JPH0740070U - spanner - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Structure] The annular portion 2 is provided with an annular portion 2 that is fitted onto the cylindrical outer peripheral surface of the fastening member, and a handle portion 3 extending from the annular portion 2.
A cam surface 4 whose radial distance from the center gradually changes is formed at a plurality of positions in the circumferential direction of the inner circumference, cylindrical wedges 5 are arranged by engaging with the cam surfaces 4, and these needle rollers 5 are arranged in an annular portion. Retainers 6 are fitted and retained on the inner circumference of the retainer 2, respectively. [Effect] When the annular portion 2 is fitted onto the outer peripheral surface of the fastening member and the handle portion 3 is rotated, the cylindrical wedge 5 bites between the outer peripheral surface of the fastening member and the cam surface 4 where the radial distance gradually decreases,
The annular portion 2 and the fastening member are engaged and fixed in the rotation direction via the needle roller 5, and the fastening member having the cylindrical outer peripheral surface can be rotated.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention relates to a spanner which engages with a fastening member and rotates the same, and more particularly to a spanner which can be engaged with an outer peripheral surface of a fastening member having a cylindrical outer peripheral surface for rotational operation.

[0002]

[Prior art]

 BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, a spanner for rotating and tightening a fastening member such as a nut or a bolt is provided with an engaging portion corresponding to the shape of the fastening member, and the engaging portion is formed on an outer peripheral surface of the fastening member. It is configured to be engaged with the mating portion and to be rotated.

Further, for example, in the case of a tightening nut for a tool holder of a machine tool or a collet chuck, a plurality of engaged recesses and engaged grooves are formed on a cylindrical outer peripheral surface at equal intervals. Generally, a wrench for rotating this is constructed by extending the handle part from a hook part that has an arc shape along the outer peripheral surface of the tightening nut and that has an engaging part for the engaged recess and the engaged groove. Has been done.

[0004]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 However, in tool holders for machine tools that perform high-accuracy machining at high speeds, high-accuracy rotation balance is required, so the clamping nuts are formed on the outer peripheral surface at even intervals. Since the precision of the shape and size of the mating recess and the engaged groove is limited, it is difficult to achieve the desired high-precision rotation balance, which is an obstacle to improving the machining accuracy. There is.

Therefore, it is required to provide a wrench that can be rotationally operated by engaging with a tightening nut having a cylindrical outer peripheral surface having no engaged recess and no engaged groove.

In view of such a situation, an object of the present invention is to propose a spanner that can be rotationally operated by engaging with an outer peripheral surface of a fastening member having a cylindrical outer peripheral surface.

[0007]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention, if indicated by the reference numerals in the drawings, in claim 1, is fastened by engaging with the outer circumference of a fastening member having a cylindrical outer circumferential surface. A spanner for rotating a member is provided with an annular portion 2 that is fitted onto the outer periphery of a fastening member and a handle portion 3 that extends from the annular portion 2, and the center of the inner periphery of the annular portion 3 is provided at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction. A cam surface 4 having a gradual change in radial distance from is formed, and a needle roller 5 is arranged by engaging with each cam surface 4, and the needle roller 5 is fitted and held on the inner circumference of the annular portion 2 and is thus retained. In this case, the structure in which each of them is held at 6 is adopted.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the retainer 6 is provided with a holding portion 7 that holds the needle roller 5 in a state in which the needle roller 5 is urged outward in the radial direction of the annular portion 2. The configuration is adopted.

In addition, according to the third aspect, the handle portion 3 is integrally extended from the handle portion main body 12 and the annular portion 2 and inserted into the handle portion body 12 and is shaken on the handle portion body 12. An extension rod 11 that is movably pivotally supported, an engagement member 14 that is engageable with an engaged portion 13 provided at the tip of the extension rod 11 in the handle body 12, The spring 15 for urging the member 14 to engage with the engaged portion 13 is provided, and the configuration according to claim 1 is adopted.

