JPH076172B2 - Air flow cleaning car - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an air flow cleaning vehicle equipped with a centrifugal dust separator.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an air flow cleaning vehicle equipped with a centrifugal dust separating device as described above stores heavy dust such as stones and empty cans in a hopper as disclosed in, for example, U.S. Pat.No. 3,545,181. After that, air containing fine dust (dust) is sucked into the separator through the suction port of the centrifugal dust separator, and when the air flow swirls in the direction of the blower along the axial center. The dust was discharged to the hopper from the discharge port of the separation device that was directly communicated with the hopper by the centrifugal force of the swirling air flow. In such an air flow cleaning vehicle, in order to suck dust on the road surface into the pickup head, a predetermined amount of outside air (new air) is picked up from the front side of the pickup head toward the rear depending on the type of dust. The air in the circulating air is exhausted according to the amount of the outside air that has been sucked in, and the exhaust air is normally provided by connecting an exhaust pipe to the outer surface of the blower casing and connecting the air passage of the exhaust pipe. Was adjusted by the regulator door to control the exhaust flow rate, that is, the intake amount of outside air.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention In the method of separating dust by swirling air as described above, a centrifugal force is applied to the inner wall of the centrifugal dust separation device by vigorously rotating the particles of the dust, and the force is used. Since the dust is discharged from the discharge port, the dust moves at a high speed with respect to the inner wall, so that the inner wall is worn quickly and, in addition, the extremely fine dust particles have a small mass, so sufficient centrifugal force acts on them. However, it could not be sufficiently removed by the centrifugal dust separator. The extremely fine dust that was not separated in this way is re-inhaled from the blower suction port and wears the impeller of the blower as if it were a shot of a shot blast machine, and the extremely fine dust is centrifugal force of the impeller. There is a problem that the blower casing will be severely worn because it collides violently with the blower casing. Especially when cleaning a road surface with a lot of sand or gravel, the blower and blower casing may become unusable after only about one month. there were. When cleaning light dust such as leaves and paper dust, the regulator door is fully opened to suck in a large amount of outside air.In such a case, a large amount of fine dust that is not separated by the separating device is discharged from the exhaust pipe. Therefore, there was a problem such as dust pollution.

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and a screen is attached between the blow-out portion of the suction duct and the suction port of the centrifugal dust separation device to perform the centrifugal dust separation. In an air flow cleaning vehicle, the blower air provided at the open end of the device is circulated to a suction port of the centrifugal dust separation device through the screen after passing through a pressure feeding duct, a pickup head, and a suction duct. It is characterized in that a spray nozzle for giving moisture to the dust contained in the circulating air after passing the screen is arranged between the suction port of the centrifugal dust separating device and the screen.

Action According to the above-mentioned means, the circulating air after containing heavy dust such as stones and empty cans in the hopper is passed through the screen, and the screen removes light and large dust. Then, after passing through the screen, water is sprayed by the spray nozzle to the circulating air containing a large amount of dust, forming a water film on the inner wall surface of the centrifugal separator, and adding water to the dust to cause dust to be generated. Are adsorbed on each other to increase the mass of extremely fine dust, increase the centrifugal force acting in the centrifugal dust separating device, and attach this dust to the water film to separate the extremely fine dust. Further, the water film reduces the moving speed of the dust with respect to the inner wall, and reduces the wear of the inner wall.

Example First, an outline of an air flow cleaning vehicle will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. An underframe 2 is fixed on the left and right vehicle frames 1, and a centrifugal dust separating device 3 (hereinafter referred to as the dust separating device 3) is attached to the underframe 2.
Are welded in the horizontal direction in a substantially horizontal state. A blower casing 4 is integrally welded to the open end of the dust separator 3, and an impeller 8 of a blower 7 is rotatably supported by a bearing 6 attached to an outer plate 5 of the blower casing 4, and a wedge is attached to the shaft of the impeller 8. The V-belt 12 is suspended around the V-pulley 9 and the V-pulley 11 attached to the output shaft of the engine 10.
Is rotated at high speed. An exhaust pipe 13 for discharging circulating air is connected to the outer side plate of the blower casing 4, and a regulator door 14 for adjusting the exhaust amount is swingably supported at the opening of the blower casing 4 from the upright position where the opening is closed to the third position. The fully open position shown by the dotted line in the figure can be freely controlled from the driver's seat.
The lower end of the blower casing 4 is connected to the pressure feeding duct 15,
The pumping duct 15 is connected to the pickup head 16.

