JPH0759321A - Dc motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To increase torque remarkably, by changing the direction of a current through rotated continuity roller that is joined with a magnet rotor around a fixed stator and an electrode member, and generating a rotating magnetic field at a stator electromagnet. CONSTITUTION:A stator has 2n+1 electromagnetic coils 2 put radially in a circle, and a cylindrical hollow commutator made up of a commutator segment 3 and an electrode ring 5 with an insulating plate in between is fixed at the center thereof. In a rotor, a disk-type permanent magnet 1 has 2n magnetic poles radially with their reverse poles on the front and rear sides. Then, the stator is put between two rotors with their opposite poles face to face. The rotor has continuity rollers 8 for the same polarity of the rotor. The continuity roller 8 is located on a line between a shaft 6 and the center of the permanent magnet 1. The continuity roller 8 rotates on the shaft 6 while the continuity roller 8 is put in contact with an inner face of commutator segment 3 and the electrode ring 5. The direction of a current at the electromagnetic coils 2 is sequentially switched. In this way, a rotating magnetic field to provide rotating force is generated at the stator.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0008]

This invention relates to a DC motor.

[0009]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional small DC motor without an electronic circuit is equipped with a commutator and a brush, and the armature is a rotor.
This is an electric motor with a permanent magnet as a stator.

[0010]

[Problems to be solved by the invention] In a DC motor,
A brushless motor requires an expensive electronic circuit, and a conventional motor equipped with a commutator and a brush wears due to sliding and has a sliding noise, and its life is at most 200.
It has the drawback of being 0 hours. In addition, there was a need to make the rotational force stronger by the specific gravity ratio. The present invention aims to remedy this drawback and to dramatically increase the rotational force.

[0011]

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention is an axial flux type, and the stator is 2n + 1 (n = 1, 2 ,.
・ ∞) Place and fix the electromagnetic coils (2) in a radial circle. Fix the commutator at the center of the circle. As for the commutator, the same number of commutator pieces (3) as the electromagnetic coil (2) are arranged so that a notch is formed in the center direction of each electromagnet, and the cylindrical electrode ring (5) of an electrically good conductor of the same diameter is insulated. The plate (4) is sandwiched and polymerized. The center of the circular tube in which the commutator and the electrode ring (5) are superposed is made into a circular hollow larger than the diameter of the shaft (6), and the shaft (6) is fitted in the center.

The rotor is composed of permanent magnets (1) having 2n magnetic poles in a disk-like radial pattern with different poles in the thickness direction, and two stators are arranged so that the two opposite poles face each other. A yoke (12) is attached to the back side of each plate, and a shaft (6) is fixed perpendicularly to the center, and a line connecting the center of the magnet (1) and the shaft (6) for each pole of the two rotors. In addition, a cylindrical electrically conductive roller (8) of a good conductor having a rotatable holding shaft (7) is provided, and the holding shaft (7) is connected to the yoke (12) by a slide plate (9) and a slide base (10). . A spring (11) is provided in the slide base (10) so that the surface of the current-carrying roller (8) is constantly in close contact with the periphery of the commutator / electrode ring (5). Positive and negative currents are connected to the two pairs of electrode rings (5) from the power supply terminal (13). In addition, energization is
A conventional brush type may energize between the electrode ring and commutator,
It causes sliding friction.

The housing (11) includes a stator, a commutator,
The electrode ring (5) and the bearing (15) are fixedly supported, and a power supply connection terminal (13) is provided.

[0014]

The current flows in one direction to the fixed coil between the adjacent energizing rollers that are attached on the line connecting the center of each magnetic pole of the rotor and the shaft (6), and the one energizing roller is attached by the coil. The magnetic pole is attracted, the magnetic pole attached to the other current-carrying roller repels, and the rotor rotates to that coil. Although it normally stops at that position, the direction of the current in the stator coil is reversed by the energizing roller, so the magnetic pole of the coil reverses and the magnetic pole of the rotor turns to repulsion against the coil and is attracted to the next coil to rotate. The child rotates in a certain direction. Since the number of coils is one more than the number of magnetic poles of the rotor, regardless of the position of the rotor,
Generates rotational force in the same direction. That is, a rotating magnetic field in one direction is generated in the stator. If the electrodes are reversed, the rotor will immediately rotate in reverse.

[0015]

