JPH0755403B2 - Head device for replaceable head type machine tools - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial field of application) The present invention includes a drive unit on a base that can move forward and backward toward a jig base in front, and can be selected at a use position that matches the front surface of the drive unit. The present invention relates to a head device applied to a head exchange type machine tool in which a head frame is moved forward and backward together with the drive unit and a work unit mounted on the front surface of the head frame processes a workpiece on a jig table.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, as a head device of this type, according to Japanese Patent Publication No. Sho 61-30844, a machining unit having a tool driven by a hydraulic motor on the front surface of a head frame is reciprocated in a predetermined direction by a hydraulic cylinder. The head frame can be freely installed.
An oil tank, a hydraulic oil circulation system connecting the tank to a hydraulic motor or a hydraulic cylinder, and a hydraulic pump intervening in the system are provided, and the pump is connected to the output shaft on the front face of the drive unit. It is known that the head unit is driven by a power input through a coupling on the back surface of the head frame to reciprocate the machining unit by a hydraulic cylinder and rotate the tool by a hydraulic motor.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In the above, a heavy hydraulic pump is mounted on the head frame and a large amount of oil is supplied to the hydraulic motor for driving the tool in addition to the hydraulic cylinder. However, there is a problem that the weight of the head frame increases, the head replacement mechanism becomes large, and the replacement work becomes less efficient.

In view of the above points, the present invention mechanically drives the tool of the processing unit by the power from the output shaft of the drive unit, so that a small amount of oil is supplied to the head frame for the hydraulic cylinder that reciprocates the processing unit. It is an object of the present invention to provide a head device capable of reducing the weight of a head frame by making it possible to store the water and to supply oil to a hydraulic cylinder without using a hydraulic pump.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, a drive unit that is capable of advancing and retracting toward a front jig base is provided on a base, and a use position that matches a front surface of the drive unit. A head device applied to a head-replaceable machine tool configured to move a selected head frame forward and backward together with the drive unit, wherein the front face of the head frame is provided with a tool for processing a workpiece on a jig stand. In a unit in which a unit is reciprocally movable in a predetermined direction, a head frame is provided with a rear coupling connected to an output shaft on the front surface of the drive unit, and the coupling and the tool for moving the machining unit. And a coupling member for permitting coupling, and is operated by a low pressure fluid supplied from the drive unit through a fluid joint to supply pressure oil to the hydraulic cylinder. Equipped with an amplifier.

As the low-pressure fluid, compressed air or cutting fluid supplied to the processing location can be used.

(Operation) When low-pressure fluid is supplied from the drive unit to the booster via the fluid joint, the oil stored in the booster is boosted and supplied to the hydraulic cylinder, which causes the machining unit to reciprocate. On the other hand, the tool is driven by the output shaft of the drive unit via the coupling and the connecting member, and the machining unit is reciprocated while driving the tool while the head frame is advanced together with the drive unit toward the jig base. By
The workpiece on the jig table is subjected to predetermined processing.

By the way, when the head frame is separated from the drive unit when the head is replaced, the supply of the low-pressure fluid is cut off, so that the hydraulic cylinder becomes free and the processing unit may move arbitrarily. In this case, the head frame is provided with a lock member for locking the machining unit in the returning position, and the lock member is switched from the locked position to the unlocked position against the spring by the low pressure fluid. When the tool is separated from the drive unit, the lock member is switched to the lock position by the urging force of the spring, and the machining unit is locked in the return position, so the above problem does not occur.On the other hand, when the head frame is used, The low pressure fluid causes the locking member to switch to the unlocked position, allowing the hydraulic cylinder to reciprocate the processing unit.

It is also possible to mount a hydraulic pump on the drive unit and supply the pressure oil from the pump to the hydraulic cylinder.
The fluid joint between the drive unit and the head frame needs to be configured so that it can be easily separated from the need for head replacement, and it is difficult to supply high-pressure oil via such a fluid joint, As in the present invention, it is necessary to supply a low pressure fluid to generate a required hydraulic pressure by the pressure booster.

(Embodiment) Referring to FIG. 1, (1) shows a base, (2) shows a front jig stand for setting a work W, and a jig is provided on the base (1) by a cylinder (3). A drive unit (4) for moving toward and away from the platform (2) is provided, and an annular rail composed of a rear fixed rail (5a) and a front movable rail (5b) so as to surround the drive unit (4). (5) are provided in a pair of upper and lower sides, a plurality of head frames (6) are loaded on the annular rail (5), and any one of these head frames (6) is driven by an upper index device (7). It is selectable on the use position, that is, on the movable rail (5b) that matches the front surface of the unit (4).

