JPH0762303B2 - Fiber entangled sheet manufacturing method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Field of Industrial Application> The present invention relates to a fiber entangled sheet having a feeling of fullness without bones, and particularly to a fiber entangled sheet useful as a base of a leather-like sheet.

<Prior Art> Conventionally, fiber entangled sheets have been widely used for artificial leather, artificial leather substrates, interlinings, sanitary materials, and industrial sheets. Is also used. And in recent years, several proposals have been made to make entangled nonwoven fabrics with improved texture. For example, a polyester fiber with different heat shrinkage is mixed at a specific ratio to make a web, and heat shrinking is applied to achieve a cantilever bending resistance of 90 mm.
To make the following soft non-woven fabric is disclosed in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 56-18698, a web is made of a highly shrinkable polyester fiber having potential spontaneous stretchability, entangled and then subjected to shrinkage treatment, and then spontaneous stretching heat treatment. It is also possible to make a flexible fiber sheet with drape, as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-53388.
JP-A-56-37353, JP-A-56-165054, JP-A-57-42952 discloses a web made by blending a highly shrinkable fiber having spontaneous stretchability and a low shrinkable fiber, It is possible to make a flexible fiber sheet by performing entanglement treatment followed by shrinkage treatment, and then performing spontaneous elongation heat treatment.Also, a high-pressure synthetic fiber web is entangled by jetting a thin high-pressure water stream, and then wet heat treated. A non-woven fabric having properties very similar to those of fabrics that are area-shrinked, dried at a temperature that does not cause changes in the morphology and internal structure of the constituent fibers, and then heat-set under pressure is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-
It is proposed in Japanese Patent No. 37208. On the other hand, the present inventors have already proposed a fiber entangled sheet of elastic fibers and inelastic fibers as a stretchable fiber sheet having improved texture and drape.
-211666 and JP-A-59-211664.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> In the conventional fiber entangled sheet, the apparent density of the entangled body is increased by applying shrinkage treatment. However, if the fiber density is simply increased, it is felt-like in texture and far from a soft and elastic or full-feeling texture. Therefore, it has been proposed to improve the flexibility and drape by blending spontaneously extensible fibers, shrink-treating them, and then subjecting them to spontaneous elongation, which has been improved in terms of texture. A sheet alone cannot obtain a fiber entangled body having a texture like a cowhide with a rounded waist without a bony.

Further, although the fiber entangled sheet of the elastic fiber and the non-elastic fiber previously proposed by the present inventors has a wide range of elasticity in which flexibility and structural deformation does not occur and is excellent in drapeability, However, it is not suitable for gloves such as glove leather made from cow leather, because it is too stretchable or lacks in waist strength depending on the intended use.

The present invention is a blend of conventional shrinkable fibers and non-shrinkable fibers,
In the texture area that cannot be obtained by the entangled sheet made of the blended cotton of the shrinkable / spontaneous stretchable fiber and the non-shrinkable fiber and the blended fiber of the elastic fiber and the non-elastic fiber, the waist with a rounded shape without bones and the structural destruction Provided is a fiber entangled body having an elongation in the range of at least 10 to 30% that does not cause the occurrence of cracking, a high bending fatigue resistance that does not cause cracks due to repeated bending, and excellent morphological stability. To do.

<Means for Solving Problems> The present invention relates to a stretch-fixed elastic fiber A obtained by spinning, stretching, and heat-setting an elastic polymer having a temporary fixing property at least at 30 ° C. A shrinkable non-elastic fiber having high shrinkability obtained by spinning an elastic polymer or a shrinkable / spontaneously expandable non-elastic fiber B and a low shrinkage or non-shrinkable non-shrinkable non-shrinkable fiber obtained by spinning an inelastic polymer The mixing ratio of elastic fiber C is A / (B + C) = 10/90 to 70/30, and B / C = 2
A web is prepared by blending cotton in the range of 0/80 to 95/5, entangled, and then the elastic fiber A and the shrinkable non-elastic fiber or the shrinkable / spontaneous stretchable non-elastic fiber B is non-shrinkable. A method for producing a fiber entangled sheet, which comprises shrinking the fiber entangled sheet under a condition in which the fiber entangled sheet shrinks more than the elastic fiber C.

The fiber entangled sheet obtained by the method of the present invention has an elongation at structural destruction of 1.0 mm in thickness of at least 80% and a strength of at least 0.
35 kg / mm ² and an elastic recovery rate of at least 80% without causing structural failure and an elongation rate of at least 10 to 30
The fiber entangled body is in the range of%, has high flexural fatigue resistance and does not generate cracks even when repeatedly bent, and has excellent morphological stability.

