JPH07279176A - Method for preventing generation of muddy water - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the generation of muddy water by spraying a spraying agent containing a water repellent agent onto the ground surface on which rainwater runs at a rainfall to impart water repellency. CONSTITUTION:As the water repellent agent used, for example, silicone resin or fluororesin is used, and spraying agents including these water repelling agents are used as emulsion type in which they are suspended and dispersed in water through various emulsifiers. The water repellent agent preferably contains about 1-10% of a solid component. It is sprayed on the ground surface by a general aqueous solution spraying device, and the spraying quantity is properly designed according to the drying state of the ground surface to construct, the grain size of earth and sand, and the smoothness of the surface. Preferably, a spraying agent having a low solid component content in the water repellent agent is used in a large quantity when the ground surface is dry, and a spraying agent having a high solid component content is sprayed in a small quantity when the ground surface is wet. When a spraying agent containing a water-soluble high polymer is used together, nodulization of fine grain component of the ground surface is promoted, and water repelling effect by the water repellent agent is enhanced.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for preventing the generation of muddy water, and more particularly to a method for preventing the generation of muddy water which is generated by entraining fine soil particles when rainwater flows down on the ground surface during rainfall.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, when there is rainfall during earthwork at a construction site such as a road, a residential land, or a golf course, rainwater flows into the surface of the ground while entraining fine soil particles to generate turbid water. In addition to spilling into urban areas, paddy fields, roads, lakes and marshes, damaging these environments, fine soil particles carried by turbid water will settle in places where the flow velocity has decreased, and will remain deposited in various places even after the turbid water has stopped flowing. The pollution caused by turbid water has become a social problem because it requires a lot of manpower for its treatment.

Further, such a problem is caused by a landslide area, a railway,
It has also been pointed out about various other ground surfaces such as road slopes where rainwater flows down during rainfall.

As a measure to prevent the generation of turbid water from the ground surface, the following method has been conventionally practiced. (1) The ground surface is compacted with a roller or the like. (2) Cover the ground surface with a water-blocking sheet or film. (3) Spraying a water-reactive polyeletane type on the ground surface. (4) A reservoir is created so that all the turbid water that flows down is collected in this part, and fine soil particles are allowed to settle in this reservoir.

[0005]

However, in the above method (1), it takes a lot of labor and time to perform the compaction work with the roller each time depending on the weather.
In particular, it is difficult to carry out at the earthwork site, and at the earthwork site, the compacted ground surface will be excavated again, which is not efficient. Further, in the method (2), it is easy to cover the ground surface having a small area, but it is difficult to perform the construction to cover the ground surface having a large area. Furthermore, in the method (3), the spraying machine is special, and the reaction gel body not only loses its effect by being destroyed by the sun but also leaves a residue after weathering, which is an environmental problem. Furthermore, the method of (4) does not prevent the generation of muddy water itself, and requires a terrain suitable for this to create a reservoir pond, and when the rainfall is heavy, the entire amount of it can be stored inside the reservoir. In addition, there is a problem that it is necessary to refill and level the ground after the construction, especially when it is adopted at the earth construction site, which is troublesome for the work.

Therefore, none of the conventional methods can be said to be economical and effective preventive measures, and new measures for preventing the generation of turbid water are desired.

As a simple method for preventing the generation of muddy water, which is an alternative to the above method, the present inventors treat the ground surface with water repellency so that fine soil particles can be removed when rainwater flows down on the ground surface. It has been found that entanglement can be avoided as much as possible to prevent the generation of muddy water or to significantly reduce the amount of sediment carried by spillage.

That is, the present invention provides a method for preventing the generation of muddy water, which is a machine that can be implemented simply and quickly, but can reliably prevent muddy water from being generated from the ground surface on which rainwater flows down. It is intended.

[0009]

The method for preventing the generation of muddy water according to the present invention has been made to achieve the above object.
It is characterized in that a spraying agent containing a water repellent is sprayed on the ground surface on which rainwater flows down at the time of rainfall to prevent pollution of the rainwater flowing down.

