JPH07265429A - Respiratory vibration generator for artificial respirator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To hold the negative pressure time in the outlets of a valve mechanism longer than the pressurizing time in the inside and to suppress the increase of the internal pressure in the patient's lungs by setting the opening area of at least the patient side negative pressure ports larger than the opening area of the patient side pressurizing port. CONSTITUTION:The valve body 3 of the valve mechanism 1 is rotated by means of a revolving shaft 4 when a motor for the valve mechanism of the respiratory vibration generator is driven. The respective apertures 18a, 18b of, for example, a first valve disk part 18 communicate with the respective negative pressure ports P1, P5, opened to the atm., on the blower side and patient side of a case body 2 when the valve body 3 rotates to the prescribed position. The respective apertures 20a, 20b of a third valve disk part 20 communicate with the respective pressurizing ports P3, P7 on the blower side and patient side of the case body 2. In such a case, the opening area of at least the patient side negative pressure port P6 is set larger than the opening area of the patient side pressurizing port P7. As a result, the negative pressure time in the outlet of the valve mechanism 1 is held longer than the pressurizing time in the inside.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a respiratory vibration generator for a ventilator, and more particularly to a respiratory vibration generator for a ventilator having a structure that does not burden the lungs of a patient wearing the ventilator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a breathing vibration generator installed in an artificial respirator, for example, one disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-131773 has been developed. As shown in FIG. 8, the valve mechanism incorporated in this type of respiratory vibration generator is as follows.
Rotation shaft 80 connected to the output shaft of the valve mechanism drive motor
Includes a case body 82 rotatably penetrating through bearings 81A and 81B, flange case portions 83A and 83B closing both ends of the case body 82, and an upper case portion 84 provided on the upper portion of the case body 82, Pin 8 on rotating shaft 80
5, a valve body 86 fixed via 5 and rotating integrally with the rotating shaft 80, a breathing port Pa formed in the case body 82 and connected to the breathing path of the respirator, and the upper case portion 8
4, a pressurizing port Pb and a negative pressure port Pc, which are respectively connected to the pressurizing side and the negative pressure generating side of the blower of the ventilator, and an atmosphere opening port Pd formed in the upper case portion 84. ing.

Further, the valve body 86 has a partition wall portion 86a.
And extending from the outer peripheral edge portion of the partition wall portion 86a in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 80 so as to be separated from each other, and
It is composed of a pair of valve body portions 86b and 86c having an arc shape whose phases are shifted from each other by 180 degrees in the outer peripheral direction.
Further, inside the case, a pressurizing chamber 87 which is constantly in communication with the pressurizing port Pb and a negative pressure chamber 88 which is always in communication with the negative pressure port Pc.
It is defined as In this case, the conventional valve mechanism is
The structure is such that the opening area of the pressurizing port Pb and the opening area of the negative pressure port Pc are formed in the same area.

When the valve body 86 of the valve mechanism is rotated by the valve mechanism drive motor, the pressurizing port Pb is alternately communicated with the breathing port Pa and the atmosphere opening port Pd according to the rotation of the valve body 86. The negative pressure port Pc is alternately communicated with the breathing port Pa and the atmosphere opening port Pd according to the rotation of the valve body 86. That is, the pressurization port Pb is the valve body 86.
When the breathing port Pa is closed by the valve body portion 86c, it is communicated with the atmosphere opening port Pd (see FIG. 19), and conversely, it is communicated with the breathing port Pa when the atmosphere body opening port Pd is closed by the valve body portion 86c. . On the other hand, negative pressure port Pc
Is the breathing port P due to the valve body portion 86b of the valve body 86.
When a is blocked, it is communicated with the atmosphere opening port Pd, and conversely, when the atmosphere opening port Pd is blocked by the valve body portion 86b, it is communicated with the breathing port Pa (see FIG. 19). The dashed arrows in the figure indicate the flow of air.

FIG. 9 shows the pressure waveform and flow rate waveform in each part of the ventilator when the rotation cycle of the valve mechanism is 15 [Hz], and the outlet pressure waveform of the valve mechanism is indicated by the reference numeral in the figure. The waveform becomes as shown by Wa (pressure: 300 [mmAq] to -350 [mmAq]), and the pressure waveform in the air tank that stores the clean air to be supplied to the patient becomes as shown by the symbol Wb in the figure (pressure : 18 [mmAq] to -14 [mmAq]), and the flow waveform at the entrance of the endotracheal tube connected to the lungs of the patient becomes a waveform as indicated by the symbol Wc in the figure (flow rate: 9
4 [liters / minute]).

