JPH0746406Y2 - Holder - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to a holder used for attaching and detaching an object to be held such as a cutting tool or a work piece to and from a spindle of a machine tool.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, as this type of holder, one shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-214531 filed by the applicant company is known. In this holder, a protruding portion is provided so as to project from the tip of the insertion portion, and engagement preventing bodies that project in a direction orthogonal to the axis are provided on both sides of the tip portion of the protruding portion. And
On the main shaft of a machine tool to which a holder is to be attached, two arms that project toward the opening and have elasticity in the deep part of the hollow part are arranged side by side in parallel with each other at intervals, and at the tips of these arms. An engaging body protruding toward the opposite side is provided, and when the protruding portion of the holding tool is inserted between the arms and rotated, the engaging body engages with the engaging body to prevent the holding body from coming off. is there.

[Problems to be solved by the device]

While this type of holder is manufactured by a weak tool manufacturer, the spindle of the machine tool to which the holder should be attached / detached is manufactured by the machine tool manufacturer. There is a holder manufacturer in a position where a strong demand for reducing the manufacturing burden is weak.

In view of such a situation, in the above-mentioned conventional holder, two arms are provided in the hollow portion of the main shaft so as to match the protrusions of the holder, and a locking body is attached to the arms of the holder. Therefore, it is necessary to provide the main shaft so as to be engaged with the main shaft, which complicates the structure of the main shaft and makes it difficult for a machine tool manufacturer to manufacture the main shaft.

In addition, as a second conventional holding tool different from the above, a collar-shaped ring is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the insertion part, and an annular groove is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the hollow part of the main shaft on the machine tool maker side. Then, there is one in which the collar-shaped ring is engaged with this (see Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-1379).

Further, as a third conventional technique, a large number of members, such as a cylindrical ring, a ring-shaped spring receiver, and a coil spring, are previously formed on the outer peripheral surface of the hollow main spindle on the machine tool maker side.
Members such as engaging pins, keyways, and a number of protrusions are additionally provided, while some holders are provided with corresponding members to connect them (actually 62 -42934
No.).

However, in the second prior art, the machine tool maker must be required to form an annular groove on the inner peripheral surface of the hollow main shaft, which is difficult to achieve high precision in machining. There was a problem that had to be addressed. Also on the manufacturing side of the holder, it is necessary to form a fitting flange that matches the width dimension of the annular groove with high accuracy and take measures to prevent rattling that occurs in the axial direction. However, in this respect, there was a problem that the machine tool manufacturer requested improvement.

Further, in the above-mentioned third conventional technique, a large number of members, for example, a cylindrical ring, a ring-shaped spring receiver, a coil spring, and an engaging member are provided with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the hollow main shaft manufactured by the machine tool manufacturer. Since it has a structure in which members such as dowel pins, keyways, and a number of protrusions are attached, even if it is intended for the outer circumference of the spindle, it will induce a cost increase on the machine tool manufacturer side, and Since there is a problem that the manufacturing complexity is increased, the improvement has been desired by the machine tool manufacturer.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to easily and quickly attach / detach to / from a spindle that is manufactured by a machine tool maker. It is an object of the present invention to provide a holder which can be integrated and has a simple outer shape of a main shaft and which can be put to practical use even if a slight processing is performed on the outer circumference.

In particular, the present invention is intended for the outer periphery and the exposed portion of the tip of a hollow spindle that is manufactured by a machine tool maker. As a minimum, the tip of the spindle is slightly locked with a locking portion for engaging a pawl and a rotation stopper. Even if the engaging recesses for fitting the claws are formed, the holder can be easily and quickly attached / detached and integrated. This increased the possibility of solving problems with spindle machining on the machine tool manufacturer side.