The method for preventing the generation of muddy water according to the present invention is
It is preferable to use an emulsion type spraying agent containing the water repellent.

Further, in the method for preventing the generation of turbid water according to the present invention, it is preferable to use a cationic agent as the spraying agent containing the water repellent.

In the method for preventing the generation of muddy water according to the present invention, it is preferable to use a spraying agent containing the water repellent and a spraying agent containing a water-soluble polymer in combination.

The method for preventing the generation of muddy water according to the present invention is
It is preferable to use a cation type as the spraying agent containing the water repellent and use a cation type as the water-soluble polymer.

Further, in the method for preventing the generation of muddy water of the present invention, an anionic one can be used as the spraying agent containing the water repellent and an anionic one can be used as the water-soluble polymer.

Furthermore, in the method for preventing the generation of muddy water of the present invention, a nonionic type is used as a spraying agent containing the water repellent, and an anionic type, a cationic type or a nonionic type is used as the water-soluble polymer. May be.

The method for preventing the generation of muddy water according to the present invention will be described in more detail below.

The method for preventing the generation of turbid water according to the present invention is characterized in that a spraying agent containing a water repellent is sprayed on the ground surface on which rainwater flows down during rainfall to prevent the rainwater flowing down from being contaminated.

Here, as the water repellent used in the present invention, for example, silicone resin, fluororesin, silicone fluororesin and the like can be used.

As the silicone resin, for example, a silicone compound represented by the following chemical formula "Chemical formula 1" can be used.

[Chemical 1] Here, R1 is the same or different type of unsubstituted or substituted monovalent hydrocarbon group, R2 is a hydrolyzable group, the same or different type of group selected from --OH or --H, and a and b are 0≤a <. 4, 0
≦ b ≦ 4, 0 <a + b ≦ 4, x is x = (4
It is a number represented by -ab) / 2.

R1 is an alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms such as methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group and decyl group,
Vinyl group, alkenyl group such as allyl group, aryl group such as phenyl group, cycloalkyl group, CF ₃ CH ₂ CH
_A group in which a part or all of hydrogen atoms bonded to carbon atoms of the above-mentioned alkyl group such as 2- is substituted with a halogen atom or a cyano group and the like.

Further, R2 is a hydrolyzable group such as an alkoxy group, an acyloxy group, a ketoxime group, an amino group, an aminoxy group, an amido group, an enoxy group or an alkenyloxy group, a halogen group such as chlorine, or --OR3 (R3 Is Na
Or K), -OH, -H and the like.

As such a silicone resin,
Specifically, methylhydrogen, polysiloxane,
Amino silicone latex, methyl silicone latex and the like can be used.

As the fluorine resin, for example, a fluorine compound having a basic structure represented by the following chemical formulas "Chemical formula 2", "Chemical formula 5" to "Chemical formula 14" can be used.

[0024]

[Chemical 2] Here, X is H or CH ₃ , and Y is a group represented by “Chemical Formula 3 to Chemical Formula 4”.

[0025]

[Chemical 3]

[Chemical 4]

[Chemical 5]

[Chemical 6]

[Chemical 7]

[Chemical 8]

[Chemical 9]

[Chemical 10]

[Chemical 11]

[Chemical 12]

[Chemical 13]

[Chemical 14] Here, Y is a group represented by -OCF ₃ or "Formula 15 Formula 17".

[0026]

[Chemical 15]

[Chemical 16]

[Chemical 17] As the fluororesin, specifically, a copolymer of a fluorine-containing acrylic ester and an alkoxysilyl group-containing acrylic ester, a copolymer of this acrylic ester and the like should be used. You can

Further, as the silicone fluororesin,
For example, those modified with organosilane or organopolysiloxane can be used, and in particular, hydrolyzable groups, O
Those modified with H, an organosilane containing H, or an organopolysiloxane are preferable because durable water repellency can be obtained.

As the silicon fluorine resin, specifically, a curable fluorine-containing organopolysiloxane or the like can be used.

