JPH07332607A - Chaff heater for green house - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To stabilize temperature in a green house, such as a house for cultivating fruits, for a long time and to produce a necessary minimum limit heating effect by a method wherein an infinite number of through-holes are formed in an outer peripheral surface positioned approximately in the same level as that of an assembly type surrounding plate part and a charge port for live charcoal to make a fire, having an openable cover, is installed in a proper place on the outer peripheral surface thereabove to form a flue gas cylinder part. CONSTITUTION:A given range on the lower end side forms a trumpet-form spreading- out part 31 and the spreading diameter of the release port thereof is regulated to size enough to allow it to contain in a space between ash discharge parts 12 formed on both sides of the bottom plate of a bottom support plate part 1. An infinite number of through-holes 16 are formed in an outer peripheral surface positioned approximately in the same level as that of an assembly type surrounding plate part 2 and a port 34 for charging a live charcoal to make a fire with an openable cover is formed in a proper position thereabove on the outer peripheral surface to provide a flue gas cylinder part 3. This constitution stabilizes temperature in a green house, such as a house for cultivating, fruits, for a long time by combustion characteristics specific to chaff.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Object of the Invention]

[0001] This invention uses rice husks, which are produced in large quantities in rice farmers but are mostly treated as disturbers, to produce high-quality fruits, such as grapes and cherries, for early-stage cultivation which are mainly cultivated and shipped in greenhouses. , A new structure that can be used as a fuel source that can provide the minimum heating effect that is stable for a long time to prevent the temperature from falling below the temperature required for flowering and fruiting to be affected. Is intended to provide a greenhouse heater.

[0002]

[Prior Art] Japan, which has made remarkable progress and has become an economic superpower envied by other countries, has publicly announced its liberalization policy for various agricultural products as one of the policies to reduce its surplus.
Some of them have already been put into practice and are throwing various ripples into the industry involved. Regarding the fruits of the liberalization of agricultural products, it was reported that imports of American apples will begin from this autumn, following fruits of mandarin oranges and cherries, making it one of Japan's leading producers of not only cherries but also apples. Fruit farms in Yamagata Prefecture, the Kingdom of Fruit Trees, faced the problem of how to produce inexpensive fruits, including apples, that can be counteracted against a large amount of foreign fruits, and seek effective measures for that purpose. continuing.

Agricultural products in Japan have a long-standing protection policy, labor costs soar in the process of growing into an economic superpower, and weaknesses such as microscale production. They are forced to set extremely expensive prices that they cannot. The circumstances of fruit-growing farmers are no different from those of other farmers, and they have begun to consider urgent price measures in order to expand the scale and rationalize production as much as possible, but there is a limit to that. Since the farmers themselves are fully aware of this, as with cherries, the policy is to produce high-quality, high-value-added fruits that are price-friendly in the future, as is the case with cherries. Various attempts have been made for grapes, apples, and the like.

As one of the attempts, production of greenhouse-grown fruits by greenhouses, which is well controlled in quality and capable of adjusting the shipping time, is gradually being put into practice. The production of this greenhouse-grown fruit is relatively easy to carry out as compared with the case where the measures against wind and rain, pests, diseases, etc. are open, and it is possible to produce high-quality fruits, and the production time is adjusted to give early or Although it has the advantage that it can increase the added value by shipping fruits with rare value out of season, such as late-arriving fruits, on the other hand, be prepared for an unexpected economic burden for environmental control inside the house. Since there is also the danger of being foolish, miscalculations on this side can lead to a dire situation in which no economic effect can be achieved.

At present, environmental control in this house,
Especially on the heating side, the mainstream is to use heavy oil as fuel, and although it is certainly cheaper than other fuels, grapes and cherries, such as grapes and cherries, are produced locally in Yamagata Prefecture If you try to do so, you have to manage the cultivation from the time when it may fall below the temperature required for flowering and fruiting, and the heating to avoid the effect is that the heating area is vast, In particular, because it is a cheap fuel, it consumes a large amount because it is mainly nighttime heating and will continue to be heated for a long time.
The fuel consumption will be a considerable burden and will reach the cultivated farmers. In fact, this greenhouse cultivation trial also
It must be said that trials are in the process of being marginalized.

