JPH0747800Y2 - Fuel cell - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

The present invention relates to a solid fuel cell,
Particularly, it relates to the heat insulation structure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 10 shows the structure of a conventional solid fuel cell. This fuel cell uses a fuel reformer X to reform a fuel (hydrocarbon) into hydrogen and carbon monoxide, and In the battery cell Y, hydrogen and carbon monoxide are reacted with an oxidant (air) to generate electricity.

The internal temperature of the fuel reforming section of a solid fuel cell is a high temperature of 1100 to 1500 ° C., and it is necessary to make the surface temperature of the case about room temperature + 50 ° C. by using a heat insulating material. Three layers of thin insulation 1,
2, 3 and a thick heat insulating material 4 are provided on the outside, and the outside is covered with a case 5. That is, by increasing the thickness of the outer heat insulating material 4 (for example, 20 cm), the amount of heat conduction is reduced and the surface temperature of the case is lowered.

[0004]

According to the related art, not only the solid fuel cell itself becomes large in size, but also the volume occupied by the heat insulating material is large, so that the output per unit volume becomes small as a whole. In other words, the development of solid fuel cells with good heat insulation performance is an issue.

In view of the above, the present invention is a thin fuel cell capable of increasing the output per unit area as a whole and improving the heat insulation performance by thinning the heat insulation material to reduce the volume occupied by the heat insulation material. For the purpose of providing.

[0006]

1 to 9, a fuel reformer X for reforming fuel into hydrogen and carbon monoxide is provided in a fuel cell main body 6, as shown in FIGS.
In a fuel cell including a fuel cell unit Y for extracting electricity by reacting hydrogen and carbon monoxide obtained by the fuel reforming apparatus X, the fuel cell main body 6 includes the fuel reforming unit.
An inner case 14 in which the device X and the fuel cell Y are housed
It is composed of this and an outer case 16 provided at a distance, and is formed between the inner case 14 and the outer case 16 .
A multi-layered reflective plate 15 having a reflective surface facing inward is provided in the sealed space, and between the innermost reflective plate 15 and the inner case 14.
A gap 17 is provided between the reflectors 15 and most of them.
A heat insulating tape 1 is provided between the outer reflector 15 and the outer case 16.
The gap 17 is maintained by 8 and the outer case 16 is
A vacuum port 30 connected to the vacuum pump P is provided to
The firing plate 15 is provided with a communication hole 31 facing the vacuum port 30.
The sealed space is made to be in a vacuum state by the vacuum pump P.

[0007]

In the above means for solving the problems, the fuel supplied into the fuel cell main body 6 is reformed into hydrogen and carbon monoxide by the fuel reforming apparatus X and sent into the fuel cell Y, and the fuel cell Y Electricity is generated by reacting with an oxidant. At this time, the temperature inside the fuel cell body 6 is 1000 ° C. in the fuel cell unit Y and 1100 to 1500 ° C. in the fuel reforming section.
Therefore, the surface temperature of the fuel cell body 6 should be room temperature +5
It should be about 0 ° C.

[0008] In the present invention, the multilayer reflector 1 the reflection surface between the inner casing 14 and outer casing 16 toward the inside
5 is provided, because they were sealed space between the inner casing 14 and outer casing 16 and the vacuum state further, the reflecting plate 1 5 prevents Yotsute radiant heat can be prevented by connexion convection vacuum.
Moreover, the innermost reflection plate 15 and the inner case 14 contact each other.
Not, between each reflector 15 and the outermost reflector
An insulating tape 18 is provided between 15 and the outer case 16.
Since the gap 17 is maintained, heat conduction between each member is prevented
it can. In addition, the sealed space is evacuated by the vacuum pump P.
At the time of performing the operation, the communication holes 31 of the respective reflection plates 15 are used to provide space between the respective members.
The gas in the gap 17 can be easily and surely discharged, so
By increasing the degree of vacuum between them, it is possible to prevent heat conduction further.
Wear.

Therefore, without increasing the thickness of the heat insulating material as in the conventional case, the heat conduction amount can be reduced and the surface temperature of the fuel cell body 6 can be lowered to obtain the heat insulating performance equal to or higher than the conventional case. Moreover, since the volume occupied by the heat insulating material is small, it is possible to provide a thin solid fuel cell having a large output per unit area as a whole.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

[0011] Figure 1 is a diagram showing a <br/> structure of a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention, the horizontal <br/> sectional view of a fuel reforming apparatus portion of FIG. 2 is a fuel cell, Figure 3 is the fuel horizontal cross-sectional view of the fuel cell portion of a battery, FIG. 4 is C part enlarged view of FIG. 1, FIG. 5 is D part enlarged view of FIG. 1, FIG. 6 E enlarged view of FIG. 1, FIG. 7 in FIG. 1 FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of the F portion, FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of the G portion of FIG. 1, and FIG. 9 is a principle diagram of the fuel cell.