[Means for solving the problem]

The holder of the present invention is provided with an insertion portion at one end side of the main body that can be inserted into the hollow portion of the main shaft of the machine tool, and at the other end side of the main body for mounting an object to be held. In a holder provided with the mounting portion of the main body, at a position adjacent to the insertion portion of the main body, the insertion portion is inserted in the hollow portion of the main shaft and radially protrudes so as to abut the tip of the main shaft. An abutting portion is integrally provided, and an annular engaging member is provided around the abutting portion so as to be movable back and forth in the axial direction, and the engaging member has an insertion portion in a hollow portion of the main shaft. With it inserted and the contact part is in contact with the tip of the main shaft,
An inward locking claw for engaging with a locking portion projecting on the outer periphery near the tip of the main shaft is fixedly provided, and an annular engagement protruding inward on the side opposite to the locking claw. An elastic body is provided between the engagement piece and the abutting portion to press the detent claw into pressure contact with the locking portion, and the detent claw engages with the locking portion. In the combined state, the latching member having the rotation stopping claw for fitting into the engaging recess provided at the tip of the main shaft can freely move back and forth in the axial direction of the main body, and in the circumferential direction. The movement was regulated.

[Action]

When the object to be held is mounted on the mounting part of the main body, the insertion part of the main body is inserted into the hollow part of the main shaft in this state, the contact part is brought into contact with the tip of the main shaft, and the main body is rotated in that state. The detent pawl of the coupling member engages with the locking portion of the main shaft to prevent movement of the main body in the axial direction, and the rotation stop pawl of the latching member engages with the engaging recess of the main shaft to cause the main body to move. The movement of the holder in the circumferential direction can be prevented, and the holder can be integrally attached to the main shaft. When removing from the main shaft, pull out the locking member to disengage the rotation stop claw from the engaging recess, and then rotate the main body in the circumferential direction in that state, the stop claw will disengage from the locking part and the holder will be removed from the main shaft. be able to.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, drawings showing an example of the present application will be described. 1 to 6, 1 is a spindle in a machine tool, and 2 is a holder for mounting an object to be held 3 such as a cutting tool or a workpiece on the spindle 1.

Next, in the main spindle 1 shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, reference numeral 4 is a hollow portion having an opening 4 ′ at its tip, and one end side 1 ′ of the main spindle 1 is provided.
Is formed by a long hole in the axial direction. 5
Is a receiving surface, and 6 is a locking portion protrudingly provided on the outer periphery near the tip, and by forming an annular groove 7 on the outer periphery of the spindle 1 as shown in FIG. It is formed on the outer periphery of the main shaft 1 between the surface 5 and the surface 5. Denoted at 8 is a claw passage groove, which is formed at one position around one end 1'of the main shaft or at two or more positions at which the circumference is equally divided. Reference numeral 9 is an engaging recess formed at the tip, which is formed at the same place as the claw passage groove 8,
One or more may be provided at a location different from the claw passage groove 8.

Next, in the holder 2, 11 indicates a main body, 12 on one end side of the main body 11 is an insertion portion, and 13 on the other end side is a mounting portion of the held object 3 Show. Reference numeral 14 denotes an abutting portion provided around the main body 11 at a position adjacent to the base portion 12 'of the inserting portion 12, 15 denotes an engaging member fixed to the abutting portion, and 16 denotes an axis of the main body 11 on the outer periphery of the main body 11. A latching member 17 is provided in a state in which it can freely move back and forth in a direction and is restricted from moving in a circumferential direction, and 17 is used when the held object 3 is mounted on the mounting portion 13 of the main body 11. An example of a known fastener is shown. 1
Reference numerals 8 and 19 denote a rotation stopping means attached to the main body 11 so as to prevent relative rotation of the held object 3 and a positioning means attached to the main body 11 for positioning the insertion position of the held object 3. Each of the known examples is shown.

Next, 20 in the insertion portion 12 is an introduction portion, and has an outer diameter smaller than the hole diameter of the hollow portion 4 so that it can be easily inserted into the hollow portion 4. A fitting portion 21 has an outer diameter corresponding to the hole diameter of the hollow portion 4 so that it can be inserted into the hollow portion 4 exactly.

Next, 23 in the mounting portion 13 is a collet fitting hole, and 24 is a screw portion. Next, the abutting part that is protruding in the radial direction
Numeral 25 in 14 is the present surface, and is formed so as to be able to abut against the receiving surface 5 of the main shaft 1 in the state of FIG. 7 in which the insertion portion 12 is inserted into the hollow portion 4.