[0010]

[Action]

 In the first aspect of the present invention, when the annular portion 2 is fitted onto the fastening member having the cylindrical outer peripheral surface and the handle portion 3 is rotated in the direction in which the radial distance of the cam surface 4 increases, the needle The roller 5 bites between the outer peripheral surface of the fastening member and the cam surface 4 where the radial distance is gradually reduced, and the annular portion 2 and the fastening member are engaged and fixed in the rotational direction via the needle roller 5 to rotate the fastening member. be able to.

In the second aspect, since the needle roller 5 is urged radially outward, it is stably arranged in a portion where the radial distance of the cam surface 4 is large in the natural state, and the annular portion 2 is fastened. There is no case where the needle roller 5 is caught when it is fitted onto the member and cannot be smoothly inserted.

In the third aspect, when the tightening torque of the fastening member reaches the set value and becomes larger than the spring pressure of the spring 15, the engagement between the engaged portion 13 and the engagement member 14 is resisted against the spring 15. It is possible to detect that the fitting state has been released, the annular part 2 swings around the pivot point, and the tightening torque has reached the set value. By stopping the tightening at this point, the tightening torque is securely tightened with proper tightening torque. it can.

[0013]

【Example】

 An embodiment of the wrench of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numeral 1 is a spanner, which is composed of an annular portion 2 and a handle portion 3 which are fitted onto the fastening member. As shown in detail in FIG. 3, on the inner circumference of the annular portion 2, as shown in detail in FIG. 3, there are formed cam surfaces 4 whose radial distance from the center of the annular portion 2 gradually changes. Needle roller 5 is arranged so as to engage with. These needle rollers 5 are respectively held by retainers 6 fitted and held on the inner circumference of the annular portion 2. The retainer 6 accommodates and holds the needle roller 5, and is formed with a holding portion 7 having an opening through which a part of the needle roller 5 protrudes, and the needle roller 5 accommodated at the opening edge portion 7a thereof. Is urged slightly outward in the radial direction. The retainer 6 is held by the annular portion 2 by being sandwiched by a locking ring 8 fitted in a collar 2a on one side of the annular portion 2 and a ring groove 2b on the other side.

An extension rod 11 is integrally extended from the outer peripheral surface of the annular portion 2, and the extension rod 11 is inserted into the handle body 12 to form a handle portion 3. The extending rod 11 is pivotally supported by a pivot shaft 20 at the front end of the handle body 12. In the handle body 12, an engaging member 14 that engages with an engaged portion 13 provided at the tip of the extension rod 11 and an engaging member 14 are attached toward the engaged portion 13. A biasing spring 15 and a spring pressure adjusting member 16 for adjusting the spring pressure of the spring 15 are provided.

As shown in FIG. 2, the handle portion main body 12 has a flattened tubular connecting arm portion 12a formed at a front portion thereof and a cylindrical grip portion 12b formed at a rear portion thereof. As shown in FIG. 7, the extending rod 11 is inserted with a margin so that the extending rod 11 can swing into the rectangular space 18 of the connecting arm portion 12a, the engaging member 14 is disposed so as to face the tip thereof, and the grip portion 12b is provided. A spring 15 and a spring pressure adjusting member 16 are arranged in the circular space 19.

As shown in FIG. 4, the engaged portion 13 is formed on both sides of the arcuate cam surface 13a, which is recessed in the center of the tip end surface of the extending rod 11, and is continuous with the arcuate cam surface 13a. It is composed of an inclined cam surface 13b and a vertical cam surface 13c.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the engaging member 14 is formed on a sliding block 21 slidably arranged on the bottom surface of the rectangular space 18 and an inclined front surface 21 a of the sliding block 21. The shaft portions 23a, 23a, which are fitted into the recessed portion 22 and project from both end surfaces thereof, are fitted into the arcuate concave bearing surface 24 formed on the inclined front surface 21a, and the arcuate cam surface 13a of the engaged portion 13 is engaged. The engaging roller 23 that is engaged with the sliding block 21 is fitted into the recess 25 formed in the upper surface 21b of the sliding block 21, and the shaft portions 26a and 26a projecting from both end surfaces thereof are formed on the upper surface 21b. The floating prevention roller 26 is fitted into the arcuate concave bearing surface 27 and abuts on the ceiling surface of the rectangular space 18. The engaging roller 23 engages with the arcuate cam surface 13a to extend the rod. 11 and The handle body 12 and the handle body 12 are maintained substantially on the coaxial line A (state in FIG. 1). Of course, at the time of this normal engagement, the axis of the extension rod 11 and the axis of the handle body 12 may be formed so as to be broken at the engagement point as a boundary in manufacturing.

