JPH0736445A - Electronic musical instrument and its keyboard device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a sufficient stroke without increasing the front-rear directional length of a key by elevating the fulcrum of the key with the energizing force of an energizing means as pressing force applied to the key decreases and returning it to its initial position. CONSTITUTION:When a front-rear directional nearly intermediate part of the key 4 is pressed with a finger under pressure in a normal musical performance, the key 4 turns around a 1st fulcrum part A against the spring forces of 1st and 2nd springs 6 and 7. Then pressure projections 24 and 25 of the key 4 are pressed against pressed parts 21a and 22a of 1st and 2nd sensors 21 and 22 to deform the parts and the pressing projection 29 of a connecting rod 5 is pressed against a pressure sensitive sensor 28 to deform the sensor; and the output signals of the 1st and 2nd sensors 21 and 22 and the pressure senitive sensor 28 are analyzed and used for musical sound control, and a controlled sound is generated. Further, when they are released from being pressed, the key 4 returns to its initial position with the spring forces of the 1st and 2nd springs 6 and 7 and both the sensors 21 and 22, the pressure sensitive sensor 28, etc., are restored to their undeformed states.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument such as an electronic piano and its keyboard device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a keyboard device of an electronic musical instrument in which a key rotates around a fulcrum portion provided at a rear end thereof is known.

[0003]

However, in the above-described conventional keyboard device for an electronic musical instrument, the key length in the front-back direction is set to be short because the electronic musical instrument as a whole is required to be small and lightweight. Has been done. Therefore, for a performance in which the key is pressed toward the fulcrum side (rear end side) from the substantially middle portion in the front-rear direction, the length (stroke) from the start of pressing until the key is pressed down
It was short and difficult to play.

In order to solve such a problem, as in an acoustic piano, a fulcrum portion is provided further on the back side (rear end side) than the key-depressible portion (visible portion). It is conceivable that the stroke will not change so much even if you press any position on the keyboard, but if you do this, the overall size of the device will be large, and the electronic piano, which should be advantageous to the acoustic piano etc. in terms of portability, etc. The advantage of the instrument is lost.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and a first object thereof is to provide a fulcrum side from a substantially middle portion of the key in the front-rear direction without increasing the length of the key in the front-rear direction. It is to provide a keyboard device of an electronic musical instrument that can obtain a sufficient stroke for a performance of pressing the (rear end side) side.

A second object of the present invention is to provide an electronic musical instrument capable of expressive performance by using a keyboard device having a structure for achieving the above-mentioned first object.

[0007]

In order to achieve the first object, the first invention of the present invention is a keyboard device of an electronic musical instrument having a key which rotates about a fulcrum portion in response to a key depression operation. , The fulcrum portion is configured to be movable up and down, and the fulcrum portion is urged upward by urging means, and the fulcrum portion descends as the pressing force on the key is increased by the key pressing operation. It is characterized by doing so.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned second object, a second invention of the present invention is an electronic musical instrument equipped with a keyboard device having a key which rotates about a fulcrum portion in response to a key pressing operation.
The first fulcrum is configured to be movable up and down, and is disposed at a predetermined position on the front side of a substantially middle portion of the key in the front-rear direction.
A sensor, a second sensor disposed at a predetermined position on the inner side of a substantially middle portion of the key in the front-rear direction, and an output of the first sensor and an output of the second sensor are combined with each other to create a tone control signal. The present invention is characterized by comprising a control means and a sound source means for generating a tone signal based on the tone control signal.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned second object, a third invention of the present invention is an electronic musical instrument equipped with a keyboard device having a key which rotates about a fulcrum portion in response to a key depression operation.
The fulcrum portion is configured to be movable up and down, a sensor for detecting the movement of the key is provided, and control means for creating a musical tone control signal based on the output of the sensor; and musical tone signals based on the musical tone control signal are generated. And a sound source means for generating the sound source.

Further, in order to achieve the above-mentioned second object, a fourth invention of the present invention is an electronic musical instrument equipped with a keyboard device having a key which rotates around a fulcrum portion in response to a key pressing operation.
Control means for constructing the fulcrum part up and down, providing a sensor for detecting the rotation and up and down movement of the key at the lower part or the end part of the key, and creating a tone control signal based on the output of the sensor. And a sound source means for generating a musical tone signal based on the musical tone control signal.

[0011]

In the keyboard device for an electronic musical instrument according to the first aspect of the present invention, the fulcrum portion of the key descends against the urging force of the urging means as the pressing force on the key increases due to the key-depressing operation, so As the pressing force decreases, the fulcrum part of the key rises by the urging force of the urging means and automatically returns to the initial position. As a result, even if the length of the key in the front-rear direction is not increased, a sufficient stroke can be obtained for a performance in which the fulcrum side is pressed from the substantially middle portion in the front-rear direction.

In the electronic musical instruments of the second to fourth inventions, a musical tone control signal is created based on the output from the sensor according to the movement of the key, and various musical tone control signals are produced based on the musical tone control signal. The tone signal of is obtained. This allows for complex and expressive performances.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

(First Embodiment) FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional side view of a keyboard device for an electronic musical instrument according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
It is a partially cutaway plan view of a key in the same device. 1 in FIG.
Is a keyboard frame made of a metal plate that is long and narrow in the left-right direction,
It consists of a frame body 2 and a frame sub body 3.

