sprayed on the grass vegetation area.

[0009]

Detailed Structure and Function of the Invention In the pesticide application method of the present invention,
The granules containing a component having a pesticidal action are dispersed in water in the form of a dispersion and sprayed onto the turfgrass vegetation area. However, since the granules have a large average particle size of 1 to 5 mm, they migrate into the soil after spraying or with running water. It is hard to dissipate, and even if it adheres to the upper part of the turfgrass leaves and stems, it easily falls due to wind and rain. Place to form a layer of particles on the surface of the soil.
Then, the ingredients that act as pesticides, that is, fungicides, insecticides,
Since the medicinal components such as herbicides are contained in the granular material, they do not easily flow out due to rainfall, dew, etc., and gradually elute to exert a long-lasting action. In addition, since the layer formed on the soil surface itself contains drug components, fungi and their spores, pests,
It functions as a blocking layer that prevents weed buds from appearing on the surface,
Therefore, the control effect of these is higher.

By the way, most of the diseases of turfgrass are said to be soil diseases and foliar diseases, but in reality, most cases are affected from the ground. For example, the invasion of the above-mentioned Rhizoctonia large patch often starts from a site of about 1 to 2 mm from the surface of the ground in a humid condition, which coincides with the most distributed site of bacteria at the time of occurrence. However, according to the pesticide application method of the present invention, the particulate matter is in a state of being in contact with the disease initiation site, and the bactericide acts intensively and continuously, so that the disease occurrence can be extremely efficiently prevented. .

Further, since the base material of the granular material is the waste residue of plant seeds or fruits, it also functions as a fertilizer for supplying the soil with nutrients for turf growth. However, when organic humus such as bark compost or various natural organic materials are sprayed on turfgrass vegetation areas, various microorganisms easily grow with the organic component as a nutrient source on the contrary to the fertilizer effect, depending on the fungi contained in itself. In many cases, it causes turfgrass disease or promotes turfgrass disease caused by fungi in the soil.For example, in the above-mentioned bark compost, there is a concern that a large amount of mushrooms such as fairy rings are generally generated. Then, since the post-harvest-like bactericidal state can be achieved by the pesticide component contained in the granular material, the organic component does not promote the disease and the occurrence of the mushrooms can be avoided.

There are no particular restrictions on the wastes of plant seeds or fruits which are used as the base material of such particulates, but there are squeezed residues produced during the production process of coffee meal and vegetable oils and fats,
Fruit juice squeezed lees and the like are suitable. That is, since these wastes are produced in a larger amount than in the food and beverage industry, there is an advantage that the ones with constant properties can be obtained at low cost, and it also contributes greatly to the effective use of wastes. When using these wastes as granules, those having a morphologically large size or particles having an excessively large particle size may be crushed, and conversely, particles having an excessively small particle size may be granulated by an appropriate means.

The size of the granular material is, as described above, an average particle diameter of 1 to 5 mm. If the average particle size is less than 1 mm, it is difficult for the particulate matter located on the soil surface after spraying to reach the disease initiation site of turfgrass, so the disease-preventing action is significantly reduced, and at the time of spraying, it is applied to the upper part of the leaf stem. It is difficult for the adhered substances to fall, and the substances existing on the ground surface easily migrate to the ground or are easily scattered with running water. On the contrary, the average particle size is 5
If it is larger than mm, it is difficult to reach the disease initiation site of turfgrass, and the preventive action against the occurrence of disease is significantly reduced.
It is not suitable for golf courses, etc. because the surface of the ground is loose, and there is a risk of damaging the grass when walking on the lawn surface.

A bactericide mixed or impregnated with the above granules,
Ingredients having an agrochemical action such as insecticides and herbicides may be in the form of any of a wettable powder (powder suspension), powder, emulsion and liquid. The content of these drug components is 0.3 to 30 in terms of volume ratio with respect to the granular base material, that is, the waste residue of plant seeds or fruits.
The amount is preferably about 5% by volume, and if the amount is too small, no sufficient effect can be obtained. On the other hand, if the amount is too large, the retention capacity of the base material is insufficient and the surplus is dissipated by rainwater, which is uneconomical and deviates from the original purpose of reducing the amount of pesticide used.

