JPH07335106A - Polarized electromagnet - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make use of a conical permanent magnet with a complex shape and high cost unnecessary by fixing a pair of plate-shaped yokes with a space between the tips of both erected parts of an almost U-shaped iron core, bridging a rectangular permanent magnet between them, and moving an armature thereon. CONSTITUTION:A coil 3 is wound on a horizontal part 2a of an almost U-shaped iron core 23 comprising the horizontal part 2, and erected parts 2, 2c on both sides of the horizontal part 2a. A pair of plate-shaped yokes 4, 5 are fixed to the same height between tips (magnetic poles) of the standing parts 2b, 2c with a constant space, and a rectangular permanent magnet 6 is bridged between the yokes 4, 5. An armature 7 with a projection 7a is set on the upper surface of the permanent magnet 6, and moves right and left by using the projection 7a as a fulcrum to bring into contact with the left tip (magnetic pole) 2d or the right tip (magnetic pole) 2e. Positioning or position adjusting of the permanent magnet 6 to the armature 7 is made unnecessary and a polar electromagnet 1 whose assembly is simple can be provided.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to improvements in polarized electromagnets.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a conventional polarized electromagnet, and FIG. 6 (a) shows a conventional latching type polarized electromagnet.
(B) shows a single-stable polar electromagnet.

A conventional polar electromagnet 100 includes a coil block 103 assembled by winding a coil 102 around an approximately U-shaped iron core 101, and a magnetic pole 101a and a magnetic pole 1 of the iron core 101.
Mountain-shaped permanent magnet 104 fixed between 01b by laser welding or the like
And the protrusion 10 in contact with the vertex position C of the mountain-shaped permanent magnet 104.
The armature 105 swings to the left and right with the swinging fulcrum 5a as a fulcrum.

For example, when the mountain-shaped permanent magnet 104 is magnetized to have S poles at both ends in the longitudinal direction and the mountain-shaped apex position C is magnetized to N pole as shown in FIG. A polar electromagnet is configured, and when a position separated from the peak-shaped position C of the mountain shape by a predetermined distance L is magnetized to the N pole as shown in FIG. 6B, a single-stable polarized electromagnet is configured.

The armature 105 swings to the left and right with the ridge 105a as a swing fulcrum, and one magnetic pole (for example, the magnetic pole 101a) is applied only when a power source voltage having a predetermined polarity is applied to the coil block 103. To the other magnetic pole (for example,
The connection is switched to the magnetic pole 101b).

[0006]

A conventional polar electromagnet 10
0 is a protrusion 105 of the armature 105 that is in contact with the apex of the mountain-shaped permanent magnet 104 by using the mountain-shaped permanent magnet 104 as the permanent magnet.
Since it is configured to oscillate about a, the dimensional accuracy of the mountain-shaped permanent magnet 104 is required to be high, and
The shape is complicated and the cost is increased.

The mountain-shaped permanent magnet 104 and the armature 105 are also provided.
In order to maintain an appropriate positional relationship with, the mountain-shaped permanent magnet 104 is required to be fixed between the facing magnetic poles 101a and 101b of the iron core 101 by laser welding or the like, which makes the assembly complicated.

Further, the magnetizing position of the N pole of the mountain-shaped permanent magnet 104 must be different for the latching type and the single-stable type, and the magnetized mountain-shaped permanent magnet 104 is a latching type or a single-stable type by visual check. Since it cannot be distinguished, magnetizing work and management are troublesome.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to make a simple structure without using an expensive mountain-shaped permanent magnet having a complicated shape, and to align and adjust the permanent magnet and the armature, and to assemble them. Is to provide a simple polarized electromagnet. Another object is to allow the latching type and the single stable type to share a permanent magnet.

[0010]

In order to achieve the above object, a polarized electromagnet of the present invention has a substantially U-shaped iron core consisting of a horizontal portion and right and left rising portions of the horizontal portion, and a wound around the horizontal portion. The wound coil, a pair of flat plate yokes fixed at the same height with a fixed gap between each tip of the left and right rising parts, and a magnetic pole in the up-and-down direction that is spanned between these flat plate yokes. And a rectangular permanent magnet having an armature that abuts a ridge on the upper surface of the rectangular permanent magnet and swings left and right with this ridge as a swing fulcrum and contacts the tip of the left or right rising portion. Constitute.