The frame main body 2 includes an intermediate horizontal wall 2a, front and rear inner vertical walls 2b and 2c, which are vertically connected to front and rear end edges of the intermediate horizontal wall 2a, respectively. Front and rear horizontal walls 2d and 2e, which are continuously provided on the lower end edges of the rear inner vertical walls 2b and 2c in the horizontal front-rear direction, respectively.
And the front and rear outer vertical walls 2 which are vertically connected to the front and rear end edges of the front and rear horizontal walls 2d and 2e, respectively.
f and 2g.

The frame sub body 3 is made of a flat metal plate or the like, and is fixed to the upper surface of the intermediate horizontal wall 2a of the frame body 2. In this fixed state, the front and rear edge portions of the frame sub-body 3 are located at the intermediate horizontal wall 2a of the frame main body 2.
From the front and rear end edges, respectively.

On the keyboard frame 1, a large number of keys (white keys and black keys) are mounted side by side in the left-right direction.
And in FIG. 2, only one key 4 is shown. The key 4 is made of synthetic resin and has a substantially U-shaped cross section with an open bottom surface. The key 4 has an intermediate horizontal position of the frame main body 2 via one connecting rod 5 and a pair of springs 6 and 7 formed of leaf springs. Wall 2
It is mounted on the upper surface of a.

The connecting rod 5 is made of a rigid member, one end of which is in an engaging groove 8 formed on the inner surface of the rear end of the key 4 and the other end of which is an upper surface on the front end side of the intermediate horizontal wall 2a of the frame body 2. Are engaged with the respective engaging grooves 9 provided in the. Further, the first spring 6 has an end portion provided on the inner surface of the key 4 on the front end side.
0, the other end of the connecting rod 5 is abutted and locked by a locking portion 11 provided on the upper side of the intermediate portion of the connecting rod 5. Further, the second spring 7
Of the frame body 2, one end of which engages with the engaging portion 12 provided on the upper surface of the intermediate horizontal wall 2a on the rear end side, and the other end of which engages with the engaging portion 13 provided substantially below the intermediate portion of the connecting rod 5. It is locked in contact.

An engaging portion between one end of the connecting rod 5 and the engaging groove 8 is a first fulcrum portion A which can move up and down, and an engagement between the other end of the connecting rod 5 and the intermediate horizontal wall 2a of the frame body 2. The engaging portion with the mating groove 9 is the fixed second fulcrum portion B. The key 4 rotates in the up-down direction about the first fulcrum portion A and the second fulcrum portion B.
It is designed to rotate up and down around. Also,
The key 4 is urged to rotate upward by the first and second springs 6 and 7.

Key guides 14a and 14b are provided on the upper and lower front surfaces of the intermediate horizontal wall 2a of the frame body 2 so as to project therefrom. The key guide 14a. 14b may be formed by cutting and raising the front and rear inner vertical walls 2b and 2c and the front and rear horizontal walls 2d and 2e by pressing or the like. In this case, the frame sub body 3 itself becomes unnecessary. Key guides 14a, 14
The key b is engaged between both side walls 4a and 4b of the key 4 to guide the vertical movement of the key 4. Abutting pieces 15 and 16 project downward from the front and rear portions of the key 4, and these abutting pieces 15 and 16 are provided on the lower front and rear portions of the intermediate horizontal wall 2a of the frame body 2. The upper limit position of the key 4 is regulated by coming into contact with the stoppers 17 and 18 made of felt or the like. In addition, the contact piece 15,
Reference numeral 16 denotes the front and rear horizontal walls 2a of the frame main body 2.
The lower limit position of the key 4 is regulated by coming into contact with the stoppers 19 and 20 made of felt or the like provided on the upper surfaces of d and 2e, respectively.

A first sensor (first switch) 21 is provided on the front side (front end side) of the key 4 in the front-rear direction substantially in the middle thereof. Further, the second sensor (second switch) 2 is located on the back side (rear end side) of the key 4 in the front-rear direction substantially in the middle thereof.
2 are provided. These first and second sensors 21 and 2
Reference numeral 2 may be a normally open bowl-shaped two-make switch (having two concentric contact points), each may be one make switch, or may be a stroke sensor each including a light emitting diode and a phototransistor. Good. First,
The second sensors 21 and 22 are mounted on the upper surface of the switch board 23 provided below the intermediate horizontal wall 2a of the frame body 2. The pressed portions 21a and 22a, which are the tops of the first and second sensors 21 and 22, penetrate through the intermediate horizontal wall 2a of the frame body 2 and the frame sub body 3, and the frame sub body 3
Protruding above.