As shown in FIG. 1, the spring 15 is projectingly provided on the rear end surface of the sliding block 21 and movably penetrates a partition wall 29 that partitions the rectangular space 18 and the circular space 19 of the handle body 12 from each other. It is arranged between the spring seat 31 that fits into the small-diameter portion 30a of the support rod 30 and the spring adjusting member 16, and the engaging roller 23 is brought into pressure contact with the arcuate cam surface 13a to extend the extension rod 11. And the handle body 12 are integrally engaged.

As shown in FIG. 1, the spring pressure adjusting member 16 includes a male screw portion 33 that is screwed into a female screw portion 32 formed on the inner peripheral surface of the circular space 19, and between the male screw portion 33 and the spring 15. A torque adjuster in which the inserted spring seat 34 and the rear end portion of the male screw portion 33 are integrally connected by a bolt 35 and a rotation stop pin 36, and the outer peripheral portion 37a is loosely fitted to the rear end portion of the handle body 12. The torque adjusting ring 37 is composed of a ring 37, and by rotating the torque adjust ring 37 in the normal direction or in the reverse direction, the spring pressure of the spring 15 can be freely adjusted to set the tightening torque to a desired value.

In the above structure, for example, when a tool is attached to the collet chuck, as shown in FIG. 5, the shank portion of the tool 45 is inserted into the through hole 44 of the collet 43 fitted into the tapered hole 42 of the chuck body 41. After the insertion, the annular portion 2 of the spanner 1 in the state shown in FIG. 1 is fitted onto the outer peripheral surface of the tightening nut 47. At that time, since the needle roller 5 in the annular portion 2 is urged outward in the radial direction, the needle roller 5 is stably arranged in the portion of the cam surface 4 having a large radial distance in the natural state. There is no fear that the needle roller 5 will be caught when it is fitted onto the outer ring 47, and the needle roller 5 can be smoothly inserted.

From this state, when the grip portion 12b of the handle body 12 is gripped and rotated in the direction of the arrow in FIGS. 1 and 3, the needle roller 5 gradually moves away from the outer peripheral surface of the tightening nut 47 in the radial direction. The bite bites between the cam surfaces 4 that become smaller, the fastening nut 47 and the annular portion 2 are engaged and fixed in the rotational direction via the needle roller 5, and the fastening nut 47 rotates as the handle body 12 rotates.

If the needle roller 5 is stably arranged by the retainer 6 in a portion where the radial distance of the cam surface 4 is large, theoretically, the needle roller 5 is against the cylindrical outer peripheral surface of the tightening nut 47. Although it is possible that the needle roller 5 is not engaged, the annular portion 2 is not actually fitted in parallel to the outer peripheral surface of the tightening nut 47, and the needle roller 5 is partly tightened by being inserted with a slight inclination. The nut roller 5 is easily engaged with the cylindrical outer peripheral surface of the nut 47, and once engaged, the needle roller 5 bites between the outer peripheral surface of the tightening nut 47 and the cam surface 4 and quickly shifts to a completely engaged state.

Further, when the handle body 12 is rotated in the opposite direction, the needle roller 5 rolls on the outer peripheral surface of the tightening nut 47 and the engagement with the cam surface 4 is easily released, so that the annular portion 2 The tightening nut 47 is disengaged and can be rotated freely in the opposite direction. Therefore, the tightening nut 47 can be easily tightened by alternately rotating the handle body 12 in the forward and reverse directions.