And, a spraying agent containing these water repellents,
It is preferably used as an emulsion type which is suspended and dispersed in water through various emulsifiers.

When used as an emulsion type, the above water repellent is suspended and dispersed in water through a cationic emulsifier, and a nonionic suspension is dispersed in water through a nonionic emulsifier. Although either a water repellent or an anionic water repellent suspended and dispersed in water via an anionic emulsifier can be used, it is preferable to use them properly according to the electrical properties of the soil. Further, since the soil particles of the earth and sand constituting the ground surface are often negatively charged due to the influence of contained metal ions and the like, it is generally preferable to use a cationic water repellent.

When used as an emulsion type, it is preferable that the water repellent is contained in a solid content of about 0.2 to 20%, and particularly preferably, the water repellent is contained in a solid content of 1 to 20%. Used by containing about 10%.

In addition to the above-mentioned emulsion type spraying agents containing these water repellents, toluene
It can also be used as a solvent type diluted with an organic solvent such as xylene or trichlene, or as a solventless type.

In order to apply the spraying agent containing the water repellent to the ground surface, it is possible to easily use a usual aqueous solution spraying device which has been conventionally used for spraying agricultural chemicals or liquid fertilizer. It can be carried out. The amount of the spraying agent applied to the ground surface is appropriately designed in consideration of the dry state of the ground surface to be constructed, the particle size of the earth and sand, the smoothness of the surface, etc., but in the case of the emulsion type, it is included. It is preferable to spray the emulsion aqueous solution on the ground surface at about 0.2 to 5 l / m ² . If it is less than 0.2 l / m ² , sufficient water repellency cannot be obtained,
Even if sprayed at a spraying amount exceeding / m ² , not only the water-repellent effect is not particularly improved, but also the drying time becomes unnecessarily long, which is not preferable.

When the ground surface is dry, a large amount of the water repellent having a low solid content is applied in the above range, and when the ground surface is in a wet state, the solid content is low. It is desirable to apply a small amount of a large amount of spraying agent. However, when the water content on the ground surface is extremely high due to rain or the like, it is desirable to dry it to the extent that there is no free water and then spray it.

It is desirable that the spraying is carried out 24 hours before the rainfall predicted by the weather forecast or the like.
Depending on the situation, it can also be implemented immediately before.

As a condition of the ground surface on which the above-mentioned spraying is carried out, a relatively smooth and hard surface is preferable. Therefore, as a pretreatment, it is desired to flatten it with a roller or the like and then spray it. It is also possible to spray without performing.

The particle size of the earth and sand on the ground surface is higher when it is rough than when it is fine, but when the smoothness is poor or when it is carried out on the sand having a small particle size, the solid content of the water repellent is large. Can be dealt with by increasing the amount of spray or increasing the amount of spray.

Further, when it is applied to the ground surface having a large inclined surface, it is preferable to spray a large amount of the water repellent on the upper part, but it is necessary to spray the water repellent on the lower part so that it is sufficiently wet.

The method for preventing the generation of muddy water according to the present invention is
It is preferable to use a spraying agent containing a water-soluble polymer together with the spraying agent containing the water repellent.

Here, the water-soluble polymer used in the present invention is a water-soluble polymer that exhibits a soil coagulation effect when used in combination with the water repellent, and such water-soluble polymer is, for example, CMC. (Carboxymethyl cellulose), HEC (hydroxyethyl cellulose), cellulose derivatives such as hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, natural gums such as guar gum, xanthan gum, gum arabic,
Polyvinyl alcohol or cation and anion modified products thereof can be used.

That is, when a spraying agent containing a water-soluble polymer is used in combination with a spraying agent containing a water-repellent agent, the water-repellent agent is promoted by aggregating the fine particles of the earth and sand on the ground surface to promote the formation of aggregates. It is possible to promote the water repellent effect due to, and it is possible to effectively prevent fine soil particles from being washed away by surface water, seepage water, or the like. In addition, it is possible to obtain a secondary effect that dust and the like can be prevented from being generated by wind.