Corresponding to the first and second sensors 21 and 22, pressing protrusions (actuators) 24 and 25 are provided at predetermined positions on the lower end portions of either side walls 4a and 4b of the key 4, respectively. . It should be noted that one pressing protrusion 24 is provided on the side walls 4a, 4
The pressing projection 25 on the other side may be provided on either one of b. When the key 4 is pressed, the pressing projections 24 and 25 press the pressed portions 21a and 22a of the first and second sensors 21 and 22, respectively, and the closed state is achieved. When each of the first and second sensors 21 and 22 is a stroke sensor or a two-make switch, it detects touch (key pressing speed) data, and each sensor can detect the key pressing speed independently. Large movements can also be detected from the data between the sensors. That is, key 4
Both switches 21 and 22 are closed (ON) depending on the pressing position of
The time difference is different. Even if both sensors 21 and 22 have one make switch, it is sufficient to obtain the time difference, and thus touch information can be obtained. This time difference data is analyzed and used for sound source control.

The switch board 23 includes mounting walls 2h projecting from front and rear inner vertical walls 2b and 2c of the frame body 2.
It is attached to 2j with bolts 26 and 27. The mounting walls 2h and 2j may be cut-and-raised pieces from the vertical walls 2b and 2c.

A pressure-sensitive sensor 28 is provided at a predetermined position on the upper surface of the frame sub-body 3, and a pressing protrusion (actuator) 29 for pressing the pressure-sensitive sensor 28 is provided on the lower part of the other end of the connecting rod 5. There is. The pressure-sensitive sensor 28 is of a type in which the resistance changes according to the pressing force, and if a current is passed through it, the pressure can be taken out as a continuous amount in the form of voltage. However, the change in the pressure data can be more remarkably detected by pressing the key 4 once after further pressing it due to the structural characteristics. Further, the stoppers 19 and 20 may be composed of pressure sensitive sensors.
In this case, this pressure sensor is used as a complete after-touch sensor. Then, the detected data is analyzed and used for sound source control.

Next, the operation of the keyboard device having the above structure will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.

FIG. 3 is an operation explanatory view when the spring forces of the first and second springs 6 and 7 are set equal to each other, and FIG.
[Fig. 6] is an operation explanatory view when the spring force of the second spring 7 is set to be considerably larger than the spring force of the first spring 6.

First, the case of FIG. 3 will be described. Key 4
When the front side of the key is pressed by the finger 30, the key 4 resists the spring force of the first and second springs 6 and 7, and the key 4 is centered on the first fulcrum portion A as shown in FIG. Rotate counterclockwise.
The pressing projections 24, 25 of the key 4 press and deform the pressed portions 21a, 22a of the first and second sensors 21, 22 respectively, and the pressing projection 29 of the connecting rod 5 presses the pressure-sensitive sensor 28. Being transformed. Further, the pressed key has a lower limit value limited by the stopper 19. At this time, if the stopper 19 is provided with an after-touch sensor, the output of the after-touch sensor can also be taken out.
These first and second sensors 21, 22 and the pressure sensitive sensor 28
The output signals such as are analyzed and used for the tone control, and the tone-controlled tone is generated. When the pressure is released, the key 4
Is returned to the initial position shown in FIG. 1 by the spring force of the first and second springs 6 and 7, and both the sensors 21 and 22 and the pressure sensitive sensor 28 are also returned to the non-deformed state.

When the substantially middle portion of the key 4 in the front-rear direction is pressed by the finger 30, the key 4 resists the spring force of the first and second springs 6 and 7 as shown in FIG. 3 (b). It descends while maintaining the horizontal state. Then, the pressed protrusions 24, 25 of the key 4 cause the pressed portions 21 a, 2 of the first and second sensors 21, 22 to be pressed.
2a are pressed into a deformed state, and the pressure-sensitive sensor 28 is pressed by the pressing protrusion 29 of the connecting rod 5 to output a displacement output. Further, when the key 4 is pushed in, the contact piece 15,
16 contacts stoppers 19 and 20. At this time, if the stoppers 19 and 20 also serve as after-sensors, the after-sensor output can also be taken out. These first and second sensors 2
Output signals from the pressure sensors 1 and 22 and the pressure sensor 28 are analyzed and used for tone control, and the tone-controlled sound is generated.
When the pressure is released, the key 4 returns to the initial position shown in FIG. 1 by the spring force of the first and second springs 6 and 7, and both the sensors 21 and 22 and the pressure sensor 28 also return to the non-deformed state. .

Further, when the back side of the key 4 is pressed by the finger 30, the key 4 resists the spring force of the first and second springs 6 and 7, and the key 4 has the second fulcrum portion as shown in FIG. 3C. Rotate clockwise around B in the figure. Then, the pressed protrusions 24, 25 of the key 4 cause the pressed portions 21 a, 2 of the first and second sensors 21, 22 to be pressed.
2a are respectively pressed to be in a deformed state, and the pressure-sensitive sensor 28 is pressed by the pressing protrusions 29 of the connecting rod 5 to be in a deformed state. The output signals of the first and second sensors 21, 22 and the pressure sensitive sensor 28 are analyzed and used for tone control, and the tone-controlled sounds are generated. When the pressure is released, the key 4 returns to the initial position shown in FIG. 1 by the spring force of the first and second springs 6 and 7, and both the sensors 2
1, 22 and the pressure sensor 28 also return to the non-deformed state.

