JPH0744953B2 - Multifunctional anesthesia machine - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an anesthesia machine capable of sufficiently exhibiting easy operability and high functionality.

“Prior Art” As is well known, an anesthesia machine includes a gas supply unit that supplies anesthesia gas in which laughing gas (N ₂ O) and oxygen gas (O ₂ ) are mixed,
And a breathing circuit section that appropriately sends the gas supplied from the gas supply section to the patient. Conventionally, a circulation type breathing circuit is usually used for the breathing circuit section, but it is small and lightweight, and functionally the dead space and dead space effect can be minimized or an appropriate dead space can be arbitrarily set. In this way, the accuracy of the circuit can be remarkably improved, safety is ensured, the range of application is expanded, and an anesthesia machine using a double-tube breathing circuit that can significantly improve the economical efficiency of anesthetic gas is also provided. (Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-35668).

This anesthesia machine, as shown in FIG.
It is composed of a breathing circuit section 2. The gas supply unit 1 and the breathing circuit unit 2 are connected by a single connecting pipe 3.

This connecting pipe 3 is used as the anesthetic gas supply pipe 4 in the gas supply unit 1.
And oxygen rapid supply pipe 5. A vaporizer 6 is provided in the middle of the one anesthetic gas supply pipe 4, and a flow meter 7 is connected to the end of the vaporizer 6. The flowmeter 7 is divided into _two, and the flow rates of oxygen gas (O ₂ ) and laughing gas (N ₂ O) can be measured. Each has a cylinder or a medical gas pipe facility of a hospital. It is connectable. The other oxygen rapid supply pipe 5 is connected to a supply pipe connecting the O ₂ pipe of the flowmeter 7 and a gas source, and a flash valve 8 is attached in the middle thereof.

On the other hand, in the breathing circuit section 2, the connecting pipe 3 is connected to a pipe line 10 which constitutes a circulation circuit together with a double-pipe type breathing circuit 9. An exhalation valve 11 is provided near the upstream end of the pipeline 10, and an intake valve 12 is provided near the downstream end thereof. Further, a breathing bag 13 and a pop-off valve 14 and a CO ₂ absorber 15 are provided between the exhalation valve 11 and the connecting portion of the connecting pipe 3 of the conduit 10.

The double-pipe type breathing circuit 9 is composed of an inner pipe 16 connected to the downstream end of the pipe 10 and an outer pipe 17 connected to the upstream end of the pipe 10. An endotracheal tube 18 is attached to the tip of an outer tube 17 whose tip extends somewhat longer than the inner tube 16 for use. The inner pipe 16 is a flexible straight pipe made of vinyl chloride or the like, and the outer pipe 17 is
For example, a flexible plastic tube that is easily bent is used.

A pressure gauge 19 for measuring the internal pressure of the breathing circuit is provided near the exhalation valve 11.

Then, the anesthetic gas from the gas supply unit 1 is sent from the connecting pipe 3 to the patient through the inspiratory valve 12 of the conduit 10-the inner pipe 16 of the breathing circuit 9 and the endotracheal tube 18. Exhaled air from the patient passes through the passage between the outer tube 17 and the inner tube 16 of the breathing circuit 9 and is stored in the breathing bag 13 from the exhalation valve 11 and then enters the CO ₂ absorber 15 where only CO ₂ is stored. Are absorbed, and the remaining mixed gas passes through the inner tube 16 again to reach the patient from the endotracheal tube 18. Fresh gas is continuously supplied from the gas supply unit 1 to the circulation circuit through the connecting pipe 3. In addition, breathing bag
13 operates to temporarily store the exhaled air and send a part of it to the CO ₂ absorber 15, but most of the rest is operated as an excess gas from the pop-off valve 14 in the operating room or outdoors via the anesthetic gas exclusion device. Is discharged to.

"Problems to be Solved by the Invention" By the way, it has been found that the conventional anesthesia machine needs to solve the following problems in order to further improve the performance.

(B) If a double-tube breathing circuit is used, the breathing circuit itself can be used for various purposes such as a circulation circuit or a rebreathing type circuit that does not require a CO ₂ absorber. Can only be used as a circuit.

(B) It takes time and effort to adjust the operating pressure of the pop-off valve when the breathing bag is removed and the artificial respirator is attached to the breathing bag and when the artificial respiration is not performed.

(C) Since the connection port to the excess anesthetic gas elimination device is usually attached to the ventilator, a dedicated connection port to the excess anesthetic gas elimination device must be provided at the pop-off valve for spontaneous breathing. did not become.

