JPH077312A - Loop antenna - Google Patents
Loop antennaInfo
- Publication number
- JPH077312A JPH077312A JP14904293A JP14904293A JPH077312A JP H077312 A JPH077312 A JP H077312A JP 14904293 A JP14904293 A JP 14904293A JP 14904293 A JP14904293 A JP 14904293A JP H077312 A JPH077312 A JP H077312A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- loop
- antenna
- conductor
- short
- loop element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は携帯用無線機に利用す
る。特に、人体近傍で使用するアンテナのインピーダン
スマッチング技術に関する。FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention finds use in portable radios. In particular, it relates to an impedance matching technique for an antenna used near the human body.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】携帯電話機または無線選択呼出用受信機
のような小型無線装置は一般に人体近傍で利用されるた
めに、アンテナには人体近傍で利得が劣化しないことが
要求される。この要求を満たすアンテナとして無線選択
呼出用受信機のように筐体の大きさが使用波長に比べて
十分小さい端末では、小型ループアンテナが用いられて
いる。小型ループアンテナはループ面を貫く磁流ダイポ
ールとして動作するため、ループ面を人体に垂直に配置
すると人体内に生じる磁流ダイポールのイメージが同相
となり利得が上がるためである。このループアンテナの
入力インピーダンスは大きなインダクティブ成分を持
ち、従来はアンテナを共振させるために、無線機のアン
テナ入力端の前段にインダクタンスを打ち消す付加回路
を配置している。2. Description of the Related Art Since a small radio device such as a mobile phone or a radio selective calling receiver is generally used in the vicinity of the human body, it is required for an antenna not to deteriorate the gain in the vicinity of the human body. A small loop antenna is used in a terminal such as a radio selective calling receiver whose housing size is sufficiently smaller than a wavelength used as an antenna satisfying this requirement. This is because the small loop antenna operates as a magnetic current dipole penetrating the loop surface, and if the loop surface is arranged perpendicular to the human body, the image of the magnetic current dipole generated in the human body becomes in phase and the gain is increased. The input impedance of this loop antenna has a large inductive component, and conventionally, in order to resonate the antenna, an additional circuit for canceling the inductance is arranged in front of the antenna input end of the wireless device.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、このループア
ンテナの帯域は、その大きなインダクタンス成分のため
に狭帯域となっており、共振をとるための調整が難しく
時間がかかる。However, the band of this loop antenna is narrow due to its large inductance component, and adjustment for obtaining resonance is difficult and time consuming.
【０００４】本発明は、このような背景に行われたもの
であり、アンテナ自身を自己共振させインピーダンスマ
ッチング回路を不要とすることができるループアンテナ
を提供することを目的とする。The present invention has been made against such a background, and an object of the present invention is to provide a loop antenna capable of self-resonating the antenna itself and eliminating the need for an impedance matching circuit.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明はループアンテナ
であり、その特徴とするところは、導体材料により形成
され一つの開放端を有するループエレメントと、このル
ープエレメントのループ面にほぼ垂直な面を有する第一
の導体と、無線通信機の共通電位に接続されこの導体と
は別電位に設けられた第二の導体と、前記開放端の一端
が前記無線通信機のアンテナ給電点に接続され、他端が
短絡線を介して前記第一の導体に接続されたところにあ
る。前記ほぼ垂直な面は前記ループ面の形状のほぼ１つ
分を包含する面積を有することが望ましい。さらに、好
ましくは前記ループ面の形状の少なくとも２つ分を包含
する面積を有することが望ましい。The present invention is a loop antenna, which is characterized by a loop element formed of a conductive material and having one open end, and a surface substantially perpendicular to the loop surface of the loop element. And a second conductor connected to a common potential of the wireless communication device and provided at a different potential from this conductor, and one end of the open end is connected to an antenna feeding point of the wireless communication device. , The other end is connected to the first conductor via a short-circuit wire. It is preferable that the substantially vertical surface has an area that includes substantially one shape of the loop surface. Furthermore, it is preferable to have an area that preferably includes at least two of the shapes of the loop surfaces.
