JPH07274873A - Protein-containing substance excellent in oil absorption property and water absorption property and production thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a food raw material or health food raw material composed of a fine fiber division separated and prepared from corn grains or a mixture obtained by adding a protein division to the fine fiber division. CONSTITUTION:This protein-containing substance is composed of a fine fiber division obtained by subjecting corn grains to wet grinding, separating a fiber division from a protein division and removing coarse fiber from the fiber division or a mixture obtained by adding the protein division to the fine fiber division. The protein-containing substance having oil absorption ratio and water absorption ratio 5 which are or more times larger based on own weight is obtained thereby and the protein-containing substance has oxidation preventing effect of fats and oils and is free from feeling rough to the tongue even when added to foods.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a protein-containing substance which is obtained from corn grains and has excellent oil absorbency and water absorbability, which can be applied to foods, and a method for producing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, many foods contain both fats and oils, but not only oils and fats are separated from water, but especially fats and oils containing highly unsaturated fatty acids are easily oxidized. Often must be added.

On the other hand, the main ingredient, starch, etc. is produced by a method such as wet milling (wet sulfite dipping treatment of corn) using corn as a raw material. In this manufacturing process, the hulls other than the main ingredient, protein, and germ are produced. Etc. are obtained as a by-product.

The water-insoluble dietary fiber prepared from the outer coat, that is, the fiber segment, has been attracting attention as a dietary fiber in recent years, but it is also known to have physiological activities such as an effect of suppressing an increase in serum cholesterol. ,
Further, as described in New Food Industry vol.20, no.4 (1984), it has some oil absorption and water absorption.

Further, the protein category is used as a raw material for feed, light-mouth amino acid seasoning, etc. after drying.
As described in No. 3-50292, it has the effect of preventing the oxidation of fats and oils, but it has little oil absorption and water absorption.

[0006]

In order to improve the stability such as aging resistance of foods containing fats and oils, it has both oil absorption and water absorption and also has an antioxidant effect on fats and oils. Although it is considered preferable to add substances, including water-insoluble dietary fiber and corn protein,
The current situation is that none have sufficient oil absorption and water absorption. Furthermore, when both of these water-insoluble dietary fiber and corn protein are added to foods, there is a problem in that even if they are made into a fine powder and blended, they have a rough texture.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, is excellent in oil absorption and water absorption, can be applied to foods, does not impair the texture even when blended in foods, and further It is intended to provide a substance that also has an antioxidant effect.

[0008]

[Means for Solving the Problems] As a result of intensive research to solve the above problems, a protein-containing composition comprising fine fiber fractions separated and prepared from corn grains or a mixture of the fine fiber fractions and corn protein fractions The substance is excellent in oil absorption and water absorption, and does not impair the texture even when blended into food,
Furthermore, it has been found that it also has an antioxidant effect on fats and oils
The present invention has been completed.

That is, the protein-containing substance excellent in oil absorption and water absorption of the present invention is a fine fiber section obtained by removing coarse fibers from a fiber section of corn, or a fine fiber section and a protein section of corn. It is characterized by comprising a mixture.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention,
The oil absorption rate and the water absorption rate are 5 times or more of their own weight.

Furthermore, in another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the component composition is such that the solid content is 10 to 70% by weight of protein, 15 to 80% by weight of dietary fiber, 3 to 10% by weight of oil, and 3 to 6 of others.
% By weight.

Further, the method for producing a protein-containing substance excellent in oil absorbency and water absorbability of the present invention is a method in which corn kernels are wet-milled to separate a fiber section from a protein section, and then coarse fibers are separated from this fiber section. Is separated to separate the fine fiber section, and then the fine fiber section or a mixture of the fine fiber section and the protein section is treated with a raw starch degrading enzyme to decompose and remove the starch. And

The present invention will be described below with reference to preferred embodiments.
The details will be described.

The fine fiber section used in the present invention comprises a starch section and a protein section obtained by subjecting corn grains to wet milling (wet sulfite immersion treatment of corn).
It is obtained by further wet-milling the outer skin segment when separated into the outer skin segment and the embryo segment, that is, the fiber segment, to remove coarse fibers, and is preferably a 24-mesh sieve-passed product.

