JPH0733680Y2 - Extruder - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial field of application) The present invention relates to an extruder mainly used for forming a sheet of fiber-structured food or synthetic resin, which is a raw material of animal / vegetable protein. .

(Prior Art) For example, fish meat or vegetable protein is melted by applying pressure and temperature with a screw extruder, and reorganized into a dense and unidirectionally arranged fibrous tissue to form a sheet having a new texture. As a technique for producing food, an extrusion device shown in FIG. 4 is known. In this conventional technique, the biaxial screw 6 in the barrel 5 is rotated in the same direction or in different directions to crush the raw material,
Mechanical processing such as shearing, kneading, mixing, compression, and heating is performed, and a molten state is extruded into the die holder 3. In the die holder 3, the molten materials are merged and are in a turbulent state due to the influence of the rotation direction of the screw 6, and by passing through one or more breaker plates 7 installed in the adapter 32, the molten material is moved in the flow direction. Alignment (especially in protein material, the alignment of the fibers is aligned). The rectified molten material flows into the nozzle die 34 through the nozzle connection cylinder 33 in which the flow path 35 changes from a circular shape to a slit shape, is cooled and decompressed, and is molded into a thin plate shape and solidified. . The nozzle die 34 is provided with a mechanism for adjusting the thickness of the slit flow path 35, a cooling jacket for cooling and reducing the pressure of the material, and the like, and the length of the nozzle die 34 is formed to be sufficiently long or additionally extendable. Is opened to the atmosphere before the pressure is sufficiently reduced so that molding cannot be performed due to rapid expansion.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In the above-mentioned conventional technique, since the flow passage cross-sectional area in the die holder 3 is large and the flow passage until the molten material is rectified is long,
There is a large flow velocity difference between the wall surface and the center of the flow, and
When the nozzle connecting tube 33 guides a cylindrical flow from a cylindrical flow into a thin sheet and when flowing in the nozzle die 34, the flow is turbulent due to a large resistance at the flow path wall surface, especially at both ends in the sheet width direction. Has problems such as disorder.

According to the present invention, the flow is rectified while eliminating the difference in the flow velocity of each part of the molten material, and the molten material is formed into a cylindrical shape and then cut in the direction of the flow. An object of the present invention is to provide an extrusion device capable of forming a sheet-shaped extruded product.

(Means for Solving the Problem) As a concrete means for solving the problem in the present invention, a die holder is attached to the downstream end of a barrel in which two screws are rotatably arranged, and a breaker plate is provided in a flow path in the die holder. In the extrusion device, in which the die is attached to the downstream end of the die holder, the breaker plate in the die holder is fitted with an upstream tapered cone cap concentric with the breaker plate, and the die is inserted through a ball joint on the downstream side of the cone cap. This is to connect the cores, fix the die outer cylinder that forms a cylindrical flow path with the die core to the die holder, and arrange the flow direction cutting tool at the end of the cylindrical flow path.

(Operation) The high temperature and high pressure molten material extruded by the biaxial screw 6 is changed from a cylindrical shape to an annular flow by the upstream side tapered cone cap 8 and then quickly passed through the breaker plate to be rectified, During this time, due to the reflux and the short distance from the biaxial screw 6 to the breaker plate 7 passage, the flow velocity does not become uneven, the residence time is shortened, and the deterioration of the material is prevented. Entering the cylindrical flow path 20 between the core 12 and the die outer cylinder 13 to be cooled and decompressed to be formed into a thin cylindrical material, which has uniform properties all around, and when extruded from the die outer cylinder 13. It is cut in the flow direction by the cutting tool 30 to form a thin sheet product having a uniform width. When the material has a non-uniform flow resistance in the circumferential direction during a cylindrical flow, the die core slightly tilts with respect to the cone cap by a ball joint, and self-centers to make the flow resistance uniform.

Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In FIGS. 1 to 3, the extrusion device 1 has a die 4 fixed to the extrusion side of a twin-screw extruder 2 via a die holder 3. Two
The axial extruder 2 has two screws 6 rotatably arranged in a barrel 5 whose temperature is adjustable.
Are rotated in the same direction or in different directions, and the animal / vegetable protein raw material or the synthetic resin raw material is crushed, sheared, kneaded, mixed, compressed, heated, etc., and melted and extruded into the die holder 3.

The die holder 3 is rotatably or detachably attached to the barrel 5, has a material pressure gauge, a thermometer, a thermocouple, and the like, and a band heater 11 is provided on the outer periphery thereof. A disk-shaped breaker plate 7 is arranged in the die holder 3, and a cone cap 8 is attached to the breaker plate 7 so as to penetrate through the center thereof.

The cone cap 8 has a tapered shape on the upstream side, and the tip thereof is close to the two screws 6, so that the molten material extruded from the twin-screw extruder 2 is promptly changed into a reflux. The return path 9 between the cone cap 8 and the die holder 3 becomes narrower toward the downstream side.

The breaker plate 7 is arranged across the reflux passage 9, and a large number of pores 10 are formed in the peripheral portion of the breaker plate 7, so that the molten material passing through the reflux passage 9 is subdivided and rectified. By inserting a shim into the end surface of the breaker plate 7, the position of the cone cap 8 in the flow direction can be adjusted, and retention in the return passage 9 can be prevented.