The movable rail (5b) is attached to the drive unit (4) via a cylinder (8), and on the back surface of the head frame (6), as shown in FIG. 6, the coupling (9) and the cutting fluid joint. (10) and the positioning pin (11) are arranged so that when the drive unit (4) advances, first, the movable rail (5b) is moved backward relative to the drive unit (4) by the contraction operation of the cylinder (8). Giving it to the coupling (9) of the head frame (6) on the movable rail (5b), the cutting fluid joint (10), the positioning pin (11), and the motor (12) mounted on the drive unit (4). The front output shaft (13) connected in series, the liquid supply port (15) connected to the separately installed cutting liquid supply device (14), and the docking member (16) are connected to each other, and then connected to the drive unit (4). And the movable frame (5b) together with the head frame (6) on the jig base (2 It was to be advancing toward the.

The above is not particularly different from the head exchange type machine tool described in Japanese Patent Publication No. Sho 61-30844, and detailed description thereof will be omitted, and the configuration of the head frame (6) will be described below.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, on the front surface of the head frame (6), there is provided a machining unit (18) that pivotally supports a tool (17) made of a milling cutter on its longitudinal axis (17a).
It is provided so as to be reciprocated by the hydraulic cylinder (19) along the guide rails (20) and (20) between an obliquely downward forward position (position shown by a solid line in FIG. 2) and an upward return position. In the head frame (6), an expandable joint shaft (21) having constant velocity joints (21a) (21a) at both ends as a member for connecting the tool shaft (17a) to the coupling (9) is provided. The housing is housed so that the power from the coupling (9) can be transmitted to the tool (17) without hindering the reciprocating motion of the processing unit (18) due to the tilting and expansion and contraction of the connecting shaft (21).

Further, in the head frame (6), a forward first pressure booster (22 ₁ ) and a backward movement second pressure booster (22 ₂ ) which are pipe-connected to the hydraulic cylinder (19) are arranged, On the other hand, two of the docking members (16) and the positioning pin (1
1) and the second air joint (23 ₁ ) (23 ₂ ) which will be described later in detail, and the drive unit (4)
Compressed air supplied through the joints (23 ₁ ) (23 ₂ ) is guided to the pressure intensifiers (22 ₁ ) (22 ₂ ) and the pressure intensifiers (22
₁₎ (22 ₂₎ is operated and respective intensifier (22 ₁₎ (22 ₂₎ processed by supplying pressurized oil to the hydraulic cylinder (19) from the unit (1
8) was made to reciprocate.

Intensifier respective (22 ₁₎ (22 _2), as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the vessel body consisting large diameter cylinder (22a) and the tip of the small-diameter cylinder (22b), the small-diameter cylinder ( A piston (22d) having a small-diameter plunger (22c) that can be inserted into the large-diameter cylinder (22a) is housed so as to fit inside the large-diameter cylinder (22a). (2
The chamber facing the outer end face of 2d) is a pressurizing chamber (22e) pipe-connected to the air joint, and the chamber between the piston (22d) and the small diameter cylinder (22b) is a back pressure chamber (22f). 1 and 2
The intensifier (22 ₁₎ the small cylinder (22b) of the (22 _2), as shown in Figure 7, the forward pressure chamber of the hydraulic cylinder (19) and (19a) backward pressure chamber and (19b) An oil storage chamber connected to each pipe is used. By supplying compressed air to the pressurization chamber (22e), the oil in the small diameter cylinder (22b) is increased in pressure by the cross-sectional area ratio of the piston (22d) and the plunger (22c) to increase the hydraulic pressure. Cylinder (1
9).

The machining unit (18) uses the tool (17) to move the workpiece W.
To be moved forward while being remove, taking into account the cutting resistance, the sectional area ratio of the intensifier for backward movement of intensifier for forward movement (22 ₁₎ (2
2 It was set larger than that of ₂ ).

Each air joint (23 ₁₎ (23 _2), as shown in FIG. 7, each docking member (16), factory air source drive units connected via a flexible tube (24) (4) in An air supply port (23a) connected to each air pipe of each of the switching valves (25 ₁ ) (25 ₂ ) is opened, and at the same time, each positioning pin (11) fitted to each docking member (16) is opened. It is configured by opening a connection port (23b) that matches the air supply port (23a), and increases the first air joint (23 ₁ ) for forward movement via shuttle valves (26 ₁ ) (26 ₂ ), respectively. forward to cooperate with the dog (18a) attached to the processing unit (18) while connected to the back pressure chamber (22f) of the pressure chamber (22e) and forward intensifier for (22 ₂₎ of the divider (22 ₁₎ Connected to the dynamic limit valve (27 ₁ ),
The second air joint (23 _2), respectively the shuttle valve (2
6 ₃₎ (pressure chamber 26 intensifier for ₄₎ through the backward movement (22 ₂₎ (22
connected to said dog (backward-movement limit valve cooperating with 18a) (27 ₂₎ with connecting to the back pressure chamber of e) and forward intensifier for (22 ₁₎ (22f). An air blow hole is conventionally formed in the docking member (16) to prevent foreign matter from getting into the gap between the docking member (16) and the positioning pin (11). The air blow hole is formed in the air supply port (23a). It is supposed to be used for both.