Further, the protein categories used in the present invention are:
The protein fraction separated by wet milling is used as is.

In wet milling, corn kernels are immersed in a sulfite solution, and then the germ division and the hull division are sequentially separated, and the resulting slurry is separated into a protein fraction and a starch fraction with a millstream thickener. , Protein classification is a method to further concentrate with gluten thickener.

The protein-containing substance having excellent oil absorbency and water absorbability of the present invention may be the fine fiber section thus obtained as it is, or the fine fiber section mixed with the protein section may be used as it is. Preferably, the starch is decomposed and removed by treatment with a raw starch degrading enzyme. As will be apparent from the examples described later, the fine fiber section and / or the processed product thereof is superior in oil absorbency and water absorption to the mixture of the fine fiber section and the protein section and / or the processed product thereof. However, when the protein fraction is mixed, the antioxidant effect of fats and oils becomes higher. The proportion of the protein fraction mixed with the fine fiber fraction is preferably 0 to 900 parts by weight, more preferably 20 to 50 parts by weight, as the solid content, based on 100 parts by weight of the fine fiber category.

In the present invention, the treatment with the raw starch degrading enzyme is preferably carried out as follows. That is,
A suspension containing fine fiber fractions or a mixture of fine fiber fractions and protein fractions is prepared, for example, using a continuous centrifuge or the like to a solid content concentration of about 1 to 10% by weight, and then alkali is added. The pH is adjusted to 5 to 6, then raw starch degrading enzyme is added, and the reaction is carried out by stirring at 50 to 60 ° C. for 3 to 20 hours. Then, it heat-processes and sterilizes, spin-dry | dehydrates, it wash | cleans repeatedly, and it dries. As the alkali, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide and the like are preferably used. As the raw starch degrading enzyme, for example, "Daviase" (trade name, manufactured by Nagase & Co., Ltd., Daikin Industries, Ltd.), "Gluczyme" (trade name, manufactured by Amano Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), etc. can be used. , The amount used is 0.02 to 0.2 per solid content of the suspension containing the fine fiber section or the mixture of the fine fiber section and the protein section.
Weight percent is preferred.

The component composition of the protein-containing substance of the present invention thus obtained which is excellent in oil absorption and water absorption is as follows: protein 10-70% by weight, dietary fiber 15-80% by weight, oil
3 to 10% by weight and other 3 to 6% by weight.

Further, the protein-containing substance of the present invention which is excellent in oil absorbency and water absorbency has an oil absorbency and water absorbency of 5 times or more of its own weight, as will be apparent from the examples described later.

[0021]

The protein-containing substance of the present invention, which is excellent in oil absorbency and water absorbency, has oil absorbency and water absorbency of 5 times or more of its own weight, as will be apparent from the examples described later. Can be applied to.

Further, even if it is mixed with food, it does not have a grainy feeling and does not spoil the texture.

Further, since the protein-containing substance of the present invention having excellent oil absorbency and water absorbability contains corn protein, it also has an effect of preventing oil and fat from being oxidized. This effect is particularly great when the protein category is incorporated. The antioxidant effect of corn protein on fats and oils is described in detail in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-50292, which has been proposed by the present applicant.

Therefore, the protein-containing substance of the present invention having excellent oil absorbency and water absorbency is useful as a powdered base material of easily-oxidized fats and oils, an excipient in the production of tablet-type and granule-type foods, It can also be used for improving the stability of foods containing a large amount of water, such as fish paste products and livestock paste products, and for preventing water bleeding.

