JPH07289619A - Coating material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To obtain a covering material that demonstrates a longlasting covering and foaming functions just after foam-sprayed, by composing a foaming body composed of an aqueous composition containing nonionic complex composed of at least one ionic surfactant and one higher alcohol. CONSTITUTION: This covering material is composed of an aqueous composition containing nonionic complex comprised of at least one ionic surfactant and at least one higher alcohol. The ionic surfactant is required to make sufficient foam of the aqueous composition, and the alcohol to make the foam long-lasting by combination with the ionic surfactant. The higher alcohol forms a complex with the ionic surfactant by nonionic interaction, and the complex raises viscosity of the aqueous composition resulting in stabilized foam.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a covering material used in a waste disposal site or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the shortage of waste landfill disposal sites has become a problem, and there is an urgent need to use the waste landfill disposal sites efficiently and make them last longer. At the waste landfill disposal site, it is necessary to cover the waste with soil in order to prevent the scattering of the waste and the emission of odors for the purpose of environmental protection. However, when soil is used as a covering material,
This is a problem because it consumes landfill volume due to its own volume. Against such a background, some coating materials and coating methods for replacing such soil have been proposed.

Among the conventionally known coating materials, a coating material made of a foam of an aqueous composition has attracted attention. The characteristic feature of the coating material composed of the foam of the aqueous composition is that the foam is compressed and crushed, and the volume of the foam itself becomes negligible. In other words, when the next waste is dumped on top of the covering material on the waste material, the covering material made of foam is compressed and crushed by the weight of the waste material, and the landfill volume is not wasted. It's excellent. Further, unlike the method of covering with a polymer sheet, it is preferable in that the time required for covering the sheet at the end of the work and removing the sheet at the restart of the work can be saved.

Among the conventionally known coating materials made of a foam of an aqueous composition, there is a coating material made of a foam of an aqueous composition containing a polymer material which undergoes a curing reaction and a surfactant. The covering material made of such a foam is excellent in that the polymer material present in the aqueous solution or the water dispersion foamed by the surfactant dries and cures the foam to improve the durability. . However, it also had the following problems.

(1) A curing time is required, and it takes time before the function as a foam coating material is exhibited. (2) The foam film is apt to crack due to volume contraction during curing, and the effect of preventing odor scattering from the object to be coated is poor. (3) When the stock solution is dried and solidified in the foaming device, cleaning work is required, and maintenance of the foaming device is complicated.

From such a background, a coating material made of a foam of an aqueous composition which does not require a curing reaction has been particularly noted. Prior art relating to coatings consisting of a foam of an aqueous composition which does not require a curing reaction is described in European patent EP 0537.
999A2, US Patent 4,551,261, US Patent 4,874,641, US Patent 5,026,735, US Patent 5,096,616, US Patent 5,133,99.
1, US Patent 5,215,786, US Patent 3,79
0,395, U.S. Pat. No. 4,990,373 (Table 4
No. 502279). Of these, the superior one is US Patent No. 3,7
90, 395.

In this US patent, anionic heteropolysaccharides are described.
polymeric thickeners such as aride), cationic surfactants such as methyldodecylbenzyltrimethylammonium chloride, and waste fillers (phosphats).
coatings consisting of a foam of an aqueous composition containing e. According to the invention described in this specification, the foaming function of the cationic surfactant is utilized,
The anionic heteropolysaccharide (hetero)
A foam made of an aqueous dispersion containing polysaccharide) and the waste filler is formed, and the foam is sprayed on an object to be coated and dried to obtain a covering material. The dried foam has a cotton-like appearance similar to cellulose sponge. The coating material composed of such a composition is a lightweight and high-strength dry foam, and has good adhesiveness to the surface of the article to be coated. In addition, when the land seeded with the plant is covered, it is also excellent in that the plant can grow through the gap of the covering material. However, it also has the following problems.

(1) Since it is necessary to use the foam after it has been dried, its performance cannot be exhibited immediately after the foam is dispersed, and it may be absorbed by the object to be coated before drying. (2) Further, if the drying conditions are not optimally controlled, cracks may occur on the surface of the foam after drying, and a complete film may not be formed. (3) Since there are many gaps (holes) in the covering material and the gas shielding property is extremely low, it is not possible to suppress the dissipation of odors (ammonia gas, etc.) generated from the object to be covered. (4) Since the polymer component is included, cleaning work inside the foaming device is complicated.

As described above, the curing reaction is not required,
A coating material composed of a foam of an aqueous composition which needs to be dried has some advantages but also some problems.

Among known coating materials made of a foam of an aqueous composition, there is a coating material which uses a polymer material but does not require drying or curing reaction. Among them, the superior one is US Patent No. 5133991 and US Pat. 4990373 (Special table 4-502227
9) can be mentioned.