【０００６】前記無線通信機は前記第二の導体上に配置
された回路基板上に構成されることが望ましい。前記ル
ープエレメントおよび前記回路基板を内包する筐体が設
けられ、前記ループエレメントの他端は、この筐体の外
側表面の一部に設けられ別の大きい導体に接触できるよ
うに構成された電極に接続される構成とすることもでき
る。The wireless communication device is preferably constructed on a circuit board arranged on the second conductor. A casing that encloses the loop element and the circuit board is provided, and the other end of the loop element is provided on a part of the outer surface of the casing and is configured to be able to contact another large conductor. It can also be configured to be connected.
【０００７】[0007]
【作用】ループエレメントの開放端の一端と第一の導体
を接続した短絡線が、等化的に地板上のモノポールアン
テナとして動作する。モノポールアンテナはキャパシタ
ンス成分を有するために、ループアンテナと短絡線とを
直列に接続することにより、ループアンテナのインダク
タンス成分が相殺され、ループアンテナを自己共振状態
にすることができる。The short-circuit wire connecting the first end of the open end of the loop element and the first conductor acts as a monopole antenna on the ground plane in an equalized manner. Since the monopole antenna has a capacitance component, by connecting the loop antenna and the short-circuit line in series, the inductance component of the loop antenna is canceled and the loop antenna can be brought into a self-resonant state.
【０００８】これにより、このループアンテナはインピ
ーダンスマッチング調整のための付加回路を不要とする
ことができるため、製造工程における回路調整を不要と
することができる。As a result, this loop antenna can eliminate the need for an additional circuit for impedance matching adjustment, and thus eliminates the need for circuit adjustment in the manufacturing process.
【０００９】本発明は、前記第一の導体の表面を境界面
としてループエレメントのイメージを形成させるもので
あり、イメージを形成させることにより、特性インピー
ダンスが安定化され、インピーダンスマッチングがとり
やすくなり、アンテナ効率をよくすることができる。According to the present invention, an image of the loop element is formed with the surface of the first conductor as a boundary surface. By forming the image, the characteristic impedance is stabilized and impedance matching is easily achieved. The antenna efficiency can be improved.
【００１０】第一の導体の面積を大きくすることによ
り、イメージが形成されやすい。ループエレメントの１
つ分がそっくり包含される面積があると、少なくとも片
側についてイメージを形成することができる。ループエ
レメントの２つ分がそっくり包含される面積があると、
有効にイメージを形成することができる。外部にこの第
一の導体に接続するための電極を設け、この電極を大き
い導体（人体）に接触させると第一の導体の面積がみか
け上大きくなり、有効にループエレメントのイメージが
形成される。An image is easily formed by increasing the area of the first conductor. Loop element 1
If there is an area that covers the entire area, an image can be formed on at least one side. If there is an area that covers two loop elements,
An image can be effectively formed. When an electrode for connecting to the first conductor is provided outside and the electrode is brought into contact with a large conductor (human body), the area of the first conductor is apparently increased, and an image of the loop element is effectively formed. .
【００１１】[0011]
【実施例】本発明第一実施例の構成を図１および図２を
参照して説明する。図１は本発明第一実施例の構成図で
ある。図２は本発明第一実施例の要部構成図である。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The configuration of the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the essential parts of the first embodiment of the present invention.
【００１２】本発明はループアンテナであり、その特徴
とするところは、導体材料により形成され一つの開放端
を有するループエレメント２と、このループエレメント
２のループ面にほぼ垂直な面を有する第一の導体として
導電性面１と、回路基板４として構成された無線通信機
の共通電位に接続されこの導体とは別電位に設けられた
第二の導体と、前記開放端の一端が回路基板４のアンテ
ナ給電点に接続され、他端が短絡線３を介して導電性面
１に接続されたところにある。導電性面１は前記ループ
面の形状の少なくとも２つ分を包含する面積を有して構
成される。ループエレメント２に用いた導体材料は、そ
の伸延長が使用波長の４分の１以下である。The present invention is a loop antenna, which is characterized by a loop element 2 formed of a conductive material and having one open end, and a first surface having a surface substantially perpendicular to the loop surface of the loop element 2. Of the conductive surface 1, a second conductor connected to a common potential of the wireless communication device configured as the circuit board 4 and provided at a potential different from this conductor, and one end of the open end is the circuit board 4 Is connected to the antenna feeding point and the other end is connected to the conductive surface 1 through the short-circuit wire 3. The conductive surface 1 is configured to have an area including at least two shapes of the loop surface. The conductor material used for the loop element 2 has an extension of 1/4 or less of the used wavelength.
