JPH0727794B2 - Lightning arrester - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial field of application) The present invention relates to a lightning arrester installed on a transmission line or a distribution line.

(Prior Art) Generally, a pair of electrodes having a predetermined discharge gap and a non-linear resistor are housed in the body of a lightning arrester installed on an electric line, and the opening of the body is sealed by a lid fitting and packing. ing.

(Problems to be solved by the invention) However, in the conventional lightning arrester, the packing as the sealing means deteriorates with a temperature change or deteriorates with the passage of time. In that case, the sealing function is deteriorated or lost and the main body is lost. There is a risk that moisture or water may enter the inside, and the inner surface of the main body, the outer peripheral surface of the non-linear resistor, and the discharge gap may become wet, and the discharge voltage characteristics may deteriorate. Also, for inspection or replacement of a lightning arrester with a deteriorated sealing function, the number of facilities is enormous, so that it is very expensive and there is a problem in maintaining a stable electric line.

Furthermore, in the case of the conventional lightning arrester, if the non-linear resistor is damaged due to the entry of an excessive lightning surge, even the insulator body may be destroyed and scattered around.

An object of the present invention is to provide a lightning arrester capable of reliably maintaining the airtightness and watertightness of a discharge gap for a long period of time and preventing damage due to arcs or fragments when a nonlinear resistor breaks.

Configuration of the Invention (Means and Actions for Solving Problems) In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, in the present invention, by disposing discharge electrodes facing each other on the ground side and the charging side via a cylindrical spacer. A gap unit having a discharge gap is provided between the discharge electrodes. The gap unit and the non-linear resistor were housed in the inner cavity of the porcelain insulator main body whose both ends were capped by the cap-shaped electrodes. Then, the tubular spacer is encapsulated by an inorganic insulating material welded between the spacer and the main body of the porcelain insulator and fixed in the inner cavity. In addition, the gap unit is arranged on one opening side of the lumen and the non-linear resistor is arranged on the other opening side, and a columnar conductive member is provided between the gap unit and the non-linear resistor. The spacers are electrically connected, and the conductive spacers separate the gap unit and the non-linear resistor.

(Operation) Therefore, in the present invention, since the discharge gap is enclosed by the inorganic insulating material, its airtightness and watertightness can be reliably maintained for a long period of time.

Further, even if the non-linear resistor is destroyed and an arc is generated, the gap unit is disposed apart from the non-linear resistor via the conductive spacer, so that the gap unit is prevented from being damaged.

Further, even if the non-linear resistor breaks, it is possible to suppress the diffusion of fragments in the direction of the gap unit.

(Embodiment) A first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIG.

The lightning arrester 1 of this embodiment is provided with a hollow porcelain insulator main body 2 having a pleated portion 2a formed on the outer peripheral surface and an inner cavity 2b formed along the central axis, and cushions made of rubber at the upper and lower ends thereof. The cap-shaped electrodes 4 and 5 on the charging side and the grounding side are respectively caulked via the material 3, and the inner cavity 2b is closed by the cap-shaped electrodes 4 and 5. The cap-shaped electrodes 4 and 5 are provided with a charging side terminal 4a and a grounding side terminal 5a for connecting a lead wire (not shown). A support arm 6 is connected to the ground-side cap-shaped electrode 5, and the lightning arrester 1 is supported by a utility pole (not shown) or the like via the support arm 6.

Next, the internal structure of the lightning arrester 1 will be described. In the upper part of the inner cavity 2b (hereinafter, the charging side is the upper side and the grounding side is the lower side), a cylindrical shape is formed of an inorganic insulating material such as porcelain. Two outer cylinder portions 7 are arranged in series. Further, on the inner circumference of the outer cylinder portion 7, there is an inner cylinder portion 9 formed in a cylindrical shape by an inorganic insulating material such as quartz glass, alumina porcelain, or sound absorbing porous ceramics having heat resistance and impact resistance. A pair of intermediate discharge parts 10a, 10 made of a metallic material are arranged between the two inner cylinder parts 9 while being arranged in series.
b are inserted so that their discharge ends face up and down, respectively. The outer cylindrical portion 7 and the inner cylindrical portion 9 constitute a cylindrical spacer 11. The upper and lower end openings of the spacer 11 are composed of discharge portions 10c and 10d on the charging side and the ground side, which have the same configuration as the intermediate discharge portions 10a and 10b, and support portions 10e and 10f made of a conductive ceramic material. The discharge electrodes 10A and 10B on the charging side and the grounding side are the discharge parts 10c and 1
The discharge ends of 0d are installed with the discharge ends facing downward and upward, respectively, and two sets of upper and lower discharge gaps G are formed inside the inner tube portion 9 between the discharge portions 10a and 10c and between the discharge portions 10b and 10d. Has been done. A gap unit is composed of the spacer 11 and the discharge portions 10a to 10d and 10e and 10f.
The outer peripheral surface of the outer cylinder portion 7 and the supporting portions 10e, 10f and the inner peripheral surface of the inner cavity 2b are integrally bonded and fixed by an inorganic insulating material 8 such as lead borosilicate glass formed by welding. The inside of the spacer 11 is sealed. In addition, a flexible conductor 1 is provided between the charging side discharge electrode 10A and the charging side cap-shaped electrode 4.
The conductive springs 12 connected to the upper and lower ends by 2a are interposed.