(D) Since it is equipped with a CO ₂ absorber, a breathing bag, and a pressure gauge in the breathing circuit section, which is required to be small and lightweight in order to improve operability, it is heavy and bulky. Also,
The pressure gauge is hard to see.

[Means for Solving Problems] In the multifunctional anesthesia machine according to the present invention, a two-way switching valve is provided in a connecting pipe between the gas supply unit and the breathing circuit unit, and the breathing circuit unit is connected from this switching valve. Is connected to two pipes, and a first opening / closing valve is interposed in one of the connecting pipes of the two pipes, and a breathing circuit portion of the first opening / closing valve of this one connecting pipe. A pipe line connected to the oxygen gas source or the air source is connected to a second side via a second on-off valve, and a pop-off is provided on the one connecting pipe between the two-way switching valve and the first on-off valve. A discharge pipe having a valve and a breathing bag are connected to each other.

"Operation" According to the above configuration, the following operation and effect can be obtained.

(A) First, connect a circulating breathing circuit to one of the connecting pipes,
When one of the connecting pipes is made to communicate with each other by the two-way switching valve, the circulation type breathing circuit can be used only by providing the carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) absorber and the breathing valve, and the operability can be improved.

(B) The outer tube of the double-tube breathing circuit is connected to one of the connecting tubes, the inner tube of the double-tube breathing circuit is connected to the other of the connecting tube, and the other is connected by a two-way switching valve. If the tubes are in communication, the double-tube breathing circuit can be used directly without a breathing valve and CO ₂ absorber, which is convenient for children and newborns.

(C) Regardless of which breathing circuit is used, it can be used as a spontaneous breathing circuit or an artificial breathing circuit by switching between the first and second opening / closing valves and by appropriately using a pop-off valve and a breathing bag. it can. In addition, in switching and using each circuit, it is not necessary to adjust the operating pressure of the pop-off valve as in the conventional case, and switching and use in various modes is easy.

(D) Since the breathing bag and the pop-off valve can be placed in the area where the operation is required, the operability is good. Also, since the pressure gauge in the circuit can be separated at the same time,
Operability is further improved.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples.

"Embodiment" FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention, in which reference numeral 10 denotes a gas supply unit, and reference numeral 11 is composed of a circulation type breathing circuit 12 or a double-tube type breathing circuit 13. Reference numeral 14 denotes a breathing circuit unit, and reference numeral 14 denotes a connecting pipe connecting the gas supply unit 10 and the breathing circuit unit 11.

In the gas supply unit 10, the gas source is N ₂ O cylinder 15 or O ₂
A cylinder 16 or a medical gas pipe facility of a hospital can be used, and an N ₂ O connection port 17, an O ₂ connection port 18 and an air connection port 19 for the medical gas pipe facility are provided. Each gas from these is measured by the flow meter 20, passes through the carburetor 21, and flows into the connecting pipe 14 through the check valve 22. Incidentally, reference numeral 23 in the figure indicates an O ₂ flush valve,
This flush valve 23 allows O ₂ cylinder 16 or O ₂ connection port
This is for allowing the O ₂ gas from 18 to directly flow into the connection port 14.

The connection pipe 14 is provided with a two-way switching valve 24, and the connection pipe extending from the switching valve 24 to the breathing circuit section 11 has two conduits 14a and 14b. One connecting pipe 1
A first opening / closing valve 25 is interposed in 4a.
An exhaust pipe 26 having a pop-off valve 26a is connected between the switch valve 24 and the switching valve 24. A capacitor 28 operated by an electro-pneumatic converter 27 and an exhaust valve 30 operated by an electro-pneumatic converter 29 are attached to the exhaust pipe 26, and the gas exhausted from the pop-off valve 26a is exhausted. It is designed to be discharged through the valve 30. This outlet can be connected to a device for removing excess anesthetic gas. Further, a breathing bag 31 is connected to the same portion of the one connecting pipe 14a to which the exhaust pipe 26 is connected via the connecting pipe. A pipe 32 having a second opening / closing valve 32a on the breathing circuit section 11 side of the first opening / closing valve 25 and connected to the exhaust pipe 26.
Are connected. Further, a pressure gauge 33 for measuring the internal pressure of the breathing circuit is attached near the connecting portion of the pipe 32. The first on-off valve 25 and the second on-off valve 32a are valves that are operated by gas pressure, and are opened and closed by receiving O ₂ gas or air supplied by electromagnetic valves 34 and 35, respectively. It is like this. These solenoid valves 34, 35 and the electro-pneumatic converter 27, the electro-pneumatic converter 29
The supply of O ₂ gas is performed through the pipe 36.

