JPH0767312A - Three-phase claw-pawl permanent-magnet type rotary electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make the total length of a motor thin without the overlap of the stator of each phase in the direction of a rotary shaft by combining hybrid- type rotors, wherein the pole teeth are held at a 1/2 pitch so that the rotors can be freely rotated at the specified gap from a stator. CONSTITUTION:Comb-shaped pole teeth 1a are arranged and formed at the specified circular interval at a right angle by concentrically bending the punched parts from the center in the radial pattern toward the center of a first stator pole 1. Other stator poles 1b and 1c are formed by the same way. Three groups of the pole groups 1a-1c are arranged at the interval of 120 deg.. The same number of pole teeth 4a-4c are provided in the same pattern as the stator pole l in a second stator pole 4. The pole teeth 4a-4c are combined so that the teeth are placed in the grooves of the pole teeth of the first stator poles 1 at the pitch of 1/2 one another. When one coil 3a of three coils is excited with DC, the same numbers of the N Poles and the S poles are alternately arranged in the pole teeth group 4a for one phase.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is a three-phase crow-pol type permanent magnet type rotary electric machine suitable for use in an electric rotary type actuator for driving a laser beam printer or a facsimile. Regarding

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art First, the contents and structure of the prior art will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 shows an annular coil type three-phase rotating electric machine such as a variable reluctance type stepping motor according to the prior art. Reference numeral 10 denotes a stator, which has comb-teeth-shaped pole teeth as shown in FIG. Rotation in which the stator parts 10A to 10C of the first to third phases provided are axially arranged, and the stator parts 10A to 10C are opposed to each other on the inner peripheral side of the stator parts 10A to 10C with a predetermined gap. The rotor 11 is also made up of rotor portions 11A to 11C of the first to third phases, and the rotor portions 11A to 11C of the respective phases are opposite stator portions 10A to 10C, respectively.
It has 0C pole teeth and the same number of pole teeth.
The step angle is determined by shifting the position between the phases of 1A to 11C, and when the coils 12A to 12C are excited in the order of 1 phase, 2 phase, and 3 phase, a constant step operation is performed. . In addition, 11d is a rotating shaft.
Thus, the conventional annular coil type three-phase rotating electric machine is configured, and the phase distribution is in the axial direction. The three-phase rotating electric machine configured in this way can have a larger output than the two-phase type,
When used as a stepping motor, the step angle can be made smaller than that of the two-phase type, and its resolution can be increased. Therefore, the rotary electric machine has advantages over the two-phase type.

[0003]

By the way, in the conventional three-phase rotating electric machine configured as described above, since each phase is arranged in the direction of the rotation axis, the total length of the motor becomes long and the thickness is reduced. Was not suitable for. In addition, since the mutual induction inductances of the three coils are different between the central coil and the coils at both ends, there is a problem that periodical fluctuations are likely to occur in each phase current during rotation, and vibration torque is likely to occur during rotation. . SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a three-phase crow-pol type permanent magnet type rotary electric machine that solves the above-mentioned problems (problems) of conventional ones.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A three-phase cropo of the present invention.
In order to solve the above problems, the permanent magnet type rotating electric machine of the inner rotor type or the outer rotor type has three-phase stator poles arranged on the same plane. 3m on the yoke formed on one of the pair of stator poles
A magnetic iron plate having poles in the shape of comb teeth at both ends of a magnetic path of 3 m formed by arranging coils, and the stator is constituted by exciting the coils. Magnets having different polarities via the coils and passing through at least 3 m coils.
One of the pole teeth is narrowed or magnetically disconnected so that each pole tooth group magnetized by 3m coils is magnetically saturated. The pole teeth and the groove are arranged in a non-contact manner on the same circumference with a shift of 1/2 pitch from each other, and N poles and S poles are alternately arranged at equal pitches through the pole teeth and the air gap. Each of the above-mentioned stators is a ring-shaped rotor or a hybrid rotor in which a permanent magnet magnetized in two poles in the rotation axis direction is a magnetic body having the same number of pole teeth, and the pole teeth are sandwiched so as to be displaced by 1/2 pitch. It is configured to be rotatably combined with a predetermined gap. However, m is 1 or 2. Also,
In the rotational axis direction gap type (axial gap type), in the above configuration, the respective pole teeth are arranged in a non-contact manner with the pole tooth portions and the groove portions displaced from each other by 1/2 pitch on the same plane, The comb teeth are rotatably combined with a disc-shaped rotor in which N poles and S poles are alternately provided at equal pitches on a circumference circumferentially arranged with a predetermined gap. As configured. The above N pole and S
Let Z be the logarithm of the N and S poles of the rotor in which the poles are alternately arranged at equal pitches (the number of pole pairs), or the number of teeth of the hybrid rotor is Z, and the tooth pitch of the comb teeth of the above-mentioned stator (identical If the polar tooth pitch) is θ degrees, then Z = 3n ± 1 and 360 ° / (Z + 2) ≦ θ ≦ 36
It is desirable to satisfy 0 ° / (Z-2). However, n is a positive integer of 1 or more. In addition, instead of forming a pair of comb-teeth-shaped pole teeth on the stator pole, a stator composed of one magnetic plate is used.
A plurality of slits for forming pole teeth may be formed in the portion corresponding to the pole teeth of the tapor.

