JPH0747965B2 - Metal fastener and its driving tool - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to improvements in metal fasteners and a driving tool therefor.

[Conventional technology]

Metal fasteners can be roughly classified into those belonging to the category of screws and those belonging to the category of nails. A screw belonging to the category of screws has a screw thread on its shaft portion and is screwed into an object to be fixed while being rotated.A screw belonging to the category of nails has a screw thread substantially on its shaft portion. It is not provided and is driven straight into the object to be fixed without being rotated. Further, today, as an intermediate existence between the two, a screw thread is provided on its shaft portion, but it is driven straight into the object to be fixed without being rotated (hereinafter referred to as a driving screw). There is.

This driving screw has an advantage that the driving time can be shortened by performing the linear driving work without rotation and the fastener is prevented from being loosened due to the existence of the screw thread. However, since a straight driving operation that does not involve rotation is performed, a good screw (female screw) is not formed on the object to be fixed, and the tightening force thereof is weaker than that of a normal screw.

On the other hand, fastener fixing tools can also be roughly classified into those belonging to the category of tightening drivers and those belonging to the category of hammer hammers, corresponding to the above classification. The ones that belong to the category of tightening drivers are those that are screwed into the object to be fixed while the fasteners are being rotated by a rotary drive source such as an electric motor.The ones that belong to the category of a hammer hammer are linear reciprocating drive sources such as air cylinders With this, the fastener is linearly driven into the fixed object without rotating. The driving screw is driven by using a driving screw belonging to the category of a driving hammer.

More specifically, the background art described above will be described by taking construction work as an example. In the construction work, nails or screws are used to fix the boards forming the outer wall and the inner wall to the steel frame.

When using a nail for this fastening work, a considerably large impact force is required to drive into a steel frame, and the following driving tools are generally used. This tool is provided with a hammer that moves in the nose by high-pressure air, and by hitting the nail with the hammer, the nail is fired from the inside of the nose and the nail is driven into the driven material. By using this kind of tool, the operator's fatigue is small and the driving speed can be increased, but on the other hand, the material to be driven is only driven by the impact force in the axial direction of the nail, so it is pulled out and held. It has the drawback of being very weak. In addition, to supplement this,
Form a screw-shaped or ring-shaped groove on the shaft of the nail,
Some nails have improved pull-out holding force, but this is because they are driven only by the impact force in the axial direction of the nail, so there is no tightening force for the driven material and no remarkable effect can be obtained. .

On the other hand, when screws are used for fastening, self-drilling type screws specified in Japanese Industrial Standard JIS B 1125 are generally used. This screw has a head provided with a means for engaging a rotary tool on the upper surface, and has a drill portion on the other end, and by being screwed into a tightened material while rotating,
Since self-piercing and tapping are performed at the same time as the self-drilling, the pull-out holding force can be larger than that of the nail. However, in the fastening work, the rotational force can be applied by a power driver, but the human pressing force must be continuously applied by the operator during the drilling of the material to be fastened, from the start of drilling to the completion of tightening. , Requires more time than nails. More specifically, the required pressing force varies depending on the thickness of the material to be fastened and the nominal diameter of the screw, but it must be pushed for a long time with a force of 30 kg or more, which makes the scaffolding difficult at the construction site. In the field work, the fatigue due to the pressing work of the worker is extremely large. further,
There is always the danger of falling from a scaffold at a high place due to the recoil of pressure, and fatigue with this sense of danger is inevitable. Also, when fastening gypsum board etc.,
There is also a drawback in that the working environment is bad, such as the operator sucking the gypsum powder discharged during the drilling operation by the drilling part.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

The present invention is intended to improve such fasteners, by performing the linear driving operation, while shortening the driving time, while taking advantage of preventing the loosening of the fastener due to the presence of the threads, The purpose is to increase the tightening force. More specifically, at the same time as linear driving, it is possible to favorably receive rotational force,
An object of the present invention is to provide a fastener that can perform a sufficient tightening action even on a steel plate.