When the spring forces of the first and second springs 6 and 7 are set to be equal to each other as shown in FIG. 3, an appropriate stroke can be obtained over the entire region regardless of the pressing position of the key 4. is there.

Next, the case of FIG. 4 will be described. Key 4
The front side or the substantially middle portion in the front-rear direction (in the figure, the state where the substantially middle portion in the front-rear direction is pressed) is pressed by the finger 30.
When the key 4 is pressed by the pressure at the time of normal performance, the key 4 resists the spring force of the first and second springs 6 and 7, and as shown in FIG. Rotate counterclockwise.
Then, the pressed projections 24, 25 of the key 4 press the pressed portions 21a, 22a of the first and second sensors 21, 22 respectively to be in the deformed state, and the pressing projection 29 of the connecting rod 5 is pressed.
As a result, the pressure sensitive sensor 28 is pressed into a deformed state. The output signals of the first and second sensors 21 and 22 and the pressure sensitive sensor 28 are analyzed and used for tone control, and the tone-controlled sound is generated. When the pressure is released, the key 4 returns to the initial position shown in FIG. 1 by the spring force of the first and second springs 6 and 7, and the sensors 21, 22 and the pressure sensor 28 also return to the non-deformed state. To do.

When the back side of the key 4 is pressed with the finger 30 more strongly than the pressure at the time of normal performance, the key 4 resists the spring force of the first and second springs 6 and 7 and is shown in FIG. As shown, the second fulcrum B is rotated in the clockwise direction in the figure. Then, the pressing protrusions 24, 25 of the key 4 cause the first and second sensors 21,
The pressed portions 21a and 22a of 22 are respectively pressed to be in a deformed state, and the pressure protrusions 29 of the connecting rod 5 press the pressure sensitive sensor 28 to be in a deformed state. The output signals of the first and second sensors 21 and 22 and the pressure sensitive sensor 28 are analyzed and used for tone control, and the tone-controlled sound is generated. When the pressure is released, the key 4 returns to the initial position shown in FIG. 1 by the spring force of the first and second springs 6 and 7, and both the sensors 21 and 22 and the pressure sensor 28 also return to the non-deformed state. .

As shown in FIG. 4, the spring force of the second spring 7 is
When the spring force of the first spring 6 is set to be considerably larger,
When the key is pressed with the pressure during the normal performance, the key 4 rotates about the first fulcrum portion A, and the movement is similar to that of the conventional keyboard device. Further, when a key depression operation is performed such that the key is pushed further to the back from the time when the key is pushed to "agaki" with a pressure higher than the pressure at the time of normal performance, the key 4 rotates around the second fulcrum portion B. Such an operation of the key 4 has an unprecedented expressive power, and by providing the pressure sensitive sensor 28 as shown in FIG. 1, it is possible to control all musical tone parameters.

(Second Embodiment) Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the keyboard apparatus according to this embodiment, in which the same components as those in the first embodiment described above are designated by the same reference numerals.

In FIG. 5, the frame 1 includes a frame sub-body 3 of the first embodiment and a rear outer vertical wall 2g of the frame body 2.
The frame 1 is the same as the frame 1 of the first embodiment except that it does not have. However, instead of removing the frame sub-body 3, the length of the intermediate horizontal wall 2a of the frame body 2 in the front-rear direction is set longer than that of the first embodiment.

A fulcrum receiving member 31 is arranged on the upper surface of the intermediate horizontal wall 2a of the frame body 2. The fulcrum receiving member 31 has an engaging body 32 at the front end thereof engaged with an engaging hole 33 formed in the intermediate horizontal wall 2a of the frame body 2 so as to be vertically rotatable. Engaging body 32 of fulcrum receiving member 31
The engaging portion between the engaging hole 33 of the intermediate horizontal wall 2a of the frame body 2 is the second fulcrum portion B, and the key 4 rotates together with the fulcrum receiving member 31 around the second fulcrum portion B. It is like this.

The contact piece 34 projecting from the rear end of the fulcrum receiving member 31 penetrates the intermediate horizontal wall 2a of the frame body 2 and projects below the intermediate horizontal wall 2a. Abutment piece 34
Is brought into contact with a stopper 35 made of felt or the like provided on the lower surface of the intermediate horizontal wall 2a of the frame body 2, whereby the upper limit position of the fulcrum receiving member 31 is regulated. The fulcrum receiving member 31 is urged to rotate upward by the second spring 7. One end of the second spring 7 is locked to the locking portion 12 on the upper surface of the intermediate horizontal wall 2 a of the frame body 2, and the other end is locked to the locking portion 36 provided on the lower surface of the fulcrum receiving member 31. There is.

On the upper surface of the fulcrum receiving member 31, a triangular pyramid-shaped concave fulcrum receiving portion 37 is provided. A spherical-shaped fulcrum protrusion 38 projecting from the rear end of the key 4 is rotatably engaged with the concave fulcrum receiving portion 37. The concave fulcrum receiving portion 37 of the fulcrum receiving member 31 and the fulcrum protrusion 38 of the key 4
The engaging portion with is the first fulcrum portion A, and the key 4 is adapted to rotate around the first fulcrum portion A.

