JPH0746407Y2 - Attachment / detachment device for attachment tools - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Industrial Application Field of the Invention: The attachment spindle is 90 ° to the spindle of this machine.
Alternatively, the present invention relates to a tool attaching / detaching device for an angular attachment having a predetermined angle such as 60 °, 45 °, 30 °.

Conventional technology Conventionally, 90 ° angular attachments are equipped with a collet opening / closing device for tool gripping on a cross rail or column.
I was attaching and detaching attachment tools. Again 60 °, 45
For angular attachments with inclination angles of °, 30 °, etc., a manual tool attachment / detachment mechanism was provided on the front side of the attachment spindle to attach / detach the attachment tool. However, the former had a drawback that the device was expensive and the control was complicated, and the latter had the drawback that it could not be automatically attached and detached.Therefore, in the recently developed technology, a collet on the attachment spindle side that is biased to a closed position by a spring, There is a technique known in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 59-124539, which is provided with a switching means for switching from a closed posture to an open posture by utilizing the raising or lowering of the main shaft of the machine.

The technique known in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 59-124539 described in the related art is that the attachment body is fixed to the spindle head and the collet opening / closing is performed by using the raising or lowering of the spindle of the machine. The machine spindle (spindle ram or spindle sleeve) is being switched due to switching.
However, it is not possible to use the axial movement of the spindle for machining which is the original purpose, and a mechanism for moving the spindle head in the Z-axis is further required, resulting in a complicated and expensive mechanical structure. There is.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide an attachment / detachment device for an attachment tool, which can be operated in the same manner as tightening and loosening the main spindle tool of the present machine. Is what you are trying to do.

In order to achieve the above object, the attachment tool attaching / detaching device according to the present invention is provided with a draw bar for opening and closing a first collet for tool gripping in a central hole of a main shaft of a main body rotatably supported by a main shaft ram so as to be axially movable. In a machine tool, an angular attachment detachably provided at the tip of the spindle ram and rotatably supporting an attachment spindle having a predetermined angle with respect to the spindle of the machine, and axially movable to a central hole of the attachment spindle. A pull rod having a second collet for holding a tool at its tip and biased freely by a spring for pulling in, a fluid pressure drive member for pushing the pull rod against the force of the spring, and the angular attachment body. And a bellows which is provided concentrically with the main shaft and which sends a pressure fluid to the fluid pressure drive member by movement of the draw bar. In it, in which no to perform and unclamping unclamped and the machine spindle and not concentrically attachment spindle tool of the machine spindle the tool at the same driving source.

Action When the draw bar in the main shaft of the machine is pushed out by the drive device, the fluid pressure generating member is pressed, the enclosed fluid becomes high pressure and is sent to the fluid pressure drive member, and the tool pull rod resists the force of the spring. Then, the second collet is opened and the attachment tool can be inserted into and removed from the attachment spindle. Then, after the tool is inserted into the attachment spindle, when the draw bar is pulled in, the tool pull rod retracts by the force of the spring, the pull stud neck is gripped by the second collet, the tool is pulled in, and the attachment spindle is clamped. .