As described above, the drug component contained in the granular material is hard to flow out by rainwater, dew, etc., and gradually elutes to exert a drug action for a long period of time. According to the research conducted by the present inventors, however, the retention and sustained-release effect of such a drug component can be obtained because the waste material of the seed or fruit of the base material generally has many voids inside. Although partly due to having a rough structure, the base substitution capacity (CEC) of these substrates is generally large, and it is considered that the strong adsorption to the drug component is the most contributing factor.

The component having a pesticidal action to be used may be a drug belonging to the fungicides, insecticides and herbicides conventionally used in turf grass vegetation areas, and these can be used in combination. Examples of such agents include various fungicides used to prevent diseases such as leaf blight, rust, brown patch, pisium patch, psium bright, large patch, spring baldness, snow rot, fairy ring, etc. Examples include various insecticides used for exterminating insect pests such as moths, striped beetles, scarabs, and weevils, and various herbicides used for the growth prevention of annual weeds in general, perennial weeds in general, Himekugu, and pearl nuts.

In the present invention, the above-mentioned granular material containing a component having a pesticidal action is dispersed in water, and this dispersion is sprayed on the grass vegetation area. That is, it is very difficult to apply thinly and evenly when the granular material is directly applied, and it is unavoidable that the density of the partial deposition is unavoidable.However, in the case of the aqueous dispersion form, the conventional wettable powder is diluted and applied. There is an advantage that the spraying equipment for wettable powder can be used as it is, in addition to being able to spray it evenly over the entire grass vegetation area. This amount of spraying varies depending on the application in the turfgrass vegetation area, pests and diseases to be controlled, herbicidal species, etc., but is usually about 5 to 10 g / m ² as a granular material.

However, according to this pesticide application method, as described above, the ratio of being attached to the upper part of the foliage of the turfgrass or migrating into the ground to be wasted is extremely small, and is caused by rainwater or dew. Outflow is less likely to occur, and the action can be concentrated on the effective part of the control, and the action is excellent in sustainability, so the same control effect can be obtained with a much smaller amount of drug components compared to conventional pesticide spraying. To be For example, when used for the prevention of Rhizoctonia large patches of turfgrass by pentanuclear Rhizoctonia, conventionally used triclofos-methyl wettable powder,
Compared with the case of using PCNB (pentachloronitrobenzene) wettable powder, flutolanil wettable powder, captan wettable powder, etc., the initial application amount is 1/6 to 1/1 as the drug component.
8 is sufficient, and the number of times of subsequent spraying is also small, and the amount of the drug component required for complete control for the entire period (year) is one tenth.

[0019]

EXAMPLES Particle size 0.75 to 1.5 mm (average particle size 1.
2 mm) coffee grounds (base substitution capacity 60-70 Me)
To triclophos-methyl (A), flutolanil (B),
Captan (C) and penciclone (D) were individually added in the form of wettable powders and thoroughly mixed to prepare granules each having a drug content of 2% by volume. Then, 10 parts by weight of each of these granules was dispersed in 300 parts by weight of water to prepare spray liquids A to D (each containing a drug component having the same sign). For comparison, commercially available triclophos-methyl 7
5% wettable powder (a) 1 part by weight, PCNB (pentachloronitrobenzene) 75% wettable powder (b) 2 parts by weight, isoprothiolane 20% -flutolanil 25% mixed wettable powder (c)
1 part by weight, 3 parts by weight of 80% captan wettable powder (d),
Each was diluted with 300 parts by weight of water to prepare spray liquids a to d (each containing a drug component having the same sign) having the drug component content shown in Table 1 below. Further, 10 parts by weight of the above-mentioned coffee grounds not treated with the chemical was dispersed in 300 parts by weight of water to prepare a spray solution.

