JPH0764122A - Electrostatic driving device, optical element and display plate - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an electrostatic driving device of a novel type for which electrostatic attraction and repulsion forces are utilized, the optical element which is suitable for use as a vertical type utilizing this device and the display plate which is suitable for use as a vertical type of a transmission or reflection type arranged with the optical elements. CONSTITUTION:This electrostatic driving device consists of a driving section 1 consisting of a sheet-like material and a stationary part 3 consisting of plural band-shaped electrodes and insulator and is constituted by driving this driving section 1 into a housing casing 2. This optical element is composed of two sheets of sheet-like materials and driving means for driving at least one sheet of these sheet-like materials. The electrostatic driving device is used as the driving means for the optical element. This display plate is constituted by arranging a plurality of such optical elements.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electrostatic drive device, an optical element and a display plate. More specifically, the present invention relates to an electrostatic drive device utilizing electrostatic attraction and repulsion, and a vertical drive using the electrostatic drive device. The present invention relates to an optical element suitable for use in a mold (a state in which it is perpendicular to the ground) and a display plate suitable for use in a transmissive or reflective vertical type in which the optical elements are arranged.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a film driving device utilizing electrostatic attraction and repulsion, an electrostatic film actuator has been proposed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-285978.
The electrostatic film actuator is composed of a mover composed of a stator and a resistor in which electrodes are arranged at regular intervals on an insulating support, and is arranged so that the mover and the stator are in contact with each other. By the action of static electricity, the moving element is momentarily levitated to move the moving element while preventing friction.

As a display device using an electrostatic film actuator, a 7-segment display device is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-24.
It is proposed in Japanese Patent No. 0890. JP-A-4-2408
According to the publication No. 90, static electricity is generated between a transparent stator and a transparent mover which form seven sections of a 7-segment display device, so that the mover moves back and forth or left and right on the surface of the stator. It has been proposed that the display principle is a visual change due to a change in the overlapping of the mover and the stator when the mover moves.

Further, the inventor of the present patent has filed a patent on an optical element composed of two light transmitting plates using an electrostatic film actuator, and a flat panel display in which a plurality of the optical elements are arranged, and an electrostatic attraction. Patents have been filed for an optical element using a sheet-like material made of an aggregate of fibers utilizing repulsive force and a display plate in which a plurality of the optical elements are arranged.

[0005]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention
The 7-segment display device using the electrostatic film actuator proposed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 0 is based on a display principle of a visual change caused by a mover moving back and forth or left and right on the surface of a stator. When the apparatus is used in a vertical type, it is necessary to movably support the mover on the stator. In addition, an optical element including two light transmitting plates using an electrostatic film actuator, a flat panel display in which a plurality of the optical elements are arranged, and a sheet formed of an aggregate of fibers utilizing electrostatic attraction and repulsion In the case of using a vertical type, the optical element using the object and the display plate in which a plurality of the optical elements are arranged have the display principle of an optical change due to the drive of the drive section. It is necessary to movably support the fixed part.

As described above, in the conventional display device using electrostatic attraction and repulsive force, when the display device is of a vertical type, in order to prevent the mover or the drive unit from falling due to gravity, the mover or the drive unit is driven. It is necessary to fix the part to the fixed part so as to be movable, and a very complicated work is required in manufacturing the display device.

An object of the present invention is to avoid the above-mentioned complicated work. In order to achieve the object, a new type electrostatic drive device is provided, and the electrostatic drive device is used in a vertical type. It is an object of the present invention to provide an optical element suitable for that purpose and a display plate suitable for use in a transmission type or reflection type vertical type in which the optical elements are arranged.

[0008]

To achieve the above object, the present invention has the following constitution. That is, the electrostatic drive device of the present invention is an electrostatic drive device including a drive unit made of a sheet-like material and a fixing unit made of a plurality of strip electrodes and an insulator, and the drive unit is housed in a housing frame. It is characterized by doing. In addition, the optical element of the present invention is 2
An optical element comprising one sheet-like object and a driving means for driving at least one of the sheet-like objects is characterized in that the electrostatic driving device is used as the driving means. . Further, the display plate of the present invention is characterized in that a plurality of such optical elements are arranged.

In the electrostatic drive device of the present invention, since the drive part is housed in the housing frame, even if the drive part is made vertical, a special support device is not required and the drive part by gravity is used. The fall can be prevented, and the structure of the electrostatic drive device becomes simple.

In the electrostatic drive device of the present invention, in order to avoid friction between the housing frame and the drive part, the fixed parts composed of a plurality of strip electrodes and the insulator are arranged on both sides of the drive part. It is preferable. In this case, the first fixing portion plays a role of performing the original driving of the driving portion, and the second fixing portion performs driving for avoiding friction between the driving portion and the storage frame. The relationship between the principle of driving and the arrangement of the strip electrodes will be described later. For example, when the drive portion is circular, the strip electrodes are radially arranged in the first fixing portion and the strip electrodes are arranged in the second fixing portion. If the drive units are arranged in parallel, the drive unit is levitated from the storage frame by the second fixing unit, and the drive unit is rotated by the first fixing unit while avoiding friction between the drive unit and the storage frame. Can be made.

