JPH0753982B2 - Vegetation substrate for greening - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a greening vegetation substrate used in a greening method such as a slope.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Vegetative seeds and
One or more types of fertilizers such as super slow-acting or slow-acting, water-retaining materials such as vermiculite and perlite, and soil improving materials such as calcium carbonate and slaked lime (collectively referred to as vegetation base materials) are stored in vegetation base material bags. , Vegetation base material consisting of the vegetation base material bag is attached to the mesh body at predetermined intervals on the slope, and vegetation material mainly composed of vegetation seeds, fertilizers and organic materials is sprayed from above The construction method is widely known. According to such a construction method, compared to the so-called fiber seed spraying method that mainly uses vegetation seeds and fibrous materials, the growth and growth of vegetation is possible for a long period of time and the collapse of spraying material is effectively prevented. It

[0003]

The reticulated vegetation substrate used for this method is generally made of a synthetic resin such as polyethylene, but these are different from plant or animal materials for many years. It is not exposed to the wind and rain to weather or corrode and become homogenized with the vegetation base material and soil, and remains semi-permanently on the slope to cause pollution problems and the growth of growing vegetation organisms. There was a problem that it deteriorated the sex and rootability.

In order to avoid such inconvenience, for example, it has a vegetable material such as jute, a so-called corrosive viscose rayon (regenerated cellulose) which corrodes completely even after a long period of time, or a corrosive property. Attempts have also been made to make vegetation base nets using biodegradable plastics, but these materials are characteristically corroded approximately two months after being laid on the slope. The vegetation seeds germinate from the seeds in the vegetation base material bag or the vegetation material sprayed on the slopes, and the period of 2 months is too short for the seedlings to grow and flourish sufficiently. The loss of strength is fatal in terms of preventing runoff of vegetation base material due to rainfall or frost heaving, and therefore it is rarely carried out.

As is clear from this, from the aspect of protection of slopes and growth of plants, the tensile strength of the vegetation substrate installed on the slope as a raw material of the reticulated body constituting the vegetation substrate is at least half a year, Ideally, it should be maintained for about one year with a margin, and from the viewpoint of pollution prevention, it is ideal to have conditions that eventually corrode and homogenize in the soil after the plant has grown to a certain extent and grown. Can be said to be It is an object of the present invention to provide a vegetation base for greening, which is composed of a mesh body having the above ideal conditions.

[0006]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve such an object, in the first invention, a mesh body for mounting a vegetation base material bag is formed by using a mixed fiber composed of a corrosive fiber and a synthetic fiber. It is characterized by being woven. The second aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the reticulate body for mounting the vegetation base material bag is knitted and woven by the mixed fiber rayon in which at least one of the high molecular emulsion and the water-soluble polymer is internally added to the viscose solution.

[0007]

In other words, according to the reticulated body of the blended fiber selected in the first invention, the corrosive fiber decomposes and corrodes in a short period of time, and the synthetic fiber becomes brittle with time and the tensile strength decreases. Since the decrease in the tensile strength of the fiber is very slow, it is possible to make the mesh body retain a considerable tensile strength for a long period of time. That is, by woven or knitting a mesh body using a mixed fiber in which a corrosive fiber and a synthetic fiber are mixed in a predetermined ratio, for example, a corrosive fiber 60 to 80% and a synthetic fiber 40 to 20%, During the period until the plant grows and grows to a certain degree (about half a year to one year after the vegetation substrate is installed on the slope), the reticulate body can retain the necessary strength. When the plant life grows to a certain extent and grows, the corrosive fibers will be decomposed and corroded by microorganisms, and although some synthetic fibers remain, most of the reticulate body becomes homogenous with the soil. Therefore, it does not lead to a serious pollution problem and can contribute to the improvement of the environment.