The pickup head 16 includes a top plate 18 that doubles as a rear wall by bending the rear parts into U-shapes on the left and right side plates 17A and 17B as shown in FIG. 6, and the inside of the pickup head 16 as the upper chamber 23 and the lower chamber. The top plate has a sheet metal structure in which diagonal partition plates 19 that are divided into 24 are welded to each other.
18 and 2 front flaps made of rubber respectively on the front edge of the partition plate 19
0, 20 are attached, and rear flaps 21, 21 made of rubber are attached in parallel to the lower surface of the rear wall portion of the top plate 18 to prevent circulating air from leaking in the front-rear direction. The wind direction plate 25 is bolted to the tip of the lower surface of the top plate 18 that is bent in a U shape, and the bent surface 19 of the partition plate 19 is bent.
A and the wind direction plate 25 form a Venturi orifice B 26. Darts shoes 27 that move in contact with the road surface are bolted to the outside of the left and right side plates 17A, 17B.
Inside the 17A and 17B, an air deflector 28 is attached so that the air blown out from the Venturi orifice 26 does not flow to both sides and backward. Since the pickup head 16 is constructed in this manner, the air sent from the pressure-feeding duct 15 flows from the right to the left in the upper chamber 23 in FIG. 3 and becomes a strong air flow from the orifice 26 due to the Venturi effect. The air that blows out toward the road surface and flows into the lower chamber 24 flows from right to left, sucks up dust on the road surface, and flows into the suction duct 30 connected to the upper surface of the partition plate 19. The pickup head 16 is a support arm attached to both ends of a shaft 31 that is rotatably supported by the underframe 2.
It is suspended by a wire rope 33 which is attached to the tip of 32. The support arm 32 of the shaft 31 is swung by the protruding and retracting of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 34 attached to the underframe 2, and the shaft 31 is rotated by a predetermined amount. Therefore, when the cleaning is not performed, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 34 projects and the supporting arm 32, which is directed downward, is horizontally swung to lift the pickup head 16 by a predetermined amount and move away from the road surface. On the bracket 36 attached to the top plate 18,
A connecting rod 37 pivotally supported by the vehicle frame 1 is connected to hold the position of the pickup head 16 in the front-rear direction.
The inlet of the duct pipe 30A of the suction duct 30 communicates with a curved pipe 44 attached to the inner wall surface of the front plate 41 of the hopper 40, which is an inclined surface as shown in FIG. The blow-out portion 44a of the suction duct 30 is formed at the opening of 44,
The air that has sucked up the dust sent through the suction duct 30 is discharged into the hopper 40 from the blowout part 44a.

The hopper 40 includes a top plate 46, a left side plate 47, a right side plate 48, a side plate 54, and a bottom plate.
49, rear plate 50, substantially vertical front plate 43, inclined front plate
It is a large room surrounded by 41, 42 and a tail door 51 that is hinged to the back plate 50 at the top. The top plate 46, the left side plate 47, and the right side plate 48 extend forward of the hopper 40 and also serve as covers for covering the dust separating device 3, the engine 10, the water tank 91, and the like. A screen 52 made of wire mesh or expanded metal is stretched over the upper part of the hopper 40 so that only fine dust (dust) passes through. As shown in FIG. 4, both ends of the stay member 53 bent in a U shape are
The left side plate 47 and the side plate 54 are welded to each other, and the stay member 53 is welded to the upper portion of the front plate 42 which is an inclined surface. The left end face of the inclined front plate 41 is welded to the left side plate 47, and the right end face is the side plate.
The bottom portion of the front plate 42, which is welded to 54, serves as a bottom plate of a dust storage box 80 described later. Stay member 53 and front plate 42
A rubber plate 55 curved in a U-shape is attached to a mounting piece 42A protruding from the. A contact plate 58 is welded in a frame shape on the four circumferences of the opening of the front plate 41 which serves as an air passage 57 through which air flows from the hopper 40 to the dust separating device 3.

