JPH0768868B2 - Underground excavator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial field of application) The present invention makes a horizontal shaft with a cross section applicable to subways, road tunnels, water and sewage systems, bridges, building foundations, and vertical shafts deep underground in the ground. The present invention relates to an underground excavator suitable for constructing a caisson for sinking and building, and an inclined shaft for an entrance and exit of a subway.

In addition, the underground in the present invention means the ground including the ground surface, and therefore, the underground excavator used for the construction of a canal or an open channel is also included in the present invention.

(Prior Art) Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-134787 is a conventional example of an underground excavator in the case of constructing a horizontal shaft, a vertical shaft, and an inclined shaft having a modified cross section.

FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b) show such a prior art example. In this underground excavator, rotary excavators 101 and 102 are provided on both sides of a face chamber B in an oval shield cylinder 100, respectively, and upper and lower parts are provided. The parts are provided with excavators 103 and 104 having a parallel link mechanism, and a rotary excavator 105 having a small diameter is provided in a substantially central portion between them so that excavation cross sections of various shapes can be dealt with. ing.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, in the underground excavator having the above-described configuration, the arm 1 that is the main part of the drive mechanism that drives the excavating tools 103, 104.
Since 06 moves in the face chamber B in front of the partition wall 107, a great resistance acts on the arm 106, and the driving force becomes large.

Further, since the connecting portion between the excavators 103, 104 and the support shaft 108 is rotatably attached in the earth and sand in the face chamber B, there is a problem that a trouble is likely to occur and repair is difficult when the trouble occurs.

The present invention has been proposed in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide an underground excavator equipped with an excavator using a parallel link mechanism for constructing a horizontal shaft, a vertical shaft, and a slant shaft having a modified cross section. In order to reduce the movement resistance of the excavator, reduce the possibility of damage to the support shaft of the excavator, and to provide an underground excavator that facilitates repair when trouble occurs.

(Means for Solving the Problem) A partition wall is provided in the front part of a shield cylinder of an excavator having an arbitrary shape for excavating underground, and a plurality of disk cylinder-shaped rotating bodies are rotatably supported on the partition wall. A rotatable support shaft is provided in a position deviated from the rotation center of the rotating body in parallel with the rotation center, and an excavating tool is arranged at the front end of this supporting shaft. Of the excavation tool is rotated in a parallel link mechanism through the support shaft to excavate a part or substantially the entire required excavation cross section, and the rear part of the excavator having the parallel link mechanism, the front face of the rotating body, and The partition wall is provided with an appropriate number of stirring mechanisms, and the stirring mechanisms are arranged so as not to collide with each other when the excavator is rotated.

(Operation) In the present invention, the rotation resistance which is the main part of the drive mechanism of the excavating tool having the parallel link mechanism is housed in the partition wall in the above-described configuration, thereby reducing the motion resistance in the face chamber. ing.

In addition, since the support shaft of the excavator is supported by the rotating body supported by the partition wall, the possibility of damage is reduced, and even when trouble occurs, repair is facilitated, resulting in improved workability. It is also advantageous in terms of economy.

(Embodiment 1) FIGS. 1 (a) to 1 (d) show a first embodiment of the present invention, which is applied to a mud pressure shield having a substantially rectangular excavation cross section.

In the figure, 1 is an underground excavator, 2 is a component of the underground excavator 1, and is a shield cylinder having a substantially rectangular cross-section.
A hood 3 is formed in front of the hood 3, and the inside of the hood is partitioned by a partition wall 4 to form a face chamber.

As shown in FIGS. 1 (b) and 1 (d), reference numeral 5 denotes a hollow short cylindrical rotating body which is arranged two above and two below and is rotatably supported by the partition wall 4. As shown in FIG. 1 (a), this rotating body 5 has a front portion 6 facing the face of the face of the face.
And a cylindrical portion 7 and a rear portion 8 located inside the mine. The rotating body 5 as a whole is divided into the outer peripheral side of the cylindrical portion 7 and the partition wall 4.
Large-diameter bearing provided on the rear portion 8 side and sealed by a seal 9 provided between the inner peripheral side and the opposite inner peripheral side
It is pivoted by 10.

Further, each of the rotating bodies 5 has a support shaft 11 penetrating at a position deviated from the center thereof, is provided inside the rotating body 5 on the outer peripheral side thereof, and is fixed by a bearing case 14 to a radial bearing 12-. 1,12-2 and thrust bearing 12-
A seal 13 is provided on the front portion 6 of the rotating body 5 while being supported by 3 and the like. The support shaft 11 is for transmitting the motion of the rotating body 5 to the excavator 25, which will be described later, and the mounting position is selected according to the size and shape of the excavated cross section.