The die 4 has a die core 12, a die outer cylinder 3, a cover cylinder 14, a cooling mechanism 15, and the like. The die core 12 is formed of a pipe material, and the connecting tool 16 at the tip thereof has a concave spherical surface 17 on the upstream side, and slidably makes surface contact with the downstream side of the cone cap 8 formed on the convex spherical surface 18. ing. 19 is a ball joint, a connecting tool
It is screwed to 16, and its spherical portion 19a is located at the center of the spherical surfaces 17 and 18, and a small gap is provided between the shaft portion 19b and the cone cap 8 so that the die core 12 is spherical. It is allowed to tilt slightly around the portion 19a.

The die outer cylinder 13 is formed of a pipe material having a slightly larger diameter than the die core 12 in order to form a cylindrical flow path 20 between the die outer cylinder 13 and the die core 12.
A spiral partition plate 21 is fixed to the outer periphery thereof, and a cover cylinder 14 is provided so as to surround the spiral partition plate 21, and both ends of the die outer cylinder 13 and the cover cylinder 14 are fixed to the connecting plate 22. Has been done.

Since the length of the die 4 is set according to the type of processing material, the die outer cylinder 13 and the cover cylinder 14 are separable in the longitudinal direction in FIG. 1, and the die core 12 is the outer die. Cylinder
It can be replaced with one that fits 13 lengths. Reference numeral 23 is a split ring body that connects the two connecting plates 22.

A guide ring 26 is provided between the upstream side of the die outer cylinder 13 and the breaker plate 7.
The inner peripheral surface of 26 is a tapered surface on the downstream side, and the reflux after passing through the breaker plate 7 is gradually made into a thin annular shape so that the material has a cylindrical flow path between the die core 12 and the die outer cylinder 13. I'm trying to flow smoothly into. The guide ring 26 also serves to position the breaker plate 7 with respect to the die holder 3.

The cooling mechanism 15 is for cooling and depressurizing the material in the cylindrical flow path 20 from the inside of the die core 12 and the outside of the die outer cylinder 13.
The inner one is formed by a cooling pipe 27 inserted into the die core 12, an inlet mouthpiece 28 is connected to the outer end of the cooling pipe 27, and an outlet mouthpiece 29 is provided at the outer end of the die core 12. The cooling water entered from the inlet cap 28 flows into the die core 12 from the inner end of the cooling pipe 27, cools the die core 12 from the inner peripheral side, and then is discharged from the outlet cap 29. Further, for the outer side, a water channel is formed by the die outer cylinder 13, the partition plate 21, and the cover cylinder 14, and an inlet mouthpiece 28 and an outlet mouthpiece 29 are provided in each of the three divided cover cylinders 14, The cooling water entered from the inlet cap 28 cools the die outer cylinder 14 substantially uniformly from the outer peripheral side while passing through the spiral water passage, and is discharged from the outlet cap 29.

A cutting tool 30 is arranged outside the die outer cylinder 13 on the downstream side. The cutting tool 30 is provided to cut the product extruded from the cylindrical flow path 20 along the flow, and the product has a cylindrical shape when extruded from the cylindrical flow path 20. The sheet is cut into one or more sheets by cutting at one or more locations in the circumferential direction by 30.

The optimum operating conditions of the twin-screw extruder 2 at the time of extrusion molding in the extruder 1 are, for example, in the case of animal protein such as fish surimi, the material temperature is set to 140 to 180 ° C and the pressure is set to 30 to 150 kg / cm ² , respectively. In the case of vegetable protein such as defatted soybean flour, the material temperature is set to 12 to 180 ° C. and the pressure is set to ²⁰ to 100 kg / cm ² .

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, but can be modified in various ways. For example, a plurality of straightening guide vanes parallel or inclined to the shaft 13 are provided on the outer circumference of the cone cap 8 to restrain the spiral movement of the molten material due to the influence of the rotation direction of the screw 6, and to restrict the flow in the axial direction. And is equally distributed in the circumferential direction so that the material flow to the breaker plate 7 is not biased or turbulent is generated, or two or more breaker plates 7 are provided, or a cooling pipe 27 is provided. A spiral partition plate may be provided between the die core 12 and the die core 12.

(Effect of the Invention) According to the present invention described in detail above, the cone cap is arranged in the die holder to make the flow path of the molten material annular and have a small cross-sectional area. The flow path until the flow is rectified can be shortened, and the reflux material after passing through the breaker plate remains in an annular shape and is guided to the cylindrical flow path between the die core and the die outer cylinder. Therefore, when the material is transferred from the die holder to the die, the flow of the material does not become turbulent and the material flows smoothly, and the material in the die outer cylinder has a uniform resistance in the circumferential direction due to the centering action of the die core. Since a cylindrical shape is processed until it is cut into a sheet shape by a cutting tool, a product with uniform properties and less distortion can be obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 to 3 show an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is an overall cross-sectional view, FIG. 2 is a reduced front view, and FIG. 3 is a side view.
FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view showing a conventional technique. 1 ... Extruder, 2 ... Twin screw extruder, 3 ... Die holder, 4 ... Die, 7 ... Breaker plate, 8 ... Cone cap, 12 ... Die core, 13 ... Die outer cylinder, 19 ……
Ball joint, 20 …… cylindrical channel, 30 …… cutting tool.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. An extruder in which a die holder is attached to a downstream end of a barrel in which two screws are rotatably arranged, a breaker plate is placed in a flow path in the die holder, and a die is attached to a downstream end of the die holder. The breaker plate in the die holder is fitted with a conical upstream side tapered cone cap, and the die core is connected to the downstream side of the cone cap through a ball joint, and a cylindrical flow is formed between the die core and the breaker plate. An extrusion apparatus in which a die outer cylinder forming a passage is fixed to a die holder, and a flow direction cutting tool is arranged at the end of the cylindrical flow path.