As shown in FIG. 2, the head frame (6) is engaged with the forward end surface of the pressure unit (18) in the forward movement direction, and the processing unit (18) is engaged.
Is provided with a lock member (28) for locking the lock member in the backward movement position. The lock member (28) is moved from the lock position protruding into the forward movement trajectory of the machining unit (18) to the unlock position outside the trajectory. 7. A docking member (16) which constitutes the first air joint (23 ₁ ) by providing a lock release cylinder (28 b) that retreats against the internal spring (28 a) as shown in the figure
And it constitutes a positioning pin (11) and the said joint (23 ₁₎ and another air supply port (23a) and the connecting port (23b) a third air joint by opening and (23 _3), the sheet The air port (23a) is connected to the air pipe in the drive unit (4) via the third switching valve (25 ₃ ) and the connection port (23b) is unlocked to the cylinder (28b).
Connected to.

In the figure, (25a) (26a) (27a) are the respective valves (25) (26) (2
An exhaust pipe connected to the exhaust port of 7), and (29) is a hydraulic pressure gauge.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described.

The head frame (6) is advanced together with the drive unit (4) toward the jig base (2), and the tool (17) of the processing unit (18) is coupled by the output shaft (13) of the drive unit (4) ( 9) and the connecting shaft (21) to drive the work (W) on the jig table (2) to cut the tool (17) to a predetermined depth, and then the first and third switching valves ( 25 ₁ ) (25 ₃ ) is switched to the air supply side. According to this, the third air joint (23
Compressed air is supplied to the unlocking cylinder (28b) via ₃ ), the locking member (28) retracts to the unlocked position, and the processing unit (18) is unlocked, while the first air joint is released. (23 ₁₎ and shuttle valve (26 ₁₎ and the air compressed in the pressurizing chamber (22e) of the first intensifier (22 ₁₎ through a is supplied, the piston (22 d) of divider bulking (22 ₁₎ its air of the back pressure chamber (22f) moves forward while exhausting through the shuttle valve (26 _4), the forward pressure chamber of the small cylinder (22b) from the hydraulic cylinder (19) of the divider bulking (22 ₁₎ ( 19a) was refueled,
The machining unit (18) is moved forward from the return position, and the workpiece W
Grooving is applied to. At this time, the oil in the return pressure chamber (19b) of the hydraulic cylinder (19) is pushed back to the small cylinder (22b) of the second pressure booster (22 ₂ ), and the piston (22 d) of the pressure booster (22 ₂ ). Retreat while exhausting the air in the pressurizing chamber (22e) through the shuttle valve (26 ₃ ), and accordingly, the shuttle valve (26 f) is added to the back pressure chamber (22 f) of the booster (22 ₂ ). Air from the first air joint (23 ₁ ) flows in via ₂ ).

When the processing unit (18) reaches the forward movement position, the forward movement limit valve (27 ₁ ) is opened, and the air from the first air joint (23 ₁ ) is exhausted through the valve (27 ₁ ) to perform the processing. The forward movement of the unit (18) is stopped.

Next, the first switching valve (25 ₁ ) is connected to the exhaust side, and the second switching valve (2 ₁ )
5 ₂ ) is switched to the air supply side. According to this, it is connected to the pressurizing chamber (22e) of the _second pressure booster (22 ₂ ) via the second air joint (23 ₂ ) and the shuttle valve (26 ₃ ). compressed air is supplied, advanced while exhausting through the piston divider bulking (22 ₂₎ (22d) shuttle valve air of the back pressure chamber (22f) (26 _2),
Oil is supplied from the small cylinder (22b) of the booster (22 ₂ ) to the return pressure chamber (19b) of the hydraulic cylinder (19), and the machining unit (18) is moved back from the forward movement position. The oil in the forward pressure chamber (19a) of (19) becomes the first pressure booster (2
2 ₁ ) is pushed back to the small cylinder (22b) and the booster (2
2 ₁ ) piston (22d) withdraws air from the pressurizing chamber (22e) through the shuttle valve (26 ₁ ) and recedes, and with this, the back pressure chamber (22 ₁ ) of the booster (22 ₁ ) 22f) Shuttle valve (2
Air from the second air joint (23 ₂ ) flows in via 6 ₄ ).