A conductive spring 13 whose upper and lower ends are connected by a flexible conductor 13a is disposed in the middle of the inner cavity 2b, and an upper end of the conductive spring 13 is connected to a receiving washer 14 disposed below the ground side discharge electrode 10B. In addition to being received, the lower end is received by the receiving washer 15. Below the receiving washer 15, a columnar conductive spacer 17 having rigidity with flange pieces 16 attached to both upper and lower ends is provided.
Are connected. The conductive spacer 17 separates the gap unit from the nonlinear resistor 18.

Further, two nonlinear resistors 18 sintered mainly of zinc oxide (ZnO) are arranged in series below the inner cavity 2b, and a current collector is provided between the two nonlinear resistors 18. The plate 19a is interposed. Further, the non-linear resistor 18 is the upper collector plate 19b.
While being connected to the conductive spacer 17 via
It is connected to the receiving washer 20 via the lower current collecting plate 19c, and the flexible conductor 21a is provided between the receiving washer 20 and the ground side cap-shaped electrode 5.
A conductive spring 21 having its upper and lower ends connected is interposed.

Further, ring-shaped stoppers 22A and 22B that are joined to the inner peripheral surface of the inner cavity 2b are fitted on the outer peripheries of the receiving washers 15 and 20, respectively. Between the stoppers 22A and 22B, between the outer peripheral surface of the conductive spacer 17 and the non-linear resistor 18 and the inner peripheral surface of the lumen 2b, polyurethane or the like forming an elastic insulating layer is formed. It is filled with the independent foam rubber 23.

The manufacturing procedure of the lightning arrester 1 configured as described above will be described. First, the outer cylinder portion 7, the inner cylinder portion 9, the discharge portions 10a to 10d, and the support portion are provided in the upper portion of the inner cavity 2b of the porcelain insulator body 2 which has been previously fired. 1
0e, 10f are housed, and a powdery inorganic insulating material 8 made of lead borosilicate glass is filled between the outer circumference of the outer cylinder portion 7 and the supporting portions 10e, 10f and the inner cavity 2b. Then, 400 ~ 6 in the electric furnace
The inorganic insulating material 8 is heated and melted at 00 ° C., and the porcelain insulator body 2 and the outer cylinder portion 7 and the outer circumferences of the supporting portions 10e and 10f are integrally bonded and fixed by the inorganic insulating material 8. afterwards,
From the lower end opening of the porcelain insulator body 2 into the inner cavity 2b, a receiving washer
14, conductive spring 13, receiving washer 1 with stopper 22A installed in advance
Store 5 in sequence. Subsequently, the conductive spacer 17 to which the flange piece 16 is previously mounted, the non-linear resistor 18, the current collector plate 19, and the receiving washer 20 to which the stopper 22B is previously mounted are sequentially stored in the inner cavity 2b. Then, the raw material of the independent foam rubber 23 is filled between the outer peripheral surface of the conductive spacer 17 and the non-linear resistor 18 and the inner peripheral surface of the inner cavity 2b to heat and foam. Finally, by arranging the conductive springs 12 and 21 at the upper and lower ends of the porcelain insulator body 2 respectively and caulking the cap-like electrodes 4 and 5 on the power-supply side and the ground side through the cushion material 3, The manufacture of the arrester 1 can be completed.

Next, the operation of the lightning arrester 1 configured as described above will be described.

By the way, the lightning arrester 1 supported by a utility pole or the like via the support arm 6 is connected to both terminals 4a and 5a on the charging side and the grounding side, respectively, with an electric line and a lead wire connected to the ground. Then, when an overvoltage of a lightning surge is applied to the terminal 4a on the voltage applying side through the lead wire connected to the electric line, the lightning surge is applied to the cap-shaped electrode 4, the conductive spring 12, the voltage applying side. It flows to the discharge electrode 10A, and both upper and lower discharge gaps G are flashed and flow to the ground side discharge electrode 10B. Then, from the discharge electrode 10B to the receiving washer 14, the conductive spring 13, the receiving washer 15, the conductive spacer 1
7 to the current collectors 19b, 19a, 19c and the non-linear resistor 18, and further through the receiving washer 20, the conductive spring 21, the ground-side cap-shaped electrode 5 and the ground-side terminal 5a through the lead wire. Grounded. At this time, the follow-up current of the line following the lightning surge is promptly suppressed and interrupted by the recovery of the resistance value of the nonlinear resistor 18.

