JPH073028B2 - Fiber entanglement sheet manufacturing equipment - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a fiber entangled sheet manufacturing apparatus for injecting a high-speed fluid flow onto a fiber sheet to impart entanglement to the fibers.

{Prior Art} Conventionally, the needle punching method has been widely used for the entanglement treatment of fiber sheets, and it has been widely used in the field of non-woven fabrics, especially artificial leather, but in recent years it has been found as a unit technology for high speed. The fluid punch method has been reviewed and applied to the entanglement of some fiber sheets.

A method for producing a high-speed fluid in the entanglement processing of a fiber sheet by the high-speed fluid punching method has been proposed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 47-30740, US Pat. No. 3,403,682, US Pat. No. 3,485,706 and the like.

{Problems to be Solved by the Invention} However, in these conventional methods, it is extremely difficult to avoid clogging of the fluid ejection holes of the high-speed fluid ejection nozzle due to foreign matter, and the fiber entangled sheet produced by the above method is Loss of high-speed fluid flow due to clogging of fluid injection holes,
Further, due to a turbulent jet flow such as anisotropic jet and spray jet, unevenness of the degree of entanglement on the fiber sheet surface, turbulence of the sheet surface, etc. occur, resulting in extremely poor surface uniformity.

The reason is that in each of the above methods, a high-speed fluid jet nozzle is mounted on the nozzle head, and then fluid is supplied into the nozzle head to generate a high-speed fluid flow.

However, in the above method, a) foreign matter generated during nozzle mounting work or foreign matter floating in the air is mixed into the nozzle head, and b) foreign matter adhered to the nozzle is stored in the nozzle head during storage and transportation after nozzle cleaning. It has the drawback of bringing in.

The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and to provide a high-speed fluid ejection nozzle with a fluid ejection hole having a diameter of several tens of μm to several hundreds of μm and a number of thousands of holes. However, it is an object of the present invention to provide a fiber entangled sheet manufacturing apparatus in which the fluid injection holes are not clogged with a simple mounting operation.

{Means for Solving the Problems} A structure of the present invention that achieves the above object is a high-speed fluid ejection nozzle having a plurality of fluid ejection holes formed on the lower surface of a nozzle head having a fluid introduction port and a pressure chamber. In a fiber entangled sheet manufacturing apparatus supported and mounted by a pressure plate, a spacer having a predetermined thickness is detachably interposed between the nozzle head and the pressure plate, and the spacer is provided between the nozzle head and the pressure plate. When interposed between and, the fluid outlet that communicates the flow path from the pressure chamber to the fluid injection hole and the outside of the nozzle head is exposed in the flow path,
When the pressure plate is directly attached to the nozzle head except for the spacer, by providing the fluid outlet in the vicinity of the pressure plate of the nozzle head at a position where the fluid outlet is closed by the pressure plate, The pressure plate is supported and attached to the nozzle head at two positions, an open state in which the fluid is ejected to the outside and a closed state in which the fluid is sealed, between the pressure plate and the nozzle head. It is an apparatus for manufacturing an interlaced sheet.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings showing the embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of an apparatus for producing a fiber entangled sheet according to the present invention, and the right side portion is a sectional view taken along the axis of the apparatus.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken in a direction perpendicular to the axis of FIG.

1 and 2, a fiber entangled sheet manufacturing apparatus 1 according to the present invention includes a nozzle head 2, a high-speed fluid injection nozzle 4 having a fluid injection hole 17 attached to a lower surface of the nozzle head, and the high-speed fluid injection nozzle 4. It is composed of pressure plates 5 and 6 for supporting and mounting the fluid ejection nozzle 4 on the lower surface of the nozzle head 2.

The nozzle head 2 has a high-pressure fluid introduction port 9, an upper flow passage 10, a lower flow passage 12, an upper flow passage communication hole 11, a straightening plate 3, and a pressure chamber 18.