As described above, by disposing the fixing parts on both sides of the storage frame and the driving part in the electrostatic drive device, a special supporting device is required even in the vertical type which is the object of the present invention. It is possible to obtain an electrostatic drive device that does not.

Next, the drive means for the sheet-like material in the electrostatic drive device of the present invention will be described. The driving means in the electrostatic drive device of the present invention comprises a fixing part composed of a plurality of strip electrodes and an insulator, and a driving part. When a voltage is applied to the strip electrodes, the fixing part and the driving part It is the electrostatic attraction and repulsion generated between. Application of this means to a film is a known technique as an electrostatic film actuator. The electrostatic film actuator is composed of a fixed part in which electrodes are arranged at regular intervals on an insulating support and a moving part made of a resistor, and the moving part and the fixed part are arranged so as to be in contact with each other. By the action of static electricity
The moving part is momentarily levitated to move the moving part while preventing friction. For its working principle,
JP-A-2-285978, Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan, 1989, 6-191, Nikkei Mechanical 1989, 5,
29, pages 112 to 113, etc., and therefore omitted here.

In the drive means of the electrostatic drive device of the present invention, if the strip electrodes are arranged in parallel in the fixed portion,
The drive unit moves vertically and horizontally to the vertical direction of the strip electrode, and if the arrangement of the strip electrodes on the fixed unit is radial, the drive unit rotates.

Next, the components of the electrostatic drive device of the present invention will be described.

The material of the drive portion made of a sheet-like material in the electrostatic drive device of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is insulative, and a fiber aggregate, film, glass, ceramic, wood or the like is used. be able to. However, since it is easy to drive due to electrostatic attractive force and repulsive force, the driving unit is required to be lightweight and thin-film type. Therefore, it is preferable to use a fiber assembly or a film as the driving unit. Further, in order to efficiently repeat the charging-driving cycle, it is preferable that the driving unit includes an insulating layer and an antistatic layer.

The antistatic layer preferably has a surface resistivity of 10 ¹² to 10 ¹⁵ Ω / □ from the viewpoint of a good balance between charging and discharging. When the fiber assembly is used as the driving unit, insulating fibers can be used as the insulating layer. Insulating fibers include recycled fibers such as rayon, semi-synthetic fibers such as acetate, nylon, polyester, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyacrylonitrile, polyethylene, polypropylene,
Polyurethane, polyalkylene paraoxybenzoate, phenolic, synthetic fiber such as fluorine fiber, inorganic fiber such as glass fiber, plant fiber such as cotton and hemp, animal fiber such as wool and silk, mineral fiber such as asbestos It is possible to use a single fiber or a plurality of fibers at the same time, and it can be appropriately selected according to the purpose and application of the electrostatic drive device.

The antistatic layer can be provided by a method such as spray coating of an antistatic agent having a weak antistatic effect. However, from the viewpoint that the antistatic effect can be maintained for a long time, it has low conductivity or antistatic property. It is preferable to use fibers having properties. In this case, as the fiber having low electrical conductivity or antistatic property, carbon fiber can be used alone or a composite fiber of carbon fiber and other fiber can be used. In addition, it is also preferable to use a fiber containing a material containing a conductive component or an antistatic component as one component.
At this time, a polymer containing the conductive component or the antistatic component may be used alone or in the form of a fiber obtained by compounding with another polymer. Further, it is also possible to use a fiber obtained by converting the conductive component or the antistatic component into a composite with another fiber.

Here, the conductive component and the antistatic component are those that exhibit conductivity or antistatic property as a whole fiber because of the conductivity of the components. Usually, the components are premixed in a polymer for filament formation and used for spinning. Therefore, the shape of the component is preferably in the form of fine powder or whiskers in order to uniformly disperse in the polymer, and its maximum diameter or maximum length is preferably 5 μm or less, more preferably 1 μm or less, and more preferably 0.1 μm or less.
Even more preferably, it is 3 μm or less. Specific materials for the conductive component include carbon black, various metal powders, tin oxide,
Metal oxides such as zinc oxide, copper oxide, indium oxide, zirconium oxide and tungsten oxide can be used.
Further, particles obtained by applying the metal oxide coating to the non-conductive particles, and conversely, particles obtained by coating the surface of the conductive particles with a non-conductive substance can also be used. Furthermore, metal compounds such as copper sulfide, cuprous iodide, zinc sulfide, and cadmium sulfide, and conductive intercalation compounds can also be used. In addition, organic conductive compounds such as polyacetylene, polypyrrole, polythiophene, and polyaniline may be used. Among these, carbon black is preferable from the viewpoint of conductivity and price.