Further, the present invention is a device for handling this fastener, which applies linear kinetic energy to the fastener,
An object of the present invention is to provide a fastener driving tool capable of driving and screwing a fastener onto an object to be fixed while applying rotational energy.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

Therefore, the first invention of the present application is to solve the above problems by providing the following metal fastener for a driving tool.

The fastener of the first invention of the present application is to be passed through a cylindrical body of a driving tool having an in-cylinder spiral thread on the inner surface thereof and driven into a fixing object by a driving driver, and a shaft portion having a screw thread, And a head that engages a driving driver and receives the rotational force thereof. Further, it is characterized in that a counter-in-cylinder spiral engaging portion that engages with the in-cylinder spiral strip is formed at the maximum outer diameter portion of the head portion.

The second invention of the present application is to solve the above-mentioned problems by providing the following driving tool.

The driving tool of the second invention of the present application relates to a metal fastener driving tool that sequentially drives fasteners. This driving tool has a fastener engaging portion that engages with the fastener and transmits a rotational force at the tip, and includes a driving driver that performs a linear reciprocating motion and a rotational motion at the same time.
Further, a fastener feeding portion provided on the tip side of the driving driver, a tubular body provided on the tip side of the fastener feeding portion for guiding the fastener engaged with the driving driver to the fixing target, and the tubular shape. And an in-cylinder spiral strip formed on the inner surface of the body. When driving, the fastener is driven while the turning force is given to the fastener by engaging the appropriate position of the fastener with the in-cylinder spiral line of the tubular body in addition to the turning force from the driving driver. And

[Action]

The fastener of the first invention of the present application is characterized in that the maximum outer diameter portion of the head portion is formed with a counter-in-cylinder spiral engaging portion that engages with the above-described in-cylinder spiral thread. When driving through the tubular body of the driving tool provided with the in-cylinder spiral strip, the anti-in-cylinder spiral engaging portion engages with the in-cylinder spiral strip,
It receives rotation energy from the spiral line and rotates.

In the driving tool according to the second aspect of the present application, the driving force and the rotational force are directly applied to the fastener by the driving driver that performs the rotary motion simultaneously with the linear reciprocating motion. Further, since the in-cylinder spiral thread is formed on the inner surface of the cylindrical body that guides the fastener engaged with the driving driver to the fixing target, the fastener is engaged at the appropriate position with the in-cylinder spiral thread of the cylindrical body. Now, it becomes possible to give a further rotational force to the fastener.

〔Example〕

 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a side view of a fastener of one embodiment, and FIG. 2 (A) is a plan view of the fastener.

The fastener includes a tip portion 1 having a pointed tip, a threadless portion 2 formed continuously on the base end side of the tip portion, and a shaft portion 3 formed continuously on the base end side of the convex portion. , And a head 4 formed on the base end side of the shaft portion.

The distal end portion 1 is formed with several (6 in the embodiment) spiral protrusions 11 that promote the rotation of the fastener. The spiral protrusion 11 is formed from the middle of the tip end portion to the base end side, but may be formed from the tip end. However, depending on the type of the object to be fixed, it is not necessary to form the spiral protrusion 11 on the most distal end portion. Further, the spiral protrusion 11 is formed so that its height gradually increases from the tip end side, but this height can also be changed appropriately according to the object to be fixed. Although the lead angle of the spiral projection 11 is free, it is assumed that the lead angle of the spiral projection 103 is 45, which is the same as that of the spiral projection 103, assuming a case where the spiral projection 11 is rotated by using a driving tool having a spiral stripe 103 described later.
I took it.