An additive material injection hole 15 is formed inside the support shaft 11, and the rear of the additive material injection hole 15 is connected to one end of an additive material injection pipe 17 via a swivel joint 16 provided at the rear end of the support shaft 11. Has been done. The other end of the additive injection pipe 17 is connected to a swivel joint 18 provided on the rotating body 5. The swivel joint 18 is supported at a substantially central portion of the rear portion 8 of the rotating body 5, and an additive material injection pipe 19 is provided in the front and rear thereof, and in front of the additive material injection pipe 19, the front portion of the rotating body 5 is substantially formed. It is projected in the center and located in the face chamber,
Additive material discharge hole and stirring rod with additive material injection hole inside
It is connected with 20.

A gear 21 for rotating the rotating body 5 is provided on the outer periphery of the rear portion 8 of the rotating body 5. The gear 21 is a drive motor 22.
It is configured to mesh with a pinion 23 provided on the drive shaft of and to rotate via these mechanisms.

Further, in the above, the additive material injection hole 15 in the support shaft 11 passes through the inside of the girder material 24 provided at the front end of the support shaft 11, and the additive material such as bentonite solution can be jetted to the face.

This girder member 24 is used for supporting shafts so as to form so-called parallel links.
It is connected to 11 and also constitutes a drilling tool 25. That is, the excavating blade 26 is provided on the front surface of the girder material 24, and the additive material discharge hole 27 faces the cutting face so that the additive material can be jetted to the cutting face. On the other hand, a stirring blade 28 is provided on the rear surface of the girder material 24 that constitutes the excavator 25. In addition, this drilling tool
The shape of 25 is determined by the shape of the excavation section, and is configured so that the entire excavation section can be excavated in one rotation.

In addition, 29 is a stirring rod provided on the front surface of the rotating body 5, 30 is a pressure gauge provided on the surface of the partition 4 on the face side A, and 31 is the partition 4
An earth discharging device such as a screw conveyor whose front end is connected to the lower part of the above, and 32 is a jack for propulsion, which is arranged in a proper number behind the partition wall 4 and inside the shield tube 2.

Next, the operation of the underground excavator 1 having the above configuration will be described.

The rotating body 5 which is the main part of the drive mechanism of the excavator 25 having the parallel link mechanism is rotated by the drive device, but the plurality of rotating bodies 5 are synchronously controlled and simultaneously rotate in the same direction at the same speed. The motion is transmitted to the excavator 25 via the support shaft 11 and moved. Then, the cutting face is cut by the excavating blade 26 attached to the front surface of the excavator 25.

The cut earth and sand are taken into the face chamber A and filled with it, and the inside of the face chamber A is pressurized by the jack 32 for propelling, and the stirring blade 28 and the stirring rod 29 sufficiently knead with the injected additive material. After being mixed, the soil is made impermeable and has a plastic fluidity, the pressure of this mixture stabilizes the face, and while maintaining a constant pressure with the pressure gauge 30, the soil discharging device 31 discharges an appropriate amount of soil. While digging.

The excavation blade 26 attached to the excavator 25 is moved within a range in which the entire excavation surface can be cut.

In addition, the stirring blade 29 attached to the stirring blade 28 and the rotating body 5 and protruding into the cutting chamber A and the stirring rod 20 serving also as the additive material discharge hole are arranged so as to stir the entire cutting chamber A without colliding with each other. Has been done.

Then, in this case, the excavator 25 having a parallel link mechanism is used.
The main body of the rotating body 5, which is the main part of the drive mechanism of the
Since it is housed inside and is not located inside the face chamber A, the motion resistance is reduced accordingly when the excavator 25 is excavated.

Further, although the excavated earth and sand are taken into the face chamber A, the possibility of being damaged by the gravel contained therein is reduced.

(Embodiment 2) FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b) show a second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a shield cylinder 2'is formed so that the excavated cross section has a horseshoe shape, and First from the approximate center to the lower part
The four rotating bodies 5 described in the embodiment are provided, and the excavator 25 'is assembled at the tip of the support shaft 11 by a girder having a desired shape.

Further, in order to excavate the unexcavated portion, a rotatable center shaft 33 is provided at a substantially central portion of the face chamber A, and a spoke 36 constituting a rotary excavator 35 is provided at the tip thereof, and a front surface of the spoke 36 is provided. The digging blades 37, 38 are provided, and the stirring blade 39 is attached to the rear surface, so that the upper part of the face chamber A, which cannot be digged by the digging tool 25 ', can be digged. ing. Needless to say, since the excavator 25 'having the parallel link mechanism and the rotary excavator 35 are simultaneously activated, they are provided at positions where they do not collide with each other.

Other configurations and operations are similar to those of the first embodiment.

(Embodiment 3) FIGS. 3A and 3B show a third embodiment of the present invention.

In this embodiment, a shield cylinder 2 ″ is formed so that the excavated cross section has an elliptical shape, and an appropriate number of rotating bodies 5 described in the first embodiment are mounted at arbitrary places, and in front of the support shaft 11, at the center. It constitutes an elliptical excavator 25 ″ with a circular opening.