US Pat. 5133991 includes polymeric materials such as xanthan gum, ionic surfactants such as sodium lignosulfonate, and water-degrading proteins (pro
The invention of a method of forming a coating material using a foam of an aqueous composition containing a polyhydric metal salt such as tein hydrolyzate) and ferrous chloride, and a foam booster such as hexylene glycol is described. There is. According to this invention, the aqueous composition easily foams due to the effect of the surfactant, and the hydrolyzed protein (p
The foam is stabilized by the ionic interaction (probably forming a complex) of the above-mentioned polyhydric metal salt with the polyhydric metal salt. Furthermore, since the foam stabilizer made of the polymer material extends the life of the foam,
The coating time with the foam can be extended. Further, according to the present invention, since it is not necessary to dry the foam, it is also excellent in that the performance can be exhibited immediately after foaming. However, it also has the following problems.

(1) This foam has an ionic interaction (multi-valued metal ion and hydrolyzed protein (protein h)).
It is difficult to use it for sludge that generates basic ammonia gas, since it depends on the foaming stabilizing effect due to the interaction with hydrate). (2) Since the raw material of this foam contains a polymer component, the cleaning work inside the foaming device is complicated.

US Pat. 4990373 (special table flat 4
-502279) has a Tg of 30 ° C. which is a polymer material.
Less than a latex polymer and an anionic sulfonate (sulfonate type) surfactant or sulfate (sulfate ester type) surfactant (for example, ammonium salt of alkyl ether sulfate having 14 carbon atoms). A method of applying a foam prepared from a material to a substrate (waste) to form a barrier layer (coating layer) between the substrate and the atmosphere, and an invention of the aqueous composition thereof are described. Further, in this publication, the aqueous composition has 10 to 18 carbon atoms (particularly preferably 12 carbon atoms).
It is also described that the dehydration time of the foam can be improved by the synergistic action with the surfactant by further including the higher alcohol of (14) to (14). According to this invention,
A film-like structure formed by forming a foam from an aqueous solution containing the latex polymer and the surfactant, spraying the foam on an object to be coated, and then drying serves as a coating layer. In this coating layer, the latex polymer, which is a polymeric material, exerts the effect of improving the durability of bubbles.
That is, no matter how irregular the surface of the object to be coated is, the latex in the foam can expand and spread, which is excellent in that a sufficient coating effect can be obtained. However, it also has the following problems.

(1) Since the prepared foam exhibits its effect as the drying progresses, firm foam is not formed immediately after foaming and is absorbed by waste before the foam is dried. , Shrink or shrink. (2) Since the prepared foam has low water retention (property to retain moisture in the foam), when sprayed on a dry coating such as incinerated ash, before forming a sufficient coating film. Moisture or the like is absorbed and the covering effect of the foam cannot be maintained for a sufficiently long time. For example, at a work site of a landfill disposal site, the coating work is limited to once a day, so that the foaming duration of the coating material needs to be 24 hours or more. However, it is difficult for the foam of the present invention to sufficiently cover incineration ash or the like for 24 hours or more. (3) Since the raw material of this foam contains a polymer component, cleaning the inside of the foaming device is complicated.

Conventional coating materials made of foams of an aqueous composition are excellent in that the duration of coating can be extended due to the stabilizing effect of the foams by the polymer material. There was also a problem. Further, in the prior art, it was known that alcohols can assist the action of the surfactant, but it does not use a polymer material at all, and does not rely on the interaction between ionic components to improve the water retention of the foam. The conditions necessary to increase and extend foaming duration have not been fully understood. Further, it has been found that the types and chemical structures of alcohols, the types and chemical structures of surfactants, their combinations, and the compounding ratios must be sufficiently investigated to obtain more preferable effects. Further, it goes without saying that in the coating material composed of the foam of the aqueous composition containing the surfactant described above, it is economically more preferable if the material used can be obtained at low cost. Absent.

[0016]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides the following (1).
It is an object of the present invention to provide an excellent coating material composed of a foam of an aqueous composition capable of solving all the problems (5) to (5). (1) The coating function (being present as foam for a long time) can be exerted immediately after foaming and spraying without the need for curing reaction or drying and solidification, cracking due to volume shrinkage does not occur, and foaming can be continued for a long time. (2) Remarkably high water retention, and even when sprayed on a dry coating such as incinerated ash, the duration of coating with the foam can be made sufficiently long (24 hours or more), and the bubbles in the foam are very small. In addition, it can be stably maintained, has a high gas shielding property, and can suppress the dissipation of odor generated from the object to be coated. (3) It can be used with peace of mind even for sludge that generates basic ammonia gas. (4) Unlike a coating material using a polymer material, the cleaning work when the stock solution is dried and solidified in the foaming device can be extremely easily performed by washing with water. (5) It is a simple component system, and it is easy to determine the optimum composition for the form of the coating (dry incineration ash, sludge containing a lot of water, etc.), and from the viewpoint of economy. Is also preferable.