Further, the pair of flat plate yokes are fixed to the respective left and right rising portions of the iron core by press fitting.

Further, by selecting a pair of flat plate yokes symmetrical to each other with respect to the center line between the tip portions of the iron core and a pair of flat plate yokes asymmetrical to each other, The position of the permanent magnet can be set.

[0013]

[Function] Since the rectangular permanent magnet is laid between the pair of flat yokes, the structure is simple. Further, since the permanent magnet has a simple rectangular shape, it is not necessary to align or adjust the permanent magnet and the armature. Further, the flat plate yoke is separated into a pair of left and right parts and fixed to the respective tip parts of the left and right rising parts of the iron core, whereby the plate yoke is fixed to the respective tip parts without being deformed.

A pair of flat plate yokes are press-fitted to the respective leading end portions of the right and left rising portions of the iron core, so that a magnetic circuit can be formed without impairing the magnetic efficiency between the flat plate yoke and the iron core. Constitute.

A pair of flat plate yokes can be set by setting the arrangement positions of the rectangular permanent magnets by selecting flat plate yokes that are symmetrical to each other and flat plate yokes that are asymmetric to each other. A latching type polarized electromagnet and a single-stable type polarized electromagnet can be configured by sharing members other than the above.

[0016]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings should be viewed in the direction of the reference numerals.
First, a first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. Figure 1
FIG. 3 is an assembled sectional view of a polarized electromagnet according to the present invention, in which the polarized electromagnet 1 constitutes a latching type (bistable type) polarized electromagnet.

The polar electromagnet 1 has a substantially U-shaped iron core 2 composed of a horizontal portion 2a and left and right rising portions 2b and 2c of the horizontal portion 2a, a coil 3 wound around the horizontal portion 2a, and left and right sides. And a pair of left and right flat plate-like yokes 4 and 5 fixed at the same height with a fixed interval between the respective tip end portions (magnetic poles) 2d and 2e of the rising portions 2b and 2c of the flat plate-like yoke 4, 5, the rectangular permanent magnet 6 is bridged, and the ridge 7a is brought into contact with the upper surface of the rectangular permanent magnet 6 and oscillates left and right with the ridge 7a as a swing fulcrum to move the left or right tip (magnetic pole). ) 2d, 2e.

Then, an iron core 2 whose both sides are substantially covered with resin coil frames 8 and a coil 3 wound around the iron core 2.
The structure consisting of and forms the coil block 9. The coil block 9 applies a power supply voltage whose polarity is determined in advance to a power supply terminal (not shown), so that the magnetic pole 2d corresponding to the direction of the current flowing through the coil 3 (law of the right hand thumb),
2e polarity (N pole, S pole) is set, while coil 3
The magnetic flux is proportional to the product of the number of turns of the current and the value of the current flowing through the coil 3 (ampere turn, magnetomotive force), and is inversely proportional to the resistance of the magnetic circuit (magnetic resistance).

The pair of flat plate yokes 4 and 5 are formed symmetrically with each other so that the magnetic resistances on both sides are equal to the center line X between the tip portions (magnetic poles) 2d and 2e of the iron core 2. Has been done. The upper surface of these flat yokes 4 and 5 has a recess 4
a and 5a are formed. The flat plate yokes 4 and 5 are fixed to the iron core 2 by press-fitting the fitting holes 4b and 5b into the tip portions 2d and 2e of the rising portions 2b and 2c. Here, the wide upper end surface 8 of each coil frame 8 is
a and 8a are formed at the same height, and the pair of flat plate yokes 4 and 5 are set to the same height by abutting their lower surfaces on the upper end surfaces 8a and 8a.

The rectangular permanent magnet 6 is formed in conformity with the shapes and dimensions of the recesses 4a, 5a so as to be arranged in the recesses 4a, 5a, and further, the lower surface side in contact with the bottom surfaces of the recesses 4a, 5a has an S pole. , Is magnetized so that the upper surface side becomes the N pole. The armature 7 is disposed so as to swing to the left and right at the center line X position with the ridge 7a as a swing fulcrum.

As described above, the polar electromagnet 1 has a bilaterally symmetrical structure about the cross section obtained by vertically lowering the center line X, and enables the latching operation.

