JPH0750407B2 - Numerical control system - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial application] The present invention mainly relates to a novel numerical control system for machine tools.

[Conventional technology]

The automation of machining by machine tools began with the numerical control of the machine itself (hereinafter referred to as NC), and nowadays computer-aided design and production systems that automatically create drawings and machining data of parts to be machined by the machine ( Below, CAD / CA
M) has been developed, and an automatic programming system that automatically creates the control data of the above machine (hereinafter referred to as an automatic pro system), and a system that prototypes processed parts by computer internal processing with the aid of a computer , CAE) and other systems related to so-called factory automation (hereinafter referred to as FA) have been developed.

Incidentally, as an example of the numerical control system, there is a patent application previously filed by the applicant of the present application (Japanese Patent Application No. 50-98525 <Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-14442>).

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

However, the above CAD / CAM and CAE systems are currently constructed separately from the machine tool and do not directly control the actual operation of the machine tool, that is, the machine tool is dynamic, and Not combined online.

For example, CAD / CAM determines the shape, dimensions, clamping method, tool, processing sequence, etc. of the processed part, and CAE performs a trial production of the selected material, and evaluates its strength, balance, and appearance. Determine the machining data etc. of the relevant part, create NC data to be input to the NC device on the machine side based on this machining data etc., and use this NC data to start the actual machining of the above parts by the machine. Since it is common to use CAD / CAM or CAE systems, there is an advantage that the conventional manual design, drafting, or prototyping can be greatly saved. It is not directly connected to the control of the machine that actually processes the parts.

However, even if the actual machine is the same model that processes the same model, its database dynamically changes from moment to moment due to, for example, changes over time, cutting conditions, and workpiece weight, displacement such as cutting load, and the like. From the above, NC data is created based on the data obtained by analysis by CAE in advance, and even if the same part is machined by inputting this NC data into the NC device and actually operating the machine, CAD / CAM However, there is a problem in that it is not always possible to process a part as designed by the above.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

In view of the present state of use of a system such as CAD / CAM or CA as described above, the present invention adds necessary new data to the various data obtained by these, or adds the above various data. It is intended to provide a method of substituting other necessary data and supplying these new data to the controlled machine side to correct and control the operation of the machine, the main configuration of which is , CAD / CAM, or CAE / CAD /
CAM, or so-called CIM (Computer Integrated Manufacturing) for machining data related to the machining target, which is necessary for the control to control the tool or the spindle on the machine side that processes this machining target. Numerical control data is formed by including control data including the moving distance of the controlled object and the moving speed including start, deceleration, and stop on the basis of an arbitrary clock signal to form the numerical control data. The operating data including speed during movement including stop is detected based on an arbitrary clock signal, and the above CAD / CAM or CAE / CA
It is characterized in that the numerical control data and the operation data are arithmetically processed by a D / CAM, a so-called CIM, or a separately provided arithmetic unit to control the controlled object.

[Work]

CAD / CAM, or CAE / CAD / CAM, or CIM (hereinafter CAD / CAM
Etc.) is added to the machining data of the machining target formed by () etc.) and the control data peculiar to the control target formed based on any clock signal with respect to the position or speed of the control target such as a blade is added. Create signal-based numerical control (NC) data.

The machine side detects the operation data of the position or speed of the controlled object based on an arbitrary clock signal on the processed object which is being machined into a shape conforming to the NC data.

The detected operation data is CAD / CAM, etc., or N on the machine side.
In the C section or a separate processing operation section, the operation data created by CAD / CAM etc. is compared with the NC data created by adding the control data, and the operation is compared and the current shape of the processing object and the position and speed of the control object are checked. If necessary, these corrections are made.

〔Example〕

 Next, an embodiment of the system of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

Reference numeral 1 denotes an object to be controlled in a machine tool controlled by the system of the present invention. Here, for convenience of explanation, the object 1 is to be slid on a slide base 4 by a feed screw 2 rotated by a servo motor 3 from side to side. The servo motor 3 is controlled by a control signal of the NC device 5. Reference numeral 3a is a servo control unit inserted between the NC device 5 and the motor 3.