[0017]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention comprises at least one
It is a coating material composed of a foam of an aqueous composition containing a nonionic complex composed of various types of ionic surfactants and at least one type of higher alcohol. In the present invention, the ionic surfactant is necessary to sufficiently foam the aqueous composition. Further, higher alcohol (which means an alcohol having 12 or more carbon atoms) is necessary for prolonging the foaming duration by combining with an ionic surfactant. The higher alcohol forms a complex by a nonionic interaction with the ionic surfactant, and the complex increases the viscosity of the aqueous composition, and consequently functions to stabilize the foam. The feature of the present invention is that the number average molecular weight is 1
The point is that a sustainable foam can be formed for a long time without using over 10,000 polymer materials and without the need for curing and drying. In addition, since the complex formed by the nonionic interaction between the ionic surfactant and the higher alcohol enhances the stability and water retention of the foam, it is less affected by the pH of the material to be coated.

The nonionic complex in the present invention has a number average molecular weight of less than 10,000. The number average molecular weight of 4,000 or less is preferable. The reason is as follows. (1) If the number average molecular weight is too large, the washing becomes difficult when the stock solution is dried and solidified in the foaming device. (2) If the number average molecular weight is too large, the viscosity of the aqueous composition becomes high, which makes handling difficult and the foaming power tends to be low, such being undesirable.

Furthermore, coexistence of an ionic compound other than a surfactant, such as fatty acids, amines, and basic inorganic salts, in addition to the polymeric material, may reduce the stability of the foam. It is more preferable to avoid it.

Preferably, the solid content weight ratio of the higher alcohol to the ionic surfactant in the aqueous composition is
A coating material comprising a foam of an aqueous composition having a ratio of 9: 1 to 1: 9 and a solid content concentration of 2 to 10% by weight in the aqueous composition. The reason is as follows.

(1) In the solid content weight ratio of the higher alcohol and the surfactant, if the amount of the ionic surfactant is less than the above ratio, the foaming ability is lowered, and conversely, if the amount of the higher alcohol is less than the above ratio. The foaming duration (foam volume half-life) is shortened, which is not preferable. (2) When the solid content concentration in the aqueous composition is less than 2% by weight, the foaming duration (foam volume remaining time) tends to be shortened, which is not preferable. On the other hand, if the solid content concentration in the aqueous composition exceeds 10% by weight, the viscosity of the aqueous composition becomes too high, making it difficult to handle, and the foaming ability tends to decrease, such being undesirable. (3) The solid content weight ratio of the higher alcohol and the ionic surfactant in the aqueous composition is in the range of 9: 1 to 1: 9, and the solid content concentration in the aqueous composition is 2-1.
When the content is 0% by weight, the foaming duration can be extended without lowering the foaming ability, which is preferable.

Further, the solid content weight ratio of the higher alcohol and the ionic surfactant is more preferably 9: 1.
The range is from 5: 5. This is because in this range, the optimum composition that can maximize the foaming duration can be selected. Further, the solid content concentration in the aqueous composition is more preferably 5 to 10% by weight. This is because in this range, the optimum concentration that can maximize the foaming duration can be selected.

Specific preferred examples of the combination of the higher alcohol and the ionic surfactant include straight chain alkanols having 12 to 18 carbon atoms and straight chain having 8 to 18 carbon atoms represented by the following chemical formula (1). It is a combination of ionic surfactants having a hydrocarbon group.

Chemical formula (1) C _n H _{2n + 1} OH (where
n = 12-18)

Such a combination specifically consists of the following. (1) An anionic surfactant having a linear alkanol having 12 to 18 carbon atoms represented by the chemical formula (1) and a linear hydrocarbon group having 8 to 18 carbon atoms. (2) A cationic surfactant having a linear alkanol having 12 to 18 carbon atoms represented by the chemical formula (1) and a linear hydrocarbon group having 8 to 18 carbon atoms. (3) An amphoteric surfactant having a linear alkanol having 12 to 18 carbon atoms represented by the chemical formula (1) and a linear hydrocarbon group having 8 to 18 carbon atoms.

The reason is as follows. (1) The ionic surfactant having a straight-chain hydrocarbon group has a large foaming ability, and the foaming duration can be extended by combining it with a straight-chain alkanol having 12 to 18 carbon atoms. (2) If the number of carbon atoms of the linear hydrocarbon group of the ionic surfactant is smaller than 8, or conversely larger than 18, the foaming ability tends to decrease. (3) If the number of carbon atoms of the linear alkanols is smaller than 12 or larger than 18, the foaming ability and foaming sustaining effect of the ionic surfactant cannot be enhanced.

