JPH0744448Y2 - Vice - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to a fixing means for a workpiece.

[Conventional technology]

There is a vise as a fixing means that is often used when fixing a workpiece and performing machining, etc., but it is often used especially in situations where various kinds of machining are repeatedly and accurately performed on a machine tool such as a machining center. ing. A conventional technique for such a vise will be described below. FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of a vise which is an example of the prior art, and FIG. 7 is a front view showing conventional through hole processing.

First, the structure of this vise will be described. In FIG. 6, reference numeral 670 is a table which is a base of the vise, and the upper and lower two bodies aligned in a plane are fixed by bolts (not shown). Reference numeral 613 is a screwing shaft hole which is centered on the mating surface of the table 670 and which is formed at a predetermined pitch and penetrates in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface. Reference numeral 620 denotes a screw fixing shaft which is rotatably inserted into the screw fixing shaft hole 613.
A screw hole for an adjusting screw described later passes through the center of 0. At one end of the table 670, a fixed block (not shown) having a pressing surface that presses and clamps a workpiece is fixed together with a movable block described later.

601 is a movable block, and this movable block 601 is composed of a movable block body of 610 which is a main body, a spherical washer of 650, and an adjusting screw of 659. The movable block body 610 has a leg portion that fits and slides in a parallel groove formed in a direction perpendicular to the central screw-fastening shaft hole 613 direction on the table 670, and the front surface facing the fixed block is There are 642 pressing surfaces perpendicular to the upper surface of the table 670 for pressing the work piece, and 641 for receiving the spherical washer 650 rotatably in the center of the inclined surface portion that connects the upper surface and the back surface of the movable block body 610. A spherical seat is formed, and inside the movable block body 610, an adjusting screw 659 penetrating from the central portion of the spherical seat 641 via the spherical washer 650 is provided.
An escape hole is formed so that it can be pivoted with respect to the center of the spherical surface. Examples of prior art having such a structure include, for example, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 62-172564 and Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 50-
No. 44601 is disclosed.

Next, a method of fixing the workpiece with this vise will be described.
First, the workpiece is placed on the table 670 between the fixed block and the movable block 601. The movable block 601 is slid to the fixed block side while sandwiching the workpiece,
Insert the work piece between both blocks. Then, the tip screw portion of the adjusting screw 659 is inserted into the screw hole of the screw fixing shaft 620 near the fixed block inserted in the table 670, and the screw is tightened. The movable block body 610 is brought closer to the fixed block side by tightening the adjusting screw 659, and at the same time, is brought into close contact with the surface of the table 670, so that the pressing surface 642 presses the workpiece and fixes it on the table 670.

When fixing a workpiece with a large difference in fixing dimensions with such a vise, it is necessary to completely remove the tip screw part of the adjusting screw 659 from the screw fixing shaft 620 and retighten it to another screw fixing shaft 620. Therefore, it was not possible to quickly attach and detach the processed product.

On the other hand, a vise for facilitating attachment and detachment of a workpiece has been devised, and there is a vise disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 62-19169. This is to press and fix the work piece on the main body by a fixed jaw on the vise main body and a movable jaw supported by a screw on a jaw support base that moves on the main body. The lock claw that engages with the lock groove provided is formed. Further, there is a vise disclosed in JP-A-62-199367.
This vise is composed of a first jaw on the base body, a main body that moves on the base body, and a tightening portion that is fixed so as to apply a pressing force to the inclined surface of the main body by tightening a fixing screw. The work piece on the base body is pressed and fixed by the two jaws, and the base body and the main body are engaged with each other in a serrated shape.

As described above, by moving the movable side jaws in two stages, there is a type that corresponds to the size of the workpiece and enables quick attachment / detachment.

The processing of the through hole performed by the conventional vise as described above will be described. FIG. 7 is a front view for explaining a conventional through hole processing state. 670 is the base of the vise installed on the machine table, 660 is a fixed block, 601 is a movable block,
Reference numeral 602 denotes a workpiece, and 603 is a receiving plate placed on both blocks 660 and 601 so as to receive both ends of the workpiece 602. In such a configuration, when the through hole is processed, the receiving plate 603 must be changed to both sides, and the heights of both sides of the receiving plate 603 must be the same, which makes preparation for processing difficult. . Furthermore, the parallelism of the surfaces of the workpiece 602 that abut against the pressing surfaces of both blocks 660 and 601 and the squareness of those surfaces with respect to the bottom surface, the parallelism of the upper and lower surfaces of both receiving plates 603, and the height dimension are not always highly accurate. Since it has not been processed, the gap between the workpiece 602 and the pressing surfaces of the blocks 660 and 601 or the upper surface of the receiving plate 603 was likely to be slightly generated. Further, only one work piece can be set in order to securely fix it with a conventional vise.