The high pressure fluid pressurized by a pressure pump (not shown)
After passing through the high-pressure fluid cleaning filter (neither shown), the high-pressure fluid is introduced into the nozzle head 2 through the high-pressure fluid inlet 9, the upper flow passage 10 is filled, and a plurality of holes are bored in the axial direction between the upper and lower flow passages. Through the formed upper and lower flow path communication holes 11, the flow rate is flown into the lower flow path 12 while being dispersed in the axial direction.

The high-pressure fluid passes through the straightening plate 3 arranged in the central portion of the lower flow passage 12, that is, in the shape of the diameter of the circular cross-section flow passage, and the continuous slit with the lower flow passage 12 downstream of the straightening flow plate 3 is formed. It is completely rectified by staying in the pressure chamber 18 composed of a continuous flow path, and flows evenly from the peripheral edge of the high-speed fluid injection hole 17 of the high-speed fluid injection nozzle 4 arranged at the end of the pressure chamber 18. , And becomes a high-speed fluid flow and is ejected.

Here, by arranging the rectifying plate 3 so as to extend in the diameter direction of the flow path, the outer edge of the rectifying plate 3 is brought into close contact with the flow path wall by the pressure of the rectifying plate 3 itself, and the pressure chamber of the unrectified fluid is obtained. Eliminate the inflow into 18.

The straightening vanes 3 arranged across the diameter of the lower flow passage 12 of the nozzle head 2 are supported at both ends of the lower flow passage 12 by the concave portions of the straightening vane support block 7, and further the straightening vane support block. 7 resists the pressure of the high pressure fluid in the nozzle head 2 by means of a flange 8 via a bolt 13.

Since the high-pressure fluid jet nozzle 4 resists the pressure of the high-pressure fluid in the nozzle head 2, the central axis of the high-speed fluid jet holes 17 of the nozzle 4 (A-A axis in FIG. 2) is inserted through the O-ring 16. )
It is supported and attached to the lower surface of the nozzle head 2 by pressure-resistant plates 5 and 6 having a two-part structure with the partition line as a partition line, and pressure-resistant plate mounting bolts 14.

FIG. 3 is a view for explaining a state of the fluid inflow side surface of the high-speed fluid injection nozzle 4 in FIGS. 1 and 2 at the time of cleaning, that is, the pressure chamber 18 side surface, at the time of cleaning. 1
It is sectional drawing cut | disconnected in the direction orthogonal to the axial center of a figure. Further, FIG. 4 is a partial view of the left side surface of FIG.

That is, in FIGS. 3 and 4, the nozzle head 2
A spacer 21 is interposed between the pressure plate 5 and the pressure plates 5 and 6 by tightening with a bolt 14, and thereby a rectangular notch is formed between the lower surface of the nozzle head and the high-speed fluid ejection nozzle 4.
A fluid outlet 22 of a space 1 constituted by 20 is formed.

Therefore, in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the fluid flowing into the nozzle head 2 through the fluid inlet 9 is
The O-ring 1 that is held by the triangular groove of the nozzle head 2 through 0, the upper and lower flow passage communication holes 11, and the lower flow passage 12
6, the inner wall of the pressure chamber 18, flowing along the high-speed fluid injection nozzle 4, the surface of the high-speed fluid injection nozzle 4 side of the pressure chamber 18 and the rectangular notch 20 arranged on the lower surface of the nozzle head 2. From the fluid outlet 22 of the created space l, the O-ring 16,
The foreign matter adhering to the inner wall of the pressure chamber 18 or the high-speed fluid jet nozzle 4 flows out of the nozzle head 2.

Here, the pressure of the fluid flowing out from the fluid outlet 22 is in a range in which the fluid is not ejected from the fluid ejection hole 17 of the high-speed fluid ejection nozzle 4, that is, the pressure resistance value generated when the fluid passes through the fluid ejection hole 17. (0.1 number kg / cm ² ~ number kg / cm ²⁾ to consider to set below. This is important in preventing the occurrence of clogging of the holes caused by the fluid bringing foreign matter into the fluid ejection holes 17.