Further, particularly preferable as the ionic surfactant is an ionic surfactant having a linear alkyl group having 12 carbon atoms (lauryl group or dodecyl group). That is, the following combination. (1-a) 12 to 1 carbon atoms represented by the chemical formula (1)
An anionic surfactant having a straight chain alkanol having 8 and a straight chain alkyl group having 12 carbon atoms. (2-a) 12 to 1 carbon atoms represented by the chemical formula (1)
A cationic surfactant having a straight chain alkanol having 8 and a straight chain alkyl group having 12 carbon atoms. (3-b) 12 to 1 carbon atoms represented by the chemical formula (1)
An amphoteric surfactant having a linear alkanol of 8 and a linear alkyl group having 12 carbon atoms. In such a combination, a particularly preferable effect is obtained in terms of extending the foaming duration.

Particularly preferred as such higher alcohol is lauryl alcohol or stearyl alcohol. That is, specifically, the following combinations are more preferable. (I) Lauryl alcohol, and 8 to 18 carbon atoms
An ionic surfactant having a straight chain hydrocarbon group. (II) Stearyl alcohol, and 8 to 1 carbon atoms
An ionic surfactant having a linear hydrocarbon group of 8.

When the higher alcohol is lauryl alcohol, more specifically, the following combinations are particularly preferable. (1-b) lauryl alcohol and 8 to 8 carbon atoms
An anionic surfactant having 18 linear hydrocarbon groups. (2-b) Lauryl alcohol and 8 to 8 carbon atoms
A cationic surfactant having 18 linear hydrocarbon groups. (3-b) lauryl alcohol and 8 to 8 carbon atoms
An amphoteric surfactant having 18 linear hydrocarbon groups.

Such higher alcohols have the chemical formula (1)
It may be a straight chain alkanol having 12 to 18 carbon atoms represented by or a mixture of alcohols if the straight chain alkanol having 12 to 18 carbon atoms represented by the chemical formula (1) is the main component. However, the same preferable effect can be exhibited. For example, lauryl alcohol is industrially obtained mainly from coconut oil, but depending on the degree of purification, octyl alcohol (8 carbon atoms), decyl alcohol (10 carbon atoms), myristyl alcohol (14 carbon atoms), cetyl alcohol. Alcohol (16 carbon atoms)
Those that are mixed are also commercially available. In the case of such a mixture, the number of carbon atoms represented by the chemical formula (1) is 12 to 12
If the linear alkanols of 18 are contained in an amount of 95% by weight or more, the same preferable effect can be exhibited.

In one embodiment of the present invention, an anionic surfactant is used as the ionic surfactant.
Preferably, it is an anionic surfactant having a hydrophilic group containing an atomic group represented by the structural formula —SO ₃ X. here,
X is a monovalent cation selected from sodium, potassium, animonium, and triethanolammonium.
That is, a combination of a higher alcohol and an anionic surfactant having a hydrophilic group containing the atomic group represented by the structural formula —SO ₃ X is preferable. This is because the foaming duration can be extended in such a combination.

Further, a straight chain alkanol having 12 to 18 carbon atoms represented by the chemical formula (1), and the above structural formula-
A combination of anionic surfactants having a hydrophilic group containing an atomic group represented by SO ₃ X is more preferable. Further, it has a linear alkanol having 12 to 18 carbon atoms represented by the chemical formula (1) and a hydrophilic group containing an atomic group represented by the structural formula —SO ₃ X and having 8 to 18 carbon atoms. A combination of anionic surfactants with straight-chain hydrocarbon groups is particularly preferred.

As such an anionic surfactant, specifically, a sulfate ester type (sulfate type) surfactant or a sulfonate type (sulfonate type) is more preferable. That is, specifically, the following combinations are more preferable.

(A) A higher alcohol and a compound represented by the chemical formula (2). Formula ^{(2) R 2 -O-SO} 3 X ( wherein, R ² is a linear alkyl group having 8 to 18 carbon atoms, X is a monovalent cation selected sodium, potassium, ammonium, a triethanolammonium Is)

(B) A higher alcohol and a compound represented by the chemical formula (3). Chemical formula ^{(3) R 2 -O- (CH} 2 CH 2 O) n-SO
₃ X (wherein R ² is a linear alkyl group having 8 to 18 carbon atoms, X is a monovalent cation selected from sodium, potassium, ammonium and triethanolammonium, n
Is 1 to 30)

(C) A higher alcohol and a compound represented by the chemical formula (4). Formula _{^{(4) R 3 -SO 3 X}} ( wherein, R ³ is a monovalent cation selected straight chain 1-alkenyl group having 8 to 18 carbon atoms, X is sodium, potassium, ammonium, a triethanolammonium (D) A higher alcohol and a compound represented by the chemical formula (5). Formula ^{(5) R 2 -Ar-SO} 3 X ( wherein, R ² is a linear alkyl group having 8 to 18 carbon atoms, Ar is a phenylene group or naphthalene group, X is sodium, potassium, ammonium, triethanolammonium Is a monovalent cation selected from)

More specifically, the above structural formula --SO ₃
In X, those in which X = sodium (Na) ion is an even more preferable anionic surfactant,
That is, the following combinations are even more preferable. (A-1) A compound represented by the chemical formula (2) with a higher alcohol. Formula ^{(2) R 2 -O-SO} 3 Na ( wherein, R ² is a linear alkyl group having 8 to 18 carbon atoms) (B-1) a compound represented by the higher alcohol and the formula (3). Chemical formula ^{(3) R 2 -O- (CH} 2 CH 2 O) n-SO
₃ Na (wherein R ² is a linear alkyl group having 8 to 18 carbon atoms, n is 1 to 30) (C-1) A higher alcohol and a compound represented by the chemical formula (4). Formula _{^{(4) R 3 -SO 3 Na}} ( wherein, R ³ is a straight chain 1-alkenyl group having 8 to 18 carbon atoms) (D-1) a compound represented by the higher alcohol and the formula (5). Formula ^{(5) R 2 -Ar-SO} 3 Na ( wherein, R ² is a linear alkyl group having 8 to 18 carbon atoms, Ar is a phenylene group or naphthalene group)

In another embodiment of the present invention, a cationic surfactant is used as the ionic surfactant. The cationic surfactant is preferably a cationic surfactant having a polar atomic group containing a nitrogen atom, that is, a combination of a higher alcohol and a cationic surfactant having a polar atomic group containing a nitrogen atom is used. preferable. Specifically, a combination of a higher alcohol and a cationic surfactant having a polar atomic group containing a nitrogen atom and having a linear alkyl group having 8 to 18 carbon atoms is more preferable. Furthermore, the cationic surfactants represented by the following chemical formulas (6) and (7) are particularly preferable, and specifically, the following combinations are particularly preferable.

(E) A higher alcohol and a compound represented by the chemical formula (6) (alkylamine oxide type surfactant).

[0040]

[Chemical 1]

(Here, R ² is a linear alkyl group having 8 to 18 carbon atoms, R ⁴ is a methyl group or an ethyl group, and R ⁵ is a methyl group or an ethyl group.)

(F) A higher alcohol and a compound represented by the chemical formula (7) (alkyl quaternary ammonium salt type surfactant).

[0043]

[Chemical 2]

(Where R²Is a straight chain of 8 to 18 carbon atoms
Chain alkyl group, R^FourIs a methyl group or an ethyl group, R⁶Is
Methyl group or ethyl group or-(OCH₂CH₂)_mO
H, R ⁷Is a methyl group, an ethyl group or-(OCH₂
CH₂)_nOH, Y is from fluorine, chlorine, bromine or hydroxyl group
The selected anions, m and n are each 1 to 30
)

In another embodiment of the present invention, an amphoteric surfactant is used as the ionic surfactant. The amphoteric surfactant is preferably an amphoteric surfactant having a polar atomic group containing a nitrogen atom, that is, a combination of a higher alcohol and an amphoteric surfactant having a polar atomic group containing a nitrogen atom is preferable. Specifically, a combination of a higher alcohol and an amphoteric surfactant having a polar atomic group containing a nitrogen atom and having a linear alkyl group having 8 to 18 carbon atoms is more preferable. Furthermore, the amphoteric surfactant represented by the following chemical formula (8) is particularly preferable, and specifically the following combinations are particularly preferable.

(G) A higher alcohol and a compound represented by the chemical formula (8) (carbobetaine type surfactant).

[0047]

[Chemical 3]

(Wherein R ² is a linear alkyl group having 8 to 18 carbon atoms, R ⁴ is a methyl group or an ethyl group, R ⁵ is a methyl group or an ethyl group, and n is 0 to 2).

Further, the preferred embodiments of the present invention have the following specific combinations, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. That is, in a coating material made of a foam of an aqueous composition containing a nonionic complex composed of at least one ionic surfactant and at least one higher alcohol, the combination of the higher alcohol and the ionic surfactant is A coating material comprising a foam of an aqueous composition, which is selected from the following group.

(A- *) A straight chain alkanol having 12 to 18 carbon atoms represented by the chemical formula (1), and lauryl sulfate. A straight chain alkanol having 12 to 18 carbon atoms represented by the chemical formula (1) and sodium lauryl sulfate. A straight chain alkanol having 12 to 18 carbon atoms represented by the chemical formula (1) and potassium lauryl sulfate. A straight chain alkanol having 12 to 18 carbon atoms represented by the chemical formula (1) and ammonium lauryl sulfate. A linear alkanol having 12 to 18 carbon atoms represented by the chemical formula (1) and lauryl sulfate triethanolamine salt.