Therefore, due to the processing force applied during processing of the through hole, the backing plate 60
3 moves, and the backing plate and tool 604 interfere and the tool
The 604 is likely to be damaged or defective.
There was a risk that 03 would fly and hit an operator, or an abnormality might occur when hitting a rotating part or a sliding part of a machine tool. Further, when it is attempted to continuously process a plurality of workpieces, a plurality of vices must be installed on the machine table, and there are problems of restrictions on installation space and labor for installation.

As an improvement of the configuration shown in FIG. 7, there is a vise having a structure disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 60-120768. That is, a reference surface and a pressing surface are respectively provided on the opposing surfaces of the vice mouthpiece, and the workpiece is clamped by tightening with a screw rod arranged below.

[Problems to be solved by the device]

The vise disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 60-120768 has an advantage that a through hole can be processed without requiring special preparation because a special backing plate does not have to be replaced under the work. However, since the screw rod is located below, when the screw rod is tightened, the pressing surface that clamps the work piece opens above it, making it difficult to hold the work piece accurately. It is difficult to obtain precise processing accuracy.
Further, the structure of the vise disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 60-120768 is complicated, and it cannot always be said that it is an effective precision vise.

The object of the present invention is to solve such a problem, and is easy to attach and detach for processing, suitable for processing through-holes, and moreover, it is possible to accurately hold the same, and It is to provide a precision vise with good reproducibility for processing.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a table having a T-groove formed on an upper surface thereof and a first table parallel to the upper surface of the table.
And a block having a second pressing surface above the first reference plane and perpendicular to the upper surface of the table, and a movable block composed of a movable block body and a movable mouthpiece. , The movable block body is slidably fixed along the T-groove, and the second base plane parallel to the upper surface of the table at the same height as the first base plane is fixed to the movable base. And a third pressing surface that is perpendicular to the upper surface of the table and that is slidably held on the second reference plane of the movable block body. The block side and the table side have an adjusting screw that exerts a tightening force in a direction in which a force component is directed, and the adjusting screw and the screw fastening portion hold the movable mouthpiece on the movable block body.

[Action]

The workpiece can be placed on the first and second reference planes of both blocks, clamped by the second and third pressing surfaces, and firmly fixed apart from the table surface. Further, by arranging the T grooves in a plurality of rows, it is possible to set a plurality of movable blocks and fix workpieces of various shapes or a plurality of workpieces at the same time.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view showing a cross section of an essential part of this embodiment, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of a movable block shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. Is a partial sectional view of the movable block shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the movable block shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 8 is a partial perspective view showing another embodiment of the fixed block, FIG. 9, FIG. The drawings are a front view and a plan view showing how to use the embodiment.

First, the configuration of the embodiment will be described. In FIGS. 1 and 2, 70 is a table having upper and lower surfaces that are parallel to each other and is a base of a vise. On the table 70, 72 T-grooves that are parallel to the side surfaces of the table 70 and have a predetermined space therebetween. Are formed in plural.

A fixed block 60 is fixed to one end on the table 70 with 69 bolts. The fixed block 60 has a first reference plane 61 parallel to the surface of the table 70 and a lower side of the first reference plane 61. A first pressing surface 63, which is located in the vertical direction and which is perpendicular to the direction of the T groove 72 for sandwiching a workpiece together with a movable block described later,
A second pressing surface 62, which is located above the first reference plane 61 and is perpendicular to the direction of a T groove 72 for holding a workpiece together with a movable block 1 which will be described later, is integrally formed.