As the antistatic component, a polymer containing a hydrophilic component can be used. As the hydrophilic component, it is possible to use a polymer containing a polyalkylene ether compound. Polyalkylene ether compounds include polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, unmodified polyalkylene ethers such as copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, and trimethylolpropane ethylene oxide adducts, methoxypolyethylene glycol, nonylphenol ethylene oxide adducts, etc. Examples thereof include polyalkylene ethers obtained by modifying the terminal group of alkylene ether. It is also possible to use a block copolymer of polyalkylene ether and polyamide.

As the structure of the fiber assembly, a woven fabric,
A knitted fabric or a non-woven fabric can be used, but it is preferable to use a woven fabric or a non-woven fabric from the viewpoint that the driving portion can be thinned while maintaining strength. It is also preferable to subject the fiber assembly to heat pressing or resin processing in order to make the fiber assembly thin and smooth, and to improve the sheet holding property.

When a woven fabric is used as the drive unit, the woven structure of the woven fabric is not particularly limited, and a commonly known one can be used. However, in order to make the respective roles of the weft yarn and the warp yarn prominent, it is preferable that the weft yarn or the warp yarn occupies a large amount of the fiber surface. Examples include twill weave, 5 or 8 satin weaves, etc., and the proportion of weft yarns or warp yarns on the woven fabric surface is preferably 60% or more,
It is more preferably 70% or more, and further preferably 80% or more. Further, in view of the fact that the yarns constituting the front surface and the back surface of the woven fabric are different, it is also preferable to use a multiple woven design such as a double weave or a triple weave having a front design and a back design that use different yarns. Examples include warp double weave, weft double weave, core weft double weave, weft double backed weave, back warp knotted double weave, and the like.

As described above, when there is a difference in the floating state of the weft yarn and the warp yarn depending on the surface of the woven fabric, the charging-driving cycle is repeated rapidly, so that the surface on which a lot of insulating fibers are floating is fixed. It is preferable that the surface on which a large amount of fibers having an antistatic effect float is placed in the opposite direction to the side where the fixing portion is present.

When a non-woven fabric is used as the fiber assembly constituting the drive section, the non-woven fabric is passed through a card or a cross wrapper and then subjected to needle punching or a fluid treatment method, a direct spinning method, a sandpaper method, a flash method. What was manufactured by the method usually used, such as a spinning method, a melt blow method, and a spun bond method, can be used.

The fixed portion in the electrostatic drive device of the present invention is
The strip electrodes are arranged on an insulator. The insulator is not particularly limited, and any material such as glass, polymer, or ceramic can be used as long as it exhibits insulating properties. However, it is preferable to use a thin film such as a glass plate or a film from the viewpoint that the electrostatic drive device as a whole can be made thin.

For the strip electrode, a material usually used as an electrode can be used. In order to make the electrostatic drive device compact, it is preferable to use fine electrodes,
It is preferable to form the electrode pattern by a sputtering method, a vacuum vapor deposition method, an etching method, or the like while the mask is used. Therefore, as the material of the strip electrode, gold, silver, copper, palladium, indium-tin, zinc,
A metal such as aluminum or a metal oxide such as indium oxide, indium oxide-tin oxide, zinc oxide, or aluminum oxide can be used.

In the fixing portion, the strip electrode may be on the surface of the insulator or may be buried in the insulator.

As a method of forming the strip electrode on the insulator, a general method similar to the method of forming a circuit such as an IC can be used. A typical example is
Of course, it is not limited to this. First, a thin film of an electrode material is laminated on the insulator by a sputtering method or a vacuum evaporation method. A resist layer is formed on the surface of this thin film by a bar coater method, a spin coater method, a roll coater method, or the like. Subsequently, exposure and development are performed to form a pattern. An electrode can be formed by performing etching using this resist pattern and finally removing the resist pattern with a stripping solution. When the electrode is buried in the insulator, a transparent insulating paste may be applied to the surface of the electrode formed as described above.
As the coating method, various coating methods similar to those for forming the resist layer can be used.

The storage frame in the electrostatic drive device of the present invention stores the drive part, and the material thereof is not particularly limited. However, it is preferable to use an insulating or antistatic material from the viewpoint that it does not interfere with electrostatic interaction between the fixed portion and the driving portion, and that the appearance looks good. From a view point of view, it is more preferable to use the same material as the driving part.

Next, the optical element of the present invention will be described.

The optical element of the present invention is an optical element composed of two sheet-like materials and a driving means for driving at least one of the sheet-like materials, and has been described above as the driving means. The electrostatic drive device according to the present invention is used. Therefore, even when the optical element of the present invention is made vertical, it is possible to prevent the drive portion from falling due to gravity without requiring a special supporting device, and a complicated work is not required when manufacturing. .