【００１３】本発明第一実施例では、筐体５に穴を設
け、内蔵したループエレメント２の一端を短絡線３を介
しこの穴を通して導電性面１である金属面に接続する。
図２に示すように、導電性面１上に高さＨ１、幅Ｗ１の
ループエレメント２を配置し、ループエレメント２のル
ープアンテナとしての給電点のうち端子Ａを高さＨ２で
大きさＷ２×Ｄ２の回路基板４に接続し、端子Ｂを短絡
線３を介して導電性面１に接続している。In the first embodiment of the present invention, a hole is provided in the housing 5, and one end of the built-in loop element 2 is connected to the metal surface which is the conductive surface 1 through this hole through the short-circuit wire 3.
As shown in FIG. 2, a loop element 2 having a height H1 and a width W1 is arranged on a conductive surface 1, and at a feeding point of the loop element 2 as a loop antenna, a terminal A has a height H2 and a size W2 × D2 is connected to the circuit board 4, and the terminal B is connected to the conductive surface 1 via the short-circuit wire 3.
【００１４】次に、本発明第一実施例の動作を図３ない
し図６を参照して説明する。図３は導電性面１の影響を
説明する図である。図４は本発明第一実施例のループエ
レメント２の寸法を示す図である。図５は本発明第一実
施例の指向特性を示す図である。図６は短絡線３を流れ
る電流の方向を示す図である。本発明第一実施例のルー
プアンテナの共振特性は、ループエレメント２の高さＨ
１、幅Ｗ１、ループエレメント２の底面と導電性面１と
の距離ｍｈ、ループエレメント２の距離ｌｗ、回路基板
４の大きさＷ２、Ｄ２および高さＨ２によって変化す
る。Next, the operation of the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the influence of the conductive surface 1. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the dimensions of the loop element 2 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the directional characteristics of the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the direction of the current flowing through the short circuit wire 3. The resonance characteristic of the loop antenna of the first embodiment of the present invention is the height H of the loop element 2.
1, the width W1, the distance mh between the bottom surface of the loop element 2 and the conductive surface 1, the distance lw of the loop element 2, the sizes W2 and D2 of the circuit board 4, and the height H2.
【００１５】共振を与えるループアンテナの構造は、例
えば図３に示すような導電性面１の影響をイメージ６を
配置し回路基板４をメッシュ状の金属板としたワイヤグ
リッドモデルを用いて計算することによって算出するこ
とができる。図４にワイヤグリッドモデルを用いて算出
した共振を与える本発明第一実施例のループアンテナの
寸法の一例を示す。また、図４には、ループ幅Ｗ１以外
の構造パラメータを計算に用いた値と同じとし、放射レ
ベルのピークを与えるループ幅Ｗ１を測定により求めた
値をあわせて示す。放射レベルのピークを与えるＷ１
（測定値）と計算で得たＷ１は、その差が０．０１λ以
下であり、ほぼ一致していることがわかる。The structure of the loop antenna which gives resonance is calculated by using a wire grid model in which the image 6 is arranged and the circuit board 4 is a mesh-shaped metal plate as shown in FIG. 3, for example. It can be calculated by FIG. 4 shows an example of the dimensions of the loop antenna of the first embodiment of the present invention that gives resonance calculated using the wire grid model. In addition, FIG. 4 also shows the loop width W1 that gives the peak of the radiation level, obtained by measurement, with the structural parameters other than the loop width W1 being the same as the values used in the calculation. W1 that gives the peak emission level
The difference between the (measured value) and W1 obtained by calculation is 0.01λ or less, and it can be seen that they substantially match.