As described above, the fluid supply amount is determined by the hole diameter of the fluid injection hole 17, the size and the number of the fluid outlets 22, and the size and the number of the fluid outlets 22 should be as large as possible for the purpose of enhancing the cleaning effect. Therefore, it is preferable to increase the amount of fluid supplied into the nozzle head 2.

After the cleaning of the high-speed fluid injection nozzle 4, the spacer 21 is removed and the bolt 14 is tightened, so that the high-speed fluid injection nozzle 4 is supported and mounted on the nozzle head 2 by the pressure plates 5 and 6 via the O-ring 16. As a result, the fluid outlet 22 is closed, and the fluid in the pressure chamber 18 does not flow out,
It will be in a normal operating state.

Here, the shape of the groove in which the O-ring 16 of the nozzle head 2 is mounted is made triangular so that the O-ring 16 is gripped and fixed so as not to drop on the high-speed fluid ejection nozzle 4 during the cleaning operation. Of course, other shapes may be used. Further, the method of fixing and integrating the O-ring 16 with the nozzle head 2 with an adhesive or the like does not matter.

The measure for preventing the O-ring 16 from falling is intended to prevent a dead space of a fluid flow from being formed at the contact surface between the high-speed fluid jet nozzle 4 and the dropped O-ring 16 to cause the retention of foreign matter. is important.

Further, the rectangular shape of the notch 20 on the lower surface of the nozzle head 2 for forming the fluid outlet 22 is taken into consideration for ease of manufacturing and low cost, and of course, other shapes may be used.

Further, it is preferable that the arrangement pitch of the spacers 21 is minimized within the range in which the pressure plates 5 and 6 can withstand the fluid pressure at the time of cleaning the high-speed fluid jet nozzle 4 for the purpose of labor saving of the attachment and detachment work of the spacers.

The central portions of the dividing surfaces of the pressure plates 5 and 6 face each other in order to secure the fluid passage portion in the minute width space 19 so as not to block the high-speed fluid flow ejected from the high-speed fluid ejection hole 17 of the nozzle 4. Recessed in position, and above pressure plate 5,6
A minute width space 19 is formed by abutting and contacting at the ends of the divided surfaces, and the space 19 has an open shape facing the downstream side of the jet flow.

Here, it is important that the width of the minute space 19 formed by the pressure plates 5 and 6 is minimized in the range in which the high-speed fluid flow does not contact the pressure plates for the purpose of increasing the pressure resistance due to the internal pressure in the nozzle 4. is there. Further, the open shape toward the downstream side of the jet flow continuing to the minute space 19 is that when a high-speed water flow is used, the mist generated by the high-speed water flow collectively grows on the lower surface of the pressure plates 5 and 6 to form water droplets. Therefore, the merging with the high-speed water flow prevents the high-speed water flow from being disturbed, but a straight micro space may be left as it is.

Although not shown, the fibrous sheet is run in a position facing the lower surface of the nozzle head 2 in FIG. 1 in either the direction facing the drawing or the opposite direction.

As described above, according to the present invention, by providing the fluid outlet 22 in the pressure chamber on the fluid inflow side surface of the high-speed fluid ejection nozzle 4, the high-speed fluid ejection nozzle 4 remains attached to the nozzle head 2. Therefore, it is possible to completely clean the fluid ejecting holes 17 from clogging due to foreign matter adhering to the high speed fluid ejecting nozzle during transportation and foreign matter mixed in the nozzle head 2 during the mounting operation.

In the treatment by the high-speed fluid flow of the present invention, the fluid used for the high-speed fluid flow is liquid or gas,
Water is most preferably used from the viewpoints of ease of handling, cost, and amount of collision energy as a fluid flow. Furthermore, an organic solvent, an alkali, an aqueous solution of an acid, or the like may be used depending on the purpose.