Next, the threadless portion 2 is arranged between the tip portion 1 and the shaft portion 3 so that the tip portion 1 and the shaft portion 3 are smoothly continuous. For example, when the root diameter of the tip portion 1 is set larger than the root diameter of the shaft portion 3, the threadless portion 2 is tapered so that the diameter increases toward the tip, and conversely, the root diameter of the tip portion 1 is set to the shaft portion. When it is set to be smaller than the root diameter of 3, the threadless portion 2 is preferably tapered so that the diameter becomes smaller toward the tip. If the threadless portion 2 has a diameter smaller than both root diameters of the tip portion 1 and the shaft portion 3, the driving resistance can be reduced and the burring effect of the tip portion 1 can be enhanced. Is effective for. In this case, it is also preferable that the non-threaded portion 2 is formed to have a substantially rounded shape in a side view, in which the diameter is gradually reduced from the tip portion 1 and then gradually enlarged to follow the shaft portion 3. It is not necessary to form the non-threaded portion 2 intentionally.

Next, one or more lines (two lines in the embodiment) are provided on the peripheral surface of the shaft portion 3.
The thread 31 is formed. The lead angle of the screw thread 31 is free, but in the case of driving while rotating using a driving tool having a spiral thread 103 described later, the spiral thread 10
It is desirable to set the lead angle to approximately 3 or larger than that. In this embodiment, the lead angle of the spiral strip 103 is set to 45 degrees, which is the same. The outer diameter of the screw thread 31 is set to be larger than the outer diameter of the spiral projection 11 so that the tightening action can be effectively performed. Also, in order to make tapping smooth in this fastener driven at high speed,
It is preferable that the outer diameter of the thread 31 near the tip is gradually reduced. It is also possible to continuously form the thread 31 and the spiral protrusion 11.

As described above, as a result of making the lead angle of the screw thread 31 larger than that of a normal tapping screw, its fixing property may be deteriorated.However, in this embodiment, by forming the reverse screw 32, loosening of the screw Is being prevented. The reverse screw 32 is provided with one or more threads (four threads in the embodiment), and its lead angle is set to be larger than the lead angle of the screw thread 31 (in the embodiment,
80 degrees). Incidentally, as a means for preventing the loosening of the screw, appropriate means such as forming a protrusion other than the screw thread or forming a notch in the screw thread 31 may be taken.

Next, the head portion 4 has a trumpet shape whose seat surface 41 is formed in a round shape, and its base end is a flange portion 45. The flange portion 45 defines the maximum diameter of the fastener, and the end surface thereof has an engagement hole 42 that engages with the fastener engagement portion 102 formed at the tip of the driving driver 101.

The engagement hole 42 has a plurality of recessed ridges 43 and ridges 44 on its inner peripheral surface so as to satisfactorily engage with the fastener engaging portion 102 of the driving driver 101 that moves in the axial direction while rotating. And are formed alternately. As shown in FIG. 2 (B), which is a developed view of the internal shape of the engagement hole 42, the ridge 44 is
The upper end surface 44a thereof is inclined toward the adjacent recess 43.
As a result, the fastener engaging portion 1 of the driving driver 101 is
The engagement with 02 can be made smoother. Specifically, the fastener engaging portion 102 is formed with a concave ridge 104 and a convex ridge 105, and when the driving driver 101 descends, the concave ridge 104 and the convex ridge 105 are combined with the convex ridge 44 of the engaging hole 42. And recess 43
Engage with. At that time, there is no problem if the convex strips 105 and the concave strips 43 match each other.
When 105 contacts the ridge 44, smooth engagement becomes difficult. Therefore, by inclining the upper end surface 44a of the ridge 44 toward the adjacent ridge 43, the ridge 105 is guided to the ridge 43 to realize smooth engagement.

On the flange portion 45, a plurality (four in the embodiment) of the in-cylinder spiral engaging portions 46 are formed to project radially outward. The in-cylinder spiral engaging portion 46 is sufficient as long as it engages with the in-cylinder spiral thread 403 formed of a recess in the driving device described later, but in this embodiment, the in-cylinder spiral thread 403 is in surface contact. In order to increase stability, the rear surface with respect to the rotation direction (arrow direction in FIG. 4) is an inclined surface 47 of 45 degrees. The surface on the front side with respect to the rotation direction may also be inclined similarly to the inclined surface 47. In addition, the in-cylinder spiral strip 403 in the driving device,
When it is changed to a ridge, it is formed as a recessed recess.