The breathing circuit unit 11 can use both the circulation type breathing circuit 12 and the double tube type breathing circuit 13, and the connecting tubes 14a, 1 are appropriately used.
Used by connecting to 4b. The connection in the case of the circulation type breathing circuit 12 is performed by connecting the one flow pipe 37 to the one connection pipe 14a. The other double-tube breathing circuit 13 is connected by connecting its outer tube 13b to one connecting tube 14a and connecting its inner tube 13a to the other connecting tube 14b.

The circulation type breathing circuit 12 used in the present invention includes an intake valve 39 and an exhalation valve in a circulation line 38 connected to the flow pipe 37.
40 and the CO ₂ absorber 41 are provided in a simple structure, and the pop-off valve, the breathing assistance bag and the pressure gauge, which have been conventionally required, have the same operability and visibility as described above. Since it is provided in the connecting pipe 14, it can be omitted.

Next, the use of the multifunctional anesthesia machine having the above structure will be described. First, in the case of using the circulation type breathing circuit 12 in the breathing circuit section 11, it is a method of use in the state of spontaneous breathing.

As shown in FIG. 2, first, the one-way connecting pipe 14a is brought into a flow state by the two-way switching valve 24, the other connecting pipe 14b is closed, and the first on-off valve 25 is also opened. If gas is supplied in this state, the gas will be connected to one of the connecting pipes.
It is stored in the breathing bag 31 through 14a, enters the circulation pipe 37 of the circulation type breathing circuit 12, is inhaled by the patient through the inspiration valve 39, and the exhalation of the patient passes through the exhalation valve 40 to the CO ₂ absorber 41. enter. The gas from which CO ₂ has been removed passes through the flow pipe 37 and is stored in the breathing bag 31. Further, the surplus gas passes through the flow pipe 37 and one of the connecting pipes 14a, enters the exhaust pipe 26 through the pop-off valve 26a, and is exhausted outside the system through the capacitor 28 and the exhaust valve 30. From here, it is possible to connect to an excess anesthetic gas scavenger.

Next, the case of artificial respiration, which is also performed using the circulation type breathing circuit 12, will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b).

As shown in FIG. 3 (a), first, in the case of intake air, one of the connecting pipes 14a is made to be in a non-communication state by the first opening / closing valve 25, and the second opening / closing valve 32a is opened to connect the pipe 32. Open. In this state, pipe O ₂ gas or air 36 → electro-pneumatic converter
27 → Capacitor 28 → Second on-off valve 32a → Supply to distribution pipe 37 through pipe 32. The supplied gas is sent to the patient via the intake valve 39.

Next, in the case of exhalation, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), contrary to the case of exhalation, the first opening / closing valve 25 is opened and one of the connecting pipes 14a is opened to open the second pipe. Piping by closing the on-off valve 32a
Disable 32. In this state, connect the gas with an appropriate flow rate
If it flows to 14, the patient's exhalation is the exhalation valve 40 of the circulation type breathing circuit 12.
→ CO ₂ absorber 41 → Pipe 37 → Exhaust pipe 26 through first open / close valve 25 and pop-off valve 26a → Capacitor 2
8 → It is discharged to the outside of the system through the exhaust valve 30. From here, it is possible to connect to an excess anesthetic gas scavenger.

Next, the use of the other double-tube breathing circuit 13 for the breathing circuit unit 11 will be described. First, how to use it in the state of spontaneous breathing.

As shown in FIG. 4, first, the two-way switching valve 24 brings the other connecting pipe 14b into a flow state, the other connecting pipe 14a is closed, and the first opening / closing valve 25 is also opened. If gas is supplied in this state, the gas will be connected to the other connecting pipe.
14b through the inner tube 13a of the double-tube breathing circuit 13 and sent to the patient, the patient's exhalation enters the one connecting tube 14a from the outer tube 13b and is stored in the breathing bag 31, and the pop-off valve It enters the exhaust pipe 26 via 26a, and is exhausted to the outside of the system through the capacitor 28 and the exhaust valve 30. From here it can be connected to an anesthesia gas evacuator.

Next, the case of artificial respiration, which is also performed using the double-tube respiration circuit 12, will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b).

As shown in FIG. 5 (a), first, in the case of intake air, one of the connecting pipes 14a is placed in a non-conductive state by the first opening / closing valve 25, and the second opening / closing valve 32a is opened to connect the pipe 32. Open. In this state, pipe O ₂ gas or air 36 → electro-pneumatic converter
27 → capacitor 28 → second on-off valve 32a → supplied to the outer tube 13b of the double-tube breathing circuit 13 through the pipe 32. on the other hand,
The gas supplied via the connecting pipe 14a flows into the other connecting pipe 14b via the two-way switching valve 24, and is supplied to the inner pipe 13a of the double-pipe breathing circuit 13. Thus the inner tube 1
The gas supplied in synchronization with 3a and the outer tube 13b is sent to the patient at the same time.

Next, in the case of exhalation, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), contrary to the case of inhalation, the first opening / closing valve 25 is opened and one of the connecting pipes 14a is opened to open the second pipe. Piping by closing the on-off valve 32a
Disable 32. In this state, if gas is made to flow into the connecting pipe 14,
The supply gas is supplied to the patient from the two-way switching valve 24 → the other connecting pipe 14b through the inner pipe 13a, and the patient's exhalation is the outer pipe 13b
→ Exhaust to the outside of the system through the first opening / closing valve 25, the exhaust pipe 26 → the capacitor 28 → the exhaust valve 30 via the pop-off valve 26a. From here, it is possible to connect to an excess anesthetic gas scavenger.

In each of the above usage modes, it is not necessary to adjust the operating pressure of the pop-off valve 26a in order to cause the operation.

"Effects of the Invention" As described above, according to the multifunctional anesthesia machine of the present invention, the following excellent actions and effects can be obtained.

(A) First, connect a circulating breathing circuit to one of the connecting pipes,
When one of the connecting pipes is made to communicate with each other by the two-way switching valve, the circulation type breathing circuit can be used only by providing the carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) absorber and the breathing valve, and the operability can be improved.

(B) The outer tube of the double-tube breathing circuit is connected to one of the connecting tubes, the inner tube of the double-tube breathing circuit is connected to the other of the connecting tube, and the other is connected by a two-way switching valve. If the tubes are in communication, the double-tube breathing circuit can be used directly without a breathing valve and CO ₂ absorber, which is convenient for children and newborns.

(C) It can be used both as a spontaneous breathing circuit and as an artificial breathing circuit.
There is no need to adjust the operating pressure of the pop-off valve as in the past, and it is easy to switch between various modes. Also,
Excessive anesthesia gas elimination device can be used in common.

(D) Since the breathing bag and the pop-off valve can be placed in the area where the operation is required, the operability is good. Also, since the pressure gauge in the circuit can be separated at the same time,
Operability is further improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an embodiment of a multifunctional anesthesia machine according to the present invention, and FIGS. 2 to 5 (a) and (b) are configurations showing a usage state of the multifunctional anesthesia machine of the invention, respectively. FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing an example of a conventional anesthesia machine. 10 ... Gas supply unit, 11 ... Breathing circuit unit, 12 ... Circulation type breathing circuit, 13 ... Double pipe type breathing circuit, 14 ... Connection pipe, 14a
...... One connecting pipe, 14b ...... Other connecting pipe, 15 …… N ₂ O cylinder, 16 …… O ₂ cylinder, 17 …… N ₂ O connection port, 18 …… O ₂ connection port, 20 …… Flow meter, 21 …… Vaporizer, 22 …… Check valve, 23
…… O ₂ flush valve, 24 …… 2-way switching valve, 25 ……
First on-off valve, 26a ... Pop-off valve, 26 ... Exhaust pipe, 2
7 …… Electro-pneumatic converter, 28 …… Capacitor, 29 …… Electro-pneumatic converter, 30 …… Exhaust valve, 31 …… Breathing support bag, 32 ……
Piping, 32a ... Second on-off valve, 33 ... Pressure gauge, 34,35 ...
… Solenoid valve, 36 …… Piping, 37 …… Flow pipe, 38 …… Circulating line, 39 …… Intake valve, 40 …… Exhalation valve, 41 …… CO ₂ absorber.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A circulation type breathing circuit having a gas supply unit for measuring the flow rate of each gas from a laughing gas source, an oxygen gas source and an air source and supplying an anesthetic gas of a predetermined concentration, and a carbon dioxide gas absorber or a dual type. And a breathing circuit unit configured to appropriately send the gas supplied from the gas supply unit through the connecting pipe to the patient, the connecting pipe being provided with a two-way switching valve,
The connecting pipe from the switching valve to the breathing circuit section is made into two pipe lines, and the first opening / closing valve is interposed in one of the connecting pipes of the two pipe line portions, and the connecting pipe of the first pipe is connected to the first pipe. A pipe line connected to the oxygen gas source or the air source is connected to the breathing circuit section side of the first on-off valve via a second on-off valve, and between the two-way switching valve and the first on-off valve. A multi-function type anesthesia machine, wherein a discharge pipe having a pop-off valve and a breathing bag are connected to the one of the connecting pipes.