Further, a center shaft 33 is rotatably provided in the center of the face chamber A for excavating an unexcavated portion in the center, and a spoke 36 that constitutes a rotary excavator 35 is provided at the tip thereof, and an excavating blade is provided on the front surface thereof. 37, 38, and a stirring blade 39 is attached to the rear surface. The excavator 25 ″ having the parallel link mechanism is provided on the same plane as the rotary excavator 35, and the excavators 25 ″ move without colliding with each other, so that substantially the entire cross section can be excavated. The radius of the central opening circle of the excavator 25 ″ having a link mechanism is substantially equal to the sum of the radius of rotation of the rotary excavator 35 and the radius of rotation of the support shaft 11.

Although the rotary excavator 35 is located at the central portion, it can be provided at various positions if necessary, and an appropriate number is provided. Further, the excavator 25 ″ may have not only a face plate but also a slit-like structure assembled with girder materials.

Further, in the above-described first embodiment, the excavation cross section has a substantially square shape, the second embodiment has a horse tightening shape, and the third embodiment has an oval shape. The present invention can be applied to any excavated cross section such as a circular shape, an elliptical shape, a trapezoidal shape, an oval shape, a rectangular shape, an eyebrow shape, and a triangular shape, depending on its range of motion.

Also, the number of rotating bodies can be selected as appropriate from the viewpoint of strength, power, etc.

Moreover, it can be widely used not only for side shafts but also for building vertical shafts such as caisson and inclined shafts.

Further, although the above-mentioned embodiment has been described with respect to the mud pressure shield, it can be applied to any construction method such as a mud pressure shield, a bubble shield, an open type mechanical shield, an earth pressure type shield,
The installation of the stirring blade and the injection of the additive are carried out as needed.

(Effect of the Invention) As described above, according to the present invention, the main body of the rotating body, which is the main part of the driving mechanism of the excavator having the parallel link mechanism, is housed in the partition wall without being located in the face chamber. It is possible to reduce the motion resistance in the facet chamber when rotating the.

Also, since the main part of the drive mechanism is not exposed in the face chamber and the support shaft of the excavator is supported by the rotating body that is rotatably supported by the partition wall, there is little possibility of damage and trouble will occur. Even if it is done, it is easy to repair, thus improving workability and economy.

Furthermore, if the excavating tool is provided with a stirring means, it is possible to prevent the solidification of the soil and the like in the chamber when the additive material is injected, and it is possible to cope with various soil types and to smoothly excavate.

[Brief description of drawings]

1A is a longitudinal sectional view of a shield excavator according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1B is a sectional view taken along arrow A in FIG. 1A, and FIG. (D) is a sectional view taken along the line C in FIG. (A), and FIG. 2 (a) is a front view of a second embodiment of the present invention.
(B) is a sectional view taken along AA, FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b) are the third embodiment of the present invention, (a) is a front view, (b) is a longitudinal sectional view, and FIG. 4 (a) is It is a front view of the underground excavation device of a prior art example, and the same (b) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view. 1 ... Shield excavator 2 ... Hood 3 ... Shield cylinder 4 ... Partition wall 5 ... Rotating body 6 ... Rotating body front surface 7 ... Cylindrical cylinder body 8 ... Rotating body rear surface 9 ... Seal 10 ... … Large diameter bearing 11 …… Support shaft 12-1 …… Radial bearing 12-2 …… Thrust bearing 12-3 …… Radial bearing 13 …… Seal 14 …… Bearing case 15 …… Additive material injection hole 16 …… Swivel Joint 17,19 …… Additive material injection pipe 18 …… Swivel joint 20 …… Additive material discharge hole and stirring rod 21 …… Gear 22 …… Drive motor 23 …… Pinion 24 …… Girder material 25,25 ″ …… Drilling Tool 27 …… Additive material discharge hole 28 …… Stirring blade 29 …… Stirring rod 30 …… Pressure gauge 31 …… Soil removal device 32 …… Propulsion jack

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (56) Reference JP-A-59-192193 (JP, A) JP-A-63-134786 (JP, A) JP-A-1-310091 (JP, A)

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A partition is provided at a front portion of a shield cylinder of an excavator having an arbitrary shape for excavating underground, and a plurality of disk cylinder-shaped rotating bodies are rotatably supported on the partition, and the rotating body is rotated. A support shaft rotatable in parallel with the center of rotation is provided at a position deviated from the center, and an excavator is arranged at the front end of this support shaft. Rotate like a parallel link mechanism via a support shaft to excavate a part or substantially the entire required excavation cross section, and a suitable number on the rear part of the excavator having the parallel link mechanism, the front face of the rotating body and the partition wall. 2. An underground excavator, wherein the stirring mechanism is provided so that the stirring mechanism does not collide with each other when the excavator is rotated. 2. A rotary excavator having one or a plurality of rotary excavators having a stirring mechanism and an excavator having the parallel link mechanism, wherein rotation of the rotary excavator and excavator having the parallel link mechanism occur in rotation thereof. The underground excavator according to claim 1, wherein the underground excavators are arranged so as not to collide with each other.