JPH0763875B2 - Garbage compression machine - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a dust compressing machine for compressing Dalai powder, chips, metal such as chips and empty dust generated when cutting metal in a machine factory or the like and dust.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In machine factories and the like, when cutting metal with a lathe or the like, Dalai powder or chips are generated, and used metal cans such as empty cans are left unattended. Conventionally, such metal dust is put in a predetermined dust storage box, and when it is full, it is transferred to a truck and carried out.

On the other hand, in the case of wastes containing metals in various kinds of wastes discharged from general households in the waste disposal site of local governments, the metals are separated before incineration,
These are compressed by a compression processor to reduce the volume, and in some cases, they may be cut into small pieces for processing. In addition to metal dust, dust such as glass, wood chips, and paper may be compressed and processed.

[0004]

However, if the metal dust generated in the factory is put in the dust storage box as it is, it becomes difficult to handle a large amount of metal dust, and if possible, it is compressed to a small volume. Is desirable. This is because it is easy to handle and convenient to carry. As a device for compressing such metal dust, it is not appropriate to install the above-described compression treatment machine in the dust treatment plant in a machine factory or the like because the equipment is too large. Therefore, it is desirable to downsize this, but even if it is downsized, it is necessary to take safety measures in the operation processing.

Generally, in a compression processor, metals and other dust compressed inside the casing have an internal pressure due to the compression. For example, when taking out the compressed metals and other dust from the casing end, the casing outlet. When an operator tries to open the cover plate due to the internal pressure acting on the cover plate that is closed, the part where the cover plate is locked may suddenly open, which may be dangerous. Therefore, the compression processor must be constructed to take measures against such a danger.

The present invention is capable of compressing dust with a high compression efficiency to reduce the volume while keeping in mind the current situation of the treatment of metals and other dust in the above-mentioned machine factories, etc., the structure is simple and the cost is low. It is an object to provide a compression processor whose operation is safe.

[0007]

As a means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the present invention has a hopper for throwing dust into a predetermined position of a double casing in which an inner casing is double provided in an outer casing. An opening / closing lid is provided at the opening for taking out the dust that has been compressed from one end of the casing, and a compression plate that is movable inside the inner casing to compress the dust is provided at the other end, and the inner casing is set in place with respect to the outer casing. It is equipped with a lock engagement mechanism that engages the compression plate and the inner casing when locking and opening the open / close lid, and a drive unit that drives the compression plate to move back and forth, and locks engagement when the amount of repeatedly compressed dust reaches a predetermined amount. It is configured so that the lock of the mechanism is released, the compression plate is engaged with the inner casing, and the inner casing is retracted by the drive unit for a predetermined distance to release the internal pressure of dust to the opening / closing lid. It was a structure of uncompressed processing machine.

[0008]

In the compression processor of the present invention configured as described above, the inner casing is set to the normal position, dust is thrown in from the hopper, and the drive unit is operated to move the compression plate forward and backward to move the dust. Perform batch compression processing. When a predetermined amount of compressed dust is stored in the casing, it is taken out through the opening. At this time, in order to release the pressure acting on the opening / closing lid by the internal pressure of the compressed dust, the inner casing is retracted with respect to the outer casing by a predetermined distance. Therefore, the lock / engagement mechanism is operated to unlock the inner casing first, and the force for retracting the compression plate is transmitted to the inner casing via the engaging portion.

When the inner casing is retracted by a predetermined distance, the internal pressure to the opening / closing lid is released, and the lid can be operated safely. The lid can be easily opened by manually unlocking the lid. Open the lid and push out the dust a little more to remove the dust. Therefore, the operation is extremely safe.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a main vertical cross-sectional view including a partial side view of a dust compressing machine of the embodiment. In the following description, the dust to be compressed is mainly described as metal dust, but even if it is other than metal dust, the setting of the pressing force required for compression is different for each dust. It goes without saying that the dust compression processing device 1 described below can perform compression processing in the same manner as.