One end of the first spring 6 has an engaging portion 1 for the key 4.
0, the other end is locked to a locking portion 39 provided at the front end of the fulcrum receiving member 31. The pressing projection 25 that presses the pressed portion 22 a of the second sensor 22 is provided on the lower surface of the fulcrum receiving member 31 so as to project. The corner portion between the pressing protrusion 25 and the lower surface of the fulcrum receiving member 31 serves as a locking portion 36 of the second spring 7, and the locking portion 36 is inevitably formed by projecting the pressing protrusion 25. Therefore, the configuration becomes simple. In this embodiment, the connecting rod 5 of the first embodiment is not provided, and the key 4 and the fulcrum receiving member 31 are the upper surface of the intermediate horizontal wall 2a of the frame body 2 only with the first and second springs 6 and 7. Is attached to.

A fulcrum guide 40 is projectingly provided on the upper surface of the intermediate horizontal wall 2a of the frame body 2. The fulcrum guide 40 includes the left and right side walls 31a on the front end side of the fulcrum receiving member 31,
31b are engaged with each other to guide the vertical movement of the fulcrum receiving member 31. A stopper 41 made of felt or the like is provided on the upper surface of the intermediate horizontal wall 2a of the frame body 2. By contacting the lower ends of the left and right side walls 31a and 31b of the fulcrum receiving member 31 with the stopper 41, the lower limit position of the fulcrum receiving member 31 is regulated. The base 23 is the middle horizontal wall 2 of the frame body 2.
Mounting walls 2h and 2j for mounting on a are projected from the lower surface of the intermediate horizontal wall 2a. This mounting wall 2h, 2j
May be cut-and-raised pieces from the vertical walls 2b, 2c. The stopper 17 that regulates the upper limit position of the key 4 is provided on the lower surface of the intermediate horizontal wall 2 a of the frame body 2.

In this embodiment, the spherical fulcrum protrusion 38 of the key 4 is rotatably engaged with the triangular pyramidal concave fulcrum receiving portion 37 of the fulcrum receiving member 31, so that the key 4 is guided by the key 4a. It has the effect of moving vertically without twisting.

The other structure and operation of this embodiment are as follows.
Since it is the same as the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted.

(Third Embodiment) Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the keyboard device according to this embodiment, in which the same components as those of the first and second embodiments described above are designated by the same reference numerals.

In this embodiment, the structure of the frame 1 and the mounting structure of the substrate 23 to the intermediate horizontal wall 2a of the frame main body 2 are the same as those of the second embodiment, and one end of the connecting rod 5 is the key 4. The other end rotatably engages with the engaging hole 8a on the lower surface of the engaging hole 9a on the upper surface of the intermediate horizontal wall 2a of the frame main body 2, and these engaging portions respectively engage the first and second engaging holes. It is a fulcrum part A and B. Further, one end of the first spring 6 made of a coil spring is engaged with the engaging portion 10 on the lower surface of the key 4 and the other end is engaged with the engaging portion 11a located at the second fulcrum portion B, and is also made of a coil spring. One end of the second spring 7 has a first fulcrum portion A
The other end is engaged with the engaging portion 13a located on the upper side of the intermediate horizontal wall 2a of the frame main body 2. Further, the stopper 17 for restricting the upper limit position of the key 4,
18 is provided on the lower surface of the intermediate horizontal wall 2a of the frame main body 2, and stoppers 19 and 20 for restricting the lower limit position are provided on the upper surface of the intermediate horizontal wall 2a of the frame main body 2.

Since the other construction and operation of this embodiment are the same as those of the first and second embodiments, their explanations are omitted.

(Fourth Embodiment) Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the keyboard device according to this embodiment, in which the same components as those of the first and second embodiments described above are designated by the same reference numerals.

In this embodiment, only the first spring 6 made of a leaf spring is used, and the fulcrum protrusion 38a of the key 4 is rotatably and slidably engaged with the concave fulcrum receiving portion 37a of the fulcrum receiving member 31a. It was done. The engaging portion between the fulcrum protrusion 38a of the key 4 and the concave fulcrum receiving portion 37a of the fulcrum receiving member 31a is equivalent to the first fulcrum portion A in each of the above-described embodiments, and the concave fulcrum receiving portion 37a has its lower end portion. The both side walls 37b and 37c of the concave surface also have a function as a guide so that the lateral movement of the key 4 is restricted when the rear end of the key 4 is depressed together with the concave surface. Further, the tip of the fulcrum protrusion 38a may be a convex surface such as a sphere or a circular arc surface of a cylinder.

The fulcrum protrusion 38a and the recess fulcrum receiving portion 37
The stroke sensor may also serve as a. In this case, the fulcrum protrusion 38a is preferably a cylindrical arc surface. The tip of this arcuate surface is uniformly subjected to a conductive treatment over a predetermined width within the width of the key 4. The concave fulcrum receiving portion 37a is subjected to a conductive treatment and a non-conductive treatment in the form of a gray code of about 4 to 5 bits. As a result, by pressing the base end of the key 4, a gray code corresponding to the stroke is generated, and the position information can be taken out by converting the gray code into a normal code by a converter such as a ROM.