The amount of the water-soluble polymer contained in the water-soluble polymer-containing spraying agent is preferably, for example, 0.2 to 5% in terms of solid content in the spraying solution.

When the spraying agent containing the water-soluble polymer is used in combination, it may be used as a two-liquid type separately from the spraying agent containing the water repellent agent. It can also be used as a one-liquid emulsion type in which a liquid medicine is mixed and dispersed.

When used as a two-component type,
It is preferable to spray the spray agent containing the water-repellent agent after spraying the spray agent containing the water-soluble polymer. When spraying a spraying agent containing a water repellent first, the water repellent action of the water repellent causes
It is not preferable because the effect of soil aggregation due to the water-soluble polymer may not be sufficiently exhibited.

The amount of the water-soluble polymer-containing spraying agent applied to the ground surface varies depending on the drying conditions and particle size of the ground surface to be applied and the smoothness of the surface, but it is applied in the range of 0.2 to 5 l / m ^2. It is preferable to measure. If it is less than 0.2 l / m ² , a sufficient water repellent effect cannot be obtained, and even if the amount of spraying exceeds 5 l / m ² , the water repellent effect is not particularly improved. However, the drying time is unnecessarily long, which is not preferable.

Here, when a cation type is used as the spraying agent containing a water repellent, it is preferable to use a cation type water-soluble polymer.

When an anionic one is used as the spraying agent containing a water repellent, it is preferable to use an anionic one as the water-soluble polymer.

When both the cation type and the anion type are used in combination, the water repellent and the water-soluble polymer coagulate with each other due to their electrical action, so that the water repellent effect or the soil coagulating effect is sufficiently exerted. It is not preferable because it cannot be exhibited.

Further, when a nonionic one is used as the spraying agent containing a water repellent, it is preferable to use an anionic or cationic water soluble polymer, but a nonionic one is used. You can also

[0050]

EXAMPLES The method for preventing turbid water generation according to the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Example 1. As shown in FIG. 1, length 160
cm, width 50 cm, thickness 8 cm, slope 4: 1 with a water pipe 2 on the top of the sand bed 1 and a 20 l plastic tank 4 connected to the bottom through a funnel 3 A Kanto loam 5 having a natural water content of about 20% was laid on the upper surface of the earth and sand floor 1 to a thickness of about 5 cm.

A sample that is simply leveled with a rake after laying earth and sand
I and a surface of the sample II solidified with a 5 kg iron roller, a cationic silicone water repellent emulsion having a solid content of 2% (product name Polon-MK206: manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) is about 1.0 l / m ² was sprinkled. 24
After the lapse of time, 5 l / m ² (spraying time 5
Water) was sprinkled, and the water that flowed down was collected in the plastic tank 4, the pollution degree of the water and the amount of sediment that flowed out were measured, and the quality of the water repellency of the sediment surface was determined.

On the surface of the earth and sand floor 1, weirs with a height of 1 cm are provided every 20 cm in order to prevent the whole earth and sand from sliding down.

The pollution level was measured at the central part of the water flowing into the plastic tank 4 using an ANALITE turbidity meter (manufactured by Central Science Co., Ltd.). The unit is mg / l (ppm) in terms of kaolin, and the turbidity of water is 0 by this method.
It becomes ppm.

Further, as the criteria for judging the water repellency, ◎, ○,
The Δ and × methods were adopted and the judgments were made as follows. ⊚: Water is repelled on almost the entire surface. ○: About half the water is repelled. Δ: Some water is repelled. X: Water is not repelled at all.

The results are collectively shown in the table below together with the following examples and comparative examples.

Example 2. Using the experimental apparatus shown in FIG. 1, a silicone fluorine emulsion containing 2% of solid content was prepared on the surfaces of Samples I and II prepared under exactly the same conditions as in Example 1 (Prototype NO. X-100: Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.). 1.2 liters of a one-liquid emulsion prepared by previously mixing and dispersing (manufactured by Co., Ltd.) was uniformly dispersed. After the lapse of 24 hours as in Example 1, the sprinkling pipe 2
Water of 5 l / m ² (watering time 5 minutes) is collected through the water, and the water that flows down is collected in the poly tank 4 to measure the water pollution level and the amount of sediment, and to check the water repellency of the soil surface. It was judged.