In the optical element of the present invention, the degree of overlap between the two sheet-like objects is changed by the driving of the sheet-like objects, and as a result, the two sheet-like objects are transmitted or the two sheet-like objects are penetrated. Changes (optical changes) in the intensity, color, brightness, and saturation of the light reflected by the sheet-like material are observed. Therefore, the sheet-like object may be moved vertically or horizontally or by rotation. However, when the sheet-like object moves vertically and horizontally, the area where the optical element effectively functions becomes half of the total area of the optical element, whereas the sheet-like object rotates. In that case, the effective area of the optical element is always constant by selecting an appropriate shape of the sheet. Therefore, in the optical element of the present invention, in order to rotate the sheet-shaped material, it is preferable that the band-shaped electrodes are arranged radially in the fixing portion.

At this time, the shape of the sheet-like material is not particularly limited and may be any shape such as a circle or a polygon, but in view of the fact that the shape does not change even when rotated, it is circular. Or it is preferably a regular polygon, and 90 °
A circular shape or a regular n-sided polygon (n is a multiple of 4) is more preferable in view of having the same shape when rotated.

As described above, the optical change in the optical element of the present invention is brought about by the change in the overlapping condition of the two sheet-like objects. Therefore, as long as it has such a function, even if the two sheet-like objects are transparent,
It does not matter whether it is colored or has some indication. Specifically, coloring two sheet-like objects,
An example is changing the color of light that passes through two sheet-like objects by changing the degree of overlap.
Considering the fact that it can be turned off and the effective area of the optical element does not change, it is preferable to use sheet-like materials having polarization as the two sheet-like objects.

The polarizability is a property of changing natural light into linearly polarized light. When two sheet-like materials having polarizability are arranged, if the polarization directions are the same, the light is two sheets. Can pass through the material. From this state, when one sheet-like object is rotated, the amount of light passing therethrough decreases with rotation, and the amount of light passing through becomes zero when the sheet rotates 90 °. In the optical element of the present invention, when two sheet-like materials having a polarizing property are used, this principle is used for turning on / off light. If it is circular or regular n-sided (n is a multiple of 4), there is no change in the display area of the optical element in the ON state and the OFF state of light, and the 7-segment display device proposed in JP-A-4-240890 can be obtained. There is no waste compared to.

When a sheet having polarization properties is used as the two sheet products in the optical element of the present invention, the first sheet product constituting the driving section is a fiber assembly having polarization properties. It is preferable to use a polarizing plate as the second sheet-shaped material.

The reason why it is preferable to use the fiber assembly having the polarization property is as follows: (1) Since the fiber has a large degree of orientation, a high polarization property is obtained, and as a result, an optical element having a high contrast is obtained. (2) Since the light is scattered by the fibers, the optical element looks like frosted glass, the glare is greatly reduced, and it is easy on the eyes. Here, in the fiber assembly having the polarizing property, which is the first sheet-like material, it is more preferable that the fiber assembly is a woven fabric from the viewpoint of easily exhibiting the polarizing property.
Further, the second sheet-shaped polarizing plate is not particularly limited as long as it has a function of converting natural light into linearly polarized light, and a polarizing prism such as a Nicol prism or a dichroic crystal in an electric field or the like can be used. It is possible to use one that is aligned and scooped up on a substrate, or a polarizing film. However, it is more preferable to use a polarizing film as the polarizing plate from the viewpoint that the optical element can be made thin and can be made flexible. As the polarizing film, a film in which a dichroic dye is adsorbed and stretched and oriented,
Alternatively, a polyvinyl alcohol oriented film having iodine adsorbed thereon can be used.

When a woven fabric is used as the fiber assembly having a polarizing property, the woven fabric is preferably a woven fabric comprising an insulating fiber having a polarizing property and an antistatic fiber. As the insulative fibers having a polarization property, it is preferable to use polyvinyl alcohol fibers adsorbing iodine, fibers in which insulative fibers adsorbing dichroic dye are stretched and oriented, and the like. Insulating fibers include recycled fibers such as rayon, semi-synthetic fibers such as acetate, nylon, polyester, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl chloride,
Polyvinylidene chloride, polyacrylonitrile, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyurethane, polyalkylene paraoxybenzoate, phenolic, synthetic fiber such as fluorine fiber, inorganic fiber such as glass fiber, vegetable fiber such as cotton and hemp, animal fiber such as wool and silk Ordinary fibers such as mineral fibers such as asbestos and the like can be used alone or in combination, and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose and application of the optical element. As the antistatic fiber, the above-mentioned fibers can be used, and the above-mentioned woven fabric can also be used.