The other structure and operation of this embodiment are the same as those of the first and second embodiments.

(Fifth Embodiment) Next, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 8 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the keyboard device according to this embodiment, in which the same components as those of the above-described first to third embodiments are designated by the same reference numerals.

In this embodiment, the connecting rod 5 is provided between the rear end side of the key 4 and the rear end side corner portion of the frame body 2, and
A first spring 6 as a tension spring composed of a coil spring is provided between the rear end side of the key 4 and the rear end side of the frame body 2. The engaging portion between the rear end side of the key 4 and the connecting rod 5 is the first fulcrum portion A of the key 4, and the engaging portion between the rear end side of the frame body 2 and the connecting rod 5 is the connecting rod 5. It is the fulcrum part B.

The rest of the configuration and operation of this embodiment are the same as those of the first to third embodiments, so their explanations are omitted.

(Sixth Embodiment) Next, a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of a keyboard device according to this embodiment, in which the same components as those of the above-described first to third embodiments are designated by the same reference numerals.

In this embodiment, the key 4 is attached to the upper horizontal wall 2a of the frame body 2 by the first spring 6 made of a leaf spring and the connecting rod 5.

The rest of the configuration and operation of this embodiment are the same as those of the first to third embodiments, so their explanations are omitted.

(Seventh Embodiment) Next, a seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 10 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the keyboard apparatus according to this embodiment, in which the same components as those of the first and second embodiments described above are designated by the same reference numerals.

In this embodiment, instead of the first and second sensors 21 and 22 in the above-mentioned respective embodiments, FIGS.
A single sensor 42, which is a combination of a rotary volume and a slide volume shown in (1), is provided substantially in the middle of the key 4 in the front-rear direction, and the first and second springs 6, 7 are compression coil springs. Then, output signals are taken out from each of the rotary volume and slide volume of the sensor 42, and these output signals are detected purely as resistance values (voltage values), and these voltage values are respectively the rotation angle of the key 4. And the amount of subduction. Furthermore, if these outputs are differentiated (difference in the case of digital),
Since the rotation speed and the amount of depression of the key 4 can be detected, the detected key data can be used to calculate the key pressing position and the key pressing speed. Further, the output signal of each volume may be directly assigned as a parameter of the sound source. Further, the return springs 6 and 7 of the key 4 in the present embodiment are not limited to the illustrated ones, but may be configured to be used in combination with a leaf spring or a connecting rod as in the above-mentioned embodiments. Other configurations and operations in the present embodiment are the same as those in the first and second embodiments, and therefore their explanations are omitted.

(Eighth Embodiment) Next, an eighth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In this example,
The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument capable of playing with rich expressiveness by using the keyboard device in each of the above-described embodiments, but the case of using the keyboard device shown in FIG. 6 will be described as an example. FIG. 13 is a block diagram of a main part of the electronic musical instrument according to the present embodiment. In FIG. 13, 43 is a control unit (control means), and each key is connected to the control unit 43 via a multiple signal line 44. The signals output from the four first and second sensors 21 and 22, the pressure sensor 28 (see FIG. 6), other tone color switches, and the controller are input. Then, the control section 44 detects the time difference between the first and second sensors 21 and 22 being turned on, the key pressing speed, etc., and analyzes or combines them to create a tone control signal.

The tone control signal generated by the control unit 43 is
The signal is input to the sound source section 46 via the signal line 45. The tone generator 46 controls the musical tone based on the musical tone control signal from the controller 43. The tone signal controlled by the sound source unit 46 is sent to a sound system (amplifier and speaker) 48 via a signal line 47, and the tone system 48 outputs a tone-controlled sound.

Next, the control operation executed by the controller 43 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. When the power is turned on, this control operation is started (start), first, initialization such as clearing residual data is performed in step S1, and then scanning is performed in step S2, that is, only the first and second sensors 21 and 22 are used. Instead, the main routine constantly examines the current state of the controller, the tone color switch, etc., by constantly checking them. Next, in step S3, it is determined whether the first and second sensors 21 and 22 are on (key on) based on the result of the scan in step S2.

If it is not key-on, it is determined in step S9 whether it is key-off. If it is not key-off, step S8
After performing other processing, that is, processing such as controller control parameter processing, output, and tone color setting, the procedure returns to step S2. Further, in step S3, when the first and second sensors 21 and 22 are closed and the key-on is detected, the process proceeds to the next step S4, and KC (key code: sound) indicating which key is pressed. Corresponding to high), D indicating the time difference when the first sensor 21 and the second sensor 22 are turned on, and the velocities (touches, that is, key pressing speeds) VA and VB of the first and second sensors 21 and 22. Respectively detected.

Next, in step S5, which position of the key 4 is pressed based on each data detected in step S4, that is, the key pressing position X is calculated, and then in step S6, the position is pressed. The speed at which the key is pressed, that is, the key pressing speed VX is calculated. After that, the process proceeds to the next step S7, in which KC, X, and VX calculated in step S5 and step S6, that is, which pitch, which position, and how much strength is pressed, are independently determined. Is sent to the sound source unit 46 as a parameter.