[0005]

The function of the present invention is constructed as described above,
The three coils 2 are sequentially excited by direct current, or three-phase balanced alternating current (phases differ by 120 ° in terms of electrical angle) are made to flow to form a three-phase rotating electric machine. Since each phase stator does not overlap with each other, it is advantageous to make the motor thin, and each coil is structurally symmetrical even when viewed from its magnetic circuit, so that the mutual induction inductance is uniform among the phases. Becomes

[0006]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First Embodiment: FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a stator S of an inner rotor type three-phase crow-pole permanent magnet type rotary electric machine according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The rotor is not shown in. As the rotor, the rotor R1 or R2 shown in FIG. 2 (A) or FIG. 2 (B) is combined with the stator S shown in FIG. That is, FIG. 2A shows a ring-shaped permanent magnet rotor R1 in which Z N poles and S poles are alternately magnetized. FIG. 2B shows a hybrid rotor R2 in which a desk-shaped permanent magnet magnetized with two poles in the axial direction is sandwiched between two magnetic rotors each having Z pole teeth. Any of the rotors R1 and R2 can be operated in combination with the stator S of the invention of FIG. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 is a first stator pole, which is manufactured by pressing a magnetic iron plate. Reference numeral 1a is a comb-teeth-shaped pole tooth, and a portion radially punched toward the center of the stator pole 1 is bent concentrically from the center and is formed at a right angle over a predetermined section on the circumference. When the motor is designed to be thick in the axial direction in order to increase the output, it may be formed by bending a radially punched product in the outer peripheral direction. The other pole tooth groups 1b and 1c of the first stator pole 1 are also formed in the same manner, and thus the three comb tooth-shaped pole tooth groups 1a to 1c arranged on the circumference are Their centers are 120
They are arranged at intervals of ° (mechanical angle). On the outer circumference of the stator pole 1 shown in FIG. 1, three yokes 2a to 2c are provided in correspondence with the above-mentioned approximately three groups of polar tooth groups 1a to 1c, respectively. To 2c, an annular coil 3a for excitation
3c are wound, and a second stator pole 4 formed by press molding or the like from another magnetic iron plate is combined. This second stator pole 4 has the same shape as the first stator pole 1 and is provided with the same number of pole teeth 4a to 4c. These pole teeth 4a and 4b are the first stator poles. Are combined so as to be shifted by ½ pitch from each other in the groove of the pole tooth of the rule 1 (intermediate between the teeth), and one of the three coils (for example, one-phase coil 3a) is DC-excited. And the polar tooth group 4 for one phase
In a, the same number of N poles and S poles are alternately arranged. It is desirable that the three pole tooth groups 4a to 4c of the second stator pole 4 are magnetically non-connected, but when they are connected by a non-magnetic material, the connecting parts are as shown in the figure. It is desirable to use a unitary body that is narrowed and connected so as to be magnetically saturated.
The pitch of each pole tooth group of the stator S configured as described above is θ ° (mechanical angle), and this stator S and each rotor R1, R2 of FIG. 2 (A) or (B) are The inner rotor type permanent magnet type rotating electric machine of the present invention is constructed in combination. In this case, when the number of poles of the north pole and the south pole of the rotor R1 shown in FIG. 2A or the number of teeth of the hybrid rotor R2 shown in FIG.
When the following expression 1 (hereinafter referred to as the expression (1)) is satisfied, in the rotating electric machine of the present invention, the pole teeth are separated by 120 ° and the magnetic path dimensions are symmetrical, so that the step angle accuracy and the step Holding torque becomes uniform.

[0007]

[Equation 1]

The left side of the equation (1) is the step angle of the three-phase permanent magnet type stepping motor, the first term on the right side is the angle formed by the centers of the three pole tooth groups, and the second term is the center line. It is the closest rotor tooth position, and the difference between the first and second terms is also the step angle, and the equation holds. Note that n is a positive integer that is not 0. By rearranging this equation (1), the following equation (3) is derived. Z = 3n ± 1 (3)

Further, it is necessary that the pitch θ of the pole teeth be approximately equal to 360 ° / Z, and in order to reduce the harmonic components of the interlinkage magnetic flux with the stator coil of the rotor, the pitch thereof should be reduced. Is effective to some extent, and the range is practically given by the following equation 2 (hereinafter referred to as equation (2)).

