JPH0726655B2 - One way clutch - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a one-way clutch used in, for example, a paper feeding device for office automation equipment, film feeding for cameras, model toys, and the like.

<Prior Art> A conventional one-way clutch of this type will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional front view of the one-way clutch.

In the figure, reference numeral 1 is an outer ring, and a cam surface 1a, which is recessed radially outward, is arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 1 in the circumference 6.

A retainer 2 is fitted in the outer ring 1 coaxially therewith, and the retainer 2 is fixed to the outer ring 1.

Roller pockets 2a are formed on the retainer 2 at equal intervals around the circumference 6, and each roller pocket 2a is arranged corresponding to the cam surface 1a.

The roller 3 is rotatably housed in the roller pocket 2a, and the spring member 4 for urging the roller 3 to press the roller 3 to the side for locking the roller 3 is also housed.

The width of the inner end of the roller pocket 2a is set smaller than the diameter of the roller 3 so that the roller 3 does not come out.

Reference numeral 5 is a drive shaft, and the shaft 5 is inserted into the cage 2 (shown by a chain double-dashed line).

The roller 3 is arranged between the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 5 and the cam surface 1a of the outer ring 1, and the spring member 4 is adjacent to the roller 3 in the circumferential direction between the shaft 5 and the outer ring 1.

In the one-way clutch having such a structure, the shaft 5
Is rotated in the clockwise direction (the same direction as the biasing direction of the spring member 4), the rotation of the shaft 5 causes the roller 3 to move around the shaft 5 in the roller pocket 2a independently, and at a certain position (broken line in FIG. 5). Since the outer ring 1 rotates with the shaft 5 in the same direction, the outer ring 1 rotates in the same direction.

On the other hand, when the shaft 5 is rotated counterclockwise, the roller 3
Moves in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the shaft 5 against the biasing force of the spring member 4 and idles in the roller pocket 2a, so that the outer ring 1 does not rotate regardless of the rotation of the shaft 5.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> However, the conventional example having such a configuration has the following problems.

In a conventional one-way clutch, in order to minimize the time lag from the start of locking the roller 3 to the completion of the locking, it is common to use the spring member 4 to urge the roller 3 to the side that locks with the cam surface 1a. Has been done.

The arrangement position of the spring member 4 is only considered to be adjacent to the roller 3 in the circumferential direction between the outer ring 1 and the shaft 5.

That is, since the spring member 4 is arranged adjacent to the roller 3 in the circumferential direction, the space occupied by the roller 3 and the spring member 4 in the circumferential direction is relatively large.

Therefore, since the number of rollers 3 and the spring members 4 that can be arranged is naturally determined by setting the circumferential length, the number of arranged rollers must be increased in order to improve the power transmission capability. Since the outer diameter size becomes large and the number of rollers 3 to be arranged must be reduced in order to reduce the outer diameter size, the power transmission capability is inevitably reduced.

Thus, in the conventional arrangement structure of the spring member 4,
The number of rollers 3 can be increased without increasing the outer diameter dimension to improve the power transmission capacity, or the number of rollers 3 can be made the same to reduce the outer diameter dimension while maintaining the power transmission capacity. There wasn't.

The present invention was devised in view of such circumstances, and improves power transmission capacity when the outer diameter dimension is constant, and reduces the outer diameter dimension when the number of arranged rollers is constant. The purpose is to enable realization.

<Means for Solving Problems> In order to achieve such an object, the present invention adopts an entirely new structure in which a roller is pushed by a retainer and does not use a conventional spring member.

That is, the one-way clutch according to the present invention includes an outer ring having a plurality of cam surfaces on its inner peripheral surface, an inner rotating member that is rotatably inserted through the outer ring, and an outer peripheral surface of the inner rotating member and the outer ring. A state in which a roller arranged between the cam surface and a roller pocket for rotatably accommodating the roller is provided and independently rotatable with respect to the outer ring between the outer ring and the inner rotating member. And a retainer interposed between the retainer and the inner peripheral surface of the retainer so as to be in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface of the inner rotating member. The retainer rotates integrally with the rotation of the inner rotating member. And a friction member.

<Operation> The operation of the configuration of the present invention is as follows.