In a conventional NC device, a machining target (not shown in the figure) is cut from a material (including a pre-machined one) into a predetermined shape, so the machine control target 1 is cut at each axis of its sliding axis. Positioning and machining are generally performed while performing feeding and fast-forwarding. Therefore, the feed rate and positioning of the controlled object 1 depend on the performance of the machine, the material of the processed object,
In consideration of the type of cutting tool to be used, etc., in advance according to the planned shape of the machining target, for example, created as NC data for controlling the movement of the cutting tool in each axis, and input this to the NC device Is taken.

An automatic professional system has been developed for the creation of NC data.This automatic professional system uses the automatic process of the NC device to obtain information such as graphic information and tool movement information of the machining target formed by the CAD / CAM system. There is a problem that it cannot be easily imported into the system.

Therefore, conventionally, NC data is created separately based on the CAD / CAM system or based on the figure information and tool motion information that is created by a person making a decision on the creation process.
In most cases, the input is made to the NC device.

Therefore, in the present invention, NC data for controlling a controlled object, which will be described in detail later, is coupled to graphic information formed by a CAD / CAM system, tool motion information, or machining data such as CAE analysis data. New data of the selected shape is formed, and new NC data is formed.

In order to form the new NC data as described above, the present invention is provided with the detection unit 6 having the following configuration for the controlled object 1.

Thus, 61 is a distance pulse generator that supplies 100 pulse signals per 1 mm of moving distance of the controlled object 1, and 62 is a clock pulse generator that generates 100 pulses per unit time 0.1 second, for example. The pulses from both pulse generators 61, 62 are processed in the detector 6 and formed into actuation data representing the current position of the object 1 and its speed there. Here, the speed is detected in an arbitrary unit time, for example, in a unit of 1 to 2 μsec, and the current speed is detected for each unit time. Therefore,
The current position (for example, the distance from the origin) can also be formed by accumulating the traveling time at the current speed.

Therefore, the operating state (the position and the speed at that position) of the controlled object 1 is detected by the detection unit 6 every moment,
The detection unit 6 operates as a speed counter based on a clock signal or as an acceleration counter that processes and forms the speed, and acts as a speed or acceleration sensor for the operation of the controlled object 1. According to the present invention, a system such as CAD / CAM and an NC device are connected by using a signal formed in the detection unit 6 or a signal of the same type separately formed as the database as a database.

Then, 7 is CAD / CAM, and 8 is CAE, which is connected to the NC device 5 via the interface 9, while in this embodiment, the velocity data VD and the position data PD formed in the detection unit 6 are It is supplied.

In addition to the figure data, tool motion data, machining object and machine analysis data, etc. formed by the conventional functions by CAD / CAM7 and CAE8 described above, the position and speed of the control object 1 according to each of these data. The control data relating to is formed based on an arbitrary clock signal and can be supplied to the NC device 5.

For example, CAD / CAM7 is provided with a function of adding speed control data of the blade to position control data of the blade based on the graphic data. Therefore, in this CAD / CAM7,
It is possible to form speed control data including acceleration, deceleration, and stop in the position control data of the controlled object 1. The speed control data formed here is of the same kind as the speed operation data based on the clock signal formed in the detection unit 6.

The CAD / CAM has a function of processing speed control data and converting it into position control data.

Explaining the control data of the present invention in detail, when the machining shape of the part is determined, the movement distance of each axis of the blade can be known. Therefore, in addition to the shape and distance, the feed amount and speed for fast-forwarding, cutting, etc. of the blade are determined by the material of the parts, the number of rotations of the spindle, the type of blade, etc. The amount of movement of the controlled object, the speed at that time, or the processing time can be determined. Therefore, from this movement amount or speed, it is possible to set or change control data that takes into account the processing conditions of the movement amount and speed in this process with a numerical value (distance or speed) based on an arbitrary clock signal. It will be possible.