The use of the protein-containing substance obtained by the present invention will be described in more detail as follows. This protein-containing substance is excellent in adsorptivity such as water absorbency, oil absorbency, and water retention, so that miso, tofu, retort food,
By adding to frozen foods, bread, pies, sweets, fish paste products such as kamaboko and chikuwa, and meat paste products such as hamburger steak and meat dango, aging resistance and water bleeding prevention, soft texture and freshness can be obtained. The effect of being retained is obtained. Since this protein-containing substance has a high absorption capacity, it can be effectively used as a powdering carrier in the production of powder soups, powdered fats and oils, powdered extracts, powdered flavors and the like, and the powdered foods thus obtained have little hygroscopicity and flow. It has excellent properties and disintegrates and disperses easily when dissolved in water or hot water. This protein-containing substance exerts an action of preventing caking when added to candy, drops, kelp soup, etc. in order to maintain fluidity and prevent sticking to each other. This protein-containing substance has the property of depriving water of the system and relatively increasing the viscosity, so that it can be used as a viscosity modifier for sauces, ketchups, dressings, mayonnaises, sauces of roasted meat, etc. It is valid. When this protein-containing substance is added to biscuits, cookies, udon, buckwheat, etc., the spreadability, cutting property and engraving property of the dough become good, and the workability is improved. This protein-containing substance is also effective as a shape-retaining agent capable of achieving the shape of pasty foods such as cream and spread. When this protein-containing substance is added to baked confectioneries such as biscuits, cookies, oysters, and senbei, it has the effect of improving the peelability from the iron plate, reducing the generation of scraps, and making the product crispy. A texture can be imparted. This protein-containing substance is also effective as an excipient in the production of tablet-type or granule-type foods such as Ramune.

[0026]

【Example】

Example 1 An outer shell, that is, a fiber section obtained by treating corn grains by wet milling was suspended in water, wet-milled with a homogenizer, and then passed through a 24-mesh sieve to remove coarse fibers to obtain fine fiber sections. Obtained.

Then, the obtained fine fiber section was concentrated by a continuous centrifuge to a solid content concentration of 5.0% by weight,
Sodium hydroxide was added to adjust the pH to 5.5, and then 0.1% by weight of solid starch contained in the fine fiber category, raw starch degrading enzyme "Daviase" (trade name, manufactured by Nagase & Co., Ltd., Daikin Industries Ltd. (Manufactured by the company) is added, and at 50 ° C, 5
Reacted for hours. Then, it was sterilized by heating, dehydrated, washed repeatedly with water, and dried to obtain a pale yellow powder.

Example 2 100 parts by weight of the fine fiber section obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 and 20 parts by weight of the protein section obtained by the wet milling process of corn kernels were mixed, and the rest of Example 1 was performed.
A light yellow powder was obtained in the same manner as described above.

Example 3 100 parts by weight of the fine fiber section obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 and 50 parts by weight of the protein section obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 were mixed, and the rest of Example 1 was repeated. The same treatment was performed to obtain a pale yellow powder.

Example 4 100 parts by weight of the fine fiber section obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 and 100 parts by weight of the protein section obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 were mixed, and the rest of Example 1 The same treatment was performed to obtain a pale yellow powder.

Comparative Example 1 In the same manner as in Example 1, the outer skin section obtained by treating corn grains by wet milling was washed with water, and the obtained fiber section was dehydrated and dried to obtain a pale yellow powder. .

Comparative Example 2 As in Example 2, sodium hydroxide was added to the protein fraction obtained by treating corn kernels by wet milling to adjust the pH to 5.5, and then included in the protein fraction. 0.1% by weight of daubiase was added to the starch, and the mixture was reacted at 50 ° C. for 5 hours. Then, it was dehydrated and dried to obtain a pale yellow powder.

Experimental Example 1 Measurement of oil absorption rate and water absorption rate The oil absorption rate and water absorption rate of Examples 1 to 4, Comparative Examples 1 and 2 and corn starch were measured. The measuring method was as follows.

Method of Measuring Oil Absorption Rate Each powder is put in a beaker, corn oil is dropped and mixed, and the amount of oil until the surface of the mixture becomes glossy is determined. The oil absorption per 1 g of powder is taken as the oil absorption rate.

Method for measuring water absorption To 1 g of each powder, 30 g of water is added, and homogenized for 1 minute using a homogenizer "Hiscotron" (trade name, manufactured by Nichine Medical & Scientific Instruments Co., Ltd.). Then
Centrifuge at 5000 rpm for 20 minutes, remove the supernatant liquid and weigh the remaining weight to obtain the water absorption per 1 g of powder and use it as the water absorption rate.