When the processing unit (18) reaches the return position, the return limit valve (27 ₂ ) opens, and the air from the second air joint (23 ₂ ) is exhausted through the valve (27 ₂ ) and the processing is performed. The return movement of the unit (18) is stopped.

Next, the exhaust from the unlocking cylinder (28b) is switched third switching valve (25 ₃₎ on the exhaust side, the locking member (2
The processing unit (18) is locked in the return position by causing the spring (28a) to project to the lock position by the spring (28a), and then the second switching valve (25 ₃ ) is switched to the exhaust side to bring it to the state shown in the seventh illustration. In this state, the head frame (6) is retracted from the jig base (2) together with the drive unit (4) to complete one processing.

When replacing the head, the head frame (6) is separated from the drive unit (4), and the air joints (23 ₁ ) (23 ₂ )
Although the connection of (23 ₃ ) is also cut off, the processing unit (18) is locked in the return position by the lock member (28), so the hydraulic cylinder (19) and each booster (22 ₁ ) (22 ₂ ) Is maintained in the state shown in FIG.

Incidentally, in case of any leakage of oil in the intensifier (22 ₁₎ (22 _2), each intensifier (22 ₁₎ (22 ₂₎ of that can replenish the oil in the small cylinder (22b), the head frame A small capacity oil supply tank may be mounted in (6).

Further, the above embodiment is using an air as a low pressure fluid for operating the intensifier each increase (22 ₁₎ (22 _2), it is also possible to use a cutting fluid, in this case the shuttle valve (26 ₁₎ … (2
A drain pipe is connected to 6 ₄ ) instead of the exhaust pipe (26a), and the cutting fluids from these drain pipes are merged and guided to a processing location.

(Effect of the Invention) As is apparent from the above description, according to the invention of claim 1, the head frame is provided with the pressure booster that operates with the low-pressure fluid from the drive unit, and the pressure oil from the pressure booster is used. It operates the hydraulic cylinder to reciprocate the processing unit.
It is not necessary to mount a heavy-duty hydraulic pump or a large-capacity oil tank on the head frame, which makes it possible to reduce the weight of the head frame. Further, according to the invention of claim 2, the low-pressure fluid can be supplied to the booster. Even if it is broken, the processing unit can be locked in the backward movement position, and when the head frame is replaced with another one, the processing unit can be prevented from freely moving.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway side view of an example of a head exchange type machine tool equipped with the head device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view of a head frame of the head device of the present invention, and FIGS. 2 is a sectional view taken along line III-III to VV in FIG. 2, FIG. 6 is a perspective view seen from the back of the head frame, and FIG. 7 is a drawing showing an operating circuit of the hydraulic cylinder and the booster. (1) …… Base, (2) …… Jig stand (4) …… Drive unit, (6) …… Head frame (9) …… Coupling, (13) …… Output shaft (17)… … Tool, (18) …… Processing unit (19) …… Hydraulic cylinder (21) …… Connecting shaft (connecting member) (22 ₁ ) (22 ₂ ) …… Booster (23 ₁ ) (23 ₂ ) (23 ₃ ) …… Air joint (28) …… Lock member, (28a) …… Spring (28b) …… Unlock cylinder

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A drive unit, which is movable forward and backward toward a jig base in front, is provided on a base, and a head frame selected at a use position corresponding to a front surface of the drive unit is moved forward and backward together with the drive unit. In a head device applied to a head-replaceable machine tool, a head unit is provided with a processing unit equipped with a tool for processing a work on a jig base so as to reciprocate in a predetermined direction. The frame is provided with a rear coupling that is coupled to the output shaft on the front of the drive unit, and a coupling member that couples the coupling and the tool so as to allow movement of the machining unit, A head-replaceable machine tool provided with an amplifier which is operated by a low-pressure fluid supplied from a unit through a fluid joint and supplies pressure oil to the hydraulic cylinder. Head device of use. 2. The head frame is provided with a lock member for locking the machining unit in the backward movement position, and the lock member comprises:
2. The head device for a head exchange type machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the lock releasing cylinder operated by the low-pressure fluid is adapted to be switched from a locked position to an unlocked position against a spring. 3. The head device for a replaceable head machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the low-pressure fluid is compressed air. 4. The head device for a head exchange type machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the low-pressure fluid is a cutting fluid.