Next, the procedure for assembling the polar electromagnet 1 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of the procedure for assembling the polarized electromagnet according to the present invention. First, the coil 3 is wound around the iron core 2 to form the coil block 9. Next, the fitting holes 4b and 5b are press-fitted into the left and right rising portions 2b and 2c, and the lower surfaces of the flat plate yokes 4 and 5 are brought into contact with the upper end surfaces 8a and 8a. As a result, the flat yokes 4 and 5 are connected to the tip portions (magnetic poles) 2d and 2
It is fixed at the same height with a certain space between e.

Thereafter, the recesses 4a of the flat yokes 4 and 5 are
A rectangular permanent magnet 6 is arranged in 5a. Finally, the armature 7 is arranged on the rectangular permanent magnet 6 to complete the assembly. Thus, the polar electromagnet 1 can be assembled from one direction.

Next, the operation of the polarized electromagnet 1 (latching type polarized electromagnet) having the above-mentioned structure will be described with reference to FIG. Figure 3
(A)-(d) is operation | movement explanatory drawing of a polar electromagnet. Figure 3
(A) shows a stable state of non-excitation in which no power supply voltage is applied to the coil block 9, and the armature 7 has ends 7b and 7c.
Are both N poles depending on the magnetization state of the rectangular permanent magnet 6, while the magnetic pole 2d is an S pole and the magnetic pole 2e is an N pole, so that the armature 7 is in contact with the magnetic pole 2d side. . In this state, a magnetic circuit is formed by the loop of the magnetic pole 2d, the left plate yoke 4, the rectangular permanent magnet 6, the armature 7 and the magnetic pole 2d, and the magnetic flux Φ1 is generated in the direction of the arrow.

Immediately after excitation from the non-excited state when a power supply voltage is applied to the coil block 9 as shown in FIG. 3B, the electromagnet constituted by the coil block 9 has a magnetic pole 2d from an S pole to an N pole.
The magnetic pole 2e changes from the N pole to the S pole,
Repulsive force acts on the armature 7 and the magnetic pole 2d, and attractive force acts on the armature 7 and the magnetic pole 2e. In this state,
In addition to the magnetic flux Φ1 in (a), the iron core 2 accompanying the application of the power supply voltage
→ Left plate yoke 4 → Rectangular permanent magnet 6 → Armature 7 → Magnetic pole 2e → Magnetic circuit is formed by loop of iron core 2 and magnetic flux Φ
2 occurs.

FIG. 3C shows an inverted state in which the armature 7 separates from the magnetic pole 2d side and contacts the magnetic pole 2e side from the state of FIG. 3B. In this state, the rectangular permanent magnet 6 forms a magnetic circuit in the loop of the magnetic pole 2e → the right plate yoke 5 → the rectangular permanent magnet 6 → the armature 7 → the magnetic pole 2e, and the magnetic flux Φ3.
And a magnetic circuit is formed by the loop of iron core 2 → left plate yoke 4 → rectangular permanent magnet 6 → armature 7 → magnetic pole 2e → iron core 2 by the electromagnet, and magnetic flux Φ1 is generated. ing.

From this state, when the power supply voltage is removed, FIG.
The state moves to the state of (d), and the armature 7 contacts the magnetic pole 2e and maintains a stable state. In this state, by the rectangular permanent magnet 6, the magnetic pole 2e → the right plate yoke 5 → the rectangular permanent magnet 6 →
A magnetic circuit is formed by the loop of the armature 7 → the magnetic pole 2e, and the magnetic flux Φ3 is generated.

Incidentally, when the armature 7 is brought into contact with the magnetic pole 2d from this state, the polarity of the power supply voltage can be reversed and applied to the coil block 9.

Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. The same components as those in the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.
FIG. 4 is an assembled cross-sectional view of the polarized electromagnet according to the present invention, in which the polarized electromagnet 11 is asymmetrical with respect to the center line X vertically lowered to form a single stable type (monostable type). It constitutes a polarized electromagnet. The polarized electromagnet 11 includes an iron core 2, a coil 3, and a pair of flat plate yokes 14 and 15
And a rectangular permanent magnet 6 and an armature 7.

