JPH0763172A - Scroll compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve performance and reliability by suppressing the upsetting moment in a scroll compressor. CONSTITUTION:A sliding partition ring dividing a pressure applied on a rotating panel board 12 back face into a discharging pressure working on the center part, and a pressure, which is lower than the discharge pressure and works on the outer circumference of the panel board 12 back face, is arranged in the outside of a rotary driving engaging part, on the panel board 12 back face, and the center of gravity of the sliding partition ring is eccentric by a half of a turning radius or more that is determined by a fixed scroll fan part 10 and a rotating scroll fan part 13, while the upsetting moment is the greatest or approximately greatest in the eccentric direction.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rollover control means of a scroll type compressor and a method of reducing thrust loss at the time of starting.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a scroll compressor, an overturning moment for overturning a swirling spiral vane component is applied by the pressure of a compression work space formed in a compression mechanism. When the swirling spiral blade parts overturn due to this overturning moment,
The gap in the compression work space formed by the fixed spiral vane component and the swirl spiral vane component increases, which increases the leakage and reduces the efficiency of the compressor, and causes mechanical contact with each part to increase friction loss. I will let you. Therefore, in order to overcome this overturning moment, there has been proposed a method of preventing overturning by introducing a discharge pressure, a discharge pressure and a suction pressure, or an intermediate pressure between them into the back surface of the swivel end plate.

Further, there is seen a structure in which a ring-shaped plate is provided on the back surface of the swirling spiral blade component in order to regulate the amount of axial movement of the swirling end plate due to the overturning moment or the like.

As this conventional example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-178785
Japanese Patent Publication (electric compressor). FIG. 9 shows this JP-A-1
It is a principal part transverse cross-sectional view of the scroll compressor shown by the -178785 publication.

In the figure, a stator 104 of an electric motor 103 for driving a compression mechanism 102 is fixed inside a sealed container 101, and a rotor 105 of the electric motor 103 is connected with a crankshaft 106 for driving the compression mechanism 102. , The rotation axis of the crankshaft is arranged almost horizontally. The compression mechanism 102 includes a fixed scroll blade component 110 in which a fixed scroll blade 109 is integrally formed on a solid frame 108, and a plurality of compression work spaces 114 that mesh with the fixed scroll blade 109.
A swirl spiral blade 111 forming a swirl spiral blade 111 on a swirl end plate 112, and a rotation restraint component 115 for preventing rotation of the swirl spiral blade part 113 and performing only swirl. The turning drive shaft 116 provided on the opposite side of the turning end plate 112 from the turning spiral blade 111,
The crankshaft 106 is fitted into an eccentric bearing 118 provided inside a main shaft 117 formed at one end of the crankshaft 106, and the crankshaft 106 is supported by a bearing component 121 having the main shaft 119. Further, an axial direction restricting plate 123 for restricting the axial movement of the swirling spiral blade component 113 is arranged from the back surface of the swiveling mirror plate 112 with a minute gap 122, and further, on the back surface of the swiveling mirror plate 112, this back surface is An annular back pressure partition that is slidable and that seals the minute gap 122 so that a discharge pressure acts on the center side of the back surface and a lower back pressure pressure acts on the back pressure chamber 125 in the outer peripheral portion. Obi 12
4 are arranged.

[0006]

However, in the prior art as described above, in order to overcome the overturning moment due to the pressure in the compression work space, the discharge pressure and a pressure lower than the discharge pressure are constantly applied to the back surface of the swivel end plate. However, the pressure in the compression work space changes greatly during one rotation, and the rollover moment also changes accordingly. FIG. 10 shows an example of the force for pressing the rotating end plate during one rotation against the fixed spiral blade component. In the figure, the solid line and the wavy line show the difference due to the pressure applied to the back surface of the swirling mirror plate.In the area surrounded by the solid diagonal line, that is, in the area where the thrust force is negative, the pressure from the back surface is insufficient and the swirling spiral blade Parts overturn. If the back pressure is raised to eliminate this overturning area and the area is indicated by the dotted line, the thrust force increases in other areas, resulting in an increase in thrust loss and a reduction in compressor efficiency. .

Further, when the pressure on the back surface of the turning mirror plate is not stable at the time of starting, mechanical contact occurs between the back surface of the turning mirror plate and the axial movement restriction provided in a ring shape, resulting in an increase in mechanical loss and eventually in a mechanical loss. The reliability will be greatly reduced.