[0006]

However, in the above-described conventional valve mechanism, when the valve mechanism of the artificial respirator is rotated at high speed (for example, the rotation cycle is 15 to 20 [Hz]), one cycle of the valve mechanism is performed. Since the ventilation time per hit is fast, the lungs of the patient cannot follow the artificial respiration vibration accompanying the high rotation of the valve mechanism, and the lungs of the patient are burdened. That is, in the conventional valve mechanism, the opening area of the pressurizing port and the opening area of the negative pressure port are formed in the same area. In other words, since the pressurizing time and the negative pressure time are the same, the valve mechanism When the patient's lungs are inflated by the air supplied from the air tank of the ventilator due to the pressurization operation of, the inflated lungs need some time to return to their original state, If the valve mechanism starts the next pressurization operation before the lungs return to their original state, the air supplied next from the air tank will accumulate inside the lungs, increasing the internal pressure of the lungs and burdening the patient. There was a problem that became.

[0007]

It is an object of the present invention to improve the inconveniences of the above-mentioned conventional examples, and in particular, to prevent the internal pressure of the lungs of a patient from rising even when the valve mechanism is rotated at a high speed, thereby burdening the lungs of the patient. It is an object of the present invention to provide a respiratory vibration generator for an artificial respirator, which is designed so as not to apply pressure.

[0008]

According to the present invention of claim 1, a pressure generating mechanism having a pressurizing port and a negative pressure generating port, and an artificial respiration path connected to the pressure generating mechanism and the lungs of a patient are provided. A valve mechanism that is provided between the valve mechanism and the motor for driving the valve mechanism, the valve mechanism alternately communicating the pressurizing port and the negative pressure generating port with the artificial respiration path; In a respiratory vibration generator for a ventilator, which comprises a cylindrical valve body rotatably housed inside a case body via a rotary shaft, the case body has a pressure connected to the pressure generating mechanism. A pressure generating port on the generation side and a negative pressure port on the pressure generating side, and a pressure port on the patient side and a negative pressure port on the patient side connected to the artificial respiration path are provided, and the valve body is configured to generate the pressure. Side pressurization port and And a negative pressure chamber communicable with the negative pressure port on the pressure generating side and the negative pressure port on the patient side, and at least the negative pressure chamber of the patient. The opening area of the port is set to be larger than the opening area of the pressurizing port on the patient side. This aims to achieve the above-mentioned object.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the pressurizing port on the pressure generating side and the pressurizing port on the patient side are arranged at symmetrical positions with the axis line of the rotary shaft interposed therebetween, and the pressurizing port on the pressure generating side is disposed. The negative pressure port and the negative pressure port on the side of the patient are arranged at symmetrical positions with the axis of the rotating shaft interposed therebetween.

[0010]

According to the present invention of claim 1, as the valve body of the valve mechanism rotates, the pressurizing port on the pressure generating side and the pressurizing port on the patient side of the case main body pass through the pressurizing chamber of the valve main body. Generated by the pressure generation mechanism as a result of the state in which the negative pressure port on the pressure generation side of the case body and the negative pressure port on the patient side communicated with each other through the negative pressure chamber of the valve body are repeated alternately. Respiratory vibrations associated with the applied and negative pressures are transmitted to the artificial respiration path connected between the valve mechanism and the patient's lungs. In this case, at least the opening area of the negative pressure port on the patient side is set larger than the opening area of the pressurizing port on the patient side, so that the negative pressure time in the valve mechanism becomes longer than the pressurization time. As a result, the time for pushing the air accumulated in the lungs of the patient to the outside of the lungs becomes longer, and the increase in the internal pressure of the lungs of the patient is suppressed.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, as the valve body of the valve mechanism rotates, the pressurizing port on the pressure generating side and the pressurizing port on the patient side of the case body interpose the pressurizing chamber of the valve body. Generated by the pressure generation mechanism as a result of the state in which the negative pressure port on the pressure generation side of the case body and the negative pressure port on the patient side communicated with each other through the negative pressure chamber of the valve body are repeated alternately. Respiratory vibrations associated with the applied and negative pressures are transmitted to the artificial respiration path connected between the valve mechanism and the patient's lungs. In this case, the pressurizing port on the pressure generating side and the pressurizing port on the patient side are arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis of the rotary shaft of the valve mechanism, and the negative pressure port on the pressure generating side and the negative pressure port on the patient side are valved. Since they are arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis of the rotating shaft of the mechanism, there is a flow path from the pressurizing port on the pressure generating side through the pressurizing chamber to the pressurizing port on the patient side, and the negative pressure port on the patient side. To the negative pressure port on the pressure generation side through the negative pressure chamber, the flow paths each have a linear shape, and the flow path resistance decreases. As a result, the increase in the internal pressure of the patient's lungs is suppressed while the positive / negative change of the pressure waveform on the patient side of the valve mechanism is kept smooth.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment to which the respiratory vibration generator for a ventilator of the present invention is applied will be described below with reference to the drawings.