According to the above method, for each powder
The measurement was performed 3 times and the average value was obtained. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0037]

[Table 1]

From the results shown in Table 1, it can be seen that the powders obtained in Examples 1 to 4 have an oil absorption rate and a water absorption rate of 5 times or more their own weight. On the other hand, Comparative Examples 1 and 2 and corn starch have low oil absorption and low water absorption except that the water absorption of Comparative Example 1 is close to 5 times. In addition, Examples 1 to 1
Comparing 4 with each other, the higher the blending ratio of the protein category, the lower the oil absorption rate and the water absorption rate. However, as is already known, corn protein has an antioxidant effect on fats and oils, and the effect increases as the proportion of the protein category increases.

Experimental Example 2 Measurement of Component Composition The composition of each of Examples 1 to 4, Comparative Examples 1 and 2 and corn starch was measured. The measuring method was as follows.

Protein was measured by the conventional Kjeldahl method.

Dietary fiber It was measured by a conventional enzyme gravimetric method (Prosky method). That is, a phosphate buffer was added to 1 g of a sample, and then α-amylase was added, followed by addition of a protease and amyloglucosidase for hydrolysis. The obtained reaction solution was added to 4
After adding to twice the amount of ethanol and collecting the precipitate by filtration,
Dry overnight at 105 ° C. From this weight, the protein amount measured by the Kjeldahl method and the ash amount measured by decomposing at 525 ° C. for 5 hours were subtracted to obtain the amount of dietary fiber contained per 1.00 g.

Oil content It was measured by the Soxhlet method using ethyl ether, which is a conventional method.

Other components Other than protein, dietary fiber, and oil, the values were obtained by subtracting these from the total amount.

The results are shown in Table 2. These values are in terms of solid content.

[0045]

[Table 2]

From the results shown in Table 2, the powders of Examples 1 to 4 were
The solids have a composition of 10 to 70% by weight of protein, 15 to 80% by weight of dietary fiber, 3 to 10% by weight of oil, and 3 to 6% by weight of other components. Comparative Examples 1 and 2 and corn starch are It can be seen that the protein and dietary fiber contents are out of these ranges.

Experimental Example 3 Texture Test Examples 1 to 4, Comparative Examples 1 and 2, and corn starch were tested by the following test A and test B by 8 experienced panelists, and When evaluated by the evaluation methods shown, the results shown in Table 3 were obtained. In addition,
Values are the average of 8 people.

Test A: Each powder is tasted directly. Test B: Liquid sugar is mixed with each powder to form a paste for tasting.

Evaluation method +2: There is smoothness. +1: There is some smoothness. 0: There is no feeling of roughness. -1: Somewhat rough feeling. -2: There is a feeling of roughness. -3: There is a feeling of roughness. -4: Very rough.

[0050]

[Table 3]

From these results, it can be seen that Examples 1 to 4 have almost no rough texture and have a slightly smooth texture. In addition, Comparative Examples 1 and 2 and corn starch, except that the test B of corn starch is slightly smooth,
It can be seen that the texture is rough.

[0052]

As described above, since the protein-containing substance of the present invention has high oil absorption and water absorption, it is suitable as a food material or a health food material requiring oil and / or water dispersion. Is. Further, since it contains corn protein, it can be expected to have an antioxidant effect on fats and oils.
Further, even when added to foods, it does not have a grainy feeling and does not impair the texture.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. An excellent oil-absorbing property and a water-absorbing property, characterized by comprising a fine fiber section obtained by removing coarse fibers from a fiber section of corn or a mixture of this fine fiber section and a protein section of corn. Protein-containing substances. 2. The protein-containing substance excellent in oil absorption and water absorption according to claim 1, wherein the oil absorption rate and the water absorption rate are 5 times or more of its own weight. 3. The composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the composition of the solids is 10 to 70% by weight of protein, 15 to 80% by weight of dietary fiber, 3 to 10% by weight of oil, and 3 to 6% by weight of others. A protein-containing substance with excellent oil absorption and water absorption. 4. A corn kernel is wet-milled to separate a fiber section and a protein section, coarse fibers are removed from this fiber section to separate a fine fiber section, and then this fine fiber section, or A method for producing a protein-containing substance excellent in oil absorption and water absorption, which comprises decomposing and removing starch by treating a mixture of the fine fiber section and the protein section with a raw starch degrading enzyme.