[0008]

A technical means for solving the problems of the conventional scroll compressor described above is to dispose an electric motor and a compression mechanism driven by the electric motor inside a closed container, The compression mechanism, a swirl swirl vane component in which a fixed swirl vane component and a swirl swirl vane are formed on a swirl end plate,
A bearing component having a rotation restraint component for preventing rotation of the swirling spiral vane component and only performing swivel, a crank shaft for driving the swirling spiral vane component to swivel, and a main bearing for supporting a main shaft formed on the crank shaft. Including
A swivel drive engagement portion that engages with an eccentric drive engagement portion provided on the crankshaft to drive the swirl spiral blade component to swivel is provided on a rear surface of the swirl end plate opposite to the swirl spiral blade, and A sliding partition ring for partitioning the pressure applied to the back surface of the turning mirror plate outside the turning drive engagement portion on the back surface of the end plate into a discharge pressure applied to the central portion and a pressure lower than the discharge pressure applied to the outer periphery of the back surface of the end plate. The center of gravity of the sliding partition ring is eccentrically provided by ½ or more of the turning radius determined by the fixed spiral vane component and the swirl spiral vane component, and the eccentric direction of the swirling vane component is The direction was to be maximum or almost maximum.

Further, a flat plate which fits the sliding partition ring is provided on the rear side of the swivel mirror plate of the bearing component, and a second sliding partition ring is provided on the flat plate and the second sliding partition ring is provided.
The sliding partition ring is provided in a direction in which the overturning moment is maximum or almost maximum.

Further, a plurality of the sliding partition rings are provided concentrically, and radial communication holes are provided on the rear surface of the turning mirror plate, and the communication holes are formed by the sliding partition rings provided concentrically. The pressure space is configured to communicate with a part of one section of the swirling spiral blade component during one revolution of the swirling motion, and the pressure acting on the back pressure space is the maximum of the overturning moment or
That is, the discharge pressure is set to be almost the maximum, and the pressure is set to be lower than the discharge pressure in the other sections.

Further, there is provided an axial movement limiting plane which is formed on the bearing component or is fixed to the bearing component to limit the movable distance in the axial direction of the back face of the mirror plate to a minute fixed gap, and further, the mirror plate. That is, an axial movement limiting movable plane for limiting the movable distance of the back surface to a value smaller than the fixed gap is provided, and a fluid bearing is formed on this axial movement limiting movable plane.

[0012]

The operation of the present invention is as follows.

An electric motor and a compression mechanism driven by the electric motor are arranged inside the closed container, and the compression mechanism includes a fixed spiral blade part and a swirl spiral blade part in which swirl spiral blades are formed on a swirl end plate. A bearing component having a rotation restraint component for preventing rotation of the swirling spiral vane component and only performing swivel, a crank shaft for driving the swirling spiral vane component to swivel, and a main bearing for supporting a main shaft formed on the crank shaft. And a swirl drive member that engages an eccentric drive engagement portion provided on the crankshaft on the back face of the swirl end plate on the side opposite to the swirl spiral vane to swivel drive the swirl spiral vane component. A joint portion is provided, and the pressure applied to the back surface of the swivel mirror plate outside the swivel drive engagement portion on the back surface of the end plate is lower than the discharge pressure applied to the central portion and the discharge pressure applied to the outer periphery of the end surface of the end plate. A sliding partition ring for partitioning is provided, and the center of gravity of the sliding partition ring is provided with eccentricity of ½ or more of the turning radius determined by the fixed spiral vane component and the swirling spiral vane component, and By making the eccentric direction the direction in which the overturning moment is maximum or almost maximum, it is possible to suppress the overturning of the swirling spiral vane without increasing the thrust force between the fixed spiral vane component and the swirling spiral vane component, It is possible to prevent a decrease in the efficiency of the compressor.

Further, a flat plate which fits the sliding partition ring is provided on the rear side of the turning mirror plate of the bearing component, and a second sliding partition ring is provided on the flat plate and the second sliding partition ring is provided.
By providing the sliding partition ring in the direction in which the overturning moment is maximized or almost maximized, the swirling spiral component can be stably swung with almost no increase in the thrust force, and the axial movement restriction is limited. The mechanical contact between the plate and the swivel mirror plate can be mitigated, and the reliability can be improved.

Further, a plurality of the sliding partition rings are concentrically provided, and radial communication holes are provided on the back surface of the swivel end plate, and the communication holes are formed by the concentric sliding partition rings. The pressure space is configured to communicate with a part of one section of the swirling spiral blade component during one revolution of the swirling motion, and the pressure acting on the back pressure space is the maximum of the overturning moment or
Since the discharge pressure is set to be almost the maximum and the discharge pressure is set to be lower in the other sections, the back pressure of the swivel end plate can be controlled by following the change of the overturning moment during one rotation. Therefore, the rollover can be suppressed without increasing the thrust loss, and the efficiency of the compressor can be improved.