Therefore, while holding the above situation,
As one of the fruit-growing farmers who continue to grow greenhouses, because of the urgent need to improve fuel efficiency, we paid attention to the rice husks that are produced as cheap and in large quantities and are treated as troublesome by rice farmers. We have repeated experiments to make effective use of it as heating fuel.

[0007] Rice husk is a cheap and abundant material, but since it lacks positive combustibility itself, it has a combustion efficiency so that a person can warm it as a so-called "fir glass stove" for household appliances. If you try to raise it, you will need a special structure for that, it will be an expensive thing, the advantage that cheap fuel can be used will be diminished, and if you manage to burn it, a large amount of ash It became stagnant and tightened, and it became difficult to burn while supplying the rice husks as it was, and there was a resentment that it would require management time to eliminate it, so far, The value of this rice husk as a fuel source has been scarcely recognized, and it has been a long time since it was barely used as padding for underdrain, and each farmer burned it in the fields over time. Luke, turned left and disposal to worse, were those that does not become doubles that pollute the environment.

In the present invention, from the repeated experimental results using the chaff, the characteristic of the chaff, which is unique to the chaff, that is, the positive combustibility is applied, but a certain amount is accumulated in a pile-up. When it is piled up and started to ignite and burn in its approximate center, a phenomenon of burning up at once cannot naturally occur, but it will never disappear even if something containing a little water is mixed, in other words If this is done, once burned out, it has the characteristic that combustion is rich after ignition to the extent that it cannot be extinguished easily with a slight amount of water spraying, and that rapid combustion efficiency does not increase in an approximately natural standing state. Therefore, it is not possible to expect the temperature to be warm enough for humans to burn, but the environment in the greenhouse for fruit cultivation is kept within a temperature range that does not interfere with the opening and fruiting of fruit trees. efficiency By utilizing the characteristic that it can be obtained in reverse, mainly in greenhouses such as greenhouses for fruit cultivation, it was made possible to obtain a minimum required heating effect stably for a long time, and burn the chaff as detailed below. It is intended to provide a greenhouse heater with a new structure that is utilized as a source.

[0009]

The greenhouse chaff heater for a greenhouse according to the present invention basically has the following constitution. That is, a rising frame for restricting a shroud is formed on the periphery, and bottom receiving parts with legs having ash discharge parts formed of drawer lids are formed on both sides of the back surface of the bottom plate. An assembling type enclosing plate portion that is contacted and held to form a cylindrical body having a predetermined height that substantially matches the planar shape of the bottom receiving portion with legs, and a predetermined range at the lower end side is a trumpet-like diverging portion, The open diameter of the opening is regulated to a size that can fit between the ash discharge parts formed on both sides of the bottom plate of the bottom receiving part, and is located at substantially the same height as the prefabricated enclosure plate part. It is a fir-garden heater for greenhouses, which is composed of a smoke exhaust tube section in which a myriad of through holes are bored in the outer peripheral surface up to the surrounding area, and a fire seed inlet with an opening / closing lid is installed in a proper place above the outer peripheral surface.

More specifically, the construction of the greenhouse chaff heater for a greenhouse according to the present invention is used for regulating a shroud formed on the periphery of a bottom receiving portion with legs having ash discharging portions formed of drawer lids on both sides of the bottom plate rear surface. A cylindrical hull storage space that is held alongside the inside of the rising frame and has a preassembled enclosing plate portion of a predetermined height that is expanded and erected, the lower end side of which is abutted and held inside the enclosing plate regulating rising frame. On the other hand, a predetermined range on the lower end side is a trumpet-shaped divergent portion, and the divergent diameter of the opening is such that it fits substantially between the ash discharging portions formed on both sides of the bottom plate of the bottom receiving portion. In addition to being regulated and formed, a myriad of through holes are formed in the outer periphery up to the same height as the assembly type enclosing plate portion, and a fire seed inlet with an opening / closing lid is installed in an appropriate place above the outer peripheral surface. The smoke exhaust tube that consists of It is arranged so that it is located between the ash discharge parts formed on both sides of the bottom plate of the section, and after filling the chaffed debris storage space with chaffed debris, it throws fire from the above-mentioned fire seed inlet and the outer peripheral surface of the smoke exhaust tube It is characterized by igniting the chaffs that come into contact with the chaff through the same hole and gradually burning the chaffs accumulated in the chaff storage area toward the outside from the flared end of the smoke stack. It can also be shown as a heater.

The bottom receiving portion with legs may be formed of metal such as iron plate or casting, or may be formed of concrete, bricks, tiles or the like individually or in combination, but the unit price or the unit price thereof Considering the handleability, it is most advantageous to manufacture it as a metal, also made of an iron plate. The surrounding plate is bent, or the enclosure plate is erected by welding or screwing the strip plate. It is a box-shaped one having a rising frame for regulation, and its planar shape is not particularly limited, and it may be circular or elliptical or the like, of course, but from the viewpoint of manufacturing etc., it is desirable to have a rectangular shape. , At least three or more legs are formed on the back surface in a well-balanced manner, and the bottom receiving part is stable when it is separated from the ground surface in the greenhouse by at least about 10 cm, and ash can be taken out after chaffing. While so that the easy, heat dissipation from the bottom receiving portion of the combustion process must be as of the structures as not to damage the roots and propagated to the roots of fruit through the ground.

It should be noted that the rising frame for restricting the enclosure plate is not only provided around the entire periphery of the bottom receiving portion, but also the lower end of the assembling type enclosure plate, such as one standing upright at a required place, has a bottom receiving portion. There is no problem even if they have such a structure that they do not spill out from the inside and spill the rice husks stored inside. Further, the leg portions arranged on the back surface of the bottom receiving portion include not only the leg portions that have been welded in advance but also the assembly type or the simple mounting type.

Further, the bottom receiving portion should be formed in a portion having a ash discharging portion composed of a drawer lid on both sides of the portion, excluding the central portion supporting the smoke exhaust tube portion of the divergent portion described later. Except for the gap for sliding this drawer lid,
In particular, it does not form an active vent hole or other vent hole that stimulates ventilation unlike the conventional ones. This is because rice husks are naturally left in an extremely normal deposition state, and air is supplied from each gap by a natural introduction method, so that stable burning can be continued for a long time with jiwajiwa, which is one of the characteristic points of rice husk combustion. This is one of the indispensable configurations in order to achieve. However, in the center of the bottom receiving part that is not covered by the bottom end spread part of the smoke exhaust and does not directly touch the chaff, it is possible to improve the ignition efficiency to the chaff and to eliminate the exhaust when burning the chaff. Since it is necessary to enhance the smoke effect (the action of inducing an ascending air flow), it is possible to appropriately form a through hole or a vent hole such as a slit.

The prefabricated shroud part is attached and supported along the inside of the rising frame for restricting the shroud of the bottom receiving part with legs, and has a predetermined height (burning time) along the plane shape of the bottom receiving part. Depending on the amount of chaff you need, it is determined by the relationship with the area of the bottom receiving part. ) Is formed so as to be a tubular body, and can be assembled and disassembled at any time, for example, the folding part has a hinge structure, and the start end and the end are appropriately hooked or other known means. I made it into a kimono,
Alternatively, a plate-like object that is divided into several pieces according to the planar shape of the bottom receiving part can be slidably fitted along each end, or can be connected by a crotch plate-shaped member at both ends. To form a tubular body, or pipes and other struts are erected at required points according to the flat shape of the bottom receiving part, and wall plates are used as supporting parts. Those that stand upright to form a tubular body, etc. that can fulfill the function of an enclosure for depositing chaffs on the bottom receiving part to a predetermined height, as long as they can be assembled and disassembled Any structure may be used, and the structure is not particularly limited.

The smoke exhaust tube portion has a lower end side that spreads like a trumpet, and an upper end side that is a tube body part that is used in a so-called chimney (both of which have an integrated structure or a separable structure. Good.),
The divergence diameter of the divergent opening opening is large enough not to hit the ash discharging portion formed on the bottom plate of the bottom receiving portion (in other words, the ash discharging portion is formed at a position not hitting the diverging opening opening). And the outer peripheral surface up to about the same height position as the assembly type enclosing plate portion (the entire end widened portion and a part of the pipe body portion, or the pipe body portion only at the end widened portion). (There are two types of cases that do not include) There are innumerable through holes (of course, holes of a diameter that does not allow husks to pass through) are drilled, and the outer peripheral surface above it, that is, the fire point It must be equipped with an opening with a lid for opening a fire, which is placed at a height that does not hinder the introduction.

It should be noted that the upper end side of the tube portion of the smoke exhaust tube portion is appropriately guided to the outside of the facility such as a greenhouse by an extension pipe to prevent the facility from being filled with smoke. In addition, this greenhouse rice husk heater uses an upper lid that closes the upper end of the assembly type enclosing plate to prevent any smoke from leaking from parts other than the smoke exhaust tube, and the position of the smoke exhaust tube and It also includes those that fulfill the function of restricting the spread of the assembly type enclosing board part and ensure the safety correspondence, but the place of use is inside the facility such as a greenhouse installed in the orchard Since it is a target and it is a place where it is relatively unnecessary to deal with them, the upper lid may be omitted in some cases, and even if the upper lid is adopted, wire mesh is stretched or punching metal is used. With the structure using, it is possible to adopt an upper lid which is advantageous in terms of breathability and handleability. Hereinafter, a description will be given of a greenhouse chaff heater for a greenhouse having a structure representative of the present invention shown in the drawings, to help understanding of a technical idea relating to the configuration of the chaff heater for a greenhouse included in the present invention.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS As shown in the central longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 and the exploded perspective view of FIG. 2, a greenhouse rice husk heater representative of the present invention has a bottom receiving portion 1 having a substantially square shape. The ash discharge ports 12 and 12 are hollowed out in a rectangular shape in the left and right symmetrical arrangements of the surrounding sill, and the ash discharge ports 12 and 12 are hollowed out so as to match with the back surface of the slabs. The pull-out lids 13 and 13 made of flat steel plates that can be operated in a pull-out manner are assembled so as to fit the slide frames 14 and 14, and the leg portions 15 and
15, ... It is formed in the attached structure.

Vent holes 16, 16, ... Are provided in the portion of the bottom receiving portion 1 sandwiched between the ash discharge ports 12, 12 which are symmetrically arranged.
... is pierced, ventilation is evoked in the space surrounded by the end widening portion 31 of the smoke exhaust tube portion 3 to be described later, and the ignition efficiency is improved, and after the ignition, the rice husk smoothly raises the smoke generated in the combustion process. It has the function of facilitating discharge and induction. It is assumed that the drawer lid 13 is formed in a structure in which a reinforcing steel material for reinforcement is welded in the longitudinal direction of the back surface and is extended in the drawer direction to form a drawer handle 13a. The size of the bottom receiving portion 1 in plan view is formed such that one side thereof is substantially equal to or higher than the height of the enclosing plate portion 2 described later, and is folded and handled when not in use or during transportation. It is assumed that the surrounding plate portion 2 to be enclosed has a structure in which the surrounding plate portion 2 is housed in the surrounding plate regulating rising frame 11.

The assembling type enclosing plate portion 2 is made of a flat steel plate which is relatively thin, in other words, thinner than the above-mentioned bottom receiving portion 1 so as to be easily assembled, and has a cylindrical shape according to the plane of the bottom receiving portion 1. A horizontal width that can be assembled into and a predetermined height, for example, a height of about 1.3 m, and a shaft rod insertion bending portion that can realize a hinge structure at the end portions that come into contact with each other when four of them are erected. Is formed in advance, and when the lower part of the bottom receiving part 1 is assembled along the surrounding plate regulating rising frame 11,
Either the shaft rods should be plugged into each other so that it can be realized by the on-site assembly method, or the shaft rods can be pierced between each other in advance to form four sheets that can be folded, Then, they may be expanded into a rectangular tube shape, and the shroud plate portion 2 may be completed by finally inserting the shaft rod only at the start end edge and the end edge thereof.