Example 3. Using the experimental apparatus shown in FIG. 1, the nonionic silicone water repellent emulsion containing 2% of solid content (product name Polon-MR) was prepared on the surfaces of Samples I and II prepared under exactly the same conditions as in Examples 1 and 2. : Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), and carboxymethyl cellulose (trade name Madcon PLS: manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.) containing 0.5% of solid content were mixed and dispersed in advance to prepare 1.2 l of a one-liquid emulsion. Sprinkled on. As in Examples 1 and 2, after 24 hours, 5 l / m was passed through the sprinkling pipe 2.
² watering water (watering time 5 minutes), and water was collected in plastic tank 4 pollution of the water flowing down, with measuring the sediment yield was determined the quality of the water repellency of the soil surface.

Example 4. Using the experimental apparatus shown in FIG. 1, the cationic silicone water repellent emulsion containing 2% of solid content (trade name X-51) was prepared on the surfaces of Samples I and II prepared under exactly the same conditions as in Examples 1 to 3. -798: manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., and hydroxyethyl cellulose containing 0.5% of solid content (trade name: Katinal HC-20).
0: manufactured by Toho Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.) 1.2 l of a one-liquid emulsion prepared by mixing and dispersing an aqueous solution in advance was uniformly dispersed. As in Examples 1 and 2, after 24 hours, 5 through the sprinkling pipe 2.
Water of 1 / m ² (sprinkling time of 5 minutes) is sprinkled, and the water that flows down is collected in the poly tank 4 to measure the water pollution level and the amount of sediment, and to judge the water repellency of the sand surface. did.

Example 5. Using the experimental apparatus shown in FIG. 1, cationic fluoroemulsion (trade name X-70-902) containing 2% of solid content was prepared on the surfaces of Samples I and II prepared under exactly the same conditions as in Examples 1 to 4. : Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), and 1.2 l of a one-liquid emulsion in which a cationic guar gum (trade name Jaguar CP-13: manufactured by Sansho Co., Ltd.) aqueous solution containing 0.5% of solid content is previously mixed and dispersed. Sprayed evenly. After 24 hours, water of 5 l / m ² (sprinkling time of 5 minutes) was sprinkled through the sprinkling pipe 2 in the same manner as in Examples 1 and 2, and the water that flowed down was collected in the poly tank 4 to reduce the degree of water pollution. The amount of runoff sediment was measured and the quality of water repellency on the surface of the sediment was determined.

Example 6. Using the experimental apparatus shown in Fig. 1, the red soil 5 having a natural water content of about 20% was laid in a thickness of about 5 cm in place of the Kanto loam layer, and the solid content of 2 was applied to the surface of Samples I and II.
% Anionic fluorine emulsion (trade name X
-70-904: manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), and xanthan gum (trade name, Shin-Etsu Xanthan SG: manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) containing 0.3% of solid content are mixed and dispersed in advance in a one-liquid emulsion 1 0.2 liter was evenly spread. After the lapse of 24 hours as in Examples 1 and 2, the sprinkling pipe 2
Water of 5 l / m ² (watering time 5 minutes) is collected through the water, and the water that flows down is collected in the poly tank 4 to measure the water pollution level and the amount of sediment, and to check the water repellency of the soil surface. It was judged.

Example 7. Using the experimental apparatus shown in FIG. 1, nonionic silicone water-repellent emulsion containing 2% of solid content (trade name Polon-MR: Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. stock) on the surface of Samples I and II laid with red soil as in Example 6. Company) and anionic poval containing 0.8% solids (trade name SPC-20A: manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.)
1.2 liters of one-liquid emulsion prepared by mixing and dispersing an aqueous solution in advance
Was evenly sprayed. After 24 hours, water of 5 l / m ² (sprinkling time of 5 minutes) was sprinkled through the sprinkling pipe 2 in the same manner as in Examples 1 and 2, and the water that flowed down was collected in the poly tank 4 to reduce the degree of water pollution. The amount of runoff sediment was measured and the quality of water repellency on the surface of the sediment was determined.