As shown in the figure, the solid fuel cell of this embodiment is
In the fuel cell body 6, a fuel reformer X for reforming a fuel (hydrocarbon) supplied from the outside into hydrogen or carbon monoxide by a reforming catalyst, and hydrogen obtained by the fuel reformer X, The fuel cell unit Y is provided with carbon monoxide and an oxidant (air) supplied from the outside to take out electricity to improve the heat insulation performance and to be thin and increase the output per unit area. , Which is an improvement of its heat insulation structure.

The fuel cell main body 6 is, as shown in FIGS.
It consists outer case 16 which is provided at the inner case 14 Oyo Biko Re and spacing of the cylindrical. The interior of the fuel cell main body 6 is, as shown in FIG. 1, the partition plate 7a, battery chamber 10A from the bottom toward the top by 7b, a combustion chamber 10B, boiler room 10
It is sectioned sequentially with C. And in the battery compartment 10A,
Fuel cell Y and, fuel cell Y the operating temperature (about 1
A Atsushi Nobori heater (electric heater) H in order to reach is disposed in 000 ° C.). In the combustion chamber 10B, the fuel reformer X and the oxidant supplied from the outside are supplied to the fuel cell Y.
And an oxidant heating device K for delivering the fuel cells Y to the fuel cells Y in a state close to the operating temperature of the above. Further, the boiler chamber 10 C is, soft water are water, exhaust gas generated from the fuel cell Y is configured to be heat exchanged is discharged to the outside by passing through the serpentine tubes T.

Next, the heat insulating structure of this embodiment will be described.

The heat insulation inside the fuel cell body 6 having the fuel cell unit Y is performed by the inner case 14 and the chambers 10A, 10B, 10C.
The heat insulating materials 11, 12, 13 are interposed between the heat insulating materials 11, 12, and 13, and the three layers of heat insulating materials 11, 12, 13 are used for heat insulation. further,
Between the inner case 14 and the outer case 16, a plurality (for example,
(5 to 10) reflectors 15 are arranged with their surfaces facing inward. The reflection plate 15 is a thin plate whose surface is mirror-finished.

A gap 17 is provided between the reflection plates 15 and between the inner case 14 and the outer case 16 as shown in FIG. 4, and the gap 17 is in a vacuum state. In order to maintain the gap 17, for example, spacers (heat insulating tape) 18 (see FIG. 6) are attached at appropriate intervals to hold the gap. The inner case 14
The space dimension between the outer case 16 and the outer case 16 is, for example, 4 cm to 5 cm.
cm.

As shown in FIG. 4, the upper ends of the inner case 14 and the outer case 16 connect the inner case 14 to the upper inner flange 25, and connect the outer case 16 to the upper outer flange 20 to form an airtight structure. Has been done. The upper outer flange 20 and the upper inner flange 25 are each provided with an O-ring groove, and the O-rings 21 and 22 are fitted into the O-ring grooves, and the holding plate 23 holds the O-rings to hold a vacuum. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the outer case 16 has a vacuum port 30 connected to a vacuum pump P (see FIG. 9).
Is provided, and a communicating hole 31 is provided in each reflecting plate 15 facing the position of the vacuum port 30 to facilitate vacuuming.

A measuring nozzle 40 is provided at a position corresponding to the combustion chamber 10B of the fuel cell body 6 as shown in FIG. 6, and a measuring instrument is connected to the nozzle 40 to connect the combustion chamber 1B.
Through-hole 41 facing inward so that the temperature inside 0B can be measured
Are provided on the heat insulating materials 11, 12, and 13. Nozzle 4
0 is welded to the inner case 14 and the outer case 16 to maintain airtightness.

On the other hand, the bottom portions of the inner case 14 and the outer case 16 are welded to the lower flange 50 at the lower end portions of the inner case 14 and the outer case 16, as shown in FIG. A plurality of layers of reflecting plates 54 are provided between the lower flanges 50 and the lower lid plate 57 arranged below the lower flanges 50 with their mirror surfaces facing inward. And lower flange 50, reflector 54 and lower lid plate 5
A gap 55 is provided between 7 and the gap is evacuated.

A communication hole 5 is provided at an appropriate position on the lower flange 50.
3 is provided, and a communication hole 56 is also provided at an appropriate place in the reflection plate 54, so that when the gas inside is discharged from the vacuum port 30, a vacuum is also created between the lower flange 50 and the lower cover plate 57. .

The bottom measuring nozzle 60 has one end welded to the lower flange 50 and the other end free, as shown in FIG. Thereby, the measurement nozzle 60 to the measurement port 61
The temperature of the battery chamber 10A can be measured by communicating with the battery chamber 10A via the and inserting a measuring instrument.

Further, the lower flange 50 and the lower cover plate 57 are provided.
After the reflecting plate 54 is inserted between the measuring nozzle 60 and the packing 62, the measuring nozzle 60 is attached with the packing 62 and is tightened with the bolt 64 via the pressing plate 63 to maintain the airtightness between the measuring nozzle 60 and the lower cover plate 57.