【００１６】図５に、図４に示したＨ１＝０．００８λ
に対応する本発明第一実施例のループアンテナの放射特
性を示す。測定面は図２に示す座標のｘｙ面内である。
ピークの利得−１５ｄＢｄは、従来の付加回路を持つ同
サイズのループアンテナの導電性面１の近傍での利得と
ほぼ等しい値であり、本発明第一実施例のループアンテ
ナがインピーダンスマッチング調整のための付加回路な
しで従来のループアンテナと同様の特性を有することが
確認できる。本構成では短絡線３が導電性面１から遠い
端子Ｂに接続されているために、短絡線３を流れる電流
の方向は図６に示すように短絡線３に近接するループエ
レメント２のａ−ａ′の辺を流れる電流の方向と同じと
なる。よって、短絡線３上の電流からの放射が、ａ−
ａ′辺を流れる電流による放射によって相殺されないた
めに、従来のループアンテナではｘ軸方向の放射は減衰
するがｘ軸方向にも放射を持つループアンテナが実現で
きる。In FIG. 5, H1 = 0.008λ shown in FIG.
The radiation characteristic of the loop antenna of the first embodiment of the present invention corresponding to is shown. The measurement plane is in the xy plane of the coordinates shown in FIG.
The peak gain of -15 dBd is almost equal to the gain in the vicinity of the conductive surface 1 of the loop antenna of the same size having the conventional additional circuit, and the loop antenna of the first embodiment of the present invention is for impedance matching adjustment. It can be confirmed that it has the same characteristics as the conventional loop antenna without the additional circuit. In this configuration, since the short-circuit wire 3 is connected to the terminal B far from the conductive surface 1, the direction of the current flowing through the short-circuit wire 3 is a− of the loop element 2 close to the short-circuit wire 3 as shown in FIG. This is the same as the direction of the current flowing through the side of a '. Therefore, the radiation from the current on the short-circuit wire 3 is a-
Since the radiation due to the current flowing through the side a'is not canceled, radiation in the x-axis direction is attenuated in the conventional loop antenna, but a loop antenna having radiation in the x-axis direction can be realized.
【００１７】次に、本発明第二実施例を図７および図８
を参照して説明する。図７は本発明第二実施例の構成図
である。図８は本発明第二実施例の動作特性を説明する
図である。図７に示すように本発明第二実施例では、筐
体５の外側表面の一部に接触金属板７を配置し短絡線３
を接触金属板７に接続して導電性面１に接触金属板７を
介して接触させる。本発明第二実施例は、人体等のよう
な損失性誘電体８を導電性面１として用いたときのよう
に、短絡線３を直接ハンダ付け等で固定できない場合に
有効である。アンテナの放射レベルは接触金属板７の面
積によって変化する。図８（ｂ）に、図８（ａ）の測定
配置における接触金属板７の面積と放射レベルの関係を
示す。ループエレメント２の高さや幅等の構造パラメー
タは図５と同様である。本発明第二実施例のように短絡
線３と損失性誘電体８の間に接触金属板７を配置して接
触させることにより、放射レベルを１５ｄＢと大きく改
善することができ、接触金属板７の面積８×１０-4（波
長2 ）以上では導電性面１に直接接続した場合とほぼ同
じ放射レベルを得ることができる。本発明第一および第
二実施例において導電性面１は平面であっても曲面であ
ってもよい。Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
Will be described with reference to. FIG. 7 is a block diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the operating characteristics of the second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 7, in the second embodiment of the present invention, the contact metal plate 7 is arranged on a part of the outer surface of the housing 5, and the short circuit wire 3 is provided.
Is connected to the contact metal plate 7 and brought into contact with the conductive surface 1 through the contact metal plate 7. The second embodiment of the present invention is effective when the short-circuit wire 3 cannot be fixed directly by soldering or the like like when the lossy dielectric 8 such as a human body is used as the conductive surface 1. The radiation level of the antenna changes depending on the area of the contact metal plate 7. FIG. 8B shows the relationship between the area of the contact metal plate 7 and the radiation level in the measurement arrangement of FIG. 8A. Structural parameters such as height and width of the loop element 2 are the same as those in FIG. By disposing and contacting the contact metal plate 7 between the short-circuit wire 3 and the lossy dielectric 8 as in the second embodiment of the present invention, the radiation level can be greatly improved to 15 dB, and the contact metal plate 7 can be improved. With an area of 8 × 10 −4 (wavelength 2 ) or more, almost the same radiation level as when directly connected to the conductive surface 1 can be obtained. In the first and second embodiments of the present invention, the conductive surface 1 may be a flat surface or a curved surface.