The operation of the sound source section 46 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the main part of the sound source unit 46. The one shown in FIG. 15 is a specification for sounding two sound sources at a time, that is, the tone colors are slightly different.
They are set to have the same pitch at the same time. In the figure, a key-on / off signal and KC, X, and VX signals are input from the control unit 43 to CH (channel) 1 and CH (channel) 2, respectively. Further, the signal of the tone color data 1 is also transmitted to CH1 and CH2.
The signal of the tone color data 2 is input to. Further, the X signal is input from the control unit 43 to the interpolation processing circuit 46a. Furthermore, the output signals of CH1 and CH2 are input to the interpolation processing circuit 46a.

Normally, the sound source unit 46 accepts one velocity, so that it is used normally, and the sound whose volume and feel (difference in harmonic components such as hard and soft) is adjusted by this is used. And the mix degree is changed based on the data X indicating which position of the key 4 is pressed. For example, when the front side of the key 4 is pressed, if a data signal "0" indicating "front side" is output, the interpolation processing circuit 46a performs weighting inversion,
X and 1-X are interpolated, and only CH2 is output when the front of the key 4 is pressed. For example, when the back of the key 4 is pressed, CH is output when the tone of the violin's Marcato performance is played.
Only 1 is output, for example, the tone of the violin pizzicato playing method sounds.

In this way, the tone color data 1 and 2 whose tone color changes depending on which part of the key 4 is pressed is input to CH1 and CH2 from the tone color data setting unit (not shown) via the control unit 43.

Returning to FIG. 14 again, if the key-off is detected in step S9, the process proceeds to step S10, the key-off is output, and then the process proceeds to step S8 to perform other processing.

Next, key depression position information, angular velocity information, and velocity (touch strength: speed) information at arbitrary positions in the front-back (longitudinal) direction of the key 4 in each of the calculation steps of steps S4 to S6 of FIG. The principle operation for constructing the above will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 16 is a simplified schematic view of the keyboard device shown in FIG. 6, in which F is a key pressing force (pressing force) applied to the key 4, L1 is the point of action of F and the first point. The distance between the sensor 21 and L2 is the distance between the F acting point and the second sensor 22, the L3 is the distance between the F acting point and the first spring 6, and the L4 is the F acting. The distance between the point and the second spring 7,
V1 is the velocity value of the first sensor 21, and V2 is the velocity value of the second sensor 22.

First, regarding the construction principle of key depression position information,
This will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram of a principle of constructing key depression position information, and the same parts as those in FIG. 16 are denoted by the same reference numerals. When the spring forces of the first and second springs 6 and 7 are the same, as shown in FIG. 17, the key pressing position of the key 4 (F
The distribution of the load applied to both springs 6 and 7 is determined by the position of the action point. That is, as the key pressing force F increases, the key 4 is pushed against the spring force of both springs 6 and 7, and the amount of bending of both springs 6 and 7 at that time is proportional to the respective loads.
As a result, the key 4 has a rotation angle corresponding to the difference between the bending amounts of the springs 6 and 7, and the sensors 21 and 22 of the pressing protrusions 24 and 25 that are actuators that press the sensors 21 and 22.
Arrival time changes. Therefore, by calculating backward from the difference between the operation timings of the two sensors 21 and 22, the L
The ratio (L3: L4) of 3 and L4 can be obtained, and the key depression position information can be constructed.

Incidentally, in FIG. 17, (L4 / L3 + L4 × F)
Is the amount of bending of the first spring 6, and (L3 / L3 + L4) × F is the amount of bending of the second spring 6.

Next, the principle of constructing angular velocity information will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram of the construction principle of angular velocity information, and the same parts as those in FIG. 16 are denoted by the same reference numerals. Assuming that the angle intersecting with the one-dot chain line and the line connecting the tips of VA and VB is θ, the angular velocity V is as shown in FIG.
θ is represented by the following equation (1).

Vθ (rad) = VA−VB / L1 + L2 (1) Expression Further, from FIG. 18, the key pressing speed VX is expressed by the following expression (2).

VX = L2 × Vθ + VB (2) Formula For a key that rotates around a key fixed fulcrum like a conventional keyboard, only the first sensor 21 can detect the velocity value. did it. However, with a key that rotates around a movable fulcrum, the first sensor 21 detects only a small velocity value, even if the second spring 7 side is pushed hard, for example.

Therefore, by combining the three pieces of information, that is, the key depression position information, the angular velocity information, and the velocity information at an arbitrary position in the longitudinal direction of the key 4, it becomes possible to handle it as performance information for the first time, and musical tone control can be performed. In other words, it is possible to know at what position and at what strength (speed) the performance was performed.

In the above embodiment, the positions of the first and second fulcrum portions A and B, the positions of the stoppers 17, 19, 18 and 20, the positions of the first and second springs 6 and 7, and the first and second 2 sensor 2
Even when the positions of 1 and 22 are delicately moved, it suffices to correct the algorithm. Further, if the spring force of the second spring 7 is set to be stronger than that of the first spring 6, the same movement as a conventional key with the first fulcrum portion A as the center of rotation is performed in normal performance. In addition, the second sensor 22 operates even for a novel playing style in which the key 4 is pressed to "agaki" and then the first fulcrum portion A is pushed in, so that the second sensor 22 operates, for example, a tone color α. You can play the tone β (piano) intermittently while holding (strings).