The polarizing fabric of the optical element of the present invention is formed by using a polarizing insulating fiber and an antistatic fiber as a weft and a warp, or a warp and a weft, respectively. . As described above, when the weaving and warp yarns have different floating states depending on the surface of the woven fabric such as a twill weave, satin weave, and multiple weave, the charging-driving cycle is repeated rapidly, so that the fabric has polarization properties. It is preferable that the surface on which a large amount of insulating fibers floats is brought into contact with the fixing portion, and the surface on which a large amount of fibers having an antistatic effect floats is located in the opposite direction to the side where the fixing portion is present.

Up to now, the woven fabric having the polarization property has been described as the one composed of the insulating fiber having the polarization property and the fiber having the antistatic effect, but it goes without saying that the insulating fiber and the electrostatic charge are charged. It is also possible to use a woven fabric composed of a polarizing fiber having a preventive effect, and in this case, for the same reason as described above, a surface having many insulating fibers is brought into contact with the fixing portion, It is preferable that the surface on which a large number of polarizing fibers having an antistatic effect are floating is located in the opposite direction to the side where the fixing portion is located.

The fixing portion in the optical element of the present invention is constructed by arranging strip electrodes in parallel or radially on an insulator. The fixing part may be transparent or colored as long as it has a light-transmitting property, but it should be transparent in order to increase the contrast or color, brightness, and saturation changes of the optical element. Is preferred. Therefore, it is preferable that the fixing portion is formed by arranging transparent electrodes radially on a transparent insulator. As a transparent insulator, a glass plate, polyethylene terephthalate, polystyrene, acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer resin, transparent ABS resin, styrene-
Butadiene copolymer resin, styrene-maleic acid resin, methyl methacrylate-styrene resin, methacrylic resin,
Transparent plastic films such as polycarbonate, polyarylate, polysulfone, polyethersulfone, polymethylpentene, amorphous polyamide, amorphous polyolefin, transparent fluororesin, fluorinated polyimide, brominated phenoxy resin, transparent polybutylene terephthalate, etc. Although it can be used, the fact that the optical element can be made thin,
It is preferable to use a film because it can be made flexible.

As the transparent electrode, a transparent metal,
It is preferable to use a metal oxide. Transparent metals include gold, silver, copper, palladium, indium-tin, zinc,
Examples of the transparent metal oxide include indium oxide, indium oxide-tin oxide, zinc oxide, and aluminum oxide.

In the transparent fixing portion, the electrode may be on the surface of the insulator or may be embedded in the insulator.

As a method of forming the electrode on the insulator, the above-mentioned method can be used.

The optical element of the present invention is composed of a first sheet-like material that constitutes a driving portion, a second sheet-like material, and a fixing portion. However, in the optical element, it is also possible to use the second sheet-like object that is not the latter driving section as the fixing section, that is, two sheet-like objects as the driving section and the fixing section. In this case, the optical element of the present invention has a simpler structure.

The optical element of the present invention obtained as described above is turned on / off or changes in color, brightness, saturation, etc. by driving a sheet-like object in accordance with the application of a voltage. Although it is inferior in on / off speed or change speed of color, brightness, and saturation, in a certain state,
The optical element has the property of maintaining the same state even when the voltage application is cut off, that is, the memory property. Further, since the structure is very simple, it is easy to increase the size, and since it can be manufactured from an inexpensive material, it is advantageous in terms of cost. The optical element of the present invention can be made flexible and can be used even on a curved surface. Further, the object of the present invention is achieved that no special supporting device is required even in the vertical type. Next, the display panel of the present invention will be described.

The display plate of the present invention is characterized in that a plurality of the optical elements of the present invention described above are arranged. In the display board, one optical element is
It corresponds to a pixel.

The method of arranging the optical elements in the display plate of the present invention is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to arrange them with a certain regularity because a clear image can be displayed. As a concrete arrangement method, an assembly of one or several optical elements is arranged parallel to each side when the shape of the display plate is a triangle, a quadrangle, etc., and radially when the shape is a circle, a sphere, an ellipse, etc. Moreover, it is good to arrange them at equal intervals. In these cases, the width and accuracy of the space are appropriately determined depending on the size of the display plate and the purpose of use.

Further, in the display plate of the present invention, of the two sheet-like materials of the plurality of optical elements constituting the display plate,
Even if the second sheet-like object is larger than the first sheet-like object constituting the drive unit and the second sheet-like object is in a state common to the plurality of first sheet-like objects. Good. This means that a plurality of optical elements are formed by arranging a plurality of smaller sheet-like objects to be a driving unit for one large sheet-like object, thereby forming a display panel. is doing. For example, when manufacturing a display panel consisting of 100 optical elements, it is necessary to add 10
To manufacture 100 optical elements by combining 0 sheet-like objects, and to manufacture 100 optical elements by combining one large sheet-like object with 100 driving parts. When the latter method is compared, the latter method is obviously easier. When the latter method is adopted, the structure of the display panel of the present invention is simple and the manufacturing is easy. Here, as the large-sized sheet-shaped material, the same materials as the sheet-shaped materials described so far can be used. At this time, the method of arranging the sheet-like materials having the driving means is not particularly limited, but it is preferable that the sheet-like materials are arranged with a certain regularity because a clear image can be displayed. As a concrete arrangement method, an aggregate of one or several sheet-like objects having a driving means is arranged in parallel with each side when the shape of the display plate is a triangle, a quadrangle, a circle, a sphere, or an ellipse. In the case of shapes and the like, it is preferable to arrange them radially and at equal intervals. In these cases, the width and accuracy of the space are appropriately determined depending on the size of the display plate and the purpose of use.