Therefore, according to the system of the present invention, since the control data of the position and speed of the controlled object 1 is formed in the CAD / CAM 7 etc., this control data is added to the processed data concerning the processed object formed by the CAD / CAM 7 etc. Forming NC data, this CAD / CA
When the machine is actually operated on M7, etc., the operation data of the position and speed of the controlled object 1 detected by the detection unit 6 is fed back, and the NC data and the operation data are processed here.
If the NC data supplied from the CAD / CAM 7 or the like to the NC device 5 is corrected, it can be controlled by the closed loop control system.

Here, it is arbitrary whether the operation data regarding the position and speed of the controlled object 1 formed in the detection unit 6 is fed back to the CAD / CAM unit 7 online or fed back as sampling data.

In addition, CAD / CAM7, or NC data formed by adding position / speed control data based on an arbitrary clock signal to the machining data for the controlled object 1 formed and stored in another place, The same position / velocity operation data that is detected and fed back to the detection unit 6 means CAD / CAM7.
It may be processed by comparison calculation in other parts.

Although the above description relates to one axis of the controlled object 1, the present invention is not limited to CA even when performing interpolation control of a plurality of axes.
Interpolation calculation processing can be performed in D / CAM7 or the like.

That is, in the present invention, the position / speed control and operation data processed by the CAD / CAM 7 and the like are based on the clock signal, so that the clock signal is synchronized between the axes to perform CAD / CAM. NC device 5 that forms interpolation control data with CAM7 etc.
If it is supplied to the above, the interpolation calculation processing in the NC device 5 becomes unnecessary.

Further, since the present invention is based on a synchronized clock signal, various program control functions based on this clock signal, for example, a handling robot to be machined, a control command to another NC machine linked, Alternatively, it becomes possible to form and supply the servo gain control signal to CAD / CAM 7 or CAE 8.

It should be noted that in the above embodiment, the comparison calculation unit for the position / speed data formed in the CAD / CAM 7 or CAE 8 and the detection data concerning the position / speed fed back from the detection unit 6 is set to CA.
Although it is carried by the D / CAM 7, such processing and arithmetic functions may be separately provided inside the NC device 5 or in a portion other than these 7, 8 or 5.

〔The invention's effect〕

The present invention is as described above, and an CAD / CAM 7 or the like is connected online with a machine side directly driven by various data based on an arbitrary clock signal formed in the CAD / CAM 7, etc. The detected data of the position and speed of the controlled object based on the clock signal is fed back to the CAD / CAM, etc., and compared with the NC data to perform a calculation operation
Since the correction control is performed by a closed loop that corrects this NC data, even if the database changes due to factors such as secular change, cutting condition change, workpiece weight, cutting load displacement, etc. You can respond to it immediately.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of the system of the present invention. 1 ... Controlled object, 3 ... Servo motor, 5 ... NC device,
6 ... Detection unit, 7 ... CAD / CAM, 8 ... CAE

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A machine side for machining a machining object based on machining data formed by CAD / CAM, CAE / CAD / CAM, or so-called CIM (Computer Integrated Manufacturing). Numerical control data is formed by including the control data including the moving distance of the controlled object and the moving speed including start, deceleration, and stop, which are necessary for the control of the blade, spindle, etc. On the other hand, the operation data including the moving distance and the moving speed including start and stop from the controlled object of the machine is detected based on an arbitrary clock signal, and the CAD / CAM or CAE / CAD / A CAM, a so-called CIM, or a separately provided arithmetic unit that arithmetically processes the numerical control data and operation data to control the controlled object. Your system. 2. The numerical control system according to claim 1, wherein a detection signal based on an arbitrary clock signal detected on the machine side is looped online to CAD / CAM or the like. 3. A detection signal based on an arbitrary clock signal detected on the machine side is CA as sampling data.
Claims 1 or 2 to be supplied to the D / CAM side
Numerical control system described in paragraph. 4. A numerical control system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a machine for interpolating and controlling a plurality of axes controls clock signals of the related axes in synchronization with each other. 5. The numerical control system according to claim 4, wherein a program control signal, a servo gain control signal, and a command signal for other numerical control data are added to a base clock signal synchronized with respect to a plurality of axes. .