Next, in the engaging member 15, 27 is a base material located on the outer periphery of the contact portion 14, which allows a slight advance / retreat in the axial direction of the main body 11. Reference numeral 28 shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 14, a long hole is formed in the main body 11 in the axial direction. Reference numeral 30 is an annular engaging piece provided at one end of the base material 27, 32 is a take-out piece integrally provided at the other end of the base material 27, and 34 is a take-out piece as shown in FIG. When the insertion portion 12 of the main body 11 is inserted into the hollow portion 4, the detent pawls projecting from the tip end portion of 32 toward the outer peripheral surface of the insertion portion 12 pass through the pawl passage groove 8 of the main shaft 1. Has been formed. Reference numeral 35 denotes an engaging surface inside the detent claw 34, which is the current surface as shown in FIG.
It is formed so that it can be locked to the locking surface 6a of the locking portion 6 while the 25 is in contact with the receiving surface 5 of the main shaft 1. Reference numeral 36 shown in FIG. 13 is a guide surface, which is formed so as to obliquely face the edge portion 6a 'of the engaging surface 6a of the main shaft 1. Next, reference numeral 29 shown in FIG. 4 is a restriction pin that is planted on the outer periphery of the contact portion 14, and is positioned in the restriction hole 28 as shown in FIGS. The movement width of the coupling member 15 in the advancing / retreating direction is restricted to a minimum, whereby the engaging member 15 is substantially fixed to the main body 11. Reference numeral 31 denotes an annular rubber elastic body interposed between the annular engaging piece 30 and the abutting portion 14 (which may be constituted by a disc spring or the like), and the base material 27 is attached to the main body 11 of the main body 11. It is biased in the removal direction (rightward in Fig. 1).

Next, in the hooking member 16, 39 is an operating portion that is loosely fitted to the outer periphery of the main body 11 so as to be movable in the axial direction, and has a spring seat 40 in part. Reference numeral 43 is a rotation stopping claw protruding from the operation portion 39 in a direction parallel to the insertion direction of the insertion portion 12. The base of the rotation stopping claw 43 is located in a notch groove 45 formed in the contact portion 14 of the main body 11 as shown in FIG. 4, and the movement of the main body 11 in the circumferential direction is prevented. . Although the rotation stopping claw 43 is provided at a distance of 90 degrees with respect to the detent claw 34 in the circumferential direction, the angle of the separation may be larger or smaller than 90 degrees. 41 and 42 are members related to the hook member 16 and
1 is a retaining ring for a spring fixed to the outer periphery of the main body 11, 42 is a spring interposed between the spring seat 40 and the retaining ring 41, and the rotation stop claw 43 is inserted into the insertion portion 12. It is for urging in the direction. The base portion of the rotation stopping claw 43 is also located in the engaging groove 44 formed in the engaging piece 30 of the engaging member 15 as shown in FIG. The rotation of the member 15 is prevented.

The fastener 17 has the same structure as that disclosed by the above publication, but in this, 46 is a collet, 47 is a rotating ring, 48 is a steel ball, and 49 is a threaded portion.
The tightening cap screwed to 24 is shown. The fastener is
Other well-known structures may be used.

In the rotation stopping means 18, 50 is a key groove, 51 is a key, and 52 is a key.
Is a rotation stopper having an engagement groove 52a, which is locked by a key 51. In the positioning means 19, 53 is a female screw portion, 54 is an adjusting screw body screwed to the female screw portion 53, and receives the rotation stopping body 52.