As shown in the figure, the dust compression processor 1
It consists of a double casing consisting of an outer casing 2 and an inner casing 3. The outer casing 2 is a casing having a rectangular cross section over the entire length, and the inner casing 3 is approximately half the length of the outer casing 2 and is slidably inserted into the left half of the illustrated outer casing 2. Cage (the state shown in the figure is the normal position), and the right end is cut diagonally.
A hopper 4 is fixedly provided on the inner casing 3 near the front end of the central portion of the outer casing 2 (on the left side in the center of the figure) so that metal dust can be introduced through an opening penetrating the outer casing 2 and the inner casing 3. It is configured. An opening / closing lid 5 is attached to the left end opening of the outer casing 2 and can be opened to take out the compressed metal dust.

A compression plate 6 slidably moving in the inner casing 3 and a guide block 7 formed integrally with the compression plate 6 are fitted and inserted near the right end of the inner casing 3 (near the center of the outer casing 2). The compression plate 6 moves in the inner casing 3 for compression of metal dust by the forward / backward movement of the cylinder 8 connected thereto. The cylinder 8 is driven by a hydraulic pump 9 (hydraulic pipes, control valves, etc. are not shown). A lock / engagement mechanism 10 for locking the inner casing 3 with respect to the outer casing 2 at the normal position shown in the figure is provided near the lower right end of the inner casing 3. Before opening the opening / closing lid 5, in order to prevent a dangerous work in which the opening / closing lid 5 is suddenly opened by the internal pressure generated when the metal dust is compressed when the opening / closing lid 5 is opened to take out the compressed metal dust. The lock can be released by stepping on the foot pedal of the lock / engagement mechanism 10.

A cutting blade 11 is provided at the upper end of the compression plate 6,
A mating cutting blade 11 'is provided at the front end of the opening below the hopper 4. With the pair of cutting blades 11 and 11 ′, when compressing the metal dust by the compression plate 6, the metal dust that is above the opening of the hopper near the opening of the hopper 4 is cut so that the compression can be performed smoothly. There is. In FIG. 1, the right side of the reinforcing flange 12 of the outer casing 2 is a cross section,
The left side is shown as the side. Reference numeral 13 is a moving roller.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the compression processor having the above structure. As shown in FIG. 3, the inner casing 3 has a rectangular cross section and is provided with an opening 14 for the hopper 4. At the right end of the bottom plate, a locking / engaging mechanism 10 described later is provided.
Is provided with a horizontal plate 3a for mounting the bottom plate, and the bottom plate is cut like 3b. A flange 3c is formed around the top opening 14, and the lower flange of the hopper 4 is bolted onto the flange 3c as shown in FIG. 4, whereby the hopper 4 and the inner casing 3 are integrally attached. To be

As can be seen from the figure, the cutting blade 1 on the other side.
1'is inserted from a notch on the boundary of the lower flange of the hopper 4 and fixed to the pillow member 15 by a bolt (not shown). The cutting blade 11 is also fixed to the upper end of the compression plate 6 with a bolt (not shown). Therefore, the cutting blade 1 can be used repeatedly.
If the 1, 11 'wear, these cutting blades 11, 11' can be replaced by removing the bolts respectively. Further, a top plate of a part of the outer casing 2 is detachable, and the illustrated thick plate top portion 2a is inverted by 180 degrees to close the opening of the one-dot chain line.

Regarding the compression plate 6 and the guide block 7 integrally attached thereto, FIG. 4 is an external perspective view and FIG. 1 is a sectional view. As can be seen from FIG. 4, the guide block 7 has a side plate 7a, a top plate 7b, and a bottom plate 7c in the shape of an inverted square shoe, and the compression plate 6 is attached to the front end thereof. On the back surface (inside the guide block 7) of the compression plate 6, a cross-shaped reinforcing rib 6a and an annular member 6b are attached at the center thereof, and the rod end 8a of the cylinder 8 is screwed into the annular member 6b. There is. The other end of the cylinder 8 is fixed to the lateral frame 8b of the outer casing. The compression plate 6 has an inclination angle α of 0 to 15 as illustrated.
Tilt to °.