The elastic fiber A used in the present invention is at least one polymer diol selected from polyester diols having an average molecular weight of 500 to 2500, polyether diols, polyester ether diols, polylactone diols, and polycarbonate diols. At least one organic polyisocyanate selected from aromatic polyisocyanates and alicyclic polyisocyanates, particularly organic diisocyanates and low molecular weight compounds having two active hydrogen atoms as chain extenders and having a molecular weight of less than 400, such as diols, diamines and hydrazines. A polyurethane elastomer obtained by reacting with at least one compound selected from the group consisting of an organic polyisocyanate occupying a polyurethane elastomer chain and a chain extender having a hard segment amount of 40 to 67. % Range. If the hard segment content is less than 40%, even a polymer diol having a small soft segment molecular weight cannot be used as a polyurethane having sufficient heat-fixing properties. On the other hand, increasing the amount of hard segment is preferable for improving the heat fixing property,
The elastic behavior is reduced and the stretchability of the fiber entangled sheet is deteriorated. Further, it may be a polyester elastomer obtained by subjecting at least one of the above-mentioned polymer diols, an aromatic dicarboxylic acid or its ester, and a low-molecular diol to condensation reaction, if necessary. The polyurethane elastomer or polyester elastomer is spun by melt spinning, dry spinning or wet spinning, stretched, heat treated and temporarily fixed at at least 30 ° C. Then, if necessary, a fiber oil agent is applied, crimped, and then cut to obtain staple fibers.

In addition, it has a high shrinkability, such as shrinkable non-elastic fiber or shrinkable
The spontaneously extensible inelastic fiber B was selected from polyethylene terephthalate fiber or copolymerized polyethylene terephthalate fiber containing 80 mol% or more of ethylene terephthalate units, polybutylene terephthalate fiber, polyolefin resin, polyvinyl alcohol fiber, polyvinyl chloride fiber and the like. At least one type of fiber. Preferably, the fiber structure has low crystallinity and low orientation, for example, a winding speed of 4500.
Non-stretched fibers wound at less than m / min. It is wound up at a winding speed of less than 1500 m / min by ordinary melt spinning, drawn at a low temperature where crystallization does not increase, and is not heat set. The degree of crystallinity is less than 20%, and the shrinkage rate is low. at least
Fiber that is 20%. When these fibers are highly crystallized by the treatment performed after the fiber entanglement treatment, the effect of imparting a feeling of fullness of the fiber entangled body and elasticity is enhanced.

The non-shrinkable or non-shrinkable non-shrinkable non-elastic fiber C is an ordinary aromatic polyester fiber, polyamide fiber,
It is at least one kind of fiber selected from polyolefin fibers, polyacrylic fibers, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, regenerated cellulose fibers and the like. Preferred are polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, nylon-6, nylon-6,6 and the like.

The fiber used in the present invention is provided with a fiber oil agent as necessary, crimped, and cut into a fiber length of 20 to 150 mm to form a staple fiber. Thereafter, the fibers A, B and C are mixed at a predetermined mixing ratio. Mixing rate is A / (B + C) = 10/90
˜70 / 30 and B / C = 20/80 to 95/5.
To increase the elasticity, a large amount of the fiber A is mixed to increase the elasticity. In addition, the fibers B and A are increased in order to increase the waist and the solid feeling. The blending ratio of the three makes the texture as desired. After blending at a predetermined blending rate, hang it on a card to make a web, and after making it into a random web or a cross-lapped web, or after making it into a web by dispersing it in a dispersion medium and making it a wet method, the basis weight of the web is about 100 to 2000 g / m. Laminate multiple sheets so that the range is ² . Then, the fibers are entangled by a needle punching method, a high-pressure fluid jetting method, or a combination of both. After the entanglement treatment, the shrinkage treatment is performed under the condition that the fiber A and the fiber B shrink more than the fiber C. That is, the treatment is performed in hot water at a temperature of 65 to 98 ° C., in a steam atmosphere or a dry heat atmosphere. As a result, the fiber A is temporarily released from the contraction and contracts, a part where the fibers A are in contact with each other is partially glued and at least partially forms a mesh structure in the fiber entanglement, and the fiber is in a tension state. To form. Further, when shrinkable / spontaneous stretchable non-elastic fiber is used as the shrinkable fiber B, a spontaneous stretch treatment is performed by a high temperature heat treatment or the like after the shrinkage treatment. The non-contractile non-elastic fibers C in the obtained fiber entangled sheet are said to be pushed into the entangled body in a folded state. For that reason, the fiber entangled sheet causes structural destruction when stretched like a normal fiber entangled nonwoven fabric, and unlike the one that does not show the expansion and contraction behavior of the eyelid, the elongation expressing elasticity that does not cause structural destruction. Is at least 10
% To a stretchable entangled body in the range of about 30%, and the thickness
At 1.0 mm, the elongation at structural failure is at least 80%, the strength is at least 0.35 kg / mm ² , and the elongation at which elastic recovery is at least 80% without causing structural failure is
Those in the range of 10 to 30% are obtained.

The fiber entangled body of the present invention is used as it is for a substrate of artificial leather, and a film of a polymer mainly composed of an elastic polymer is provided on the surface. It is used by forming a fiber raised surface by dyeing or flame retarding. Alternatively, it is also preferable to impregnate and solidify the solution or dispersion of the polymer in order to impart a fullness to the fiber entangled body.

<Examples> Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples. The parts and% in the examples relate to weight unless otherwise specified.