According to the reticulated body of the mixed fiber rayon selected in the second invention, although the viscose rayon itself is decomposed and corroded by the microorganisms and the strength thereof is decreased with time, the emulsion and the polymer are contained in the viscose solution stage. By adding it, the tensile strength of the mixed fiber rayon itself is improved. On the other hand, the viscose solution originally contains a large amount of hydroxyl groups, but by adding an emulsion or a polymer to this viscose solution, the total amount of hydroxyl groups in the mixed fiber rayon decreases, and as a result, the water absorption of the reticulate body is absorbed. As a result, the decomposition and corrosion of the mixed fiber rayon by microorganisms is suppressed. In addition to this, by increasing the tensile strength of the mixed fiber rayon, it is possible to make the reticulate body retain the necessary strength for a period of about half a year to one year after installation on the slope. The emulsion or polymer internally added to the mixed fiber rayon is not easily corroded by microorganisms, but this emulsion or polymer is decomposed by the corrosion of rayon and homogenized with the soil, so that the reticulate body is semi-permanent. It does not lead to pollution problems such as remaining on the slope, and can contribute to improving the environment.

[0009]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an example of a vegetation base 1 for greening. In the figure, 2 is a mesh body having vertical and horizontal meshes of, for example, 20 × 15 mm, 3 is a vegetation base material 4 such as vegetation seeds, fertilizers, water retention materials, soil improvement materials, etc. A vegetation base material bag containing at least one of the above, and bag attachment portions 5 for attaching the vegetation base material bag 3 to the mesh body 2 are provided at predetermined intervals in the warp direction of the mesh body 2. . Reference numeral 6 is a reinforcing rope (only one in the width direction is shown) provided on both widthwise side portions and the width center portion of the mesh body 1.

The reticulate body 2 is knitted and woven using a mixed spun fiber composed of corrosive fibers and synthetic fibers, and the reinforcing rope 6 is also made of the mixed spun fiber. And
For example, the two weft yarns in a portion corresponding to, for example, every 15th and 5th mesh in the weft direction of the mesh body 2 and every 3rd mesh every 25th in the warp direction are divided, The bag mounting portion 5 is composed of mesh portions in the weft direction in which individual meshes are connected, and the thickness of the vegetation base material bag 3 is set so that the bag mounting portion 5 can be easily inserted, The vegetation base material bag 3
The vegetation base body 1 for greening is configured by inserting the bag into the bag mounting portion 5 in a zigzag shape.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2, the vegetation base material bag 3 is obtained by laminating a sheet 7 and a net 7 having a mesh size of 3 to 5 mm, which are soluble to each other. In order to achieve good germination, the soluble net 7 is made of, for example, sufu, and the soluble sheet 8 is made of, for example, pulp or suf or a relatively thin non-woven fabric made by mixing these, and the net 7 is placed outside. The bag body 9
In this bag body 9, a vegetation base material (eg, grass seeds, flower plant seeds, wildflower seeds, tree seeds, etc.) that is suitable for the condition of the slope to be revegetated, and ultra-slow-acting or loose-acting plants are prepared. It contains one or more fertilizers such as potency, water retention material, soil improvement material, etc.) 4. The grass seeds contained in the vegetation base bag 3 are selected from the group such as Gleeping Red Fescue and Highland Bentgrass, and the flower plant seeds are selected from yellow daisies, French chrysanthemums, Dairyoku chrysanthemums, etc. the, mugwort, silver grass, Medohagi like is selected, the tree seeds, pine, Alnus firma, weasel strip or the like is selected.

Next, an explanation will be given of one procedure of the slope greening method. As shown in FIG. 2, the vegetation substrate 1 in which the vegetation base material bag 3 is attached to the bag attachment portion 5 of the mesh 2 is fixed to the anchor 10. While stretched on the slope 12 using a peg or peg 11, etc., a dry vegetation material obtained by mixing vegetation seeds with organic materials, chemical fertilizers, soil conditioners, water retention agents, etc., or with water The agitated gel-like vegetation material 13 is covered with the vegetation substrate 1 by an appropriate spraying machine to have an appropriate thickness (for example, 2 to 5).
It is sprayed so that it becomes cm). As seeds used for this spraying, for example, seeds of flowers or wildflowers housed in the vegetation base material bag 3 and seeds of trees are arbitrarily selected.