(A-**) A straight chain alkanol having 12 to 18 carbon atoms represented by the chemical formula (1), and sodium octyl sulfate.

(B- *) A straight chain alkanol having 12 to 18 carbon atoms represented by the chemical formula (1), and polyoxyethylene (degree of polymerization: n = 30) sodium lauryl ether sulfate.

(C- *) A straight chain alkanol having 12 to 18 carbon atoms represented by the chemical formula (1), and sodium alpha-olefin sulfonate (1-alkenyl group having 15 to 18 carbon atoms).

(D- *) A straight chain alkanol having 12 to 18 carbon atoms represented by the chemical formula (1), and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate.

(E- *) A straight chain alkanol having 12 to 18 carbon atoms represented by the chemical formula (1), and lauryl dimethylamine oxide.

(F- *) A linear alkanol having 12 to 18 carbon atoms represented by the chemical formula (1), and laurylmethyldipolyoxyethylene (degree of polymerization: n = 15) ammonium chloride.

(F-**) A straight chain alkanol having 12 to 18 carbon atoms represented by the chemical formula (1), and stearyltrimethylammonium chloride.

(G- *) A straight chain alkanol having 12 to 18 carbon atoms represented by the chemical formula (1), and lauryldimethylaminoacetic acid betaine.

Further, the coating material of the present invention is generally foamed and scattered in the following manner at a waste disposal site. The aqueous composition of the present invention and air are pumped into a mixing device and stirred vigorously to obtain a foam. The foam is pumped out through a nozzle and sprayed on the waste to be coated. The foam of the present invention is sprinkled and coated so that there is no exposed surface on the waste. The spray height of the foam at that time is preferably 1 to 10 cm. The aqueous composition of the present invention is prepared by separately preparing a liquid containing a surfactant and a liquid containing a higher alcohol without containing a higher alcohol, and stirring and mixing them immediately before foaming to prepare an aqueous composition before foaming. It is a thing. This is because if the higher alcohol is stored in a mixed state, the viscosity of the aqueous composition increases and it becomes difficult to foam, which is not preferable.

[0060]

【Example】

(Example 1) As the higher alcohol, "lauryl alcohol" manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. was used, and as the ionic surfactant, sodium octyl sulfate "Newcol (trademark) 1000SN" manufactured by Nippon Emulsifier was used. The total solid content concentration was 2.5% by weight, and the compounding ratio ([A = higher alcohol]: [S = anionic surfactant]) was 7: 3.

In the operation, first, a predetermined amount of ionic surfactant was placed in a cylindrical plastic cup and dissolved in water. This aqueous solution is a mechanical stirrer "LAB-STIRERR MODEL LR-41" manufactured by Yamato Scientific Co., Ltd.
And stirred for about 2 minutes. Next, a predetermined amount of higher alcohol was added and further stirred to foam to a volume about 5 times the original chemical solution. The rotation speed of the mechanical stirrer at that time was set to about 2000 rpm. Immediately, the mechanical stirrer was removed from the foam, and the height of the foam was measured every hour while leaving it as it was at room temperature to determine the foam volume half-life. Here, the “foam volume half-life” is the volume of the first foam of the foam (height when the area is constant).
In contrast, it represents the time when the volume of the bubble (the height) is halved. The longer the foam volume half-life, the longer the foaming duration. The measurement results are shown in Table 1. Also, the covering effect when the foam prepared in the same manner as above was coated on the incinerated ash discharged from the actual waste treatment plant and on the sludge containing water discharged from the actual waste treatment plant was also evaluated. . The evaluation method is “OK” when the foaming is continued for 24 hours or more and can be completely covered, and the complete covering is 24 hours.
It was judged as "NG" when the time could not be maintained. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

(Example 2) Sodium polyoxyethylene lauryl ether sulfate "TRAX (trademark) K-300 (polyoxyethylene chain polymerization degree n is 30)" manufactured by NOF CORPORATION was used as an ionic surfactant. except,
The same procedure as in Example 1 was performed. The results are shown in Table 1.

Example 3 Except that sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate "Newcol (trademark) 220L" manufactured by Nippon Emulsifier Co., Ltd. was used as the ionic surfactant.
The same procedure as in Example 1 was performed. The results are shown in Table 1.

Example 4 Example 4 was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that sodium olefin sulfonate “OS-14” manufactured by Nikko Chemicals Co., Ltd. was used as the ionic surfactant. The results are shown in Table 1.

(Example 5) The procedure of Example 1 was repeated, except that lauryldimethylamine oxide "Amphitol (trademark) 20N" manufactured by Kao Corporation was used as the ionic surfactant. The results are shown in Table 1.