In the above structure, as shown in FIG. 9, the fuel supplied into the fuel cell body 6 is hydrogen in the fuel reformer X,
It is reformed to carbon monoxide and sent to the fuel cell Y,
Electricity is generated by reacting with the oxidant in the fuel cell Y. At this time, the temperature inside the fuel cell main body 6 is 1000 ° C. in the fuel cell Y and 1100 to 1000 in the combustion chamber 10B .
Since the temperature is about 1500 ° C., the surface temperature of the fuel cell body 6 must be set to room temperature + 50 ° C. In FIG. 9, M is a load.

Therefore, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the space between the inner case 14 and the outer case 16 and the fuel cell main body 6 are arranged.
At the bottom of the, between the lower flange 50 and the lower lid plate 57,
Providing multiple layers of reflectors 15 and 54 with the mirror surface facing inward,
Since the sealed space between the inner case 14 and the outer case 16 and the lower flange 50 and the lower cover plate 57 is kept in a vacuum state by the vacuum pump P, radiant heat is prevented by the reflection plates 15 and 54, and a vacuum is generated. Convection can be prevented.

Accordingly, the conventional thin heat insulating material 1
In addition to 1, 12, 13 and without providing a thick heat insulating material on the outer side, the amount of heat conduction can be reduced and the surface temperature of the fuel cell body 6 can be lowered to obtain a heat insulating performance equal to or higher than the conventional one. Moreover, since the volume occupied by the heat insulating material is small, it is possible to provide a thin solid fuel cell having a large output per unit area as a whole.

The exhaust heat in the fuel cell body 6 is recovered by the exhaust heat recovery device and used for hot water supply, heating, etc., and the exhaust gas is recovered by the exhaust gas recovery device.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and it goes without saying that many modifications and changes can be made to the above embodiment within the scope of the present invention.

For example, in the above embodiment, each case may have a bottomed cylindrical shape.

[0029]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, a multi-layered reflective plate having a reflective surface facing inward is provided between the inner case and the outer case constituting the fuel cell body, and the sealed space of the outer casing by a vacuum, to prevent by connexion radiation heat on the reflection plate, Ru can be prevented by connexion convection vacuum. Moreover, the innermost reflector and inner case
Non-contact, between each reflector and outermost reflector
The gap between the outer case and the outer case is maintained by the insulating tape.
Therefore, heat conduction between the respective members can be prevented. further,
Each one is connected to the vacuum port of the outer case connected to the vacuum pump.
Since there is a communication hole in the reflector, you can use a vacuum pump.
When making the sealed space into a vacuum state, remove the gas in the gap between each member.
It can be easily and surely discharged, and the vacuum degree in the sealed space is high.
Therefore, heat conduction can be further prevented. Therefore, even if the total thickness of the heat insulating part is reduced to about half that of the conventional type, the same or higher level of heat insulating performance can be obtained and the volume of the entire heat insulating material can be significantly reduced, thus increasing the output per unit area as a whole. An excellent effect can be obtained when a thin fuel cell having the above structure can be provided.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view showing the structure of a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a transverse sectional view of a fuel reformer portion of the fuel cell.

Figure 3 is a transverse sectional view of the fuel cell portion of the fuel cell.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of portion C of FIG.

5 is an enlarged view of part D in FIG. 1. FIG.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion E of FIG.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of an F portion of FIG.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a G portion in FIG.

FIG. 9 is a principle diagram of a fuel cell.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a structure of a conventional fuel cell.

[Explanation of symbols]

6 Fuel Cell Main Body 14 Inner Case 15,54 Reflector 16 Outer Case X Fuel Reformer Y Fuel Cell

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Morita Ohkita 1-4-6 Sakurajima, Konohana-ku, Osaka City, Osaka Prefecture Hitachi Shipbuilding Engineering Co., Ltd. (72) Creator Takumi Otoko Sakurajima, Konohana-ku, Osaka City, Osaka Prefecture 1-4-6 Hitachi Shipbuilding Engineering Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Toshifumi Yamaguchi 1-4-6 Sakurajima, Konohana-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Prefecture Hitachi Shipbuilding Engineering Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Nagao Miyawaki Hamamatsu, Minato-ku, Tokyo 2-11-16, Machi (56) Reference JP-A-62-283570 (JP, A) JP-A-2-220363 (JP, A) JP-A-62-228794 (JP, A) JP-A-2- 51700 (JP, A)

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A fuel reformer for reforming a fuel into hydrogen and carbon monoxide in a fuel cell main body, and hydrogen and carbon monoxide obtained by the fuel reformer react with an oxidizer to generate electricity. in a fuel cell and a fuel cell to take out the fuel
The fuel cell body includes the fuel reformer and the fuel cell unit.
It consists of a casing and an outer casing which is provided at this and spacing among which is furnished to the formation of between inner casing and the outer casing
A multi-layered reflective plate with the reflective surface facing inward is provided in the enclosed space, and there is a gap between the innermost reflective plate and the inner case.
Are provided between each reflector and the outermost reflector and the outside.
Insulation tape maintains a gap between the cases,
A vacuum port connected to a vacuum pump is provided on the case not shown.
Each reflecting plate has a communication hole facing the vacuum port.
The sealed space is evacuated by the vacuum pump .