The pair of flat plate yokes 14 and 15 are left-right asymmetrical so that the magnetic resistance on both sides is different with respect to the center line X between the tip portions (magnetic poles) 2d and 2e of the iron core 2 (left side). The flat plate yoke 14 is formed in a shape longer than the right flat plate yoke 15). Recesses 14a and 15a are formed on the upper surfaces of these flat yokes 14 and 15, respectively. In addition, 14
Reference numerals b and 15b are fitting holes press-fitted into the rising portions 2b and 2c.

The rectangular permanent magnet 6 has concave portions 14a, 15a.
It is formed in accordance with the shapes and dimensions of the recesses 14a and 15a so as to be disposed inside. The rectangular permanent magnet 6 is located at a position biased to the magnetic pole 2d side (left side in this figure). Therefore, when the coil block 9 is in the non-excited state, the magnetic circuit formed by the magnetic force of the rectangular permanent magnet 6 is always biased to the magnetic pole 2d side. The armature 7 is disposed so as to swing to the left and right at the center line X position with the ridge 7a as a swing fulcrum.

As described above, the polar electromagnet 11 has the center line X
Since the rectangular permanent magnet 6 is arranged at one position deviated from (left side position in this figure), the armature 7 is in a monostable state in which the armature 7 contacts the magnetic pole 2d in the non-excited state of the coil block 9. .

Next, the operation of the polarized electromagnet 11 (single-stable type polarized electromagnet) having the above-mentioned configuration will be described with reference to FIG. 5A to 5C are operation explanatory views of the polarized electromagnet. FIG. 5A shows a non-excited stable state in which the power source voltage is not applied to the coil block 9. The armature 7 has both ends 7b and 7c which are N poles depending on the magnetization state of the rectangular permanent magnet 6, and , The magnetic pole 2d is always S due to the above-mentioned configuration.
Since the pole and the magnetic pole 2e are in the N pole state, the armature 7 is in a stable state in contact with the magnetic pole 2d side. In this state, the magnetic pole 2d → the left plate yoke 14 → the rectangular permanent magnet 6
→ armature 7 → magnetic circuit is formed by loop of magnetic pole 2d,
A magnetic flux Φ11 is generated in the direction of the arrow.

Immediately after excitation from a non-excited state in which a power supply voltage having a predetermined polarity is applied to the coil block 9 as shown in FIG. 5B, the electromagnet constituted by the coil block 9 is
Since the magnetic pole 2d changes from the S pole to the N pole and the magnetic pole 2e changes from the N pole to the S pole, a repulsive force acts on the armature 7 and the magnetic pole 2d, and an attractive force acts on the armature 7 and the magnetic pole 2e. To work. In this state, in addition to the magnetic flux Φ11 of FIG. 3A, the iron core 2 according to the application of the power supply voltage → the left plate yoke 14 → the rectangular permanent magnet 6 → the armature 7 → the magnetic pole 2e → the iron core 2 A magnetic circuit is formed by the loop, and a magnetic flux Φ12 is generated.

FIG. 5C shows an inverted state in which the armature 7 separates from the magnetic pole 2d side and contacts the magnetic pole 2e side from the state of FIG. 5B. In this state, the rectangular permanent magnet 6
The magnetic circuit is formed by the loop of the magnetic pole 2e → the right plate yoke 15 → the rectangular permanent magnet 6 → the armature 7 → the magnetic pole 2e, and the magnetic flux Φ13 is generated. The electromagnet causes the iron core 2 → the left flat plate. The magnetic circuit is formed by the loop of the yoke 14 → the rectangular permanent magnet 6 → the armature 7 → the magnetic pole 2e → the iron core 2 and the magnetic flux Φ1.
4 occurs.

When the power supply voltage is removed from this state, the magnetic resistance of the flat yoke 6 on the magnetic pole 2e side is larger than that on the magnetic pole 2d side.
Further, since the rectangular permanent magnets 6 are arranged biased to the magnetic pole 2d side, the magnetic flux due to the magnetic force of the rectangular permanent magnets 6 becomes larger than the magnetic flux Φ13, and the armature 7 contacts the magnetic pole 2d side and is monostable. Keep the state.