A pipe 100 extending in the width direction is hung from a top plate 46 in the upstream portion of the front plate 41 of the hopper 40, and the pipe 100
Has a plurality of (three in this embodiment) spray nozzles 101,
The nozzle hole 101d at the tip is disposed slightly toward the air passage 57. As shown in FIG. 5, this spray nozzle 101 has a conical nozzle chamber 101a provided with a supply hole 101b from a substantially tangential direction, and a connection hole 101c communicating with the supply hole 101b is connected to the pipe 100. This pipe 100 is provided with a hose pipe 102 as shown in FIG.
4 and the strainer 105, and is connected to the water tank 91. The solenoid valve 103 is electrically connected so as to be opened simultaneously with the driving of the blower 7, and when the opening / closing valve 103 is opened, the whole circulating air containing a large amount of dust after passing through the screen 52. On the other hand, the water is swirled in the nozzle chamber 101a, and the water is sprayed into a conical shape like a shower from the nozzle hole 101d at the tip. The circulating air flow rate after passing through the screen 52 is about 250 m ³ / min, and the amount of water for this is about 2.4 l / min.

As shown in FIG. 5, the dust separation device 3 is provided with a suction port 60 extending in the longitudinal direction of its axis, and an arc shape is formed from the suction port portion so that air flows into the suction port 60 in the tangential direction of the cylinder. The guide plate 3A is extended and the dust separating device 3 is formed in a 6-shaped cross section. A discharge port 62 is provided facing the upper portion of the front plate 42 in the longitudinal direction of the shaft center, and the discharge port 62 communicates with the dust storage box 80. Below the outlet 62 and the guide plate 3A
The attachment pieces 63, 64 are welded to the tip of the rubber pieces 65 are attached to the attachment pieces 63, 64, the contact plate 58 of the front plate 41 is pressed against the rubber packing 65, and the outside air is hopper 40, Dust storage box
It does not flow into 80. A guide plate 66 that guides the dust blown out by the centrifugal force of the spiral flow into the dust storage box 80 is welded to the outer periphery of the dust separation device 3, and a seal plate 67 is welded to the guide plate 66 and the outer periphery of the dust separation device 3. Then, the rubber plate 55 attached to the front plate 42 is pressure-bonded to the upper surface of the seal plate 67. The left side surface of the dust storage box 80 is closed by a side plate 71, and the lower end portion of the front plate 42 that is an inclined surface is bent downward substantially vertically, and a thin iron plate is attached with rubber at the bent edge. A cover plate 68 is attached with bolts 69. Since there is no iron plate in the portion of the lid plate 68 to which the bolt is tightened, the lid plate 68 hangs in a freely openable and closable state as if attached by a hinge. The lower side of the front plate 41 of the inclined surface is bent substantially vertically as shown in FIG.
And the lower end is welded to the bottom plate 49. When the blower 7 does not rotate, the lower end of the lid plate 68 that is hanging is
As shown by the phantom line in the drawing, an appropriate gap m is provided between the vertical surface 41A and the blower 7, and when the dust separating device 3 becomes a negative pressure, the negative pressure causes the cover plate 68 to move. It is adsorbed to the vertical surface 41A and opens to the hopper 40 of the dust storage box 80 and closes the side surface. As described above, the dust storage box 80 is constituted by the front plates 42, 41, the side plates 54, 71 and the cover plate 68 which are inclined surfaces, and the upper part thereof is a box sealed by the rubber plate 55, and the dust separation device is provided. It communicates with the discharge port 62 of 3.
In FIG. 2, 92 is a side guard, 93 is a gutta room, 94 is a hydraulic motor for driving the gutta room, and 95 is a hopper.
It is a dump support shaft when dumping 40.