Further, there is provided an axial movement limiting plane which is formed on the bearing component or is fixed to the bearing component to limit the movable distance in the axial direction of the rear face of the mirror plate to a minute fixed gap, and further, the mirror plate. By disposing an axial movement limiting movable flat surface for limiting the movable distance of the back surface to a value smaller than the fixed gap, and forming a fluid bearing on this axial movement limiting movable flat surface, the swivel end plate at the time of starting, etc. The swirling spiral blade part can be supported even in the region where the pressure on the back surface is unstable, and mechanical contact between the swirling end plate and the axial movement limit can be prevented, improving the performance of the compressor and improving the reliability. Be peeled off.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS As a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a scroll compressor, FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view, FIG. 3 is a principle view, and FIG. 4 is a relation of the second embodiment. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of parts, FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view of the third embodiment, FIG. 6 is a perspective view of related parts, and FIG.

The compression mechanism 2 is fixed inside the closed container 1,
The stator 4 of the electric motor 3 that drives this is fixed, and the rotor 5 of the electric motor 3 is connected to the crankshaft 6 that drives the compression mechanism 2. The compression mechanism 2 includes a fixed spiral blade component 10 having a fixed spiral blade 9 formed integrally with a fixed end plate 8, and a plurality of compression work spaces 14 that mesh with the fixed spiral blade 9 and are compressed.
And a swirling spiral blade component 13 in which a swirling spiral blade 11 forming the above is formed on a swirling end plate 12, and this swirling spiral blade component 1
Rotation restraint part 15 for preventing rotation of 3 and only turning
And an eccentric bearing 17 provided inside the main shaft 18 of the crankshaft 6 and the rotary drive shaft 16 provided on the opposite side of the rotary spiral blade 11 of the rotary end plate 12, and into which the rotary drive shaft 16 is fitted.
And a main bearing 1 that supports the main shaft 18 of the crankshaft 6.
A bearing component 21 having a shaft 9 and a flat face 23 having an axial movement restricting plane 23 for restricting the axial movement of the swirl spiral blade component 13 with a minute gap from the rear face 20 of the swirl mirror plate 12 on the rear face of the swirl mirror plate 12. The face plate component 24 is arranged. A sliding partition ring 25 for partitioning the pressure applied to the rear surface 20 of the mirror plate into a discharge pressure applied to the central portion and a pressure lower than the discharge pressure applied to the rear surface 20 of the mirror plate is disposed on the flat plate component 24. The center of gravity of the sliding partition ring 25 is eccentric with respect to the center of gravity of the swirl end plate 12 by 1/2 or more of the swirl radius ro for swivel-driving the swirl spiral blade component 13, and the direction thereof is in the compression work space 14. It is provided so that the overturning moment due to pressure is at or near the maximum. With this structure, even if a sliding partition ring having a diameter substantially the same as the conventional one is used, a force acting on the back surface of the end plate generates a moment in a direction opposite to the above-mentioned overturning moment, so that the swirling spiral blade component 13
Can be suppressed (FIG. 3).

FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment. Flat plate component 2
The second sliding partition ring 26 on the axial movement restriction plane 23 of FIG.
Is provided in such a direction that the overturning moment due to the pressure in the compression work space 14 is at or near the maximum. Reference numeral 27 is a high pressure introducing hole for introducing the discharge pressure inward of the second sliding partition ring.

A third embodiment is shown in FIGS. A second sliding partition ring 26 is provided concentrically on the outer circumference of a first sliding partition ring 25 provided on the axial movement limiting flat surface 23 of the flat plate part 24, and the first and second sliding partition rings are provided. Ring 25, 2
A back pressure space 27 is formed by the rear surface 6, the rear surface 20 of the end plate, and the axial movement restriction plane 23 of the plane part 24. 28 is a swing end plate 12
These are radial grooves provided on the rear surface 20 of the mirror plate, and the swirl and swirl vane component 13 makes a swirling motion to repeatedly communicate and block the back pressure space 27. At this time, the pressure in the back pressure space 27 has radial grooves 28 at the crank angle at which the swirling spiral vane component 13 has the maximum or near the maximum overturning moment.
And the discharge pressure is reached. Further, at other crank angles, the radial groove 28 and the back pressure space 27 communicate with each other and have a pressure lower than the discharge pressure.

FIG. 8 shows a fourth embodiment. Plane parts 24
A movable plane annular part 30 having an annular axial movement restricting plane 29 is arranged on the outer periphery of, and is supported by an annular spring 31. Reference numeral 32 is a washer that smoothes the contact between the annular spring 31 and the movable plane annular component 30. Reference numeral 33 denotes an arcuate fluid bearing provided on the end plate rear surface 20 side of the movable planar annular component 29, which generates a dynamic pressure when the back surface pressure is unstable at the time of starting or the like and forms a contact with the end plate rear surface 23 of the turning end plate 12. Prevent mechanical contact.