【００１８】[0018]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明によればル
ープアンテナの構造を自己共振を起こす形状に選定する
ことにより、インピーダンスマッチング調整のための付
加回路を用いずに共振状態のループアンテナを得ること
ができる。よって、製作時に付加回路および付加回路の
調整時間が不要となるため、製作コストおよび時間を大
幅に低減させることができる。As described above, according to the present invention, by selecting the structure of the loop antenna so as to cause self-resonance, the loop antenna in the resonance state can be formed without using an additional circuit for impedance matching adjustment. Obtainable. Therefore, since the additional circuit and the adjustment time for the additional circuit are not required at the time of manufacturing, the manufacturing cost and time can be significantly reduced.
【図１】本発明第一実施例の構成図。FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】本発明第一実施例の要部構成図。FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a main part of the first embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】導電性面の影響を説明する図。FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an influence of a conductive surface.
【図４】本発明第一実施例のループエレメントの寸法を
示す図。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing dimensions of a loop element according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
【図５】本発明第一実施例の指向特性を示す図。FIG. 5 is a diagram showing directional characteristics of the first embodiment of the present invention.
【図６】短絡線を流れる電流の方向を示す図。FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the direction of current flowing through a short-circuit line.
【図７】本発明第二実施例の構成図。FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention.
【図８】本発明第二実施例の動作特性を説明する図。FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating operating characteristics of the second embodiment of the present invention.
１ 導電性面 ２ ループエレメント ３ 短絡線 ４ 回路基板 ５ 筐体 ６ イメージ ７ 接触金属板 ８ 損失性誘電体 Ａ、Ｂ 端子 1 Conductive Surface 2 Loop Element 3 Short Circuit Line 4 Circuit Board 5 Housing 6 Image 7 Contact Metal Plate 8 Lossy Dielectric A, B Terminal
Claims (5)
有するループエレメントと、 このループエレメントのループ面にほぼ垂直な面を有す
る第一の導体と、 無線通信機の共通電位に接続されこの導体とは別電位に
設けられた第二の導体と、 前記開放端の一端が前記無線通信機のアンテナ給電点に
接続され、他端が短絡線を介して前記第一の導体に接続
されたことを特徴とするループアンテナ。1. A loop element formed of a conductive material and having one open end, a first conductor having a surface substantially perpendicular to a loop surface of the loop element, and a conductor connected to a common potential of a wireless communication device. A second conductor provided at a potential different from that, one end of the open end is connected to an antenna feeding point of the wireless communication device, and the other end is connected to the first conductor via a short-circuit wire. Loop antenna characterized by.
のほぼ１つ分を包含する面積を有する請求項１記載のル
ープアンテナ。2. The loop antenna according to claim 1, wherein the substantially vertical surface has an area including substantially one shape of the loop surface.
の少なくとも２つ分を包含する面積を有する請求項１記
載のループアンテナ。3. The loop antenna according to claim 1, wherein the substantially vertical surface has an area including at least two shapes of the loop surface.
置された回路基板上に構成された請求項１または２記載
のループアンテナ。4. The loop antenna according to claim 1, wherein the wireless communication device is formed on a circuit board arranged on the second conductor.
板を内包する筐体が設けられ、前記ループエレメントの
他端は、この筐体の外側表面の一部に設けられ別の大き
い導体に接触できるように構成された電極に接続された
請求項４記載のループアンテナ。5. A housing for enclosing the loop element and the circuit board is provided, and the other end of the loop element is provided on a part of the outer surface of the housing so as to be able to contact another large conductor. The loop antenna according to claim 4, which is connected to the configured electrode.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14904293A JP3518614B2 (en) | 1993-06-21 | 1993-06-21 | Loop antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14904293A JP3518614B2 (en) | 1993-06-21 | 1993-06-21 | Loop antenna |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH077312A true JPH077312A (en) | 1995-01-10 |
| JP3518614B2 JP3518614B2 (en) | 2004-04-12 |
Family
ID=15466384
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14904293A Expired - Fee Related JP3518614B2 (en) | 1993-06-21 | 1993-06-21 | Loop antenna |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3518614B2 (en) |
-
1993
- 1993-06-21 JP JP14904293A patent/JP3518614B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3518614B2 (en) | 2004-04-12 |
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