Further, in the display board of the present invention, the storage frame is not independent of each optical element, but is common to a plurality of drive parts constituting the optical element as shown in FIG. It is also possible to use For example, 100
In the case of manufacturing a display plate composed of a plurality of optical elements, 100 drive units are housed in a storage frame of 100 storage units, and further arrayed to manufacture a display plate. Compared with the case where the display panel is manufactured by storing it in one large storage frame, the latter method greatly simplifies the step of arranging the optical elements. Therefore, by adopting the latter method, The manufacturing of the display board becomes very easy. Here, the material described above can be used as the material of the storage frame.

A light incident device can be used for the display panel of the present invention. When the light incident device is used, the display panel of the present invention is a transmissive display panel. As the light incident device in the display panel of the present invention, a known device generally called a backlight can be used and is not particularly limited. As an example, a light-entering device such as a radiation type, a reflection type, and a refraction type can be used. Further, the color of the light source is not particularly limited, and any light such as white light or monochromatic light may be used. The number of light sources is also not particularly limited, and may be one, or one pixel or one pixel may be used. Further, it may be used after being split, condensed, polarized, etc. by a prism, a lens or the like. Further, by using a sheet-shaped light-emitting body such as an EL panel, it is possible to make the entire display board flexible. In the display panel having the light incident device of the present invention, a color filter can be arranged in front of the display panel. By using the color filter,
The display panel of the present invention is a transmissive color display panel. As the color filter in the display plate of the present invention, known ones used for ordinary color LCDs can be used. If a sheet-shaped color filter is used, the display panel as a whole can be made flexible.

In the display panel of the present invention, a black light lamp is used as a light incident device, and a sheet-like material containing a substance that emits fluorescence by absorbing black light is arranged as a filter on the front surface of the display panel. The display panel of the present invention can be used as a display panel that emits very clear fluorescence.

In the display plate of the present invention, a light reflecting device can be arranged behind the display plate. When the light reflection device is used, the display panel of the present invention is a reflection type display panel. The light reflection device in the display plate of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has a property of reflecting light such as a mirror or a metal. By using a metal foil such as aluminum, a sheet-shaped material in which a metal is vapor-deposited, a colored sheet-shaped material, paper, or the like as the light reflecting device, it is possible to make the entire display panel flexible.

Further, as the light reflecting device in the display plate of the present invention, a device in which 3 or 4 primary colors are arranged in a dot shape can be used. The three primary colors are not particularly limited,
Yellow, cyan and magenta can be used. The four primary colors are not particularly limited, and the above three primary colors plus black can be used. The shape of the dot is not limited to a circle, and may be a triangle, a quadrangle, or a polygon, and may be the same shape as the pixel or a different shape. The size of the dot may be the same size as one pixel of the display panel, or may be the same size as a plurality of pixels. When the light reflection device is used, the display panel of the present invention is
It becomes a reflective color display panel. The material of the light reflecting device is not particularly limited, but a sheet-like material, a film,
By using a metal foil or paper, the entire display board can be made flexible.

In the display panel of the present invention, a sheet-like material containing a substance that emits fluorescence by absorbing black light is used as a light reflecting device, and the display panel of the present invention is obtained by irradiating black light from the front side. Can be used as a display board, which emits a very clear fluorescence.

In the display plate of the present invention, a viewing angle widening device can be arranged on the forefront of the display plate. The viewing angle enlarging device, even when viewing the display plate from an oblique direction,
It is a device that enables reading the display contents, as when viewed from the front. As the device for enlarging the viewing angle of the display plate in the present invention, a convex lens array plate having a convex lens corresponding to each pixel of the display plate can be used. Further, in the display plate of the present invention, the light transmitting plate on the front surface side may have a convex lens structure. In the display panel of the present invention obtained as described above, it is possible to select a transmission type, a reflection type, a single color or a color display mode. In addition, since a sheet-shaped material can be used for all the constituent materials, a sheet-shaped flexible display board that can be bent or rolled in a thin film shape can be obtained. Furthermore, from the driving principle of the optical element described above, the display content can be retained even if the voltage application is cut off,
Furthermore, since the structure of the optical element is simple, it is possible to increase the size of the display panel at a low manufacturing cost.

