JPH0732976A - Window material composed of synthetic resin having defrosting performance and its manufacture - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide window material composed of synthetic resin having defrosting performance excellent in durability, and also provide its manufacture which can mass-produce window material composed of synthetic resin stably at low cost. CONSTITUTION:A transparent film 1' which is composed of thermal plastic synthetic resin, and has a plurality of wires 3 and paired electrodes 4a and 4b attached over its surface wherein each aforesaid wire is coated with conductive paste so as to be hardened, is integrally laminated with a base plate section 7 composed of thermal plastic synthetic resin. In this case, the aforesaid window material composed of thermal plastic synthetic resin is manufactured as follows: the transparent films 1 and 1' on which the wires 3 and the electrodes 4a and 4b are formed by means of conductive paste in advance, are mounted within an injection molding metal mold in such a way that a coating surface 1'a is in contact with a cavity wall, and thermal plastic resin is then injected so as to be formed into the base plate section 7, so that the aforesaid window material can thereby be manufactured with the aforesaid components integrally laminated.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a synthetic resin window material used for vehicles and the like, and more particularly to a synthetic resin window material having antifogging performance and a method for producing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, in order to reduce the weight of vehicles, it has been attempted to use synthetic resins as window materials instead of inorganic glass. Of course, in an environment where the temperature and humidity are different on the outside and inside of the vehicle, there is the problem that moisture in the atmosphere will condense on the surface of the window and cloud the window, obstructing the view, and even in the case of synthetic resin window materials. It is the same. To solve this problem, in order to impart anti-fogging property to the synthetic resin window material, it is necessary to add a surfactant to the resin material for molding, or to use a hydrophilic polymer or a material to which a surfactant is added. BACKGROUND ART Coating on the surface of a window material, sticking a film containing a surfactant on the surface of the window material, and the like are performed.

[0003]

According to the above-mentioned methods, the antifog performance can be given to the synthetic resin window material to some extent. However, in these synthetic resin window materials, even if the initial anti-fogging performance is sufficiently obtained, when used for a long period of time, the hydrophilic polymer swells and the surfactant flows out, and the anti-fogging property deteriorates. In addition, since the coating layer and film of the surfactant are inferior in hardness, there is a problem that they are easily scratched.

In order to solve these problems, the present invention provides a synthetic resin window material having excellent durability and anti-fog performance, and such a synthetic resin window material can be stably manufactured at low cost. It is intended to provide a manufacturing method that can be mass-produced.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a synthetic resin window material having antifogging performance of the present invention comprises a thermoplastic synthetic resin, and a surface thereof is coated with a conductive paste and cured. A plurality of lines (3) formed by a transparent film (1 ') having a pair of electrode portions (4a) (4b) connected to one end side and the other end side of these lines (3), and thermoplastic It is characterized by being integrally laminated with a substrate portion (7) made of synthetic resin. In addition, such a method for manufacturing a synthetic resin window material includes (a) a plurality of wires (3) and a plurality of wires (3) made of a conductive paste on the surface of a transparent film (1) (1 ′) made of a thermoplastic synthetic resin. A pair of electrode parts (4a) (4b) connected to each one end side and each other end side of the wire (3) is applied and then cured, (b) this transparent film (1) (1 ') is applied (1'a) is attached to the cavity (6) of the injection molding die (5) so that it contacts the wall of the cavity (6), and (c) the cavity (6) of the die (5) is attached. By injecting thermoplastic synthetic resin,
The substrate portion (7) is formed, and the transparent films (1) and (1 ′) are fused and integrated with the substrate portion (7) by laminating.

Transparent film used in the present invention (1)
Although the kind of the thermoplastic synthetic resin forming (1 ′) is not particularly limited, considering the case of applying a conductor paste described later by printing or the like and then thermosetting,
It is preferable to use one having a heat distortion temperature of 120 ° C. or higher, and examples thereof include polycarbonate, polyarylate, and polysulfone. Such a transparent film (1)
When the thickness of (1 ′) is less than 0.1 mm, it is flown into the molten resin injected into the cavity (6) with high pressure when the substrate part (7) is formed by injection molding described later. Wrinkles may occur. On the other hand, when the thickness exceeds 1 mm, the inner wall of the mold (5), particularly the curved inner wall, does not follow well, and it is difficult to integrate the transparent film (1) (1 ') and the substrate part (7) well. become. Therefore, the thickness of the transparent films (1) and (1 ') is preferably about 0.1 to 1 mm, and more preferably about 0.3 to 0.6 mm.