The use of the above configuration will be described step by step. When attaching the held object 3 to the main shaft 1, first, the held object 3 is attached to the mounting portion 13 of the main body 11 of the holding tool 2 and is fastened with the fasteners 17. After that, from the state shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the insertion portion 12 of the holder 2 is inserted into the hollow portion 4 of the main shaft 1, and as shown in FIG. 12 which is an enlarged view of an arrow XII portion in FIG. The detent claw 34 of the mating member 15 is inserted into the claw passage groove 8. Then, as shown in FIG. 12, the contact surface 25 of the contact portion 14 is brought into contact with the receiving surface 5 of the spindle 1. When the contact surface 25 is brought into contact with the receiving surface 5 in this way,
As shown in the figure, the rotation stopping claw 43 of the hooking member 16 contacts the receiving surface 5 and is pushed back against the urging force of the spring 42. When the contact surface 25 is brought into contact with the receiving surface 5 as described above,
As shown in the figure, the edge of the guide surface 36 of the detent claw 34 faces the edge 6a 'of the locking surface 6a of the main shaft 1. Next, when the holder 2 is rotated with respect to the main shaft 1, the guide surface 36 of the detent claw 34 moves to the first position.
It moves as shown by the arrow a in FIG. 13 to come into contact with the edge 6a ′ of the engaging surface 6a of the main shaft 1 and further rotates to guide the detent claw 34 into the annular groove 7 as shown by the arrow b. As a result, the engagement piece 30 compresses the elastic body 31 as shown in FIG. 14, and the base material 27 moves to the main shaft side. As a result, the engaging surface of the detent claw 34
As shown by the phantom line in FIG. 13 and FIG. 14, 35 engages with the engaging surface 6a of the engaging portion 6, and the abutting surface 25 of the abutting portion 14 is securely pressed against the receiving surface 5 of the spindle 1. It When the holder 2 is rotated with respect to the main shaft 1 as described above, the hooking member 16 is rotated during the rotation.
As shown in FIG. 10, the rotation stopping claw 43 of the engaging recess 9 of the main shaft 1
It is fitted by the elastic force of the spring 42 (Figs. 9 and 10).
As shown in the figure, the operation unit 39 moves to the spindle side). As a result, the rotation of the holder 2 with respect to the main shaft 1 is blocked, and the holder 2
Is integral with the spindle 1.

Next, after the holder 2 is attached to the main spindle 1 as described above, as is well known, a machining operation is performed, that is, when the held object 3 is a blade, the main spindle 1 is rotated to rotate the blade. Process the work piece. In this case, the holding surface 2 of the holder 2 is pressed against the receiving surface 5 of the main shaft 1 to eliminate the gap between the two, and the relative rotation of the holder 2 with respect to the main shaft 1 is prevented, so that the held object is held. The object 3 can be completely integrated with the main shaft 1 and the processing accuracy of the held object 3 can be increased.

Next, when detaching the holder 2 from the main shaft 1, first, the operating portion 39 of the latching member 16 is resisted against the spring 42, and the operation portion 39 shown in FIGS.
The rotation stop claw 43 is moved out of the engagement recess 9 by moving it to the right in the figure. In this state, the main body 11 is rotated in the left-right direction to remove the detent claw 34 from the position facing the locking surface 6a of the main shaft 1 (facing the claw passage groove 8). After that, the insertion portion 12 is lightly pulled out from the hollow portion 4 of the main shaft 1.

Next, when the main shaft 1 is manufactured, an annular groove 7 is formed in the outer periphery near the tip of the main shaft 1 to form the locking portion 6, a notch-shaped claw passage groove 8 is formed, and The engaging recess 9 is formed in a part of the receiving surface 5 at the tip of the main shaft 1, and it is possible to adapt the mounting of the holder 2 with a configuration that is extremely easy to process.

Next, FIGS. 15 to 17 show different examples of the engaging member in the holder, and the engaging member 15e is the contact portion 14e of the main body 11e.
The take-out piece 32e is made of a thin metal and has elasticity so that it can be bent in the radial direction. Further, the guide surface 36e and the engagement surface 35e of the detent claw 34e are formed to be inclined with respect to the surface orthogonal to the axis of the main shaft 1e, and the locking surface 6ae of the locking portion 6e is also in the corresponding direction. It is formed to be inclined. In this example, the holding claw 34e of the holder 2e is attached to the main shaft 1 as shown by an imaginary line in FIG.
In the state of being engaged with the locking surface 6ae of e, the take-out piece 32e bends as shown in FIG. 17, and the restoring force keeps the pressing surface 25e of the main shaft against the receiving surface 5e.

In addition, parts that are considered to be the same or equivalent in configuration to those in the previous figure in terms of function are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in the previous figure with the letter e added to omit redundant description.