Further, since the fiber assembly is used for the driving section, (1) the degree of orientation of the fibers is large, and therefore, when the polarizing fibers are used, high polarizing properties are obtained and an optical element having a high contrast is obtained. Is obtained.

(2) Since the diffuse reflection of light is caused by the fibers, the display plate looks like frosted glass, and the effects such as drastically reducing glare and being easy on the eyes can be obtained. Suitable for use as a material. Moreover, no special support device is required even in the case of the vertical type, which is the object of the present invention.

The advantages such as the above can also be achieved.

[0059]

Next, examples of the optical element and the display plate of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, but of course the present invention is not limited to these.

FIG. 1 is an assembly diagram of an example of the electrostatic drive device of the present invention. The electrostatic drive device of the present invention is manufactured by accommodating the drive part 1 made of a sheet-like material in the storage frame body 2 and disposing the fixing parts 3 on both sides of the storage part 2.

FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of the electrostatic drive device manufactured as shown in FIG. 1 is stored in 2,
On both surfaces of 2, 3 having parallel strip electrodes 4 and 3 having radial strip electrodes 5 are in close contact with each other with a conductive paste 6 interposed. This electrostatic drive device is a vertical type, that is, FIG.
When used with the direction of the arrow pointing up, 1 and 2 are in contact with each other when no voltage is applied, so even if a positive or negative voltage is applied to 5, there is friction between 1 and 2 Is unlikely to happen. However, if positive and negative voltages are sequentially applied to 4,
1 floats, and when a positive or negative voltage is applied to 5, 1
Since 1 is in a state where friction with 2 is avoided, 1 easily rotates.

FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of an example of the optical element of the present invention. The fiber assembly 7 having a polarization property is housed in 2, and 3 having 4 and 3 having 5 are closely adhered to each other with 6 interposed on both sides of 2 and a spacer 8 is also interposed. Then, the polarizing plate 9 is arranged. Where 2, 3, 4,
Transparent materials are used for 5, 6, and 8. When positive and negative voltages are sequentially applied to 4 and 5 while irradiating light from the rear of 9, 7 easily rotates even if the optical element is in the vertical state, and the light observed on the front of 7 is changed. Strength occurs. Especially, from the state where the maximum light quantity is obtained,
When a voltage for rotating by ° is applied, the amount of light becomes zero and clear contrast is obtained. Further, when the voltage application is cut off in the state where the maximum amount of light or the amount of light is zero, the state is maintained as it is due to the memory property of the optical element. further,
Since a flexible material in the form of a sheet can be used for all of the optical elements 1 to 9, the optical element can be made flexible in the form of a thin film. Further, since the optical element of the present invention uses the aggregate of fibers as the driving portion, it has high sensitivity such as high polarization and high contrast, looks like frosted glass, and dramatically reduces glare. FIG. 4 is a diagram of an example of the display panel of the present invention. The display panel 10 is configured by using the optical element 11 of the present invention as a pixel and arranging a plurality of the elements 11. Here, in FIG. 4, a part of 11 constituting 10 is omitted for convenience. Further, in 10, all 11 constituting the display board are housed in one large housing frame 12. Even when 10 is in a vertical state, the image control unit 13 can easily control the rotation state of the 11 drive units that form the 10 and by controlling the rotation state for each pixel, Any display on 10 is obtained. Further, even if the voltage application is cut off, the display of 10 is retained due to the memory property of 11. Since 10 is composed of a thin film-like and flexible 11, 10 itself also has a thin film-like and flexible structure. In addition, since the structure is simple, it is lightweight and easy to increase in size.
The production cost is also low. Further, 10 is a transmissive display plate by disposing the light incident device on the back surface, and if the light incident device is arranged on the back surface and the color filter is arranged on the front surface,
It becomes a transmissive color display board. Further, if a light reflecting device is arranged on the back surface of 10, a reflection type display plate is obtained. Also, 1
If the viewing angle enlarging device is arranged in front of 0, the display content can be read even when viewed from an oblique direction.

[0063]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. That is, it is easy for a person who knows the technical idea of the present invention to change to a more efficient one.