The smoke exhaust tube portion 3 has a quadrangular pyramid-shaped divergent portion 31 which is housed between the left and right ash discharge holes 12, 12 of the bottom receiving plate portion 1.
And a tubular body portion 32 extending thereabove, both of which are made of iron plates, and they are placed at a predetermined position of the bottom receiving plate portion 1 with an opening of the flared end portion 31 which spreads like a trumpet. In a state in which the surrounding plate portion 2 is arranged as described above, it corresponds to a portion below a portion substantially corresponding to the height of the surrounding plate portion 2 described above, in the middle of the tube body portion 32 in the embodiment, and the surrounding plate portion 2 is about 1.3 m.
Most of the chaffs pass through a part of the lower tube body portion 32 and the entire end spread portion 31 from a position that is raised approximately 1.3 m above the opening of the end spread portion 31 because of the degree. The structure has a large number of through holes 33, 33, ...

Further, a fire seed inlet 34 with an opening / closing lid is provided slightly above the portion of the tube body 32 of the smoke exhaust tube portion 3 where the above-mentioned through holes 33, 33 ,. The opening / closing lid 35 is opened so that a piece of cloth or other ignition material soaked with an ignition accelerating agent such as kerosene can be appropriately charged, and the tubular body portion 32 is inserted into the upper end of the end widening portion 31,
It is designed so that it can be pulled out freely. The tube body 32 of the smoke exhaust tube section 3 is provided with an extension tube body (not shown) on the upper end side thereof so as to guide the smoke in the burning process of fluff to the outside of the greenhouse, and to appropriately blower (for example, , Large fans, etc.) are arranged at necessary points so that the heat from the heater is evenly distributed in the greenhouse, and appropriate means effective for heating efficiency in the greenhouse are combined. desirable.

[0022]

[Effects] The greenhouse fir tree heater of the present invention having the above-described structure has its installation location determined in advance so that it can be arranged in a required number and in an efficient arrangement on the plane arrangement in the greenhouse. After mounting the bottom receiving plate portion 1 on the leg portions 15, 15, ..., Assemble-type enclosure plate portion 2 using the surrounding frame regulating rising frame 11 as a support portion, and further, inside thereof,
The smoke exhaust tube portion 3 is installed so that it is placed in a portion sandwiched by the ash discharge ports 12, 12 of the bottom receiving plate portion 1 with the end widening portion 31 facing downward. An extension pipe part (not shown) is connected to the upper end of the pipe part 32 and assembled so that its final end faces the outside of the greenhouse.

After the assembly is completed in this way, in the greenhouse chaff heater for a greenhouse according to the present invention, after the chaff is filled in the storage space between the enclosure plate 2 and the smoke exhaust tube portion 3 in a full state, the open / close lid 35 of the smoke exhaust tube portion 3 is closed. Then, an ignition material impregnated with an ignition accelerator such as kerosene is introduced through the ignition source introduction port 34. Then, the igniting material descends right below the tube body portion 32 of the smoke exhaust tube portion 3 and reaches the bottom receiving plate portion 1 on which the end spread portion 31 is mounted, and further ignites there, and the flame spreads to the end spread portion 31 and the end spread portion 31. Innumerable through holes 33, 33, ... Pre-drilled in the tubular portion 32.
Through a part of ..., the smoky husk which is in contact with the smoke exhaust tube portion 3 is burned, and the smoky husk starts burning as desired.
Once the chaff has been ignited, the burning characteristics peculiar to chaff are then used to continue the stable combustion from the point of ignition toward the surroundings, and the combustion heat is dissipated to the neighborhood of the chaff heater for greenhouses. The appropriate heating effect will be exhibited for a long time.

Therefore, in the chaffing heater for greenhouses of the present invention, chaff chaff, which is extremely cheap and has been treated as a nuisance, is expected to burn rapidly like other fuel sources in terms of its combustion characteristics. To make the best use of it as a unique fuel source that can obtain the minimum required heating effect over a long period of time by making the best use of the unique feature that is one of the reasons why it is difficult, so to speak While the fuel cost is much more economical than the conventional heavy oil, the device itself has a very simple and rational structure and is easy to assemble and disassemble. Since it can realize a structure that can be realized, it can be provided as a device that is easy to manufacture and inexpensive, and also has the feature that installation work in a greenhouse is extremely easy, making it a heating appliance for a wide greenhouse. Even when using several at the same time, it becomes an extremely economical and easy-to-handle heating appliance, increasing the economic efficiency of fruit-growing farmers aiming at high value-added fruit production, and the management base becomes extremely strict. It is expected that it will exert its great power as one of the existing breakthroughs.

In particular, the greenhouse chaff heater for the greenhouse having the structure shown in the embodiment is the one which exhibits the above-mentioned features of the present invention most effectively, and when not in use or during transportation,
In addition to disassembling the respective parts, it is possible to fold the prefabricated shroud part 2 into the shroud regulating rising frame 11 of the bottom receiving part 1, which is a structure considering further convenience in handling. In addition to that, the drawer lid 13 has a characteristic structure, is easy to manufacture and has a robust structure, and is excellent in terms of durability. It has been obtained. As above
Due to the structure of the greenhouse fluffy heater of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a heating effect suitable for the intended use as expected, and at the same time, it is economical and substantially ideal for handling. It can be said that it has been realized as a heating device for greenhouses and is highly evaluated by fruit-growing farmers.

[Brief description of drawings]

The drawings are based on a representative embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 1 is a central vertical cross-sectional view of a greenhouse fluffy heater according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the same.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Bottom receiving plate part 11 Same rising frame for controlling enclosure plate 12 Same ash discharge part 13 Same drawer lid 14 Same slide frame 15 Same leg part 2 Enclosure plate part 3 Smoke exhaust pipe part 31 Same end spread part 32 Same pipe part 33 Same communication Hole 34 Fire opening with the same lid 35 The same lid

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A riser frame for controlling the enclosure plate is formed on the periphery, and a bottom receiving portion with legs having an ash discharging portion formed of a drawer lid is formed on both sides of the bottom plate rear surface, and a lower end side of the enclosure frame regulating riser frame. An assembling type enclosing plate part that abuts and is held on the inside to form a cylindrical body of a predetermined height that approximately matches the planar shape of the bottom receiving part with legs, and the lower end side predetermined range is the diverging part of the hem widening. The opening diameter of the opening is regulated to a size that substantially fits between the ash discharging portions formed on both sides of the bottom plate of the bottom receiving portion, and is substantially the same as the above-mentioned prefabricated enclosure plate portion. A fir tree heater for greenhouses, which consists of a smoke exhaust tube with an innumerable through holes on the outer peripheral surface up to the height position, and a fire seed inlet with an opening / closing lid installed in a proper place above the outer peripheral surface. 2. An assembling type enclosure of a predetermined height, which is attached to the inside of a riser frame for regulating a surrounding plate formed on the periphery of a bottom receiving portion with legs having an ash discharging portion formed of drawer lids on both sides of the bottom plate rear surface. The plate part is expanded and erected, and the lower end side of the plate part abuts against the inside of the enclosure plate rising frame to form a cylindrical hull storage space that is held, while the lower end side of the skirt expands to a predetermined range. The opening diameter of the opening is regulated to a size that substantially fits between the ash discharge parts formed on both sides of the bottom plate of the bottom receiving part, and the assembly type enclosing plate is substantially formed. In the smoke exhaust tube part, in which a myriad of through holes are drilled in the outer periphery up to the same height as the upper part, and a spark inlet with an opening / closing lid is installed in a proper place above the outer peripheral surface, , So that it is located between the ash discharge parts formed on both sides of the bottom plate of the bottom receiving part. After arranging and controlling, and filling the chaff in the chaff storage space, drop the chaff from the spout input port, ignite through the same hole to the chaff that comes into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the smoke exhaust tube part, and in the chaff storage area. A chaffing heater for greenhouses that gradually burns the accumulated chaffing from the area near the end of the smoke exhaust tube toward the outside.