According to the above construction method, since the reticulate body 2 is made of mixed fiber and is highly flexible, the vegetation substrate 1 can be easily stretched along the slope 12 and the vegetation can be achieved. Base 1
When the vegetation base material 4 is laid on the slope 12, the vegetation base material 4 is covered with the soluble bag body 9, so that the vegetation base material 4 is effectively prevented from flowing out. Then, as a constituent material of the mesh body 2 and the rope 5, the strength is sufficiently maintained for about half a year to one and a half years, and thereafter, the strength decreases with the lapse of time, and eventually the corrosion corrodes and becomes homogenized with the soil. Since a mixed fiber consisting of synthetic fiber and synthetic fiber is selected, the reticulate body 2 and the rope 5 maintain sufficient strength and are sprayed on the slope 12 until the plant germinates and grows. The vegetation material 13 is effectively prevented from running away.

During this time, the soluble bag body 9 is dissolved and dispersed by rain or the like, so that the vegetation seeds contained in the bag body 9 are easily germinated and sprayed on the slope 12. Vegetative seeds in the vegetation material 13 also germinate, and the germinating seedlings grow and grow by receiving the fertilizer and water contained in the vegetation base material 4 and the vegetation material 13. Then, after the plant has grown and grown to some extent, gradually, the corrosive fibers in the mixed fiber constituting the reticulate body 2 and the rope 5 are decomposed and corroded, and finally become homogenized with the soil, so that the growth of the plant life is improved. And the rooting property is improved and even if most of the reticulate body 2 and the rope 5 (corrosive fibers) corrode over time, the vegetation substrate 4 can be grown by the time the plant has grown. This prevents the vegetation material 13 from running away, and protects the slope 12 from greening without causing secondary pollution as in the case where the material of the mesh body 2 is a synthetic resin fiber that does not semi-permanently deteriorate. It will be maintained permanently. At this time, since the grasses contained in the vegetation base material bag 3 grow quickly,
12 is protected by the grass in a streak shape, and then the flower seeds and tree seeds sprayed on the slope 12 germinate.However, since these are separated from the grass, they grow without being pressed by the grass, and the entire slope 12 Is greened in a well-balanced manner.

As the corrosive fibers used in the above-mentioned mixed-spun fibers, natural fibers such as cotton, silk and hemp which are decomposed and corroded by microorganisms over time, and biodegradable chemical fibers such as viscose rayon are selected. As a synthetic fiber, a predetermined tensile strength can be secured semipermanently without being decomposed by microorganisms, for example, vinylon type such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyester type such as polyester, polyamide type such as nylon, and poly type such as acrylic. Synthetic fibers such as acrylonitrile can be selected. The composition of the mixed fiber is preferably a mixture of corrosive fiber 60 to 80% and synthetic fiber 40 to 20%.

Next, viscose rayon was used as the corrosive fiber, and polyester was used as the synthetic fiber.
When the tensile strength of the blended fiber blended at a ratio of 0% and viscose rayon alone as a comparative example was tested, the results shown in Table 1 were obtained.
The tensile test of both of them was started in July because the activity of microorganisms was high and the strength decrease was most likely to occur due to the decomposition and corrosion of the fiber.

[0017]

[Table 1]

As is clear from Table 1, the viscose rayon used as a comparative example had a tensile strength of 0 after about 2 months, whereas in the mixed-spun fiber, the tensile strength was gradually increased by microorganisms from the time of installation. Although the strength decreases due to decomposition and corrosion, the tensile strength after one and a half years has been found to be as high as 1.2 kg, and the mixed-spun fiber strands 1 constituting the mesh body 1
If the tensile strength per book is 0.5 Kg or more, vegetation material sprayed on the slope can be prevented from freezing and collapse,
It is understood that the protection of the slope is sufficiently achieved when the tensile strength is as high as 1.2 kg.