Next, a driving tool for driving the fastener while rotating it will be described with reference to FIG.

This driving tool has a fastener engaging portion 102 that engages with the fastener and transmits a rotational force at the tip, and drives the fastener with a driving driver 101 having a spiral line 103 on the side surface. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 6, the fastener engaging portion 102 has a shape corresponding to the engaging hole 42 of the fastener, and a plurality of concave ridges 104 and convex ridges 105 are alternately arranged on the outer peripheral surface thereof. Is formed in. The configuration and shape for engaging the fastener and the driving driver can be changed as appropriate on condition that the rotational force can be transmitted.
The spiral strip 103 on the side surface may be a convex strip, but in this embodiment, it is a concave strip.

This driving driver 101, by the linear drive means,
A reciprocating linear motion in the axial direction is given. In this embodiment, an air cylinder 201 similar to that used in a conventional hammer for driving a nail is adopted as the linear driving means. This air cylinder 201 moves a piston 202 forward and backward at high speed by the pressure of air, and a driving driver 101 is rotatably attached to the piston 202 via a thrust bearing 203.

The front end surface of the air cylinder 201 is closed, a guide cylinder portion 301 is provided in the center thereof, and a synthetic resin bumper 303 having elasticity is arranged on the rear end side of the guide cylinder portion 301.
The impact of the piston 202 when driving is mitigated.

The guide cylinder portion 301 guides the driving driver so as to be slidable and rotatable in the axial direction, and has an anti-helical engagement portion 302 that engages with the spiral thread 103 on the inner peripheral surface thereof. The pair of spiral engaging portions 302 is a concave portion when the above-mentioned spiral strip 103 is a convex strip, but in this embodiment, since the spiral strip 103 is a concave strip, it is implemented as a convex portion. In addition to the convex portion or the concave portion, a convex strip or a concave strip having the same lead angle as the spiral strip 103 may be used. Also, balls may be used as the pair of spiral engaging portions 302 to reduce frictional resistance.

When the driving screwdriver 101 moves in the axial direction, the rotational force is applied to the screwdriver 101 by the pair of spiral engaging portions 302 engaging with the spiral thread 103. Incidentally, the lead angle of the spiral strip 103 may be appropriately changed depending on the application of the fastener, etc., because the number of rotations with respect to the forward speed of the driving driver 101 decreases as the lead angle increases.
In this example, the angle is 45 degrees. Also, this guide tube portion 301
Is provided inside the air cylinder 201, but may be provided outside the air cylinder 201.

Next, the tubular body 401 extends from the tip of the air cylinder 201. A fastener supply portion 402 for sequentially supplying the fasteners a locked to the band b as shown in FIG. 10 is formed near the base end of the tubular body 401. The fastener supply section 402 may be the same as that used in a conventional screw or nail driving tool. For example, by a feeding claw 406 that reciprocates by a feeding cylinder 405, a fastener a that is detachably locked to the band b is passed through a lateral feed passage 404 that is provided so as to cross the tubular body 401. It is possible to employ one in which the fasteners a locked to the strip b are sequentially and intermittently supplied. The fastener a may be supplied while being locked to the band b, or may be supplied independently, and the supply method thereof may be appropriately changed.

An in-cylinder spiral strip 403 is formed on the inner surface of the tubular body 401 at least from the fastener supply section 402 in the distal direction. This in-cylinder spiral strip 403 may be uneven, but in this embodiment it is implemented as a concave strip. And when the driving driver moves forward while rotating the fastener,
The in-cylinder spiral strip 403 engages the counter-in-cylinder spiral engaging portion 46 of the fastener to apply a further rotational force to the fastener. The lead angle of the in-cylinder spiral strip 403 is preferably set to be substantially equal to the lead angle of the spiral strip 103.

The length of the tubular body 401 is substantially equal to the stroke of the driving driver 101, and the fastener is driven while being rotated with the tip of the tubular body 401 abutting on the object to be fixed. In this way, the fastener is driven while rotating, so that it is easy to maintain the state parallel to the axis by the rotation, and the fastener is driven straight into the object to be fixed.