[0010]

[Equation 2]

The above-mentioned first embodiment shows the case where each of the pole tooth group and the annular coil is three, but even when the pole tooth group and the annular coil are six, the formula (1 ), The relations of the equations (3) and (2) are respectively established.

Second Embodiment: FIGS. 3A and 3B show the case where the present invention is applied to an outer-rotor type electric rotating machine, respectively. FIG. 1A shows an outer rotor type stator S1. As shown, a pair of first and second stator poles 21 and 24 and three yokes 22 are provided.
a to 22c, coils 23a to 23c wound around the yokes 22a to 22c, and respective stator poles 21 and 24.
Teeth 21b, 21c; 24a-2 formed on the outer peripheral side of the
4c (the pole teeth 21a are not shown) are provided.
In short, the stator S1 of this embodiment is the inner member shown in FIG.
This corresponds to a configuration in which the yoke portion and the pole tooth portion are respectively moved to the inner circumference and the outer circumference in the configuration of the stator S of the rotor type rotary electric machine. FIG. 3B shows a ring-shaped rotor 25 and a rotor shaft 26 that are arranged opposite to each other on the outer peripheral side of the stator S1 with a predetermined gap therebetween. The rotor 25 is constructed by alternately magnetizing permanent magnets in N and S poles. The rotor shaft 26 is connected to one end of the rotor 25 via a cup (not shown), and supports the stator S1 via bearings (not shown).

Third Embodiment: FIGS. 4A to 4C show the case where the present invention is applied to a rotating shaft direction gap type (axial gap type) rotating electric machine. FIG. 4A shows a stator S3 in a first configuration example of an axial gap type stator to which the present invention is applied. In FIG. 4A, 27 is a first
, 27A to 27C are polar teeth for three phases formed by bending the outer peripheral ends of the stator poles, and 28A to 28C are second stator poles which also serve as yokes. Each phase coil 29A to 29C is wound around the portion, and the tip of the yoke is pole teeth 27A to 27B of the first stator pole 27.
Polar teeth 30A to 30C to be combined with are formed. FIG. 4B shows a stator S4 which is a second configuration example of the axial gap type stator to which the present invention is applied. As shown in the figure, this is the first configuration example of FIG. 4A. 4A is a modified version of FIG.
Pole teeth 27A to 27C and 30A to 30C that were divided into
Is composed of one magnetic plate 31, and a plurality of slits 32A to 32C (one less than the number of pole teeth) are provided for the pole teeth corresponding to each phase. By causing saturation, each coil 3
Fig. 4 (A) shows the magnetic poles of each phase when 3A to 33C are excited.
It is formed so as to be equivalent to. Figure 4 (C)
Shows a rotor R3 combined with each stator S3 or S4 of FIG. 4 (A) or (B). This rotor R3 has N and S poles alternately arranged on the circumference as shown in the figure. A multi-pole magnet arranged in the form of a disk, is arranged with a predetermined gap in the axial direction from the surface of the stator S3 or S4 on the side of the pole teeth, and is provided perpendicularly to the center of the rotor R3. The rotating shaft may be rotatably supported. When the axial gap type is used as described above, the inertial force of the rotor can be reduced, or the rotor can be made flatter. In addition, also in the above-mentioned inner rotor type and outer rotor type rotary electric machines,
Corresponding to the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 (B), the pole teeth may be formed in a circular shape by forming a slit in one magnetic plate so as to have the function of the pole teeth of each phase.

[0014]

Since the three-phase crow-pol type permanent magnet type rotary electric machine according to the present invention is constructed as described above, the advantages of the three-phase permanent magnet are high output, high efficiency and low vibration. While retaining, it also has the following excellent effects. The total length of the motor can be reduced. Since the mutual induction inductance is uniform, even lower vibration and higher precision positioning are possible. Conventionally, three sets of six stator poles were required, but with the basic configuration of FIG. 1, the first and second stator poles 1,
It becomes 2 of 2, which is advantageous for cost reduction. In the conventional case, for example, in the formula (1), n = 1
When Z = 3, Z = 40, and in the structure shown in FIG. 2 (A), the outer diameter of the rotor is about 34 m / m.
The step angle can be set to 1.5 ° from the left side of this, which is the same for the two-phase type and the step angle is 2.2
Compared with a large angle of 5 °, it has the effect of significantly reducing the step angle.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a stator of an inner rotor type three-phase crow-pol type permanent magnet type rotary electric machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

2A and 2B are perspective views of a cylindrical permanent magnet rotor and a hybrid rotor used in combination with the stator of FIG. 1, respectively.