[Effect of device]

As described above, according to the present invention, when the holder 2 is mounted on the spindle 1, the main body 11 is mounted on the spindle 1 with the insertion portion 12 of the body 11 of the holder 2 being pushed into the hollow portion 4 of the spindle 1. When rotated with respect to each other, the contact portion 14 contacts the tip of the main shaft 1, the detent pawl 34 engages with the locking portion 6 of the main shaft 1, and the rotation stop pawl 43.
There is a convenience that the main body 11 is integrated with the main shaft 1 by engaging with the engaging recess 9 of the main shaft 1.

Further, even if the holder 2 can be integrally attached to the main shaft 1 as described above, when the holder 2 is detached from the main shaft 1, the hooking member 16 of the holder 2 is pulled and the main body 11 is removed. The rotation stop claw 43 of the latch member 16 is disengaged from the engagement recess 9 of the main shaft 1 and the detent claw 34 of the engagement member 14 is also locked by the main shaft 1 only by rotating the main shaft 1 with respect to the main shaft 1. It is convenient to get out of the section 6.

In addition, as described above, the holder 2 can be attached to or detached from the main shaft 1 and can be integrated with the main shaft 1 without rattling in the axial direction in the attached state.
The configuration required for the hollow main spindle 1 manufactured by a machine tool maker different from that of the manufacturer is extremely simple, such as providing the engaging portion 6 at the tip of the exposed portion and providing the engaging recess 9. Since the structure can be put to practical use, it is extremely effective in simplifying the manufacture of the hollow spindle 1 which has been a problem in the conventional technique.

[Brief description of drawings]

The drawings show the embodiments of the present application. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an external view of a part of a holder and a main shaft before being attached to the main shaft, and FIG. 2 is an external view of a part of FIG. II-II line sectional view shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the spindle, and FIG. 4 is IV-IV of FIG.
5 is a sectional view taken along line V-V in FIG. 1, FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line VI-VI in FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing an external view, FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VIII-VIII showing a part of the external view of FIG. 7, and FIG. Fig. (Partial view), Fig. 10 shows an external view of a part of Fig. 9 X-
X-ray sectional view (partial view), FIG. 11 is a plan view (partial view) showing the holder and the spindle in a mounting completed state, and FIG. 12 is an arrow in FIG.
Fig. 13 is an enlarged view of the XII part, Fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view (cross-sectional view taken along the line XIII-XIII in Fig. 12) for explaining the engagement process of the detent claw with the locking portion, and Fig. 14 is the arrow XIV part in Fig. 9. FIG. 15 is an enlarged view of FIG. 15, a view similar to FIG. 12 showing a different example of the engaging member, FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XVI-XVI of FIG. 15, and FIG. The figure which shows the same state as FIG. 1 ... spindle, 2 ... holding tool, 3 ... holding object, 6 ... locking part, 9 ... engaging recess, 11 ... main body, 12 ... inserting part, 13
...... Mounting part, 14 …… Abutting part, 15 …… Engagement member, 16 …… Latch member, 34 …… Stop claw, 43 …… Rotation stop claw.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A main body is provided at one end thereof with an insertion portion capable of being inserted into a hollow portion of a spindle of a machine tool,
In a holder provided with a mounting portion for mounting an object to be held on the other end side of the main body, at a position adjacent to the insertion portion in the main body, the insertion portion is inserted in the hollow portion of the main shaft. An abutting portion that protrudes in the radial direction is integrally provided so as to abut the tip of the main shaft, and an annular engaging member is arranged around the abutting portion so as to be movable back and forth in the axial direction. The engaging member engages with a locking portion which is provided in an outer periphery near the tip of the main shaft in a state where the insertion portion is inserted into the hollow portion of the main shaft and the contact portion is in contact with the tip of the main shaft. An inward stopping claw for fitting is fixedly provided, and an inwardly projecting annular engaging piece is provided on the side opposite to the stopping claw, and the engaging piece and the abutting portion are connected to each other. An elastic body for interposing the detent claw with the locking portion is interposed between the detent claw and the engagement portion. In the state, the latching member having the rotation stopping claw for fitting into the engaging recess provided at the tip of the main shaft can freely move back and forth in the axial direction of the main body and move in the circumferential direction. Is a holder provided in a regulated state.