[0022]

As described above, the effect of the first aspect of the present invention is to suppress the overturning of the swirling spiral vane without increasing the thrust force between the fixed spiral swirl vane component and the swirl spiral vane component. Therefore, the efficiency of the compressor can be prevented from lowering.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the swirling spiral component can be swung stably without increasing the thrust force, and the mechanical contact between the axial movement limiting plate and the swiveling end plate is reduced. Therefore, the reliability can be improved.

The effect according to claim 3 of the present invention is that since the backside pressure of the swiveling end plate can be controlled by following the change of the overturning moment during one rotation, the overturning can be suppressed without increasing the thrust loss. The efficiency can be improved.

The effect according to claim 4 of the present invention is that the swirling spiral blade component can be supported even in a region where the pressure on the back surface of the swirling mirror plate is unstable at the time of starting, and the swirling mirror plate and the axial direction movement limiting plate. It is possible to prevent mechanical contact with the compressor and improve the performance and reliability of the compressor.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of an embodiment of a scroll compressor according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view and a perspective view of the same main part.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the same principle.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a main part of another embodiment of the scroll compressor according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of essential parts of another embodiment of the scroll compressor according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the same main part.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the same operation.

FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view of essential parts of an embodiment for a scroll compressor according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view of a main part of a conventional example.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of the same principle.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 airtight container 2 compression mechanism 3 electric motor 4 electric motor stator 5 electric motor rotor 6 crankshaft 10 fixed spiral blade part 11 swirling spiral blade 12 swirl end plate 13 swirl spiral blade part 15 rotation restraint part 18 main spindle 19 main bearing 20 end plate 21 bearing Parts 23 Axial movement restriction plane 24 Plane plate parts 25 Sliding partition ring 26 Second sliding partition ring 27 Back pressure space 28 Communication hole 29 Axial movement restriction movable plane 33 Fluid bearing

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yoshinobu Kojima 1006 Kadoma, Kadoma City, Osaka Prefecture Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. (72) Sadao Kawahara, 1006 Kadoma, Kadoma City, Osaka Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Taisei Kobayakawa 1006 Kadoma, Kadoma, Osaka Prefecture Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. (72) Shozo Hase, 1006 Kadoma, Kadoma City, Osaka Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A swirl swirl vane component in which an electric motor and a compression mechanism driven by this electric motor are disposed inside a hermetically sealed container, and the fixed swirl vane component and the swirl swirl vane are formed on a swirl end plate. And a rotation restraint component for preventing rotation of the swirling spiral vane component to perform only swivel, a crankshaft for driving the swirling spiral vane component to swivel, and a main bearing for supporting a main shaft formed on the crankshaft. A swirl that includes a bearing component and engages an eccentric drive engagement portion provided on the crankshaft on the rear face of the swirl end plate opposite to the swirl spiral vane to swivel the swirl end vane component. A drive engagement portion is provided, and the pressure applied to the back surface of the swivel mirror plate outside the swivel drive engagement portion on the back surface of the end plate is lower than the discharge pressure applied to the central portion and the discharge pressure applied to the outer periphery of the end surface of the end plate. A sliding partition ring for partitioning is provided, and the center of gravity of the sliding partition ring is provided with eccentricity of ½ or more of the turning radius determined by the fixed spiral vane component and the swirling spiral vane component, and A scroll compressor whose eccentric direction is the direction in which the overturning moment is maximum or almost maximum. 2. A flat plate which fits the sliding partition ring is provided on the rear side of the turning mirror plate of the bearing component, a second sliding partition ring is provided on the flat plate, and the second sliding partition is provided. The scroll compressor according to claim 1, wherein the ring is provided in a direction in which the overturning moment is maximum or substantially maximum. 3. A plurality of the sliding partition rings are provided concentrically, and radial communication holes are provided on the back surface of the swivel end plate, and the communication holes are formed by the concentric sliding partition rings. The pressure space is configured so as to communicate with a part of one section during one rotation of the swirling motion of the swirling spiral blade component, and the pressure acting on the back pressure space is the discharge pressure at the maximum or almost maximum section of the overturning moment. The scroll compressor according to claim 1, wherein the pressure is lower than the discharge pressure in the other sections. 4. An axial movement restriction plane is formed on the bearing component or fixed to the bearing component to limit an axially movable distance of the rear face of the mirror plate to a minute fixed gap, and further, the rear face of the mirror plate. 2. The scroll compressor according to claim 1, further comprising an axial movement limiting movable flat surface for limiting the movable distance of the axial movement limiting movable flat surface to a value smaller than the fixed gap, and forming a fluid bearing on the axial direction movement limiting movable flat surface.