Conventionally, when the roller is moved to the lock side, the roller is biased in the moving direction by a spring member, but in the present invention, the roller is pushed in the circumferential direction by a retainer.

That is, when the inner rotating member is rotated, the retainer is integrally rotated with the inner rotating member by the friction member, and the inner surface of the roller pocket contacts the roller by the rotation of the retainer, It comes to push this roller in the circumferential direction.

Therefore, when the roller reaches the position where the roller completely locks with the cam surface, the inner rotating member and the outer ring rotate integrally, and when the roller reaches the position where the roller idles, the inner rotating member retains the cage. And will rotate independently.

In this way, the one-way clutch, which has a new structure that has never existed, functions as a one-way clutch.

By arranging the retainer integrally with the inner rotating member by such a friction member to push the roller, a conventional spring member is not used, so that the space occupied in the circumferential direction of the spring member is not used. It is not necessary to secure.

<Example> Hereinafter, an example of the present invention is described in detail based on a drawing.

An embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIGS.
FIG. 1 is a front view of a half section of a one-way clutch, FIG. 2 is a front view of a half section showing a roller lock state, and FIG. 3 is a front view of a half section showing a roller idle state.

In these figures, reference numeral 10 is a shell type outer ring,
On the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 10, there is a cam surface 11 which is recessed radially outwardly.
They are formed in equal distribution (all are not shown).

A retainer 20 is internally fitted to the outer ring 10 so as to be able to rotate inward relative to the outer ring 10, and inside the retainer 20, a drive shaft 30 (one point in FIG. (Indicated by a chain line) is inserted.

Predetermined gaps are formed between the outer ring 10 and the cage 20 and between the cage 20 and the shaft 30, respectively, and between the cam surface 11 of the outer ring 10 and the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 30. A roller 40 stored in a roller pocket 21 of the cage 20 is arranged.

That is, between the outer ring 10 and the shaft 30, there is no conventional spring member and only the roller 40 is arranged.

Roller pockets 21 are formed in the cage 20 at equal intervals around the circumference 6, and each of the roller pockets 21 penetrates in the radial direction.

The circumferential space of the roller pocket 21 is set to be slightly larger than the diameter of the roller 40, and a lip portion for holding the roller is provided at the inner end of the inner surface of the roller pocket 21.
22,23 are formed.

The roller 40 is rotatable in the roller pocket 21 and a slight pocket gap is formed. However, the gap between the lip portions 22 and 23 is set to be smaller than the diameter of the roller 40, and the roller 40 comes out. Is being prevented.

Since the pocket gap of the roller pocket 21 becomes the idling angle when the roller is locked, the pocket gap is preferably made as small as possible so that the roller 40 can rotate.

Further, flexible lip-shaped friction members 50 are integrally formed with the retainer 20 at a plurality of positions on the inner peripheral surface of the retainer 20 in the circumferential direction.

The friction member 50 is formed obliquely in the radial direction and is in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 30.

Next, the operation will be described.

When the shaft 30 is rotated clockwise in FIG. 1,
The friction surface member 50 has a shaft 30 and a cage as shown in FIG.
Since the cage 20 is deformed to a state of rising and the frictional force is increased, the cage 20 rotates integrally with the shaft 30 in synchronization.

Due to the rotation of the cage 20, the inner surface of the roller pocket 21 comes into contact with the roller 40 and pushes the roller 40 to the side that locks with the cam surface 11.

In this way, when the roller 40 is pushed by the retainer 20 and reaches the position where the roller 40 is completely locked, the shaft 30 and the outer ring 10
And will rotate in synchronism with each other.

When the shaft 30 is rotated counterclockwise in this state, the roller 40 independently starts moving in the same direction as the rotation direction of the shaft 30, and the friction member 50 returns to its original shape so that the retainer 20 moves together with the shaft 30. Rotate.

When the cage 20 rotates, the inner surface of the roller pocket 21 abuts against the roller 40 and pushes the roller 40 in the circumferential direction, so that the roller 40 idles on the cam surface 11 between the cam surface 11 and the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 30. Side, the cam surface 11 causes the roller 40
And the cage 20 stops and only the shaft 30 rotates independently of the cage 20 and the outer ring 10.