Example 6 Example 6 was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that lauryldimethylaminoacetic acid betaine “Amphitol (trademark) 24B” manufactured by Kao Corporation was used as the ionic surfactant. The results are shown in Table 1.

Example 7 Example 7 was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that Stearyl trimethyl ammonium chloride “Arcard ™ T-30” manufactured by Lion Corporation was used as the ionic surfactant. The results are shown in Table 1.

Example 8 Example 8 was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that laurylmethyldipolyoxyethylene ammonium chloride “ESOCARD ™ T-30” manufactured by Lion Corporation was used as the ionic surfactant. . The results are shown in Table 1.

Example 9 Sodium lauryl sulfate "Emar (trademark) 1" manufactured by Kao Corporation as an ionic surfactant
Example 1 was repeated except that "0" was used.
The results are shown in Table 1.

[0070]

[Table 1]

(Example 10) "Stearyl alcohol" manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. was used as the higher alcohol, and sodium lauryl sulfate "Emar (trademark) 10" manufactured by Kao Corporation was used as the ionic surfactant. Mixing ratio of higher alcohol and ionic surfactant ([A]: [S]
Was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that) was set to 1: 9. The results are shown in Table 2.

Example 11 Example 11 was carried out in the same manner as in Example 10 except that the compounding ratio ([A]: [S]) of the higher alcohol and the ionic surfactant was 3: 7. The results are shown in Table 2.

Example 12 Example 12 was repeated except that the compounding ratio ([A]: [S]) of the higher alcohol and the ionic surfactant was 5: 5. The results are shown in Table 2.

Example 13 Example 13 was repeated except that the compounding ratio ([A]: [S]) of the higher alcohol to the ionic surfactant was 7: 3. The results are shown in Table 2.

Example 14 The procedure of Example 10 was repeated, except that the compounding ratio ([A]: [S]) of the higher alcohol to the ionic surfactant was 9: 1. The results are shown in Table 2.

Comparative Example 1 Example 10 was repeated except that the compounding ratio ([A]: [S]) of the higher alcohol and the ionic surfactant was 10: 0, that is, no ionic surfactant was used. I went in the same way. The results are shown in Table 2.

Comparative Example 2 Example 1 was repeated except that the compounding ratio ([A]: [S]) of higher alcohol and ionic surfactant was 0:10, that is, higher alcohol was not used.
It carried out like 0. The results are shown in Table 2.

(Example 15) Example 15 except that the compounding ratio ([A]: [S]) of the higher alcohol (lauryl alcohol) and the ionic surfactant (sodium lauryl sulfate) was 1: 9. The same was done. The results are shown in Table 2.

Example 16 Example 16 was carried out in the same manner as in Example 9 except that the compounding ratio ([A]: [S]) of the higher alcohol and the ionic surfactant was 3: 7. The results are shown in Table 2.
Shown in.

Comparative Example 3 Example 9 was repeated except that the compounding ratio ([A]: [S]) of the higher alcohol and the ionic surfactant was 10: 0, that is, no ionic surfactant was used. I went in the same way. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0081]

[Table 2]

Example 17 Example 17 was carried out in the same manner as in Example 9 except that the compounding ratio ([A]: [S]) of the higher alcohol and the ionic surfactant was 5: 5. The results are shown in Table 3.
Shown in.

(Comparative Example 4) In addition to the higher alcohol (lauryl alcohol) and the ionic surfactant (sodium lauryl sulfate) used in Example 17, as a polymer viscosity modifier, "Poly" manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. was used. Example 17 was repeated except that "acrylic acid" was added. The amount of polyacrylic acid added was 0.38% by weight based on the total concentration of higher alcohols and ionic surfactants of 2.5% by weight. The total solid content concentration at this time was 2.88% by weight. The results are shown in Table 3.

(Comparative Example 5) Instead of the polyacrylic acid used in Comparative Example 4, SBR latex "NIPOL LX-206" manufactured by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd. was used as a latex polymer.
Was added in the same manner as in Example 17, except that 6.0% by weight was added to the total concentration of higher alcohol and ionic surfactant of 2.5% by weight. The total solid content concentration at this time was 8.5.
% By weight. The results are shown in Table 3.

(Comparative Example 6) The polyacrylic acid used in Comparative Example 4 and the SBR latex used in Comparative Example 5 were mixed with a higher alcohol and an ionic surfactant at a concentration of 2.5.
0.38 wt% and 6.0, respectively, relative to wt%
The same procedure as in Example 17 was performed except that the addition of wt% was performed. The total solid content concentration at this time was 8.88% by weight. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0086]

[Table 3]

Example 18 Using the formulation of Example 9 (lauryl alcohol: sodium lauryl sulfate = 7: 3), a stock solution of an aqueous composition having a solid content concentration of 10% by weight was prepared. A foam obtained by diluting this stock solution to 2% by weight in the same manner as in Example 9 was dried on the incinerated ash actually discharged from the waste treatment plant in the same manner as described above to give a foam height of about 5 cm. Was coated so that Then, the height of the foam was measured every few hours, and the operation of obtaining the residual ratio of the foam volume (the ratio of the height of the remaining foam to the height of the initial foam) was repeated. The results are shown in Table 4.