FIG. 5 is an external perspective view of the opening / closing lid 5. The opening / closing lid 5 has a lid plate 5a that closes the opening 2c at the front end of the outer casing 2 reinforced by a cross-shaped rib 5b, and has a handle 5c attached to a lower horizontal hinge (not shown). It consists of a fixed one. Lid plate 5a
When closing, the hinge arms 5e having U-shaped cross sections supported by the rotary hinges 5d attached to the three sides of the front end of the outer casing 2 are engaged with each other, and the wedges 5f are inserted into the small holes provided at the tips of the ribs 5b. Fix with. The hinge arm 5e 'is formed in two pieces so that the tips of the ribs 5b can be fitted to each other.

Details of the lock / engagement mechanism 10 are shown in FIGS.
Shown in. As shown, this locking / engaging mechanism 10
The protrusion 16 is composed of a lock member provided at a predetermined position of the lever 17, and an engaging portion including a flap 19 which is vertically moved by a vertical rod 18 provided near the center of the lever 17 of the lock member. The lock member has one end of a lever 17 provided with the protrusion 16 and the vertical rod 18 attached transversely to the bottom and back of the outer casing 2 via a hinge 17a, and the other end protruding through the support frame 20 to the outer casing. It is elastically supported by a spring 21 attached to the No. 2 and has a foot pedal 22 attached to its end. 18 a is an arm for attaching the vertical rod 18 to the lever 17. The engaging portion is formed by attaching the flap 19 to a hinge lever 24 that rotatably supports the flap 19 around a hinge 23.

Usually, since the inner casing 3 is locked to the outer casing 2 at the position shown in FIG. 1, the lock member is supported horizontally by the spring 21, and the protrusion 16 is provided on the bottom surface of the double casing. It is made to penetrate into the recessed portion 16a. When the inner casing 3 is retracted with respect to the outer casing 2 by a predetermined distance in order to release the internal pressure of the metal dust (up to the position indicated by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 7), the pedal 22
When the foot is depressed to release the engagement of the protrusion 16 and the flap 19 is lowered by its own weight and is fitted between the side plate 7a of the guide block 7 and the lateral plates 3a extending across the left and right of the inner casing, the cylinder 8 is operated rearward. Then, the guide block 7 is moved backward and the rearward driving force is transmitted to the inner casing 3 via the flap 19.

When the inner casing 3 is returned to its original position, the piston of the cylinder 8 is projected forward and the compression plate 6 is moved to the vicinity of the foremost end.
The end portion of the inner casing 3 is pushed back by the return lever 7d attached to the side plate 7a, so that the inner casing 3 returns to the original position.

In the compression processor of the embodiment constructed as described above, the metal dust is compressed as follows. Before throwing in metal dust, the inner casing 3 should be in the state shown in FIG. 1 in advance.
After confirming that the metal has been returned, metal dust is charged from the hopper 4. When the metal dust is filled inward to some extent, the cylinder 8 is driven to move the compression plate 6 forward so that the metal dust is pushed forward and compressed. At this time, even if some of the metal dust is discharged from the inside of the double casing while being connected to the hopper 4, the cutting blade 11 above the compression plate 6 and the counterpart cutting blade 1
It is cut by the action of 1'and pushed smoothly.

When the metal dust is pushed in, the volume of the metal dust is compressed to a fraction and the volume is reduced. In this embodiment, the pressing force of the hydraulic cylinder 8 is set to about 20 tons for a metal aluminum can or an iron can, for example, and about 50 tons for metal dust or chips commonly called Dalai powder. Since the volume is reduced when the metal dust is compressed by the above pressing force, the compression plate 6 is returned to the original position again, and the metal dust is additionally charged. In this way, the metal dust is compressed several times 6
When compressed by, the space inside the double casing closer to the front end than the opening of the hopper 4 is filled with the compressed metal dust. In this embodiment, the filled metal dust weighs about 40 kg for the Dalai powder or the like and about 20 kg for the aluminum can or the like, and has a capacity of 5 to 6 cups in the drum can.