Example 1 An indium oxide-tin oxide conductive layer was formed on a polyethylene terephthalate film by a sputtering method.
A resist film was applied to this, and the resist film was exposed using a mask capable of obtaining parallel electrodes and radial electrodes. Next, after removing the exposed portion, etching was performed to completely remove the residual resist. The storage frame housing the drive unit was brought into close contact with the two fixing portions in which the obtained strip electrodes were arranged in parallel and in a radial pattern. Here, the driving part uses 3d, 36 filaments of polyvinyl alcohol fiber having adsorbed iodine in the weft, and 5d of single yarn denier containing 30% by weight of carbon black in the warp, nylon fiber of 24 filaments. Number of drives,
A woven fabric having a 5-layer satin design with a weft of 107 threads / inch and a warp of 95 threads / inch was used, and a polyethylene terephthalate film was used as a storage frame.
Further, a commercially available polarizing film was placed on the fixing part with a spacer interposed therebetween. When positive and negative voltages are applied to the parallel and radial electrodes of the optical element thus obtained, the driving section easily rotates even in the vertical state, and the light observed on the front surface of the driving section is rotated. The strength and weakness occurred. Further, when a voltage for rotating the polarizing plate by 90 ° was applied from the state where the maximum light quantity was obtained, the light quantity became zero, and clear contrast was obtained. Furthermore, when the voltage application was cut off in the state where the maximum light amount or the light amount was zero, the state was maintained as it was, and the memorability of the optical element was confirmed. Also,
Since the film-shaped flexible material is used for the material forming the optical element, the optical element was a thin-film flexible material. Further, since the optical element uses a woven fabric as a driving portion, it is suitable for use as a display material such as highly polarized and looks like frosted glass, particularly a signboard, a banner, etc., and has high sensitivity. all right.

[0065]

As described above, the present invention provides a new type electrostatic drive device utilizing electrostatic attraction and repulsion, and an optical element suitable for use in a vertical type using the electrostatic drive device, and the optical element. A display board suitable for use in a transmission type or reflection type vertical type in which elements are arranged can be obtained.

The electrostatic drive device, the optical element and the display plate obtained by the present invention have the following features.

(1) Since the drive unit is housed in the housing frame, no special supporting device is required even when used vertically,
It is possible to prevent the drive unit from falling due to gravity.

(2) Since all the constituent materials can be formed into a sheet, a thin film electrostatic drive device,
An optical element and a display board can be obtained.

(3) Since all the constituent materials can be sheet-shaped, a flexible electrostatic drive device, optical element, and display plate can be obtained.

(4) Since the structure is simple, manufacturing is easy.

(5) Since the structure is simple, it can be manufactured at a low cost.

Further, the optical element and the display plate obtained by the present invention have the following features.

(1) Since the sheet-like material is driven by a simple device to generate an optical effect, it is surprising and surprising in appearance, and has a high effect as an optical element and a display board.

(2) When a fiber assembly is used as the driving unit, the degree of orientation of the fibers is large. Therefore, when a polarizing fiber is used, a high polarizing property can be obtained, and an optical element and a display plate with high contrast can be obtained. Is obtained.

(3) When a fiber assembly is used as the driving unit, light is scattered by the fibers, so that the optical element and the display plate have an effect of looking like frosted glass and the glare is drastically reduced. It has high sensitivity as an optical element and a display board, such as being easy on the eyes.

(4) Light on / off speed or color,
Although the rate of change in brightness and saturation is slow, it retains memory when a voltage is applied.

Since the display plate obtained in the present invention uses the optical element of the present invention as a pixel, it has all the characteristics of the above-mentioned optical element, and further has the following characteristics. It also has a combination.

(1) Transmissive and reflective display plates are obtained.

(2) Monochromatic and color display boards can be obtained.

(3) The display contents can be retained even if the voltage application is cut off.

(4) Since the structure of the optical element is simple, it is possible to increase the size of the display plate at a low manufacturing cost.

(5) If the storage frame body is common to the optical elements, the work of arranging the optical elements is greatly simplified, which is very advantageous in manufacturing the display panel.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an assembly diagram showing an example of an electrostatic drive device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side sectional view showing an example of the electrostatic drive device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side sectional view showing an example of the optical element of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a display plate of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1: Drive part 2: Storage frame 3: Fixed part 4: Parallel strip electrodes 5: Radial strip electrodes 6: Insulating paste 7: Fiber assembly 8: Spacer 9: Polarizing plate 10: Display plate 11: Optical element 12: Large storage frame 13: Image control unit

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. An electrostatic drive device comprising a drive unit made of a sheet-like material and a fixing unit made of a plurality of strip electrodes and an insulator, wherein the drive unit is housed in a housing frame. And electrostatic drive device. 2. The electrostatic drive device according to claim 1, wherein
An electrostatic drive device characterized in that a fixing portion composed of a plurality of strip electrodes and an insulator is arranged on both surfaces of a driving portion. 3. An electrostatic element according to claim 1, wherein said drive means is an optical element comprising two sheet-like materials and a driving means for driving at least one of said sheet-like materials. An optical element characterized by using a device. 4. The optical element according to claim 3, wherein sheet-like materials having a polarization property are used as the two sheet-like objects. 5. The optical element according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the sheet-like material driven by the driving means is a fiber assembly. 6. A display plate comprising a plurality of the optical elements according to claim 3, 4 and 5. 7. The display plate according to claim 6, wherein, of the two sheet-like objects constituting the optical element, the second sheet-like object is more than the first sheet-like object driven by the driving means. Is large, and the second sheet-like material is in a state common to the plurality of first sheet-like materials. 8. The display plate according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the storage frame is in a state common to a plurality of drive units forming the optical element.