As described above, in the one-way clutch of the present embodiment, the conventional spring member is eliminated by storing only the roller 40 in the roller pocket 21 of the cage 20, so that the circumferential direction of this spring member is eliminated. It is not necessary to secure the occupied space in.

Therefore, in the one-way clutch of the present embodiment, as compared with the one-way clutch of the conventional example, when the outer diameter is constant, a large number of rollers 40 can be arranged, so that the power transmission capability can be improved. On the other hand, when the number of rollers 40 arranged is constant, the radius from the center to the rollers 40 can be made small, so that the outer diameter can be made small.

By the way, in the conventional one-way clutch, only the rollers independently move regardless of the retainer, and since each of the plurality of rollers is individually biased by the spring member, If there is a variation in each spring constant, the lock timing of each roller may shift, but according to the one-way clutch of the present embodiment, the roller 40 is pushed by the retainer 20, so that the roller 40 idles. If the central angles of the pocket gaps between the rollers 40 and the cage 20 are all the same at the positions, the additional effect that the locking times of all the rollers 40 can be made coincident is obtained.

Since the friction member 50 is slanted in the radial direction in the above embodiment, the shaft is particularly provided on the side where the roller 40 is locked.
Retainer 20 for this shaft 30 when rotating 30
Will become stronger. However, in the present invention, it is needless to say that the friction member 50 may have a shape along the radial direction, and even in this case, the rotation of the shaft 30 causes the cage 20 to integrally rotate.

Further, the friction member 50 according to the present invention is not limited to the one described in the above embodiment, but may be, for example, a curved leaf spring 50a as shown in FIG.

The leaf spring 50a includes a linear holding portion 51a and an elliptic curved pressing portion 52a.

Recesses 24 are formed at a plurality of positions on the inner peripheral surface of the cage 20 in the circumferential direction, and the retaining portions 51a of the leaf springs 50a are retained in the recesses 24.

Then, the pressing portion 52a of the leaf spring 50a is connected to the retainer 20 and the shaft 30.
It is arranged in a state of being compressed by pressure between and so as to increase the frictional force with the shaft 30.

Also in this case, the cage 20 is integrally rotated by the rotation of the shaft 30, and the inner surface of the roller pocket 21 of the cage 20 acts to push the roller 40 in the circumferential direction.

<Effects of the Invention> According to the present invention, the following effects are exhibited.

In the present invention, since the cage is integrally rotated with the inner rotary member by the friction member to push the roller, the conventional spring member is not necessary.

Since the spring member is unnecessary, it is not necessary to secure an occupied space in the circumferential direction of the spring member, and as a result, the circumferential length can be shortened by that amount.

Therefore, in the present invention, in comparison with the conventional case, many rollers can be arranged when the outer diameter dimension is constant, so that the power transmission capability can be improved, while when the number of arranged rollers is constant, Since the radius from the roller to the roller can be reduced, the outer diameter dimension can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 to 3 relate to an embodiment of the present invention.
The figure is a half section vertical front view of the one-way clutch, FIG. 2 is a half section vertical front view showing a roller locked state, and FIG. 3 is a half section vertical front view showing a roller idling state. FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional front view showing another example of the elastic member of the present invention. Further, FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional front view of the one-way clutch according to the conventional example. 10 …… Outer ring 11 …… Cam surface 20 …… Cage 21 …… Roller pocket 30 …… Shaft (inner rotating member) 40 …… Roller 50 …… Friction member.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An outer ring having a plurality of cam surfaces on its inner peripheral surface, an inner rotating member inserted relatively rotatably into the outer ring, and an outer peripheral surface of the inner rotating member and a cam surface of the outer ring. A cage that has a roller arranged therein and a roller pocket that rotatably accommodates the roller, and is interposed between the outer ring and the inner rotating member in a state of independently rotating with respect to the outer ring. And a friction member that is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the retainer so as to be in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface of the inner rotating member, and that integrally rotates the retainer as the inner rotating member rotates. One-way clutch characterized by having. 2. The one-way clutch according to claim 1, wherein the friction member is a flexible lip formed integrally with a cage.