The conductor paste is a binder such as a polyester resin or vinyl acetate resin, which is in close contact with the conductive metal powder such as silver powder and the transparent film (1) (1 '), or the printability. It is obtained by kneading a solvent such as butyl cellosolve acetate for imparting.
A variety of conductor pastes containing these components are commercially available, and based on silver powder, "Dautite FA-323" and "Dotite F" manufactured by Fujikura Kasei Co., Ltd.
"A-333", "Doutite FA-517", etc. can be illustrated.

The pattern of the line (3) and the electrodes (4a) (4b) applied to the transparent film (1) (1 ') is as follows:
There is no particular limitation as long as the heat generation amount required to provide the antifogging function can be secured. The calorific value is calculated by the following formula, and a calorific value of about 200 to 800 W / m ² is required to develop the antifogging function.

W = V ² / R × 1 / S ... W: calorific value (W / m ² ) V: voltage (V, 12V for passenger cars) R: resistance value between electrode parts (Ω) S: heat generating area (M ² ) Therefore, R: the resistance value between the electrode portions (4a) and (4b),
In other words, the desired amount of heat generation can be obtained by changing the thickness, width, length, and number of lines (3). However, the coating thickness of the wire (3) and the electrode portions (4a) and (4b) is preferably about 8 to 30 μm. This is because if the thickness is less than 8 μm, the required resistance value cannot be obtained, and if the thickness exceeds 30 μm, the flexibility of the transparent films (1) and (1 ′) cannot be followed and cracking may occur. Also, if the spacing between the lines (3) is too narrow, the field of view is obstructed, and if it is too wide, it takes time to clear the cloud between the lines (3) and (3). Take care in the design of. Some inorganic glass windows have anti-fogging properties by such a method, but synthetic resin has a low thermal conductivity of 1/4 that of inorganic glass. It is desirable to make it slightly narrower than in the case of inorganic glass, and taking the above-mentioned reason into consideration, the interval between the lines (3) is 10 to 2
It is desirable to set it to about 5 mm.

The line (3) does not necessarily have to be a straight line as long as a predetermined amount of heat generation is obtained, and may be a curved line or a polygonal line. However, for example, when it is used for a rear window of a passenger car, it is important not to obscure the field of view in addition to the amount of heat generation and not to disturb the driver's line of sight.
As shown in, multiple lines (3) are
The electrodes (4a) (4
It is common to arrange b).

Conductor paste is transparent film (1)
Wire (3) and electrode (4a) applied to the surface of (1 ')
The method of forming (4b) is also not particularly limited, but screen printing can be recommended as a method that can be easily applied to the thickness described above. The conductor paste applied to the transparent films (1) and (1 ') is cured by a batch method or a continuous method by blowing hot air, heating an atmosphere in a far-infrared furnace, or the like.

Further, the electrode parts (4a) (4
In order to improve the design by making the terminal or conducting wire connected to b) invisible, the transparent film (1)
In (1 ′), masking printing may be performed with an opaque ink on the contour of the product shape and its peripheral portion. Such masking printing is usually performed before applying the conductor paste.

Any kind of thermoplastic synthetic resin can be used as the thermoplastic synthetic resin forming the substrate portion (7) of the synthetic resin window material. It is preferable to use an acrylic resin, impact-resistant acrylic resin, heat-resistant acrylic resin, polycarbonate, polyarylate, polysulfone, or the like, which has a good heat fusion property with the transparent film (1) (1 ′), but it has a good heat fusion property. Transparent film with inferior resin through adhesive layer (1)
By laminating with (1 ′), good integration can be achieved. If necessary, an ultraviolet absorber, a coloring agent, a heat ray absorber, etc. may be added to the thermoplastic synthetic resin to improve the function as a window material.