Comparative Example 1. Using the experimental apparatus shown in FIG. 1, untreated samples I and II composed of the Kanto loam layer prepared under exactly the same conditions as in Examples 1 to 5 were passed through a sprinkling pipe 2 to obtain 5 l.
/ M ² (sprinkling time of 5 minutes) was sprinkled, and the water flowing down was collected in the plastic tank 4 to measure the water pollution level and the amount of sediment, and to judge the water repellency of the surface of sediment. .

Comparative Example 2. Using the experimental apparatus shown in FIG. 1, untreated samples I and II made of red soil prepared under exactly the same conditions as in Examples 6 and 7 were passed through a sprinkler tube 2 to obtain 5 l / m.
² watering water (watering time 5 minutes), and water was collected in plastic tank 4 pollution of the water flowing down, with measuring the sediment yield was determined the quality of the water repellency of the soil surface.

The following table shows the experimental results of the above Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2.

[0066]

[Table 1] As is clear from the results shown in the above table, the amount of soil runoff from the ground surface treated with a spray containing a water repellent is extremely small compared to the untreated case, and the turbidity is also extremely reduced. It was found that the water repellency of was also sufficiently maintained.

Further, when the spraying agent containing the water repellent and the spraying agent containing the water-soluble polymer are used in combination, the amount of soil runoff is further reduced and the turbidity is low, and the overall evaluation is high. Prove.

[0068]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY As described above, the method for preventing the generation of muddy water according to the present invention is a simple and quick method in which a spraying agent containing a water repellent agent is simply sprayed, so that when the rainwater flows down on the ground surface, It is possible to prevent particles from being caught as much as possible, effectively prevent turbid water from being generated from the ground surface on which rainwater flows down, and significantly reduce the amount of sediment carried by rainwater.

Therefore, the present invention prevents the generation of turbid water due to rainfall on the ground surface such as earthworks, landslide areas, railroads, and road slopes where rainwater flows down, and protects the surrounding environment due to turbid water. It is suitable for preventing destruction and collapse of the ground.

When a spraying agent containing a water-repellent agent is used in combination with a spraying agent containing a water-soluble polymer, the water-soluble polymer aggregates the fine particles of the earth and sand on the ground surface to form aggregates. By promoting it, the water-repellent effect of the water-repellent agent can be further promoted, and at the same time, the flow of fine soil particles due to surface water, seepage water, etc. can be prevented more effectively.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of an experimental device used in Examples and Comparative Examples.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Kiyoshige Nishibayashi 4-640 Shimoseido, Kiyose-shi, Tokyo Inside Obayashi Technical Research Institute Co., Ltd. (72) Takayuki Ueno 4-640 Shimoseido, Kiyose-shi Tokyo Metropolitan Technology Research In-house

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A method for preventing the generation of muddy water, which comprises spraying a spraying agent containing a water repellent on the ground surface on which rainwater flows down during rainfall to prevent pollution of the rainwater flowing down. 2. The method for preventing the generation of muddy water according to claim 1, wherein an emulsion type is used as the spraying agent containing the water repellent. 3. The method for preventing the generation of muddy water according to claim 1, wherein a cationic agent is used as the spraying agent containing the water repellent. 4. The method for preventing the generation of muddy water according to claim 1, wherein a spraying agent containing a water-soluble polymer is used in combination. 5. The method for preventing generation of turbid water according to claim 4, wherein a cation type is used as the spraying agent containing the water repellent, and a cation type is used as the water-soluble polymer. 6. The method for preventing turbid water generation according to claim 4, wherein an anionic one is used as the spraying agent containing the water repellent and an anionic one is used as the water-soluble polymer. 7. The method for preventing generation of muddy water according to claim 4, wherein a nonionic agent is used as the spraying agent containing the water repellent.