Reference numeral 1 is a two-stage sliding type movable block which is guided by the T groove 72 and slides on the table 70 to be fixed at an arbitrary position and which is composed of 10 movable block bodies and 40 movable mouthpieces. .
The details of the movable block 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 30 fixed keys are fixed to the central key groove formed on the lower surface of the movable block body 10 by 39 screws. Since the fixed key 30 is guided by the T groove 72, the movable block body 10 can be moved to a desired position by the T groove 72, and is tightened with respect to the T-shaped key 71 inserted in the T groove 72. It is fixed to the table 70 by two 79 bolts that are inserted. The movable block body 10 has an upper surface parallel to the table 70 surface.
11 second reference planes are formed, and this second reference plane 11 is finished at the same height as the first reference plane 61 of the fixed block 60 and smooth. Reference numeral 12 denotes two parallel guide grooves formed on the second reference plane 11 in the direction of the fixed key 30. The side surface of the movable block body 10 near the fixed block 60 is perpendicular to the T groove 72 direction and parallel to the table 70 surface.
Thirteen through holes are formed. The through hole 13 rotatably supports 20 screwed shafts. This through hole 13 and screwing shaft 20
To form the screwed part. Reference numeral 21 denotes a screw hole formed in the center of the screw fixing shaft 20, and the tip screw portion of the adjusting screw 59 is screwed. An escape hole is formed in the central portion of the movable block body 10 so that the adjusting screw 59 can swing.

Reference numeral 40 denotes a movable mouthpiece, which is guided by the guide groove 12 and slidable on the second reference plane 11 in the direction of the T groove 72, and presses a workpiece perpendicular to the direction of the T groove 72. Has 42 third pressing surfaces for Reference numeral 41 denotes a spherical surface seat formed on the sloped surface of the upper portion of the movable base 40 opposite to the third pressing surface 42, and rotatably receives the spherical surface of 51 of the spherical washer 50. An escape hole is formed in the center of the spherical seat 41 so that the adjusting screw 59 can penetrate and swing. That is, the adjusting screw 59 is arranged so that the tightening force acts on the block side and the table side in the direction in which the force components are directed and is held.

In order to fix the movable base 40 to the movable block body 10, the spherical washer 50 is brought into contact with the spherical seat 41, and the tip of the adjusting screw 59 is passed through the spherical washer 50, the movable base 40, and the movable block body 10,
Insert up to the center of the screwed shaft 20 that is pivotally supported in the through hole 13. The tip of the adjusting screw 59 is screwed into the screw hole 21, and the movable mouthpiece 40 is fixed to the movable block body 10 at an inclination angle of θ with respect to the upper surface of the table.

Although the first reference plane 61 and the second pressing surface 62 are integrally formed on the fixed block 60 in the above embodiment, the fixed block 80 is formed on the T groove 72 as shown in FIG. Formed by two bodies of a fixed block body of 86 having a first pressing surface of vertical 83 and a first reference plane of 81 parallel to the table 70, and a fixed base of 84 having a second pressing surface of 82. You may. At that time, the rear surface of the fixed mouthpiece 84 is brought into contact with the ridge portion 86a formed on the upper surface of the fixed block body 86, and is fixed with a bolt. Further
It is also possible to accurately provide the positioning pieces of 85 on the ridges 86a at predetermined pitch intervals. The positioning piece 85 is a rectangular parallelepiped whose surfaces are accurately finished, and is effective when used as a reference for positioning the workpiece placed on the reference plane 81. The side surface of the fitting portion 86b, to which the positioning piece 85 formed on the ridge portion 86a is fitted, is formed at a right angle with respect to the first and second pressing surfaces 83 and 82 and the first reference plane 81 with high accuracy. The positioning piece 85 has a long hole formed therein and is fixed to the fitting portion 86b at appropriate positions with one bolt.

Next, a method of using the vise of the embodiment will be described. This vise is attached by machining a mounting hole in the table 70 in accordance with the T groove of the machine table of a machine tool such as a machining center or a jig grinder. As shown in FIG. 9, 2
The workpiece is mounted and fixed at both ends thereof on the fixed block 60 and the first and second reference planes 61 and 11 of the movable block body 10. At that time, the bolt 79 is temporarily loosened in advance and the movable block 1 is moved. Is moved on the table 70 according to the size of the workpiece 2, and the bolt 79 is tightened to fix it. Next tilt adjustment screw
By tightening 59, the third pressing surface 42 of the movable mouthpiece 40 is advanced to the workpiece 2 side. The adjusting screw 59 and the spherical washer 50 slightly rotate with respect to the center of the screw shaft 20 to tighten the workpiece 2 (the inclination angle θ slightly increases),
The workpiece 2 is the second of the fixed block 60 and the movable block 1,
It is firmly fixed between the third pressing surfaces 62 and 42. At this time,
The work 2 is pressed against the second reference plane 11 firmly while pressing the work 2 in the direction of the arrow in the figure by the action of the adjusting screw 59 with which the movable mouthpiece 40 is obliquely tightened. Does not rise from Therefore, various kinds of machining such as drilling and engraving can be stably performed with quick attachment / detachment of the work piece 2. For example, when the through hole is formed, the work piece 2 can be removed from the table surface of the vise. Since it is stably held on the reference plane at a high position, safe and highly accurate machining is possible.

When removing the fixed work piece, the adjusting bolt 59 of the movable block 1 configured in the two-step sliding type as described above.
It can be easily done just by loosening. Therefore, if the workpiece has the same size, the workpiece can be easily attached / detached only by loosening or tightening the adjusting bolt 59.

Movable block 1 for workpieces with sufficient thickness,
It is possible to use the first pressing surface 63 or 83 of the fixed block 60 or 80 by mounting the workpiece on the table surface in place of the one-step sliding type movable block (not shown) having the pressing surface on the front surface.

Further, by adding the movable block 1 to the position shown by the chain double-dashed line in FIG. 2, as shown in FIG. 10, a large work piece as shown by 3 is stably fixed by the plurality of movable blocks 1. It is also possible to fix workpieces of various shapes with a plurality of movable blocks 1, or to fix a plurality of workpieces such as 3 and 4 to one vise. Also, a plurality of workpieces can be pressed against the positioning piece 85 and fixed, and at that time, the reference position of the vise can be set once on the machine, and after that, the workpieces can be continuously processed. In such a case, the work piece can be easily attached and detached with high precision, so that a plurality of repetitive processes can be performed with high precision and quickly.

Further, as shown in FIG. 8, by forming a suitable size, for example, a V groove 84a or the like on the fixing base 84, it is possible to stably fix the disc-shaped workpiece 87 or the like. .

[Effect of device]

As described above, the vise of the present invention is suitable for processing through-holes without using a conventional support plate that serves as a pillow, and the structure of the vise can be relatively simple. Also, to attach and detach the work piece, it is enough to loosen only the movable mouthpiece,
Since it is not necessary to move each of the reference planes of the block and the movable block, which are the reference planes, attachment / detachment can be performed very accurately and reproducibly with respect to the height relationship and the flatness. Moreover, this attachment / detachment is not only accurate, but also quick and easy. Furthermore, since the force acts in the direction in which the force component is directed to the block side and the table side, the tightening force becomes strong, and thus the workpiece can be held stably. According to the invention, it has become possible to provide a precision vice called a precision system vice, which is versatile and has good workability.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 is a front view showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of a movable block shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view of the movable block shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the movable block shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a conventional example, and FIG. 7 is a front view showing a conventional through hole processing state. FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the fixing block, and FIGS. 9 and 10 are a front view and a plan view showing how to use the fixing block in the embodiment. 1 ... Movable block 10 ... Movable block body 11 ... Second reference plane 40 ... Movable mouthpiece 42 ... Third pressing surface 60 ... Fixed block 61, 81 ... First reference plane 62, 82 ...... Second pressing surface 63, 83 ...... First pressing surface 70 ...... Table 72 ...... T groove

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A table having a T groove formed on the upper surface thereof, a first reference plane parallel to the upper surface of the table, and the first reference plane.
Of a block having a second pressing surface which is located above the reference plane of the table and which is perpendicular to the upper surface of the table, and a movable block composed of a movable block body and a movable mouthpiece. A second reference surface that is slidably fixed along the groove and that is parallel to the upper surface of the table at the same height as the first reference plane; and a screwing portion that fixes the movable mouthpiece. The movable mouthpiece is slidably held on the second reference plane of the movable block body, and has a third pressing surface perpendicular to the upper surface of the table, the block side, and the third pressing surface. A vice characterized in that it has an adjusting screw on which a tightening force acts in a direction in which a force component is directed to the table side, and the movable mouthpiece is held on the movable block body by the adjusting screw and the screw fastening portion.