In this embodiment, the spacer 11 and the discharge electrodes 10A and 10B are integrally joined to the inner cavity 2b of the porcelain insulator body 2 by the inorganic insulating material 8, and the discharge gap G is provided in the sealed space inside the spacer 11. Therefore, unlike the conventional example in which the discharge gap or the like in the cavity is sealed only by the lid fitting and the packing, it is possible to reliably prevent the entry of moisture or water into the discharge gap G for a long period of time. .
As a result, the discharge characteristics of the discharge gap G can be stabilized, and the reliability of the arrester 1 can be improved.
Also, the porcelain insulator body 2 and the spacer 11 of the gap unit
Since both are made of porcelain which is an inorganic material, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the porcelain insulator body 2 and the spacer 11 are substantially equal. Therefore, there is no positional deviation between the two due to the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion, and therefore no cracks are formed in the inorganic material 8 that fixes the two, and the ingress of moisture into and out of the gap unit is prevented. As a result, the discharge voltage characteristic of the discharge gap G is stabilized, and the internal insulation of the lightning arrester does not deteriorate.

Further, in this embodiment, the independent foam rubber 23 forming the elastic insulating layer on the outer periphery of the conductive spacer 17, the non-linear resistor 18, etc.
Therefore, even if an arc is generated due to the destruction of the non-linear resistor 18 due to the entry of an excessive lightning surge, the independent foam rubber 23 acts as a cushioning material and the porcelain insulator body 2 It is possible to prevent damage and scattering.
As a result, the durability and reliability of the lightning arrester 1 can be further improved. Further, the independent foam rubber 23 can also improve the insulation strength between the conductive spacer 17, the non-linear resistor 18, etc. and the inner cavity 2b.

In particular, in this embodiment, even if the non-linear resistor 18 breaks to generate an arc, the gap unit is disposed at the opposite end of the non-linear resistor 18 via the conductive spacer 17 to form the gap. Since the unit and the non-linear resistor 18 are separated, it is difficult for the arc to spread to the gap unit. Therefore, damage to the gap unit is prevented, and the gap insulation of the lightning arrester does not deteriorate. Furthermore, since the conductive spacer 17 has rigidity, it is possible that the nonlinear resistor 18
Even if it breaks, it is possible to prevent the arc and the fragments from diffusing in the direction of the gap unit, and prevent accidental damage such as insulation deterioration.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and for example, the length of the conductive spacer 17 is changed to increase or decrease the number of the non-linear resistors 18, or the conductive springs 12, 13, 21 are used. Is composed of a leaf spring, or the discharge parts 10c, 10d are made of metal or conductive ceramics and are supported by 10e, 10
It can be appropriately modified within a range not departing from the gist of the present invention, such as being configured integrally with f.

Effects of the Invention As described above in detail, in the present invention, the discharge gap can be formed in the closed space, and its airtightness and watertightness can be reliably maintained for a long period of time, and the durability and reliability of the entire arrester are improved. it can.

Further, in the present invention, even if the non-linear resistor breaks and an arc is generated, the gap unit is arranged at the opposite end of the non-linear resistor 18 by utilizing the rigidity of the conductive spacer. Therefore, damage to the gap unit is prevented,
It is possible to prevent the gap insulation of the lightning arrester from decreasing.

Further, according to the present invention, even if the non-linear resistor is broken, it is possible to prevent the fragments from diffusing in the direction of the gap unit and avoid accidental damage such as insulation deterioration.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of a lightning arrester showing a first embodiment embodying the present invention. 2 ... Porcelain insulator body, 2b ... Lumen, 4 ... Charging side cap-shaped electrode, 5 ... Grounding side cap-shaped electrode, 7 ... Outer cylinder part, 8 ... Inorganic insulating material, 10A ... Section Charging side discharge electrode, 10B ... Grounding side discharge electrode, 10a to 10d ... Discharging part, 10e, 10f ... Supporting part, 11 ... Spacer, 18 ... Non-linear resistor, 23 ... Independent foam rubber, G …… Discharge gap.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Chihiro Ishibashi 3-17, Maruikedai Ogawa, Ogawa, Higashiura-machi, Chita-gun, Aichi Prefecture No. 2 (56) Reference JP-A-59-49178 (JP, A) JP-A-62-243272 (JP, A) Actual development 61-142394 (JP, U)

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A gap unit in which a discharge gap is formed between the discharge electrodes on the ground side and the charge side by facing each other via a cylindrical spacer, and a non-linear resistor is provided at both ends. In a lightning arrester housed in the inner cavity of a porcelain insulator body sealed by a cap-shaped electrode, a cylindrical spacer is enclosed by an inorganic insulating material welded between the spacer and the body of the porcelain insulator and enclosed in the inner cavity. The gap unit is fixed and the gap unit is arranged on one opening side of the lumen, and the non-linear resistor is arranged on the other opening side, and a columnar conductivity is provided between the gap unit and the non-linear resistor. A lightning arrester that is electrically connected by a spacer, and the conductive spacer separates the gap unit from the non-linear resistor. 2. The lightning arrester according to claim 1, wherein the non-linear resistor is enclosed in an elastic insulating layer and accommodated in the inner cavity.