First Embodiment A first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In a known vertical machining center, a main spindle ram 1 is provided on a main spindle head that can be moved and positioned in the Y-axis direction so as to be movable and positioned in the Z-axis direction, and the main spindle 2 of the main spindle ram 1 can be rotated by a plurality of bearings. Is mounted on the main shaft ram 2 at the tip of 90
The body 4 of the angle attachment 3 is detachably attached. A draw bar 5 of a known tool lifting device is inserted through a central hole 2a of the main shaft 2 of the machine so as to be movable in the axial direction, and a collet 6 for gripping and pulling up the pull stud neck is attached to the tip of the draw bar. The draw bar 5 is constantly urged by a spring (not shown) to pull in at all times. When the draw bar 5 is pushed downward against the force of the spring by a fluid pressure drive device (not shown), the collet 6 is opened and pulled upward. At times, the collet 6 is closed so that the pull stud is gripped and pulled up. A bevel gear 7 with a shaft is rotatably supported on the attachment body 4 concentrically with the main shaft 2 of the machine, and a central spline hole of the bevel gear 7 with a shaft is provided.
An arbor 8 is inserted into 7a so as to be movable in the axial direction.
Pull stud 9 at the tip of taper shank 8a of arbor 8
The arbor 8 is pulled up by the collet 6 and fitted into the taper hole 2b of the main body spindle 2 by spring force, and at the same time, the drive key 10 fixed to the tip end surface of the main body spindle is attached to the collar portion 8b. When engaged, the rotational force of the main shaft of the machine is transmitted. Further, a spring ring 11 is fitted in the arbor 8 between the flange portion 8c and the upper end surface of the bevel gear 7 with a shaft so as to be movable in the axial direction, and the spring ring 11 is provided at equal intervals on the circumference. A spring 12 is provided in the axial hole so that the arbor 8 is always biased upward. A bellows 14 is concentrically attached to the attachment body 4 at a position corresponding to the lower end of the arbor 8, and the flange 14a at the tip of the bellows 14 is pushed down by abutting the convex portion 8d of the lower end face when the arbor 8 descends and is pushed down. Is compressed, and the oil sealed in the bellows chamber is pressurized to a high pressure and supplied to the rear chamber of a hydraulic cylinder 21 described later through an oil passage 15 provided in the attachment body.

Further, an attachment main shaft 17 is rotatably supported by a plurality of bearings in a lower portion of the attachment main body 4 at right angles to the arbor 8, and the bevel gear 13 fitted to the attachment main shaft 17 is attached to the shaft-equipped bevel gear 7 and The attachment main shaft 17 is rotated by the main shaft 2 of the main unit when meshed. The attachment spindle 17 has a taper hole 17a for mounting a tool T at its tip, and a collet 16 is attached to the tip of a tool pulling rod 18 which is fitted in a center hole 17b so as to be movable in the axial direction. The spring 19 is always biased by the spring 19 freely. Furthermore, the attachment body 4 has a lid 20
Is fixed, and a hydraulic cylinder 21 is cut on the lid 20 concentrically with the attachment main shaft. And hydraulic cylinder
The piston 22 inserted into the 21 is always biased backward by the spring 23, and the piston 22 is supplied by the pressure oil supplied from the bellows 14.
The tip of a piston rod 24 integral with 22 pushes the pull rod 18 against the force of a spring 19 to open the collet 16.

Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described. Now, the tool T is attached to the taper hole 17a of the attachment main shaft 17 by the collet 16 at the tip of the pull rod 18 which is biased by the spring 19 freely, and the neck of the pull stud being gripped. When the division of machining by the tool T is completed, the 90 ° angular attachment 3 is moved and positioned to the tool exchange position, and the tool T is grasped by the grasping claw of the tool exchanging arm (not shown) according to the NC tool exchanging command. Next, the draw bar 5 in the main shaft 2 of the machine is lowered by a drive device (not shown), the arbor 8 is pushed down and the bellows 14 is compressed, and the oil enclosed in the bellows chamber is pressurized to a high pressure through the oil passage 15. It is supplied to the rear chamber of the cylinder 21, and the piston rod 24 moves forward and the pull rod 18 moves forward against the force of the spring 19 to collect the collet.
16 is opened and the tool T is pulled out by the exchange arm.

Next, when the next tool T is inserted into the taper hole 17a by the exchange arm, the draw bar 5 rises, the neck of the pull stud 9 is gripped by the collet 6, and the arbor 8 rises. When the arbor 8 rises, a gap is created between the bellows 14 and the convex portion 8d, the compression of the bellows is released, and the original shape is obtained.
Hydraulic cylinder 21 pressing pull bar 18 against the force of
Thrust of the collet 16
The pull stud is gripped by and the tool T is pulled in. Next, the replacement arm swivels away from the tool T, the 90 ° angular attachment 3 is moved and positioned to the cutting position specified by the program, and when the main spindle 2 of the machine is rotated, the attachment is made via the arbor 8 and the bevel gears 7 and 13. The spindle 17 is rotated and the machining with the next tool T is started.

Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that a 45 ° angle attachment 26 is attached to the tip of the spindle ram 1, and in order to avoid duplication of explanation, the same parts as those of the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals. The explanation is omitted or simply given. The main body 27 of the 45 ° angle attachment is attached to the spindle ram 1.
A bevel gear 28 with a shaft is rotatably supported concentrically with the main shaft 2. And the center spline hole 28a of the gear 28 with shaft
Further, the arbor 8 is inserted so as to be movable in the axial direction, and the bellows 14 is compressed by the convex portion 8d at the tip of the arbor. Further, a 45 ° attachment main shaft 29 is rotatably supported on the 45 ° attachment main body 27 with an inclination angle of 45 ° with respect to the arbor 8, and a gear 30 is fitted to the rear end of the 45 ° attachment main shaft 29. ing. And 45 °
A double gear integrally having a spur gear 32A and a bevel gear 32B is fitted to the tip of an intermediate shaft 31 rotatably supported in parallel with the attachment main shaft 29, and the bevel gear 32B is a shaft-equipped bevel gear 2
8 and the spur gear 32A are meshed with the spur gear 30, respectively.
45 ° attachment main body 27 45 ° attachment spindle 29
The rear chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 21 bored at the corresponding position on the rear side and the bellows 14 are communicated with each other by an oil passage 33. When the drawbar 5 descends, the arbor 8 descends to compress the bellows 14, and the piston rod 24 Moves to push out the pull rod 18 and open the collet 16.

The operation of the second embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, and will be omitted.

In this embodiment, the 90 ° angular attachment and the 45 ° angular attachment have been described.
Of course, it can be applied to an angular attachment having another inclination angle such as a 30 ° angular attachment.

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects. Axial movement of the tool attachment / detachment drawbar of the machine spindle generates high pressure in the fluid enclosed in the bellows and sends it to the fluid pressure drive member, pushing out the pull rod against the force of the spring and opening the second collet. With this operation, the tool clamping and loosening of the attachment spindle, which is not concentric with the spindle axis, can be performed with the same operation as the tool clamping and loosening of the machine spindle. By diverting the structure, the structure is simple and inexpensive, and the attachment tool can be attached / detached with high efficiency by a simple operation. Also, by using a bellows for the unclamping drive member of the attachment spindle, the attachment can be stored compactly and the attachment can be designed easily.

[Brief description of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a 90 ° angular attachment, 2nd
The figure is a cross-sectional view of a 45 ° angular attachment. 1 …… Spindle ram 2 …… This machine spindle 3 …… 90 ° Angular attachment 4,27 …… Attachment body 5 …… Drawbar, 6,16 …… Collet 14 …… Bellows 17,29 …… Attachment spindle 21… … Hydraulic cylinder, 22… Piston

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A first collet (6) for gripping a tool in a center hole of a main spindle (2) of a main unit which is rotatably supported by a main spindle ram (1).
In a machine tool provided with an opening / closing drawbar (5) that is movable in the axial direction, an attachment spindle (17 or 29) that is detachably provided at the tip of the spindle ram and that has a predetermined angle with respect to the spindle of the machine is rotated. An angular attachment (3 or 26) that is freely supported, and a second collet (16) for holding a tool at the tip, which is provided in the central hole of the attachment spindle so as to be movable in the axial direction, is biased freely by a spring. A pull rod (18), a fluid pressure drive member (21 to 24) that pushes the pull rod against the force of the spring, and the drawbar provided on the angular attachment body (4 or 27) concentrically with the main shaft. A bellows (4) for sending a pressure fluid to the fluid pressure driving member by the movement of (5), and an unclamp of the tool spindle tool of the machine and an attachment member not concentric with the machine spindle. An attachment tool attachment / detachment device characterized in that the same drive source is used for unclamping the spindle tool.