FIGS. 3A and 3B are respectively a stator and a rotor of an outer rotor type three-phase crow-pole permanent magnet type rotary electric machine according to a second embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of a child.

4A and 4B are first and second stators of an axial gap type three-phase crow-pole permanent magnet type rotary electric machine, respectively, which is a third embodiment of the present invention. 2 configuration example,
Further, FIG. 3C is a perspective view showing the structure of the rotor combined with these stators.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a conventional three-phase crow-poor variable reluctance type rotary electric machine.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 21: first stator poles 2a to 2c, 22a to 22c: yokes 3a to 3c, 23a to 23c, 29A to 29C, 33A
-33C: Annular coil 4,24: Second stator pole S, S1 to S4: Stator R1 to R3, 25: Rotor

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A 3 m coil is arranged in a yoke formed in one of a pair of stator poles in which the stator poles for three phases are arranged on the same plane. The stator is composed of a magnetic iron plate having comb-shaped pole teeth at both ends of a magnetic path of 3 m formed through the magnet, and is magnetized to have different polarities through the yoke by exciting the coil. And at least one of the stator poles on the same direction side of the magnetic body that has passed through at least 3 m coils is magnetically saturated between each pole tooth group magnetized by 3 m coils. The pole teeth and the groove are arranged in a non-contact combination with the pole teeth and the groove displaced from each other by ½ pitch on the same circumference so that the connection is narrowed or magnetically disconnected. A ring shape in which N poles and S poles are alternately arranged at equal pitches through pole teeth and air gaps. A rotor or a hybrid rotor in which a permanent magnet magnetized with two poles in the direction of the rotation axis is sandwiched by a magnetic body having the same number of pole teeth so that the pole teeth are displaced by 1/2 pitch, is a rotor and a predetermined rotor, respectively. An inner-rotor-type or outer-rotor-type three-phase crow-pol type permanent magnet type rotating electric machine characterized by being rotatably combined with a gap. However, m is 1 or 2. 2. A 3 m coil is arranged in a yoke formed in one of a pair of stator poles in which the stator poles for three phases are arranged on the same plane. The stator is composed of a magnetic iron plate having comb-shaped pole teeth at both ends of a magnetic path of 3 m formed through the magnet, and is magnetized to have different polarities through the yoke by exciting the coil. And at least one of the stator poles on the same direction side of the magnetic body that has passed through at least 3 m coils is magnetically saturated between each pole tooth group magnetized by 3 m coils. The pole teeth and the groove are arranged on the same plane so that the pole teeth and the groove are offset by ½ pitch from each other and are combined in a non-contact manner. The N and S poles are equally spaced over the circumference of the circle, which is axially arranged with a certain gap from the teeth. Switch rotatably combined with disk-shaped rotors alternately provided in the rotary shaft direction gap type (axial gap type) three-phase crow-pol type permanent magnet type rotary electric machine . However, m is 1 or 2. 3. The number of poles of the N-pole and the S-pole of the rotor in which the N-pole and the S-pole are alternately arranged at an equal pitch, or the number of teeth of the hybrid rotor is Z, and When the tooth pitch of the comb teeth of the stator (the tooth pitch of the same polarity) is θ degrees, Z = 3n ± 1 and 360 ° / (Z + 2) ≦ θ ≦ 36
3. The three-phase black according to claim 1, which satisfies 0 ° / (Z-2).
Poling type permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine. However, m is 1 or 2, n
Is a positive integer of 1 or more. 4. The number of poles of the N-pole and the S-pole of the rotor in which the N-pole and the S-pole are alternately arranged at an equal pitch, or the number of teeth of the hybrid rotor is Z, and When the tooth pitch of the comb teeth of the stator (the tooth pitch of the same polarity) is θ degrees, Z = 3n ± 1 and 360 ° / (Z + 2) ≦ θ ≦ 36
3. The three-phase black according to claim 2, which satisfies 0 ° / (Z-2).
Poling type permanent magnet type rotating electrical machine. However, m is 1 or 2, n
Is a positive integer of 1 or more. 5. Instead of forming a pair of comb-teeth-shaped pole teeth on the stator pole, a pole tooth is formed on the portion corresponding to the pole tooth of the stator pole constituted by one magnetic plate. A three-phase crow-pol type permanent magnet type rotary electric machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a plurality of slits for forming the slit are formed.