In the above embodiment, the vegetation base material bag 3 contains the vegetation base material 4 containing vegetation seeds. However, one or more kinds of vegetation seeds-free fertilizers, soil conditioners, water retention materials and the like are used. In the case of containing, as the soluble sheet 8, for example, when pulp or rayon or a relatively thick non-woven fabric obtained by mixing these is selected, the fertilizer slowly exudes and the fertilizing effect is maintained for a long time, or the soil is soiled. It is preferable because runoff of the improving material and the water retaining material can be effectively prevented. In addition, the vegetation base material bag 3 not containing the vegetation seeds and the bag containing only the vegetation seeds are prepared, and these are appropriately dispersed and attached to the bag attachment portion 5 of the mesh body 2, or As shown in FIG. 3, for example, mesh portions in the weft direction in which three meshes are connected are provided side by side in the warp direction to form two bag attachment portions 5, and the two bag attachment portions 5 are formed.
In addition, it is possible to arbitrarily select a form in which the vegetation base material bag 3 containing no vegetation seeds and the bag 14 containing only the vegetation seeds are attached.

Further, the vegetation base material bag 3 contains vegetation seeds, fertilizers, water-retaining materials, etc., which are further treated with sewage sludge or the like to form a powder, for example, PIM CZAI (trade name). : Jomo Ryokusan Kogyo Co., Ltd.) is added as an extender, or since the above-mentioned PM C-Zai has fertility and water-retaining property, only the said P C-Zai itself is accommodated in the bag body 9 and vegetated. The base material bag 3 can also be configured. Further, it is also possible to take the form in which the above-mentioned PMCai is contained in the vegetation seed bag 14 or is mixed with the vegetation base material 13 and sprayed on the slope 12.

By the way, a mixed fiber is selected as a constituent material of the net-like body 2 of the vegetation base 1 for greening and the rope 5.
The net 2 is knitted and woven by the mixed fiber rayon in which at least one of the high molecular emulsion and the water-soluble polymer is internally added to the viscose solution, and the rope 5 is prepared. The greening protection of is suitably achieved.

That is, although the viscose rayon itself is decomposed and corroded by microorganisms and its strength decreases with time,
By internally adding an emulsion or a polymer at the stage of the viscose solution, the tensile strength of the mixed fiber rayon is increased, and the viscose solution originally contains a large amount of hydroxyl groups. By internally adding the polymer, the total amount of hydroxyl groups in the mixed fiber rayon decreases, and therefore, the water absorption to the mesh body 2 when knitted by this mixed fiber rayon decreases. The decomposition corrosion can be suppressed, and the suppression of the decomposition corrosion and the increase in the tensile strength of the mixed fiber rayon by the addition of the emulsion or the polymer synergize with each other.
It is possible to maintain the required strength. On the other hand, the polymers and emulsions are not easily corroded by microorganisms, but the polymers and emulsions are decomposed by the corrosion of rayon and become homogenized with the soil, so that the reticulate body 2 does not remain semipermanently on the slope. The reticulated body 2 knitted and woven with this mixed fiber rayon can also be suitably used for greening the slope.

As the mixed fiber rayon, a viscose solution composed of regenerated cellulose that is decomposed and corroded by microorganisms is added to a polymer emulsion (for example, vinyl acetate resin, which is not decomposed and corroded by microorganisms and compensates for the strength decrease due to decomposition and corrosion of rayon. Acrylic resin, ethylene vinyl acetate resin, etc.) or water-soluble polymer (eg, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic amide, etc.) internally added at the stage of viscose solution, or both emulsion and polymer The one internally added is used. The composition of the mixed fiber rayon is preferably a viscose solution in which a high molecular emulsion or a water-soluble polymer is internally added at a rate of 2 to 15%.