Such a fluid is pressurized by a high-pressure pump, ejected from a discharge hole having a small hole diameter, and ejected as a high-speed columnar flow onto the fiber sheet surface. As for the pressure condition, a range of about 5 to 300 kg / cm ² can be used. A pressure higher than 300 kg / cm ² is not preferable because hit defects and deformation occur. The preferred range is
The range is 20 to 200 kg / cm ² , and more preferably 30 to 150 kg / cm ² .

Next, as the fibrous sheet that can be used in the present invention, a normal non-woven fabric, a laminate of a woven fabric or a knitted fabric and a non-woven fabric, a laminate of non-woven fabrics having different properties, etc. is used, and a card, a cross wrapper, a random webber, It can be manufactured by forming into a sheet by a sheet forming method such as a filament web forming method or a paper making method, and further fixing the structure by a method such as needle punching or primary fluid punching, if necessary.

The fibers constituting the fiber sheet used in the present invention may be natural fibers, chemical fibers, or fibers of a combination thereof.

{Effect} The present invention has the above-described configurations and operations, and therefore exhibits the following excellent operation and effects.

That is, first, by arranging the fluid outlet in the pressure chamber on the fluid inflow surface of the high-speed fluid ejection nozzle, it is possible to perform cleaning while the high-speed fluid ejection nozzle is mounted on the nozzle head. It is possible to completely prevent clogging of the fluid injection hole due to foreign matter mixed in the nozzle head, foreign matter adhered during the nozzle transportation, and the like. This means that a stable high-speed fluid flow can be obtained with a simple mounting operation even in a high-speed fluid nozzle having a fluid injection hole having a hole diameter of several tens of μm to several hundreds of μm and a number of holes of several thousand, and surface uniformity can be obtained. This enables the production of excellent and high-quality fiber entangled sheets.

Further, since the above is a high pressure resistant structure, the replacement frequency due to the clogging of the holes of the high-speed fluid injection nozzle accompanied by the work of attaching and detaching the pressure plate that requires several tens to several hundreds of tightening bolts is extremely reduced, and The waiting time required for the replacement work is shortened, and the productivity is greatly improved.

Furthermore, it is not necessary to install additional equipment such as a clean room for cleaning the work environment to attach / detach the high-speed fluid flow injection nozzle.
It has a remarkable effect on cost reduction.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an example of an apparatus for producing a fiber entangled sheet according to the present invention, and the right side portion is a sectional view taken along the axis of the apparatus. FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken in a direction perpendicular to the axis of FIG. Further, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken in a direction perpendicular to the axis of FIG. 1, and is a view for explaining a cleaning state of the high-speed fluid injection nozzle, and FIG. 4 is a left side view of FIG. FIG. Explanation of symbols in the drawing 2: Nozzle head, 3: Flow straightening plate 4: High-speed fluid flow injection nozzle 5,6: Pressure plate 7: Flow straightening plate support block 8: Flange, 9: High pressure fluid inlet 10: Upper flow passage, 11: Upper and lower flow passage communication holes 12: Lower flow passage, 13, 14: Bolts 15, 16: O-ring, 17: Fluid injection hole 18: Pressure chamber, 20: Notch 21: Spacer, 22: Fluid outlet

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A manufacturing apparatus for a fiber entangled sheet, comprising: a high-speed fluid ejection nozzle having a plurality of fluid ejection holes formed on a lower surface of a nozzle head having a fluid introduction port and a pressure chamber, supported by a pressure plate. When a spacer having a predetermined thickness is removably interposed between the nozzle head and the pressure plate, and when the spacer is interposed between the nozzle head and the pressure plate, the fluid from the pressure chamber is removed. When the fluid outlet that communicates the flow path leading to the injection hole and the outside of the nozzle head is exposed in the flow path and the pressure plate is directly attached to the nozzle head except for the spacer, the fluid By providing the fluid outlet in the vicinity of the pressure plate of the nozzle head at a position where the outlet is closed by the pressure plate, the pressure plate ejects fluid to the outside with the nozzle head. Apparatus for producing a fiber entangled sheet, wherein the open state, that is supported mounted on the nozzle head 2 position of the closed state in which the fluid is sealed to.