The sound source system is not limited to the one shown in the above-mentioned embodiment, but may be the first sound source system, for example.
For the case where the sensor 21 is connected to the first tone color section and the second sensor 22 is connected to the second tone color section, and one of the sensors does not turn on only by pressing one side of the key 4. The sensors may be shared. With this configuration, when only one of the sensors is turned on depending on the key pressing position, a rendition style that changes the sound can be performed. On the contrary, various sensors (first and second sensors, pressure-sensitive sensor 28,
By performing a unique rendition style with the pressure-sensitive sensors of the stoppers 19 and 20, a unique rendition style can be detected by a combination of predetermined outputs of various sensors, and it is also possible to control the musical sound after this performance style detection determination.

(Other Embodiments) In the invention of claim 2, the first sensor is provided on the front side of the intermediate portion of the key in the longitudinal direction.
Although the second sensor is provided on the inner side of the intermediate portion, in the present invention, the portion below the visible portion of the key and protruding to the end side is integrally configured with the key, and this protruding portion (both ends)
It also includes a configuration for sensing the sensor with.

[0078]

As described in detail above, claim 1 of the present invention
According to the keyboard device of the electronic musical instrument, the fulcrum of the key descends against the urging force of the urging means as the pressing force on the key increases due to the key pressing operation, and the pressing force on the key decreases. Accordingly, the fulcrum of the key rises by the urging force of the urging means and automatically returns to the initial position. Therefore, even if the length of the key in the front-rear direction is not increased, any position in the front-rear direction can be obtained. Sufficient stroke is obtained. In particular, a sufficient stroke can be obtained for a performance in which the fulcrum side is pressed from the approximately middle portion in the front-rear direction.

Further, according to the electronic musical instruments of claims 2, 3 and 4 of the present invention, the output corresponding to various movements of the key can be obtained, so that the expressive performance can be performed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional side view of a keyboard device for an electronic musical instrument according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway plan view of a key in the same device.

FIG. 3 is an operation explanatory diagram of the same apparatus.

FIG. 4 is an operation explanatory diagram of the same apparatus.

FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional side view of a keyboard device for an electronic musical instrument according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional side view of a keyboard device for an electronic musical instrument according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional side view of a keyboard device for an electronic musical instrument according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a vertical sectional side view of a keyboard device for an electronic musical instrument according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a vertical sectional side view of a keyboard device for an electronic musical instrument according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a vertical sectional side view of a keyboard device for an electronic musical instrument according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of a sensor in the device.

FIG. 12 is a view on arrow C of FIG.

FIG. 13 is a block configuration diagram of an electronic musical instrument according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing a control operation of a control unit in the electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 15 is a block configuration diagram showing a main part of a control unit in the electronic musical instrument.

16 is an explanatory diagram of the principle of the calculation step of FIG.

FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram of the principle of the calculation step of FIG.

FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating the principle of the calculation steps of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 4 Key 6 1st Spring (Key Returning Means) 7 2nd Spring (Key Returning Means) 21 1st Switch (1st Sensor) 22 2nd Switch (2nd Sensor) 42 Sensor 43 Control Section (Control Means) 46 Sound Source Section (Sound source means)

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A keyboard device for an electronic musical instrument having a key that rotates about a fulcrum portion in response to a key depression operation, wherein the fulcrum portion is configured to be movable up and down, and the fulcrum portion is moved upward by a biasing means. A keyboard device for an electronic musical instrument, wherein the fulcrum portion is lowered as the pressing force applied to the key by the key pressing operation is increased. 2. An electronic musical instrument comprising a keyboard device having a key that pivots about a fulcrum portion in response to a key depression operation, wherein the fulcrum portion is configured to be movable up and down, and the key is approximately intermediate in the front-rear direction. A first sensor disposed at a predetermined position on the front side of the key portion, a second sensor disposed at a predetermined position on the rear side of a substantially middle portion of the key in the front-rear direction, an output of the first sensor and the first sensor. An electronic musical instrument comprising: a control means for combining the outputs of two sensors with each other to create a musical tone control signal; and a sound source means for generating a musical tone signal based on the musical tone control signal. 3. An electronic musical instrument including a keyboard device having a key that rotates about a fulcrum portion in response to a key depression operation, wherein the fulcrum portion is configured to be movable up and down and the movement of the key is detected. An electronic musical instrument comprising a sensor, control means for generating a musical tone control signal based on the output of the sensor, and sound source means for generating a musical tone signal based on the musical tone control signal. 4. An electronic musical instrument comprising a keyboard device having a key which pivots about a fulcrum portion in response to a key depression operation, wherein the fulcrum portion is configured to be movable up and down, and the lower portion or the end portion of the key. A sensor for detecting the rotation and the vertical movement of the key is provided, and a control means for generating a musical tone control signal based on the output of the sensor and a sound source means for generating a musical tone signal based on the musical tone control signal are provided. An electronic musical instrument characterized by doing