If the opening / closing lid 5 is immediately opened when the metal dust thus compressed is taken out, it is dangerous because the lid plate 5a is pushed by the internal pressure of the metal dust as described above. Therefore, first, before that, the inner casing 3 is slightly retracted with respect to the outer casing 2 from the position shown in FIG. 1 to release the pressure of the internal pressure acting on the lid plate 5a. Therefore, the foot pedal 22 is depressed with the foot to push down the lever 17, and the projection 16 of the lever 17 is disengaged. At the same time, the vertical rod 18 attached to the lever 17 is also pushed down,
Therefore, the flap 19 is also lowered by its own weight, and as described above, the flap 19 is fitted between the side plate 7a of the guide block and the lateral plate 3a of the inner casing. As a result, when the rod of the hydraulic cylinder 8 is retracted, the inner casing 3 can be retracted by a predetermined distance. At this time, since the hopper 4 is integrally attached to the opening top portion of the inner casing 3, the hopper 4 also retracts together with the inner casing 3, but as can be seen from FIG. 4, the inner casing 3 has its flange 3c and the outer side. Thick top plate 2 on top of casing 2
It is possible to retreat only by the gap provided between the flange and the position where a is attached.

When the inner casing 3 is retracted as described above, the internal pressure applied to the cover plate 5a is released.
In this state, the lid plate 5a is opened. As shown in FIG. 5, when the wedge 5f is pulled out, the hinge arm 5e can be opened by hand, and the three hinge arms 5e can be opened as shown on the right side of the drawing.
Open up. After that, when the handle 5c is manually operated and the lid plate 5a is tilted to the state shown by the one-dot chain line, the opening 2 of the double casing is opened.
c is opened. When the hydraulic cylinder 8 is pushed further, the metal dust easily protrudes from the opening 2c, and when the metal dust is pulled out by hand, the metal dust is taken out. For the next compression processing operation, the cover plate 5a closes the opening 2c in the reverse order of the above. Further, the inner casing 3 is returned to the original position by the procedure described above.

[0025]

As described in detail above, the compression processor according to the present invention has a casing having outer and inner double casings, a hopper at a predetermined position of the casing, and a slidable compression plate in the inner casing. Since the inner casing can be retracted through the lock / engagement mechanism to release the internal pressure to the opening / closing lid provided at the outlet for collecting dust and other debris, the metal plate and other debris can be compressed with a compression plate. It is compressed to one-half the volume, and when taking it out, the internal pressure to the lid plate can be released and it can be taken out safely. Therefore, a certain amount of dust can be reasonably and safely compressed and the entire device can be extremely Since it can be made compact, various advantages such as cost reduction can be obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a main longitudinal sectional view including a partial side view of a dust compressing machine according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the above.

FIG. 3 is a side view and a plan view of the inner casing.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the mutual relationship of the configurations of the outer casing, the inner casing, and the hopper.

FIG. 5 is an external perspective view of the opening / closing lid.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view of a lock / engagement mechanism.

7 is a sectional view taken along the line VII-VII in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Waste Compressor 2 Outer Casing 3 Inner Casing 4 Hopper 5 Open / Close Lid 6 Compression Plate 7 Guide Block 8 Hydraulic Cylinder 9 Hydraulic Pump 10 Lock / Engage Mechanism 11, 11 'Cutting Blade 14 Opening 15 Pillow Member 16 Protrusion 17 Lever 18 Vertical rod 19 Flap 22 Foot pedal 23 Hinge

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A hopper for throwing dust into a predetermined position of a double casing having a double inner casing provided inside the outer casing, and an opening for opening compressed dust from one end of the double casing. A lid is provided at the other end, and a compression plate that is movable in the inner casing to compress dust is provided.The inner casing is locked to a predetermined position with respect to the outer casing, and when the lid is opened, the compression plate and the inner casing are opened. A lock / engagement mechanism that engages the compression plate and a drive unit that drives the compression plate forward and backward, and when the amount of repeatedly compressed dust reaches a predetermined amount, the lock of the lock engagement mechanism is released and the compression plate is engaged with the inner casing. Then, the drive unit causes the inner casing to retreat by a predetermined distance to release the internal pressure of the dust to the open / close lid, and the dust compression processing machine.