In the manufacturing method of the present invention, the transparent film (1) (1 ') on which the line (3) and the electrode portions (4a) (4b) are formed is injected to obtain a final product shape. The transparent synthetic resin film (1) is formed by mounting it in a molding die (5) and injection-filling the cavity (6) of the die (5) with the thermoplastic synthetic resin. ) (1 ′) and the substrate part (7) are laminated and integrated to manufacture a synthetic resin window material having antifogging performance.

Here, the transparent film (1) is attached to the mold (5).
When mounting (1 '), the coated surface is the cavity (6)
The wire (3) and the electrode parts (4a) (4) applied so as to contact the wall, that is, in the manufactured synthetic resin window material.
b) is exposed on the surface. This is because terminals, conductors, etc. for energizing the wire (3) after injection molding are connected to the electrode portion (4).
This is because it is necessary to attach a) to (4b). The method of mounting the transparent film (1) (1 ') on the mold (5) is a method of setting the transparent film (1') punched into a finished product shape by electrostatic adsorption or vacuum adsorption,
Alternatively, there is a method in which a positioning pin for printing alignment is provided in the die (6), the transparent film (1) before punching is set on this pin, and the die is punched into a product shape at the same time when the die is closed.

Next, the thermoplastic synthetic resin forming the substrate portion (7) is injected into the cavity (6) of the mold (5) on which the transparent films (1) and (1 ') are mounted, and the heat of the resin heats the resin. Fusing the transparent film (1) (1 ') to the substrate part (7),
The substrate part (7) and the transparent films (1) and (1 ') are integrated in a laminated state. Here, in addition to the usual injection molding method,
The injection compression molding method can be applied, and in particular, for manufacturing a window having a large area, the injection compression molding method with less residual strain and deformation is effective. In this way, it is not necessary to directly apply the conductor paste to the substrate part, but to manufacture it by combining the transparent film with the conductor paste applied and injection molding, because most windows that require anti-fog performance are passenger cars. It is curved like the rear window of, and it is extremely difficult to apply the conductive paste after molding the resin sheet to form the substrate part, and also to cure it after applying it to the resin sheet. This is because the conductor paste is easily broken and it is difficult to manufacture a paste having stable quality. Moreover, the injection molding method has excellent molding accuracy and productivity, and is suitable for mass-producing stable quality products. The manufacturing method of the present invention utilizing the injection molding method having these advantages takes into consideration the work of applying the conductive paste on the transparent film (1), punching it out, and mounting it in the mold (5). However, it can be said that this is an advantageous manufacturing method.

The synthetic resin window material manufactured as described above has terminals (9) for connecting the wire (3) to a conductive state.
Further, the lead wire (10) is attached to the terminal (9), and these are attached by, for example, adhering the terminal (9) to the electrode portions (4a) and (4b) with a conductive adhesive.

Further, the manufactured synthetic resin window material can be optionally subjected to a surface treatment such as a silicon hard coat to improve the scratch resistance. Such surface treatment is effective not only on the outside of the easily scratched window but also on the inside of the window to harden it to form a protective film of the conductive paste and prevent discoloration of the conductive paste.

[0019]

The synthetic resin window material according to the present invention has a plurality of lines (3) and electrode portions (4a) (4b) formed by applying and curing a conductive paste on the surface of a transparent film (1 '). ,
Since this transparent film (1 ') is laminated and integrated on the substrate part (7), when each wire (3) is energized via the electrodes (4a) (4b), each wire (3) generates heat. Condensation on the surface of the window can be evaporated to clear the cloud.

In addition, the synthetic resin window material having such an anti-fog property has a transparent film (3) and electrode portions (4a) (4b) formed by applying and curing a conductor paste in advance. 1) (1 ') is mounted in the injection molding die (5) so that the coating surface (1'a) is in contact with the wall of the cavity (6), and the thermoplastic synthetic resin is injected to the substrate portion (1). 7) is formed and these are laminated and integrated.
According to such a method, the work of applying the conductive paste can be easily carried out on the flat transparent film (1), and the thin transparent film (1) (1 ') is curved in the cavity (6). Since it can be easily followed even on a wall, and the overall shape of the product is determined by injection molding, it is possible to manufacture a product with good molding accuracy regardless of the form of the product shape, and it has good productivity.