The tightening nut 47 is screwed to the male screw end portion 46 of the chuck body 41, and the inclined end surface 43 a of the collet 43 is pressed by the rotation of the tightening nut 47 via the rolling roller 49 and the tightening ring 48. The collet 43 is pushed into the tapered hole 42 and the tool 45 is chucked.

When the tightening torque reaches the set value and becomes larger than the spring pressure of the spring 15, as shown in FIG. 6, the engagement roller 23 moves from the arcuate cam surface 13a toward the vertical cam surface 13c against the spring 15. And disengaged from each other, the engagement state between the two is released, and the annular portion 2 and its extension rod 11 swing at once around the pivot shaft 20, and the tightening torque is set by the shock and release sound at that time. It can be detected that the value has been reached, and by stopping the tightening at this point, the tool 45 can be reliably chucked with an appropriate tightening torque.

Further, when the handle body 12 is gripped and pivoted in the opposite direction from the state shown in FIG. 6, the engaging roller 23 is engaged with the vertical cam surface 13c, so that the annular portion 2 is easily returned and rocked. It can be moved and the engagement roller 23 can be re-engaged with the arcuate cam surface 13a and returned to the original state shown in FIG.

[0028]

[Effect of device]

 According to claim 1 of the present invention, when the annular portion is fitted onto the fastening member having the cylindrical outer peripheral surface and the handle portion is rotated in the direction in which the radial distance of the cam surface increases, the needle roller causes the fastening member to move. Between the outer peripheral surface and the cam surface where the radial distance gradually decreases, the fastening member and the annular portion are engaged and fixed in the rotational direction via the needle roller, and the fastening member can be rotated, thus rotating at high speed. The outer peripheral surface of the tightening nut, such as the tool holder, can be made into a cylindrical shape, and high-precision rotation balance can be obtained to achieve high-precision machining.

Further, according to claim 1, since the cam surface is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the annular portion and the needle roller held by the retainer is fitted and held on the cam surface, the structure is simple and long. It can be used stably without a failure for a certain period.

According to the second aspect, since the needle roller is urged outward in the radial direction, it is stably arranged in a portion where the radial distance of the cam surface is large in the natural state, and the annular portion is externally fitted to the fastening member. Sometimes the needle roller does not get caught and can be inserted smoothly.

According to the third aspect, when the tightening torque of the fastening member reaches the set value and becomes larger than the spring pressure, the engaged state between the engaged portion and the engaging member is released against the spring, and the annular shape The part swings around the pivot point, and it can be detected that the tightening torque has reached the set value. By stopping the tightening at this point, the tightening torque can be securely tightened with proper tightening torque.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a spanner according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway plan view of the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a needle roller arrangement portion of the same embodiment.

FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of a tightening torque restriction portion of the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view showing a usage state of the spanner of the embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a tightened state of the embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 wrench 2 annular part 3 handle part 4 cam surface 5 needle roller 6 retainer 7 holding part 11 extension rod 12 handle part body 13 engaged part 14 engaging member 15 spring 20 pivot shaft

Claims (3)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A spanner for rotating a fastening member by engaging the outer periphery of a fastening member having a cylindrical outer peripheral surface,
The fastening member includes an annular portion that is fitted onto the outer periphery of the fastening member and a handle portion that extends from the annular portion, and a cam surface whose radial distance from the center gradually changes is formed at a plurality of circumferential locations on the inner periphery of the annular portion. ,
A spanner characterized in that needle rollers are arranged so as to be engaged with each cam surface, and these needle rollers are respectively held by retainers fitted and held on the inner circumference of an annular portion. 2. The spanner according to claim 1, wherein the retainer is provided with a holding portion that holds the needle roller in a state of being urged radially outward of the annular portion. 3. A handle body, a handle body, and an extension rod which extends integrally from the annular portion and is inserted into the handle body and pivotably supported by the handle body. An engaging member disposed in the handle body at the tip of the extending rod so as to be engageable with an engaged portion, and a spring for urging the engaging member to engage with the engaged portion. The spanner according to claim 1, further comprising: