JPH0769168B2 - Ultrasonic rangefinder type H-shaped material flange width measuring method and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Industrial applications]

The present invention relates to an H-shaped material flange width measuring method and apparatus using an ultrasonic distance meter, which is suitable for non-contact measurement of the flange width of H-shaped steel at room temperature.

[Prior art]

Conventionally, as a technique for measuring the flange width of an H-shaped material, for example, H-shaped steel, there is a so-called backlite method as described in No. 5 of Volume 70 of the document "Iron and Steel". In this back light method, as shown in FIG. 4, a projector 2 is inserted into both flanges 10 of an H-shaped steel 14 and a camera 2 having a linear image sensor facing the outside of both flanges.
The camera 2 receives the light (parallel light) from the projector 1, detects the edge position of the flange, and measures the flange width. Further, there is a light cutting method disclosed in JP-A-57-144404. In this light cutting method, as shown in FIG. 5, slit lights (belt-shaped light beams) 3 and 4 are projected on both side surfaces of the H-shaped steel flange 10, and the reflected light is imaged by the cameras 5 and 6, and the imaging is performed. The flange width is measured by analyzing the image.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

However, the conventional flange width measuring technique has the following problems. The back light method requires a camera having a light projector and a linear image sensor, which makes the structure complicated and expensive. If the H-shaped material has a small size (for example, flange width × web height = 50 × 100 mm), the projector and the H-shaped material to be measured may come into contact with each other, which causes a practical problem. Further, the light cutting method requires a light source for projecting slit light and a camera, resulting in a large device configuration and high cost. Moreover, in order to ensure highly accurate measurement,
It is necessary to make the incident angle of the slit light smaller, but if the incident angle is made smaller, there is a possibility that the measurement result will be strongly affected by bending and the accuracy will deteriorate. Further, since the device configuration becomes large, the mounting work, especially the foundation work on the lower surface side becomes large. The present invention has been made in view of the above conventional problems,
An object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for measuring the flange width of an H-shaped material that can be accurately measured in a non-contact manner during traveling with low cost and a small device configuration while traveling.

[Means for achieving the object]

The present invention is an ultrasonic range finder which is installed so as to face both end surfaces of a flange of an H-shaped member, detects a distance to the end surface of the flange,
Obtaining the flange width from the detection distance, the flange, to detect the displacement in the direction perpendicular to the side surface, based on the detected displacement and the flange thickness, calculate the deviation amount of the flange with respect to the center line of the ultrasonic rangefinder, From the calculated deviation amount, the correction amount of the flange width is obtained based on the relationship between the deviation amount and the flange width measurement error obtained in advance, and the above-mentioned problem is achieved by correcting the obtained flange width with the correction amount. It is a thing. The present invention also provides an ultrasonic range finder, which is provided so as to face both end surfaces of the flange of the H-shaped member, for detecting the distance to the flange end surface, a means for obtaining the flange width from the detected distance, and the above flange. , Means for detecting the displacement in the direction perpendicular to the side surface thereof, means for calculating the deviation amount of the flange with respect to the center line of the ultrasonic rangefinder based on the detected displacement and the flange thickness, Means for storing the relationship between the deviation amount and the flange width measurement error as a table, means for obtaining a correction amount of the flange width based on the table from the calculated deviation amount, and The present invention also achieves the above object by providing means for correcting the corrected flange width and means for displaying the corrected flange width.

[Action]

The inventor has made various studies in order to enable the flange width measurement of the H-shaped material with a measuring device that is simpler, smaller in size, and less expensive than the related art. As a result, in order to configure the device at a low cost, it suffices to use an inexpensive sensor, so we considered the use of an ultrasonic range finder. When measuring the flange width with an ultrasonic range finder, the range width is calculated by providing distance meters facing the both end faces of the flange at predetermined intervals and subtracting the detection values of both distance meters from the intervals. However, when trying to measure the flange width with an ultrasonic range finder, it is necessary to measure the distance to both end faces of the flange with the range finder, but the width of the flange end face is narrow (in the case of the example, the minimum flange thickness Is 4.5 mm), and therefore, the reflection surface of ultrasonic waves becomes small, and the H-shaped material being conveyed is laterally shaken (also referred to as meandering), so that the detection accuracy cannot be guaranteed. Then, when the influence of the lateral shake on the measurement value of the ultrasonic range finder was investigated, it was found that there was a certain relationship between the lateral shake amount and the measurement error. An example of the survey results is shown in FIG. In this case, the deviation amount (lateral shake amount) C is the first
As shown in the figure, it refers to the amount of deviation of the flange 10 from the center line of the ultrasonic range finder 12. Further, the distance from the distance meter 12 to be detected to the end surface of the flange 10 is set to 160 mm,
Measured for H-section steel with flange thicknesses of 6.0 mm and 17 mm. From the results shown in FIG. 1, it was found that if the geometrical positional relationship of the flange side surface to the ultrasonic range finder, that is, the deviation amount of the flange from the center of the range finder is known, a measurement error due to lateral shake can be obtained. Therefore, the measurement error due to the lateral shake is investigated in advance for each flange thickness, and tabulated, for example. Online, the lateral shake is measured, the measurement error due to the lateral shake is obtained using the table, and the flange width measured with the ultrasonic range finder is corrected by the correction amount due to the measurement error, whereby the flange width is obtained accurately. be able to. The present invention was created based on the above findings. According to the present invention, since an inexpensive ultrasonic range finder is used and a light source is not required, the entire device configuration can be downsized and large-scale construction is not required. Further, since it is not necessary to insert the light source between the flanges, there is no fear of contact between the light source and the H-shaped member. Further, since the measurement error due to the lateral shake is reduced, the flange width of the H-shaped material during traveling can be accurately measured without contact.

【Example】

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. This embodiment is a flange of H-section steel 14 as shown in FIG.
This is a flange width measuring device for measuring 10 widths B ₁ and B ₂ . The H-section steel 14 to be measured has flanges with thicknesses of tf ₁ to tf ₄ . In FIG. 2, reference numeral 11 is H
A web of shaped steel 14 and 13 are end faces of the flange 10. The structure of the flange width measuring device is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, this flange width measuring device has an H-shaped steel 14
The upper surface of the flange 10, and ultrasonic distance meters 12A and 12B for detecting the distances l ₁ and l ₂ to the flange end surfaces, respectively, which are provided above and below the flange 10 so as to face both end surfaces thereof.
For detecting the position of the lower side from the distance l _3, l ₄ until their surfaces, flange position measuring distance meter 16A that the flange 10 consists of ultrasonic distance meter arranged in the vertical direction, and 16B, the detected distance Flange deviation from l ₃ and l ₄ (lateral runout)
Correction values E ₁ when calculating the flange width from the deviation amount calculators 18A and 18B for calculating C ₁ and C ₂ and the calculated deviation amounts C ₁ and C ₂ using a preset table. , E ₂ deviation correction value calculators, A flange width calculator 22 for calculating the flange width B from the detection distance and the correction values E ₁ , E ₂ , and the deviation amount calculator A flange thickness setter 24 for setting the flange thickness in 18A and 18B, and a display unit 26 for displaying the calculated flange width are provided. Although FIG. 3 shows only the configuration of an apparatus for measuring the flange width B ₁ of the H-section steel 14 on the left side in FIG. 3,
Since the device configuration for measuring the flange width B ₂ on the right side is also the same, the illustration and description of the configuration are omitted.
It is also possible to provide a flange width measuring device on only one side, measure the flange width B ₁ on one side, and then measure the flange width B ₂ on the other side by changing the position of the H-section steel 14 or the like. it can. Next, the operation of the embodiment will be described. When the flange width measuring device shown in FIG. 3 measures the flange width B of the H-section steel 14 (in the embodiment, the flange width B ₁ on the left side of the drawing), first the ultrasonic distance meters 12A and 12B are used to measure the flange end surfaces. The distances l ₁ and l ₂ to 13 are detected. On the other hand, the distance to the side of the flange with distance meters 16A and 16B for measuring the flange position
Detect l ₃ and l ₄ at the same time to know the position of the flange side surface. The deviation amount calculators 18A and 18B calculate the deviation amount of the flange 10 from the detection distances l ₃ and l ₄ as follows. in this case,
The flange thickness tf preset in the flange thickness setter 24 is input to each of the computing units 18A and 18B. The deviation amount calculators 18A and 18B use the input detection distance l ₃ ,
From l ₄ and the set flange thickness tf, the deviation amounts C ₁ and C ₂ of the upper and lower portions of the flange 10 are calculated by the following equations (1) and (2). C ₁ = L ₀₃ −l ₃ − (tf / 2)… (1) C ₂ = L ₀₄ −l ₄ − (tf / 2)… (2) where N ₀₃ is the distance meter 16A and Sonic distance meter 12A
Is a distance between the center line (C ₁ = 0 line) and L ₀₄ is a distance between the center line (C ₂ = 0 line) of the other distance meter 16B and the other ultrasonic distance meter 12B. The deviation correction value calculators 20A and 20B previously store a measurement error with respect to the deviation amount as a table for each flange thickness, as shown in FIG. Therefore, the bias correction value calculator 20
For A and 20B, the amount of deviation calculated in (1) and (2) above
The correction values E ₁ and E ₂ are obtained from C ₁ and C ₂ using the above table. Next, in the flange width calculator 22, the correction values E ₁ and E ₂ obtained as described above and the distances l ₁ and l ₂ to the flange end faces detected by the ultrasonic distance meters 12A and 12B are calculated from the flange width. B
Is calculated by the following equation (3). B = N ₀₁ − (l ₁ + E ₁ ) − (l ₂ + E ₂ ) ... (3) where L ₀₁ is the distance between the ultrasonic rangefinders 12A and 12B. The calculated flange width B is displayed on the display unit 26 and used as data for quality control of H-section steel. In this embodiment, since an inexpensive ultrasonic rangefinder is used as the flange position measuring rangefinder, the device can be constructed at a low cost. However, when carrying out the present invention, the flange position measuring rangefinder is not limited to using such an ultrasonic rangefinder,
Any other type of distance meter, such as a laser distance meter, can be used as long as it can detect the distance to the side surface of the flange in a non-contact manner. Further, although H-type steel is exemplified as the H-shaped material in the above-mentioned embodiment,
The H-section material whose flange width can be detected in the present invention is not limited to the H-section steel.

【The invention's effect】

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain an excellent effect that the flange width of the H-shaped member can be accurately measured in a non-contact manner with low cost and a small device configuration. Further, since the ultrasonic distance meter is used, the distance from the flange end surface to be measured can be large (about 200 mm), so that the distance meter is extremely unlikely to come into contact with the object to be measured, and the safety is high. Also, since the measurement cycle can be shortened to 5 msec (about 1/5 of the conventional optical cutting method), it is possible to perform measurement without problems even during running of 4 m / sec. Therefore, it can be said that the present invention is extremely useful.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of an error with respect to a deviation amount for explaining the principle of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross section showing an H-shaped steel to be measured by a flange width measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a block diagram including the partial cross-sectional view showing the overall structure of the apparatus of the embodiment, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a conventional flange width measuring device by the back light method, and FIG. [Fig. 4] is a perspective view showing a device configuration of the optical cutting method, similarly. 10 …… Flange, 12, 12A, 12B …… Ultrasonic rangefinder, 13 …… Flange end face, 14 …… H-shaped steel, 16A, 16B …… Flange position measuring rangefinder, 18A, 18B …… Calculation of deviation amount 20A, 20B …… Bias correction value calculator, 22 …… Flange width calculator, 24 …… Flange thickness setter, 26 …… Display section.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An ultrasonic range finder which is installed so as to face both end faces of a flange of an H-shaped member, detects the distance to the end face of the flange, obtains the flange width from the detected distance, and measures the flange width perpendicular to the side face of the flange. The displacement in the direction is detected, and based on the detected displacement and the flange thickness, the deviation amount of the flange with respect to the center line of the ultrasonic range finder is calculated. A method for measuring an H-shaped material flange width in an ultrasonic distance type, wherein a correction amount of the flange width is obtained based on the relationship, and the obtained flange width is corrected by the correction amount. 2. An ultrasonic range finder for detecting a distance to the flange end surface, which is provided so as to face both end surfaces of the flange of the H-shaped member, a means for obtaining a flange width from the detected distance, and a flange for the flange. , Means for detecting the displacement in the direction perpendicular to the side surface, means for calculating the deviation amount of the flange with respect to the center line of the ultrasonic rangefinder based on the detected displacement and the flange thickness, Means for storing the relationship between the deviation amount and the flange width measurement error as a table, means for obtaining the correction amount of the flange width based on the table from the calculated deviation amount, and An ultrasonic range finder type H-shaped material flange width measuring device comprising means for correcting the corrected flange width and means for displaying the corrected flange width.