[0021]

EXAMPLES Next, specific examples of the synthetic resin window material having antifogging performance and the method for producing the same according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In each Example, a 0.5 mm thick polycarbonate film (manufactured by Tsutsunaka Plastic Industry Co., Ltd., “Polycaace (trade name)”) was used as the transparent film, and Fujikura Kasei Co., Ltd., “Dotide” was used as the conductor paste. FA-333 (trade name) "(specific resistance 3.0 × 10 ^-5 Ω · cm) was used.

[First Embodiment] First, as shown in FIG. 1, a mask having a width of 40 mm is masked on the surface of a transparent film (1) with an opaque ink in a contour portion having a shape corresponding to a rear window of a passenger car. Part (2) was printed. Furthermore, a conductive paste was screen-printed on the same surface, and a plurality of lines (3) having a line width of 1.0 mm arranged in parallel with a line interval of 15 mm and a pair of 20 mm width at both left and right ends of these lines (3). The electrode parts (4a) and (4b) of
The conductor paste was cured by heating at 120 ° C. for 30 minutes in a far-infrared furnace. Then, as shown in FIG. 2, the transparent film (1) was punched at the outer peripheral portion of the masking portion (2) to obtain a transparent film (1 ′) having a product shape.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3, the transparent film (1 ') is coated on the movable side (5a) of the injection molding die (5) with the conductive paste coating surface (1'). It was mounted by vacuum suction so that a) contacted the convex wall (6 ') of the cavity (6), and the mold (5) was closed. Then, the molten polycarbonate resin is injected and filled into the cavity (6) of the mold (5) to form the substrate portion (7), and the transparent film (1 ′) is fused to the substrate portion (7). , These were integrated into a laminated state. After cooling, it was taken out of the mold to obtain a synthetic resin window material (8) for a rear window that was gently curved toward the transparent film (1 ') side, that is, the inside of the vehicle, as shown in FIG.

Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the terminals (9) and the conducting wires for energizing the wire (3) to the electrode portions (4a) (4b) of the synthetic resin window material (8). (10)
Installed. In the terminal (9), a conductive adhesive is applied to the legs (9a) and (9b), and both legs (9a)
Apply an insulating adhesive to the recesses (9c) between (9b),
It adhered to each electrode (4a) (4b). Further, the lead wire (10) was attached to the protruding piece (11) of the terminal (9).

[Second Embodiment] In this embodiment, a transparent film (1) before punching, which was screen-printed with the same masking printing and conductor paste as that prepared in the first embodiment, was used.

The transparent film (1) was attached to a die for injection compression molding having the same cavity shape as in the first embodiment by using a positioning pin so that the coated surface of the conductive paste was in contact with the convex wall of the cavity. Then, when the mold was closed while leaving a compressed portion, the transparent film (1) was punched into a product shape. Then, a melted heat-resistant acrylic resin (“KAMAX T-24” manufactured by Rohm and Haas Company)
0 (trade name) ”) was injected and filled into the cavity of the mold, and the mold was further compressed to the final shape to form the substrate portion of the synthetic resin window material. The shape of the final synthetic resin window material is
This is as shown in FIG. 4 similarly to the embodiment.

Next, the terminals (9) and the lead wires (10) were attached to the electrode portions (4a) and (4b) of the synthetic resin window material (8) in the same manner as in the first embodiment.

[Third Embodiment] First, a synthetic resin window material (8) was prepared by the same method as in the second embodiment.

Next, a polyester tape is attached to the terminal bonding portions of the electrode portions (4a) and (4b) of the synthetic resin window material (8), and a silicon hard coat treatment is applied to both sides of the synthetic resin window material (8). gave. Then, the polyester tape was peeled off to expose the electrode portions (4a) and (4b), and the terminal (9) and the conductive wire (10) were attached in the same manner as in the first embodiment.

Next, the following items were evaluated for the synthetic resin window material produced in each example.

[Lamination Adhesion between Transparent Film and Substrate]
Each synthetic resin window material was placed under each of the following environments (A) and (B), but in none of them, the transparent film was peeled from the substrate portion. Further, there was no discoloration of the conductor paste and no change in resistance value.

(A) Cyclic heat cycle test -10 ° C. (1 hour) → 20 ° C. (30 minutes) → 80 ° C. (1 hour) → 20 ° C. (30 minutes) was set as one cycle, and 10 cycles were performed.