In addition, in order to further enhance the straightness of the fastener with respect to the object to be fixed, it is also preferable to provide a tip support portion 501 at the tip of the tubular body 401. As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the tip end support portion 501 is composed of a pair of left and right opening / closing members 502 and an elastic ring 503 arranged on the outer periphery thereof. The opening / closing member 502 is attached to the tip of the tubular body 401 so as to be slidable left and right, and has a funnel-shaped fastener guide hole 50 inside.
4 are formed. The elastic ring 503 is fitted in a premises provided on the outer periphery of the opening / closing member 502, and urges the pair of left and right opening / closing members 502 in a closing direction. The fastener and the tip of the driving driver 101 are guided by the fastener guide holes 504 of the opening / closing member 502, and are pushed forward while driving the opening / closing member 502 to the left and right. After the fastener driving is completed and the driving driver 101 is retracted, the opening / closing member 502 is closed by the elastic ring 503 to return to the initial state.

A foot portion 601 is attached to the tip of the tubular body 401 so that an appropriate space is maintained between the tip surface of the tubular body 401 and the object to be fixed. By making the protruding length of the foot portion 601 adjustable, the fastener driving depth can be adjusted.

Next, the operating state until the fastener driving is completed will be described.

First, the driving driver 101 starts forward movement using the air cylinder 201 as a drive source (FIG. 10). At that time, the spiral stripe 103 of the driving driver 101 engages with the pair of spiral engaging portions 302, so that the driving driver 101 rotates. Driving driver 101 that rotates while moving forward
The fastener engaging portion 102 of is engaged with the engaging hole 42 of the fastener, and the fastener advances while rotating.

Then, as shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 2, the in-cylinder spiral engaging portion 46 of the fastener engages with the in-cylinder spiral thread 403 of the tubular body 401, thereby imparting further rotational force to the fastener. And move forward. And the fastener is the tip support 501
Driving into the object to be fixed is started while being supported by.

As shown in FIG. 12, the driving is completed by the tip of the driving driver 101 protruding from the tip supporting portion 501 and moving forward to a position where the lever is substantially the same as the foot portion 601.

In this way, the fastener is driven into the fixed object from the tip of the tubular body 401. FIG. 5 (A) shows a state in which the ceiling material c is fixed to the steel plate d, and the fastener penetrates the ceiling material c by the tip portion 1 of the fastener to make a burring hole in the steel plate d.
At this time, several spiral projections 11 formed at the tip further promote the rotation of the fastener.

Then, as shown in FIG. 5 (B), the shaft thread taps into the opening e of the burring to realize good tightening of the screw. Further in this example,
Since the reverse screw 32 is provided, even if the fastener does not rotate in the direction opposite to the tightening direction, the reverse screw 32 engages with the opening e of the burring and the loosening of the fastener is prevented more reliably. It is a thing. More specifically, the reverse screw 32 acts in the tightening direction against the phenomenon that the fastener rotates and loosens in the returning direction of the screw thread 31 due to vibration or the like. Therefore, the loosening of the fastener is more reliably prevented.

In the above embodiment, the fastener suitable for fixing the steel plate is taken as an example, but the essential part of the first invention of the present application is to apply a rotational force to the fastener driven by the impact to exert the tightening action. However, the shaft portion may be implemented by appropriately changing the shape of the conventional screw.

Further, the configuration for the linear and rotary motion of the driving driver 101 of the driving tool can be changed as appropriate such that the drive source for the linear motion and the drive source for the rotary motion are separate. An example in which the drive source for linear motion and the drive source for rotary motion are separated is
A description will be given based on the figure. In this example, the driving driver
The cross section is made polygonal without forming the spiral stripe 103 on 101. or,
The driving driver 101 is slidably inserted into the rotary tubular body 701 which is rotated by appropriate rotary drive means such as the air motor 702 without using the guide tubular portion 301. The cross-sectional shape of the cylindrical portion of the rotary tubular body 701 is set to be a polygon corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the driving driver 101, and the driving driver 101 is rotated together with the rotation of the rotary tubular body 701. The power transmission means between the air motor 702 and the rotating tubular body 701 is a gear 70 that engages with a gear 703 attached to the rotating shaft of the air motor 702.
Appropriate means such as forming 4 on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating tubular body 703 can be adopted. The rotary tubular body 703 may be provided at the same position as the guide tubular portion 301 of the previous embodiment, but may be provided outside the air cylinder 201.