Then, each of the above-mentioned spray solutions was applied to a hole (fairway ...
Rough ... 6 test areas each in Noshiba (300 for each area)
m ² and the distribution is not locally biased), 1990
From the year before each disease outbreak (any day between March 29 and April 3), spray at a rate of about 0.5 liters / m ² and carry out the prescribed test day (May , June), the degree of disease occurrence was examined. The results are shown in the following Table 1 as the lesion area rate together with the lesion area rate of the same test group that was not treated (without spraying). However, this area ratio is a value obtained by measuring the total lesion area of both Rhizoctonia large patch and fairy ring disease for each test group and expressing the average value of 6 test groups under the same test conditions. The diseased area ratio on the application day in each year was 0%, and the symbol (-) in the table means no application test.

Table 1

From the results shown in Table 1, according to the pesticide application method of the present invention using the spray liquids A to D, even though the content of the drug component was relatively small, each year before the disease onset stage. It can be seen that the occurrence of Rhizoctonia large patches can be completely prevented for the whole year by applying only once. On the other hand, in the case of the spray liquids a to d using the conventional commercially available wettable powder,
Although it has a certain degree of disease control effect, it cannot be said to be sufficient.
In particular, it is difficult to maintain the effect, and it is understood that spraying must be carried out a plurality of times for complete control of diseases, and that the spraying amount per spraying must be increased depending on the type of drug.

[0023]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the pesticide application method of the present invention, since an aqueous dispersion of granular particles containing a pesticide component containing a pesticide component is sprayed on the turf grass vegetation region, the pesticide component is transferred to the soil in the turf grass vegetation region. Without, and even if the above-mentioned particulate matter adheres to the upper part of the foliage of turfgrass, it easily falls, and almost the entire amount of the dispersed particulate matter forms a layer containing a component having a pesticidal action on the surface of the soil. Since the layer functions as a blocking layer that prevents fungi, their spores, pests, weed buds, etc. from coming out to the ground from the soil below, it is in a state of being in contact with the root part, which is the starting site of disease of turfgrass. For example, it can exert a very effective control effect against various turfgrass diseases and pests affected from the ground, including Rhizoctonia large patches, and it easily flows out due to rain and dew because the pesticide component is contained in the particulate matter. And the control effect Sustained because the action over the period,
Compared with conventional pesticide spraying, not only does it require fewer sprays throughout the year, but a small amount of pesticides can be applied in a single spray, which makes it possible to significantly reduce the amount of pesticides used throughout the year. It can reduce the cost of turfgrass management and cultivation, and can deal with the problems of health damage and environmental pollution due to pesticides.

In addition, since the base material of the above-mentioned granular material is the waste residue of plant seeds or fruits, it also functions as an organic fertilizer for promoting the growth of turfgrass, and the granular material itself is postponed due to the inclusion of the agrochemical component. Since it is in a sterilized state like harvest, it does not promote the disease caused by fungus in the soil due to its spraying, for example, it sprayed a conventional organic soil improver such as bark compost. There is an advantage that it is possible to avoid the occurrence of mushrooms such as fairy rings, which is a concern in some cases. Furthermore, as a waste residue, a coffee residue, a squeezed residue produced in the production process of vegetable oils and fats, and a food and drink industry such as fruit juice squeezed meal Since it is possible to use substances that are generated in a larger amount than in the field, it is possible to obtain substances with consistent properties at low cost and to make a great contribution to effective use of waste. Further, in the method of the present invention, since the above-mentioned granules are sprayed in the form of an aqueous dispersion, the granules can be sprayed evenly and thinly over the entire turfgrass vegetation area as compared with the case where the granules are sprayed directly, and the spraying of the conventional wettable powder is also possible. There is also an advantage that the spraying device used for can be used.

Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Office reference number FI Technical display area A01N 43/38 57/14 A

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A pesticide is applied to wastes of plant seeds or fruits.
Average particle size of 1-5m
m particles are dispersed in water, and this dispersion is used for turfgrass vegetation area.
Method of applying pesticides in turfgrass vegetation area characterized by spraying
Law .