(B) Moisture resistance test The sample was kept at 60 ° C. and 98% RH for 14 days.

[Adhesiveness between Transparent Film and Conductor Paste] When an adhesiveness test was conducted by a cross-cut tape method according to JIS K5400, no peeling of the conductor paste was observed in each synthetic resin window material.

[Anti-fogging property] Each synthetic resin window member is attached to a passenger car, and the outside temperature is 0 ° C, the inside temperature is 30 ° C, and the inside humidity is 80%.
When placed in an RH environment and a voltage of 12 V was applied between the terminals immediately after the occurrence of fogging, a calorific value of about 400 W / m ² was obtained, and the haze was completely cleared within 10 minutes.

[Scratch resistance] With respect to the synthetic resin window materials of the second and third embodiments, these transparent film sides are provided with a wear wheel: CS-10F, a load: 500 kg, 100.
When the Taber abrasion test was performed under the condition of rotation, the haze increase rate of the second example in which the silicon hard coat treatment was not performed was 30%, whereas the third embodiment in which the silicon hard coat treatment was performed was 30%. In the example, the increase rate of haze is 2
% Or less, and there was no disconnection of the conductor paste.

[0037]

Industrial Applicability The window material made of synthetic resin having anti-fog performance according to the present invention is made of a thermoplastic synthetic resin, and has a plurality of lines formed by applying and curing a conductor paste on the surface and these lines. Since a transparent film having a pair of electrode portions connected to each one end side and each other end side and a substrate portion made of a thermoplastic synthetic resin are laminated and integrated, each wire is connected to each wire through the electrode portion. When energized, each wire generates heat and develops antifogging performance. Moreover, the antifogging performance due to the heat generated from this conductor is much less durable than the conventional synthetic resin window material in which a hydrophilic polymer or a surfactant is added to the resin material or applied to the window surface. It is an excellent one.

Further, the synthetic resin window material is (a) connected to a plurality of lines and one end side and each other end side of these lines by a conductive paste on the surface of a transparent film made of a thermoplastic synthetic resin. After the pair of electrode parts are applied and cured, (b) this transparent film is attached to the mold so that the applied surface is in contact with the cavity wall of the injection molding mold, (c)
By injecting a thermoplastic synthetic resin into the cavity of the mold, the substrate portion is formed, and the transparent film is fused and laminated on the substrate portion to be integrated, so that the durability is excellent, Moreover, regardless of the shape of the product, it is possible to stably mass-produce products with good molding accuracy.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a transparent film coated with a conductor paste in the method for producing a synthetic resin window material having antifogging performance of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of a transparent film punched out into a product shape in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of an injection molding die used in the method for producing a synthetic resin window material having antifogging performance according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a synthetic resin window material having antifogging performance according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a terminal is attached to an electrode portion of a synthetic resin window material in the present embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 1 '... Transparent film 1'a ... Coating surface 3 ... Lines 4a, 4b ... Electrode part 5 ... Mold 6 ... Cavity 7 ... Substrate part

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of wires (3) made of a thermoplastic synthetic resin and formed by coating and curing a conductor paste on the surface.
And a transparent film (1 ') having a pair of electrode portions (4a) (4b) connected to one end side and each other end side of these wires (3), and a substrate portion (7) made of a thermoplastic synthetic resin. A window material made of synthetic resin having anti-fogging performance, characterized by being integrally laminated. 2. (a) A plurality of lines (3) and one end side of each of these lines (3) and each of these lines (3) made of a conductive paste on the surface of a transparent film (1) (1 ') made of a thermoplastic synthetic resin. A pair of electrode parts (4a) (4b) connected to the other end side are applied and cured, and (b) this transparent film (1) (1 ') is applied to the applied surface (1'
a) is attached to the cavity (6) of the injection-molding die (5) so that it contacts the wall of the cavity (6), and (c) the cavity (6) of the die (5) is thermoplastically synthesized. A resin portion is injected to form a substrate portion (7), and the transparent films (1) and (1 ') are fused and laminated on the substrate portion (7) to be integrated with one another. A method of manufacturing a synthetic resin window material having high performance.