The air sent by the rotation of the blower 7 is compressed by the pressure duct.
The dust on the road surface is swiftly blown from the orifice port 26 of the pickup head 16 onto the road surface through the suction head 15, is sucked up from the duct 30 and is discharged from the blowing portion 44a to the hopper 40. Directly load hoppers with heavy garbage such as stones and empty cans 40
The circulating air, after having been housed therein, then passes through a screen 52, where the light, large debris carried by the circulating air is removed. The dust-laden air that passed through the screen 52
It flows from the rear to the front, passes through the air passage 57, and is sucked into the dust separation device 3 through the suction port 60. At this time, water is sprayed from the spray nozzle 101 provided on the top plate toward the circulating air like a shower, and moisture is given to the dust to increase its water content. Then, extremely fine dust also becomes dust of larger mass. Further, the sprayed water is sucked into the dust separating device 3 together with the circulating air, and forms a thin water film on the inner wall of the dust separating device 3. The air sucked into the dust separator 3 is blower 7
It flows in the direction of the impeller 8 while rotating in a spiral shape due to the high speed rotation. At this time, the dust contained in the air surely adheres to the water film on the inner wall due to the centrifugal force that acts largely due to the increase in the mass, and then the swirling flow of air causes the dust on the inner wall surface to reach the outlet 62. Move towards. At this time, the dust moves with the water film and moves with respect to the inner wall at a slower speed than in a dry state, so that the inner wall is less worn. The dust that has moved moves out of the discharge port 62, hits the guide plate 66, and falls into the dust storage box 80. The dust that has fallen is stored in the storage box 80 because the cover plate 68 is adsorbed to the rear side surface 41A when the blower 7 is rotating as described above. Since the cover plate 68 is adsorbed inside the dust storage box 80 and is in the same negative pressure state as inside the dust separation device 3, the discharge port
From 62, dust is reliably discharged into the storage box 80. As the dust is stored in the dust storage box 80, the pressure receiving area where the negative pressure acts on the cover plate 68 gradually decreases, and the suction force weakens. When the balance between the weight of the stored dust 70 and the suction force of the cover plate 68 is lost, the dust 70 pushes the cover plate 68 and is instantaneously discharged into the hopper 40, and the cover plate 68 is sucked again. That is, the lid plate 68
It acts as if it were an automatic valve, and a certain amount of dust 70
Are stored in the storage box 80. Then, when the rotation of the blower 7 is stopped, the cover plate 68 is in a hanging state, so that the dust in the storage box 80
70 drops into the hopper 40 through the gap m. The clean circulating air after the dust is separated by the dust separating device 3 in this way is sucked into the blower 7 and blown again to the blowout duct by the impeller 8. At this time, even if a part of the circulating air is discharged from the discharge pipe, extremely fine dust is not contained in the air, and dust pollution is not caused.

It should be noted that although the present embodiment has been described as having a dust storage box, it is needless to say that the present invention can also be applied to those without this.

Effect of the Invention As described above, according to the present invention, since water is sprayed from the spray nozzle to the circulating air containing a large amount of dust that is sucked into the suction port of the centrifugal dust separator, the inner wall of the centrifugal separator is In addition to forming a water film on the surface, the water content in the spray allows the dust particles to be adsorbed to each other and the mass of extremely fine dust particles can be increased, which increases the centrifugal force acting in the centrifugal dust separator. It is possible to attach this dust to the water film to separate extremely fine dust. Therefore, the circulating air sucked into the blower through the centrifugal dust separator is a clean air that does not contain extremely fine dust. Therefore, it is possible to prevent wear of the impeller and the blower casing, and even if circulating air is discharged from the exhaust pipe, dust pollution is not caused. Further, the water film has an advantage that the moving speed of the dust with respect to the inner wall is reduced, and the abrasion of the inner wall can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a hopper portion of the present invention, and III-II in FIG.
I sectional view, FIG. 2 is a side view of a cleaning vehicle embodying the present invention,
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line I- in FIG.
I sectional view, FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view of the vicinity of the centrifugal dust separator, FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. 3, and FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a pipe connection to the spray nozzle. 1 ... Vehicle frame, 3 ... Centrifugal dust separator, 7 ... Blower, 15 ... Pumping duct, 16 ... Pickup head, 30
…… Suction duct, 40 hopper, 52 …… Screen, 60 …… Suction port of centrifugal dust separator, 91 …… Water tank, 101 …… Spray nozzle

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A screen is stretched between a blow-out part of a suction duct and a suction port of a centrifugal dust separator, and a blower blower provided at an open end of the centrifugal dust separator is pressure-fed duct and a pickup head. In an air-flow cleaning vehicle that circulates to a suction port of the centrifugal dust separating device through the screen after passing through a suction duct, and removes dust contained in circulating air after passing through the screen in the centrifugal dust separating device. An air-flow cleaning vehicle, characterized in that a spray nozzle for giving moisture to the dust is provided between the suction port of the centrifugal dust separating device and the screen.