Example 1 Polybutylene adipate glycol having an average molecular weight of 1000 49
Parts, 41 parts diphenylmethane diisocyanate and 1,4
-Polyester polyurethane elastomer obtained by reacting 10 parts of butanediol (51% hard segment) was melt-spun and wound at a winding speed of 900 m / min. After stretching, a fixed length heat treatment was performed in hot water at 75 ° C, and an oil agent was applied to obtain a polyurethane elastomer filament having a fineness of 4.5dr. The filament has a substantial draw ratio of 1.7 and a shrinkage ratio of 23% in hot water at 70 ° C. (hereinafter referred to as fiber A).

On the other hand, polyethylene terephthalate was melt-spun, drawn at a take-up speed of 5000 m / min, and can-taken without drawing treatment. This filament has a fineness of 2.5dr, 70
Shrinkage of fiber in warm water at ℃ about 3%, crystallinity 37%
Non-shrink filament (hereinafter referred to as fiber B).

Further, polyethylene terephthalate was melt-spun, drawn at a take-up speed of 3500 m / min, and can-taken without stretching treatment. This filament has a fineness of 2.5dr, 70
Fiber shrinkage in warm water at ℃ 52%, crystallinity 7.5%
It is a highly shrinkable filament (hereinafter referred to as fiber C).

Then, each filament fiber A, B and C is mixed at a predetermined ratio shown in Table 1, an oil agent is applied through an oil agent bath, crimped, and then cut into a length of 51 mm and stapled by three-way mixing. Fiber was obtained. This staple fiber is spread on a card to open a web, a web is made with a random web bar, three webs are laminated, and a total of 480 P / cm ² is needle punched from both sides of the web alternately with a needle number # 40, and a basis weight is obtained. About 300g / m
^Two entangled nonwoven fabrics were made. This entangled non-woven fabric is immersed in hot water at 70 ° C for 3 minutes for shrinkage treatment, dehydrated and dried, and the surface of the entangled non-woven fabric is smoothed and the surface of the metal drum is mirror-finished to enhance the feeling of solidity. The temperature was set to 150 ° C., and the entangled nonwoven fabric was pressure-bonded to the surface thereof at a surface pressure of 0.5 kg / cm ² for 30 seconds. The relative performance of the resulting entangled nonwoven fabric is shown in Tables 1 and 2.

For comparison, the relative performance of the entangled nonwoven fabric obtained by treating the web containing the blended fibers of the fibers B and C without the polyurethane elastomer fiber A under the same conditions is also shown in Tables 1 and 2. .

Polyurethane elastomer fibers in the entangled nonwoven fabric of the present invention has a portion where many of its joints are bonded and form a network structure, have a softness which is fulfilling as an entangled nonwoven fabric, and has shrinkability, and Due to its bending resistance, one side of this entangled non-woven fabric is buffed with sandpaper to form a fiber-napped surface with a thickness of 1.5 mm and dyed in brown with a disperse dye and a carrier. It was suitable for the original fabric for casual shoes.

<Effects of the Invention> The fiber entangled body of the present invention is in a texture region having a rounded waist without bones, which cannot be obtained by a fiber entangled nonwoven fabric composed of only non-elastic fibers, and has elasticity that does not cause structural destruction. ~
It is a stable fiber entangled body having a form that is developed in an elongation range of 30% and is excellent in bending fatigue resistance.

Further, the fiber entangled body of the present invention can be used as it is as a fiber sheet, but it can also be used as a base material of a leather-like sheet material having high demands for flex resistance, flexibility and fullness.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI Technical display location D04H 1/48 B 7199-3B 1/54 Z 7199-3B

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. An elastic polymer having a temporary fixing property at least at 30 ° C. is spun, stretched and heat-set to obtain a stretch-fixed elastic fiber A and a non-elastic polymer. A shrinkable non-elastic fiber or a shrinkable / spontaneous stretchable non-elastic fiber B and a low-shrinkable or non-shrinkable non-shrinkable non-elastic fiber C obtained by spinning a non-elastic polymer have a mixing ratio of A / (B + C) = 10/90 to 70/30, and B / C
= 20 / 80-95 / 5 mixed to create a web,
Performing entanglement treatment, and then shrinking the fiber entangled sheet under the condition that the elastic fiber A and the shrinkable non-elastic fiber or the shrinkable / self-expanding non-elastic fiber B shrinks more than the non-shrinkable non-elastic fiber C. A method for producing a characteristic fiber entangled sheet. 2. The method for producing a fiber entangled sheet according to claim 1, wherein the elastic fiber is a polyurethane elastomer. 3. The shrinkable non-elastic fiber or the shrinkable / spontaneously expandable non-elastic fiber B is polyethylene terephthalate or a copolymerized polyethylene terephthalate containing 80 mol% or more of ethylene terephthalate units. A method for producing the fiber entangled sheet described. 4. A contracted fiber entangled sheet having a thickness of 1.0 mm has an elongation at structural destruction of at least 80% and a strength of at least 80%.
The method for producing a fiber entangled sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the method is 0.35 kg / mm ² .