Next, a mixed denier of 1000 denier in which 5% of a vinyl acetate resin emulsion was internally added to viscose rayon as a polymer emulsion, and 1000 denier of viscose rayon as a comparative example were used alone. When the tensile strength was tested, the results shown in Table 2 were obtained. Incidentally, the tensile test for both was started in July, as in the case described above, because the activity of microorganisms was high and the decrease in strength due to the decomposition and corrosion of the fiber was most likely to occur.

[0025]

[Table 2]

As is clear from Table 2, the viscose rayon used as a comparative example had a tensile strength of 0 after about 2 months, whereas in the mixed fiber rayon,
Although the strength gradually decreases due to decomposition and corrosion by microorganisms after installation on the slope, the tensile strength after one year is 0.6K
Since there is also g, it can be easily understood that the greening protection of the slope is also suitably achieved by the net-like body knitted and woven with this mixed fiber rayon.

In the embodiment, the bag mounting portion 5 is formed by connecting three meshes of the single mesh body 2, but the mesh body 2 may have a double structure or the mesh structure of the mesh body 2. It is possible to adopt a mounting means for inserting the vegetation base material bag 3 into the mesh itself in a zigzag shape without making any work, that is, as shown in FIG. 4, for example, as shown in FIG. Net 2a
And the mesh is 25 × 25 with the mesh of it slanted.
The back nets 2b of thin threads of about mm are overlapped, and the two nets of the front nets 2a, for example, are used as the bag mounting portions 5 to mount the vegetation base material bag 3, or wire or tape, etc. It is possible to attach the vegetation base material bag 3 to the mesh body 2 by using, and further, for example, weave the double structure mesh body at appropriate intervals, for example, to attach the bag between the nets on the front and back sides. A form such as forming a portion can be implemented. Further, in the above-described greening method, the vegetation base material bag 3 is preliminarily attached to the bag attachment portion 5 of the mesh body 2. However, only the mesh body 2 is stretched on the slope 12 to form the mesh body 2 Alternatively, the vegetation base material bag 3 may be attached by means of insertion or bundling.

[0028]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the blended fiber composed of the corrosive fiber and the synthetic fiber is selected as the constituent material of the reticulated body. During this period, the reticulate body will be able to maintain the necessary strength, and the prevention of vegetation material runoff due to rainfall and frost heaving and the protection of green slopes will be effectively achieved. Then, when the plant life grew and proliferated to a certain extent, synthetic fibers remained in a part, but most of the reticulate body was decomposed and corroded and became homogenized with the soil, which did not lead to a major pollution problem, It can contribute to the improvement of the environment.

In the second invention, the mixed fiber rayon in which at least one of the high molecular emulsion and the water-soluble polymer is internally added to the viscose solution is selected as the constituent material of the reticulate body. The reticulate body can retain the necessary strength for a certain period of time until the plant life grows and grows to a certain extent, and eventually almost all of the reticulate body decomposes and corrodes and becomes homogenized with the soil, which is a pollution problem. It is possible to contribute to the improvement of the environment and to maintain the tensile strength as a whole for the period necessary for the protection of slopes and the growth of vegetation. Thus, it is possible to provide a vegetation substrate for revegetation using a net-like body under ideal conditions in which a part is homogenized with the soil.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a vegetation base for greening in which an essential part is taken out and enlarged.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a slope greening method.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a vegetation substrate for greening according to another embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a vegetation base for greening of another embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 ... reticulate body, 3 ... vegetation base material bag.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A greening vegetation substrate comprising a vegetation base material bag containing one or more of vegetation seeds, fertilizers, water retention materials, and soil conditioners, which are attached to a reticulated body at predetermined intervals. A vegetation substrate for greening, which is obtained by weaving a mixed fiber of corrosive fiber and synthetic fiber. 2. A vegetation base material for greening, comprising a vegetation base material bag containing one or more of vegetation seeds, fertilizers, water retention materials, and soil conditioners, which are attached to a mesh body at predetermined intervals. A vegetation substrate for greening, which is obtained by weaving with a mixed fiber rayon in which at least one of a high molecular emulsion and a water-soluble polymer is internally added to a viscose solution.