〔The invention's effect〕

In the fastener of the first invention of the present application, the counter-in-cylinder spiral engaging portion engages with the in-cylinder spiral thread when the tool is driven through the cylindrical body of the driving tool having the in-cylinder spiral thread on the inner surface. Then
It can rotate by receiving rotational energy from the spiral line. Therefore, the first invention of the present application is able to provide a fastener that can receive a sufficient rotational force as well as a linear driving force and can be screwed into an object to be fixed and can perform a reliable tightening action.

According to the second invention of the present application, it is possible to provide a fastener driving tool capable of simultaneously applying linear energy and rotational energy to a fastener and driving the fastener into a fixing target and screwing and tightening the fastener. It is a thing.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 is a side view of a fastener of one embodiment, FIG. 2 (A) is a plan view of the fastener, FIG. 2 (B) is a plan view of the fastener, and FIG. 3 is III-III of FIG. A line sectional view, FIG. 4 is an enlarged side view of the head of the fastener, FIG. 5 (A) is a side view during the fastener driving process, and FIG. 5 (B) is a side view after the fastener driving is completed. 6 (A) is an enlarged side view of the tip of the driving driver, and FIG. 6 (B) is B in FIG. 6 (A).
-B line sectional view, FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of the internal structure of the driving tool, FIG. 8 is an enlarged side view of the tip of the cylindrical body of the driving tool,
FIG. 9 is an enlarged bottom view of the tip of the tubular body, FIG. 10 is an explanatory view at the start of driving the driving tool, FIG. 11 is an explanatory view during the driving process of the driving tool, and FIG. 12 is driving the driving tool. FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram at the time of completion, and FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of another embodiment of the rotating means of the driving driver of the driving tool. 1 ... Tip part, 2 ... No screw part, 3 ... Shaft part, 4 ... Head part, 11 ... Spiral protrusion, 31 ... Thread, 32 ... Reverse screw,
41 …… seat surface, 42 …… engagement hole, 43 …… concave line, 44 …… projection line,
45 …… Flange part, 46 …… Against in-cylinder spiral engaging part, 101…
… Striking driver, 102 …… Fastener engaging part, 103…
… Spiral strip, 201 …… Air cylinder, 202 …… Piston, 30
1 ...... guide cylinder part, 302 ...... pair spiral engagement part, 401 ...... cylindrical body, 402 ...... fastener supply part, 403 ...... in-cylinder spiral strip.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A fastener which passes through a cylindrical body of a driving tool having an in-cylinder spiral thread on its inner surface and is driven into a fixed object by a driving driver, wherein the fastener includes a shaft portion having a thread. , A head part that engages with the driving driver and receives the rotational force thereof, and a counter-in-cylinder spiral engaging part that engages with the above-mentioned in-cylinder spiral thread is formed at the maximum outer diameter part of this head part. A metal fastener for a driving tool characterized by being formed. 2. A metal fastener driving tool for sequentially driving fasteners, which has a fastener engaging portion which engages with the fastener and transmits a rotational force at the tip, and which performs linear reciprocating movement and rotational movement simultaneously. A fastener feeding portion provided on the tip side of the driving driver, a tubular body provided on the tip side of the fastener feeding portion for guiding the fastener engaged with the driving driver to the fixing target, and the tubular shape. It is equipped with an in-cylinder spiral strip formed on the inner surface of the body, and when driving, the fastener is rotated by engaging the appropriate position of the fastener with the in-cylinder spiral strip of the cylindrical body in addition to the rotational force from the driving driver. A metal fastener driving tool characterized by making fasteners while applying force.