[Effect] Contrary to the conventional DC motor equipped with a permanent magnet in the magnetic field using a commutator / brush, the rotor is a permanent magnet,
Since a rotating magnetic field is generated by an electromagnet at the stator, instead of using a brush, a roller-type conductive roller is used to connect this to the rotor, and the fixed commutator / electrode is rotated around to switch the current and rotate. Therefore, there is only rotational friction and the magnetic path gap can be reduced.
A relatively large current can be flowed compared to the conventional type in proportion to the dose of copper, and in addition, a disk-shaped rotor sandwiches the stator, or a stator sandwiches the rotor from both sides in a sandwich shape-axial flux type- Is an invention related to Udee's stepping motor in France, and is known to generate small and powerful torque, and this invention can also generate high torque even in a small size by applying it to a DC motor.
In addition, the positive power source → electrode element → energizing roller → commutator → coil → commutator → electrode element → negative power source and the current flow is the same as the conventional DC motor, but with only two positive and negative energizing rollers. However, since the number is two or more, a current flows in parallel in the armature, and a strong rotating magnetic force is obtained. If a permanent magnet with a small specific gravity is used, braking performance is good. Since there is no sliding of the brush, there is little wear and the life can be extended and frictional noise is reduced.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 will be described. This is an outer rotor type structure. Arrange 5 coils (2) forming the stator in a circle in a circle around the shaft (6) and sandwich them so that the disk-like permanent magnets are seen from one side and alternate with NSNS and 4 shafts in the center. They are aligned or magnetized and mounted on two shafts so that NSs face each other on both sides of the stator. One side of the rotor is covered with a yoke (12) to prevent the magnetic flux from escaping. In this figure, when n = 2, it can be set to 3 or more or to 1. By increasing the number, it is possible to increase the torque and reduce the uneven rotation. The energizing roller has a slide plate (9) fixed to the rotating shaft (7), inserted into the slide base, and pressed by the spring (11) to hold the slide plate (9) in close contact with the commutator / electrode ring (5). There is. In this embodiment, when n is 2, the current-carrying roller (8) is
One on the line connecting the center of the N pole and the center of the shaft (6) toward the coil surface of one permanent magnet board, one for each two, and the center of the S pole toward the coil surface of the other permanent magnet board. On the line connecting the centers of the shuffs (6), one for each two and four (2
n) The shafts (6) are installed so as to face each other. Since the number of commutator pieces (3) is n + 1, there are five pieces, which is the same number as the stator coils (2), and the coils are connected to the contacts connected in series and each commutator piece (3), The commutator pieces (3) are fixed so that the cuts of the commutator pieces (3) coincide with the centers of the coils (2). Structurally, the commutator is divided into left and right with the coil (2) as the center, and electrode rings (5) are fixed to each with an insulating plate (4) sandwiched therebetween so that the wiring does not hinder the rotation of the rotor. An electrode connecting wire (18) is attached to the ring (5), and the inside of the commutator piece base (21) made of an insulating material is passed through the ring (5) so as not to contact the commutator piece (3) and brought out to the coil side. 13), and a riser (19) is provided on the commutator piece (3) so that the risers (19) facing each other are joined to the joint portion of the adjacent coil (2). Each commutator piece (3) of the two commutators is symmetrical about the stator and electrically coupled. Since the iron core (16) is simple, an amorphous metal material can be used.

A second embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 6 will be described. This is an inner rotor type structure, in which the permanent magnet rotor (1) described in the first embodiment is sandwiched by the electromagnets (2) of the stator from both sides, and the fixed commutator and this A polymerized electrode ring (5) is provided on both sides of the rotor (1), and a current-carrying roller (8) is attached to the center of the magnetic pole of the rotor and the line of the shaft (6).
In the case of n = 1, the rotor is magnetically divided into two, 1 is NS and 1 is a half moon type of SN, and the electromagnet (2) of the stator is 3 Therefore, the commutator piece (3) is also made up of three pieces. The housing is omitted. Also in this type, the torque can be increased and the rotation can be smoothed by increasing the number of n to 2, 3, ...

Another embodiment of the present invention will be described. In both the first and second embodiments, one of the rotor stators has a structure in which the other sandwiches the other. However, in addition to the above-described two embodiments, as a third embodiment, in order to reduce the volume of the motor, Also, a single-sided structure can be used.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an internal exploded perspective view of a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of the commutator of the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view of the energizing roller of the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of an energizing roller, a yoke, a slide plate, a slide base, a spring, a rotating magnet, and a shaft of the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a wiring diagram of the same embodiment. The dotted line is the mechanical connection.

FIG. 6 is a side view of the same embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the same embodiment.

FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view of the inside of the second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of sign]

 1 permanent magnet 2 electromagnetic coil 3 commutator 4 insulating plate 5 electrode ring 6 shaft 7 energizing roller shaft 8 energizing roller 9 slide plate 10 slide base 11 spring 12 yoke 13 electrode terminal 14 housing 15 bearing 16 iron core 17 roller rotating bearing 18 electrode connection Wire 19 Riser 20 Electrode ring stand 21 Commutator stand

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A. The rotor has two sides with different polarities on the front and back.
The magnet (1) is formed by arranging permanent magnets of n (n = 1 to a positive integer) in a radial pattern in which different poles are alternately arranged. B. The stator is composed of 2n + 1 electromagnet coils (2) in which each wire ring is radially arranged in a circular shape. C. The rotor and the stator are of the axial flux type so that one side sandwiches the other side in a sandwich shape in the shaft (6) direction. D. The commutator consists of a good conductor cylinder (5) of the same diameter (hereinafter referred to as an electrode ring) connected to the electrode, and an insulating plate (4).
And the inner diameter is larger than the shaft (6) of the rotor, and the commutator pieces (3) and the electromagnets that are the stator are fitted with the shaft (6). The coil (2) is similar to a conventional DC motor, that is, the coils are connected so as to face each other in the same direction, and the connecting portions are connected to the commutator pieces (3) to form the gaps between the commutator pieces (3). Are aligned with the center of each coil (2) and fixed. E. The rotor is composed of 2n cylindrical good conductors having a central axis (7) so as to come into contact with the commutator element (3) and the electrode ring (5) and rotate around the commutator element (5) while performing a planetary motion. A possible roller (8) (hereinafter referred to as a current-carrying roller) is attached on a line connecting the center of each magnetic pole (1) of the rotor and the shaft. The electrode ring (5) has two rings, one ring is connected to a positive power source from a power supply terminal, and the other one ring is connected to a negative power source. 5) 1 ring and commutator piece (3), the other n are the other 1
The ring and the commutator element (3) are brought into contact with each other and are alternately attached to the rotor at the same intervals. A DC motor characterized by the above. [0007]