(Example 19) The procedure of Example 18 was repeated, except that the stock solution prepared in Example 18 was diluted to 5% by weight and used. The results are shown in Table 4.

(Example 20) The procedure of Example 18 was repeated, except that the stock solution prepared in Example 18 was used as it was. The results are shown in Table 4.

(Comparative Example 7) Instead of the formulation used in Example 18, a comparative model formulation shown in Table 7 (Tokuhokuhei 4-502) was used.
An aqueous composition (according to the formulation described in 279) was used in the same manner as in Example 18 except that a solid content concentration of about 8% by weight was used. The results are shown in Table 4.

[0091]

[Table 4]

(Example 21) Example 21 was carried out in the same manner as in Example 18 except that the incinerated ash was replaced with the sludge containing water which actually came out of the waste treatment plant as in the above example. Furthermore, in this example, the odor shielding effect was also evaluated. The odor shielding effect was evaluated by the degree to which the odor of sludge leaking from the foam was felt by the actual nose. The criterion is
The case where the odor was not satisfactorily felt was designated as "OK", the case where a slight odor was felt was designated as "Trace", and the case where the odor was felt unpleasantly was designated as "NG". The results are shown in Table 5.

(Example 22) Example 22 was carried out in the same manner as in Example 19 except that the incinerated ash was replaced with the sludge containing water which actually came out of the waste treatment plant as in the above case. The odor shielding effect was evaluated by the same method as in Example 21. The results are shown in Table 5.

(Example 23) Example 23 was carried out in the same manner as Example 20, except that the incinerated ash was replaced with the sludge containing water actually discharged from the refuse treatment plant as in the above example. The odor shielding effect was evaluated by the same method as in Example 21. The results are shown in Table 5.

(Comparative Example 8) The same procedure as in Comparative Example 7 was carried out except that the incineration ash in Comparative Example 7 was replaced with the sludge containing water actually discharged from the waste treatment plant as in the above. The odor shielding effect was evaluated by the same method as in Example 21.
The results are shown in Table 5.

[0096]

[Table 5]

[0097]

[Table 6]

[0098]

[Table 7]

[0099]

The foam of the aqueous composition of the present invention has the following effects (1) to (5). (1) The coating function (which exists as foam for a long time) can be exhibited immediately after foaming and spraying without requiring a curing reaction or drying and solidification, and the foaming can be continued for a long time. (2) In the present invention, a foam made of a complex formed by a nonionic reaction between an ionic surfactant as a foaming agent and a higher alcohol molecule constitutes a coating material. Therefore, it has a remarkably high water retention property, and even when it is sprayed on a dried coating such as incinerated ash, the duration of coating with the foam can be made sufficiently long (24 hours or more). Further, since the bubbles in the foam can be kept minute and stable, the gas shielding property is high, and the dissipation of odor generated from the object to be coated can be suppressed. (3) Since the foaming stabilizing effect does not depend on the interaction between ionic components, it can be safely used even for sludge that generates basic ammonia gas. (4) Unlike a coating material using a polymer material, washing when the stock solution is dried and solidified in the foaming device can be extremely easily performed by washing with water. (5) Optimal composition for the form of the coating (dry incineration ash, sludge containing a lot of water, etc.) because it is a simple component system consisting of only one ionic surfactant, higher alcohol and water. Is easy to determine. It is also preferable from the economical point of view.

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A coating material comprising a foam of an aqueous composition containing a nonionic complex composed of at least one ionic surfactant and at least one higher alcohol. 2. The solid content weight ratio of the higher alcohol and the ionic surfactant in the aqueous composition is:
The coating material comprising a foam of an aqueous composition according to claim 1, which is in the range of 9: 1 to 1: 9 and has a total solid content concentration of 2 to 10% by weight in the aqueous composition. 3. The higher alcohol has 12 to 12 carbon atoms.
A foam of the aqueous composition according to claim 1 or 2, comprising 18 linear alkanols, wherein the ionic surfactant is a surfactant having a linear hydrocarbon group having 8 to 18 carbon atoms. Coating material. 4. A coating material comprising a foam of the aqueous composition according to claim 1, wherein the ionic surfactant is an anionic surfactant. 5. A coating material comprising a foam of the aqueous composition according to claim 1, wherein the ionic surfactant is a cationic surfactant. 6. A coating material comprising a foam of the aqueous composition according to claim 1, wherein the ionic surfactant is an amphoteric surfactant.