As is apparent from the above description, the flat plate yokes 4 and 5 are symmetrical to each other with respect to the center line X between the tip portions 2d and 2e of the iron core 2 and the asymmetrical type. By selecting the flat plate yokes 14 and 15 to set the arrangement position of the rectangular permanent magnets 6, members other than the pair of flat plate yokes 4, 5, 14 and 15 (rectangular permanent magnets). 6) in common, and the polar electromagnet 1 (latching type polar electromagnet) of the first embodiment and the polar electromagnet 11 of the second embodiment.
(Single-stable polar electromagnet) can be configured very easily.

[0038]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects. The polarized electromagnet according to claim 1 has a pair of flat plate yokes fixed at the same height with a constant interval between the respective tip portions of the left and right rising portions of the iron core,
A rectangular permanent magnet, which has a magnetic pole in the up-down direction, is hung between these flat yokes, and a ridge is brought into contact with the upper surface of the rectangular permanent magnet. ,
Since it consists of an armature that contacts the tip of the rising part, a rectangular permanent magnet with a simple shape can be hung between a pair of flat plate yokes. Since it is not necessary to use the mountain-shaped permanent magnet, the cost can be reduced.

Further, since the permanent magnet has a rectangular shape, the permanent magnet can have a simple structure, and it is not necessary to align or adjust the permanent magnet and the armature. Furthermore, since the flat plate yokes are separated into a pair of left and right parts and fixed to the respective leading end parts of the left and right rising parts of the iron core, a single flat plate yoke is press-fitted between the respective leading end parts of the left and right rising parts. As compared with the case, the plate-like yoke can be prevented from being deformed because it can be firmly fixed.

In the polarized electromagnet according to the second aspect of the present invention, the pair of flat plate yokes are press-fitted to the respective leading end portions of the right and left rising portions of the iron core, so that the magnetism between the flat plate yoke and the iron core is increased. Assembling is easy because there is no loss in efficiency and there is no need to fix it by laser welding or the like.

According to a third aspect of the polarized electromagnet, a pair of plate-like yokes symmetrical to each other with respect to the center line between the tip portions of the iron core and a pair of plate-like yokes symmetrical to each other are provided. By selecting the arrangement position of the rectangular permanent magnets by selecting, the members (including the rectangular permanent magnets) other than the pair of flat plate yokes are shared, and the latching type polarized electromagnet and the single stable Type electromagnet can be constructed very easily.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an assembled sectional view of a polarized electromagnet (first embodiment) according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of an assembling procedure of the polarized electromagnet (first embodiment) according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an operation explanatory diagram of a polarized electromagnet (first embodiment) according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an assembled cross-sectional view of a polarized electromagnet (second embodiment) according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an operation explanatory view of a polarized electromagnet (second embodiment) according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a conventional polarized electromagnet.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 11 ... Polarized electromagnet, 2 ... Iron core, 2a ... Horizontal part, 2b
... Left rising part, 2c ... Right rising part, 2d, 2e ... Tip part (magnetic pole), 3 ... Coil, 4, 14 ... Left flat plate yoke 4a, 14a ... Recessed part, 4b, 14b ... Fitting Holes, 5,
15 ... Right flat plate yoke 5a, 15a ... Recessed portion, 5b, 1
5b ... Fitting hole, 6 ... Rectangular permanent magnet, 7 ... Armature, 7a
... ridges, 7b, 7c ... end portions, 8 ... coil frame, 8a ... upper end surface, 9 ... coil il block.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A substantially U-shaped iron core composed of a horizontal portion and left and right rising portions of the horizontal portion, a coil wound around the horizontal portion, and a constant distance between the respective tip portions of the left and right rising portions. A pair of flat plate yokes fixed at the same height with a space between them, a rectangular permanent magnet having magnetic poles in the up-and-down direction that are hung between these flat plate yokes, and on the upper surface of this rectangular permanent magnet. A polarized electromagnet consisting of an armature that abuts a ridge and swings left and right with the ridge as a swing fulcrum and contacts the tip of the left or right rising portion. 2. The polarized electromagnet according to claim 1, wherein the pair of flat plate yokes are fixed to each tip of the left and right rising portions by press fitting. 3. The pair of flat plate yokes include a flat plate yoke which is bilaterally symmetrical to each other with respect to a center line between the respective tip portions of the iron core, and a flat plate yoke which is bilaterally asymmetrical to each other. The polar electromagnet according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the arrangement position of the rectangular permanent magnet can be set by selecting the position.