First, the overall structure of the artificial respirator including the respiratory vibration generator of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 4. The respiratory path 50A of the artificial respirator includes a common circuit 51, an inspiratory circuit 52, and an expiratory circuit. And a common circuit 51
One end side of the (tracheal tube) is connected to the trachea of the patient, and the other end side of the common circuit 51 is connected to the inspiratory circuit 52, the expiratory circuit 53, and the vibrating circuit 61, respectively. The intake circuit 52 is connected to an air tank 54 that stores clean air to be supplied to the patient, and a flow meter 55 and a humidifier 56 are connected in the middle of the intake circuit 52. Exhalation circuit 53
Communicates with the atmosphere via an electromagnetic air release adjustment valve 57 /
It is supposed to be shut off.

A respiratory vibration generator 50B is connected to the respiratory path 50A via a vibration circuit 61. The respiratory vibration generator 50B includes a blower 58, which is a pressure generating source,
A blower motor 59 for driving the blower 58, a rotary valve mechanism 1 (see FIG. 1), and a valve mechanism motor for rotationally driving the valve mechanism 1 via a rotary shaft 4 of the valve mechanism 1 and a motor output shaft. And 60. The blower 58 is a pressurizing port 58 that generates pressurizing force.
It is provided with a (discharge port) and a negative pressure generating port 58b (suction port) for generating negative pressure. As the valve mechanism motor 60 drives the valve mechanism 1, the valve mechanism 1 alternately supplies the oscillating circuit 61 with the pressurizing pressure generated at the pressurizing pressure generating port 58a and the negative pressure generating at the negative pressure generating port 58b of the blower 58. It has become.

The vibrating circuit 61 is connected to the common circuit 51, the inspiratory circuit 52, and the expiratory circuit 53 of the breathing path 50A, whereby the lung H of the patient is forced at a breathing rate corresponding to the frequency in the vibrating circuit 61. To breathe. In the middle of the vibration circuit 61, an amplitude control mechanism 62 that adjusts the degree of amplitude of respiratory vibration (pressure vibration) supplied from the respiratory vibration generator 50B to the respiratory path 50A.
And the air and respiratory vibration generator 5 in the respiratory path 50A
An infection blocking mechanism 63 having a diaphragm (not shown) that prevents direct contact with air at 0B is connected.

A flow rate sensor 65 for detecting the actual breathing volume of the patient is installed in the middle of the common circuit 51.
The rotation shaft of the blower motor 59 is equipped with a rotation speed sensor 66 for detecting the rotation speed of the blower motor 59.
The valve mechanism motor 60 is equipped with a rotation speed sensor 67 that detects the rotation speed of the valve mechanism motor 60. The control unit 64, based on the detection signals output from the flow rate sensor 65, the rotation speed sensor 66, and the rotation speed sensor 67, the blower motor 59, the valve mechanism motor 60, the atmosphere opening adjustment valve 57, the amplitude control mechanism. 62 and the like are controlled to be driven.

Further, a breathing rate setting switch 68 for setting a breathing rate to be supplied to the breathing path 50A, and a degree of average pressure of high frequency vibrations to be fed to the breathing path 50A are set in an operation section attached to the ventilator. Pressure setting switch 6
9 and a respiratory volume setting switch 70 for setting the respiratory volume to the patient. The control unit 64 controls the blower motor 59, the valve mechanism motor 60, the atmosphere opening adjustment valve 57, and the amplitude control based on the setting signals output from the breathing rate setting switch 68, the pressure setting switch 69, and the breathing capacity setting switch 70. The mechanism 62 and the like are drive-controlled. Reference numeral 71 in the figure indicates an alarm device.

The valve mechanism 1 is a pressurizing port 5 of the blower 58.
8a and the pressure vibration based on the negative pressure generated at the negative pressure generating port 58b are alternately supplied to the vibration circuit 61, and the control unit 64 controls the atmosphere opening control valve according to the inspiratory operation / expiratory operation of the patient. In order to control the valve 57 to be closed / opened, when a patient wearing a ventilator performs an inspiration operation, the air tank 5
The clean air in 4 is sent to the patient's lungs, while the patient's breathing operation causes the air discharged from the patient's lungs to be released to the atmosphere via the atmosphere opening adjustment valve 57. .

Next, the structure of the valve mechanism 1 of the respiratory vibration generator according to this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. The valve mechanism 1 includes a case body 2 having a rectangular parallelepiped shape and an inside of the case body 2. A cylindrical valve main body 3 rotatably accommodated, a rotary shaft 4 rotatably arranged in the center of the case main body 2, and a longitudinal end of the case main body 2 fixed by a screw S. A case side plate 5, a rectangular parallelepiped inlet port member 6 fixed to one end surface of the case body 2 in the width direction, and a funnel-shaped outlet port member 7 fixed to the other end surface of the case body 2 in the width direction. It is composed.

More specifically, the inside of the case body 2 of the valve mechanism 1 has an inner diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the valve body 3 and an axial dimension slightly larger than the axial dimension of the valve body 3. It is configured as a space portion 2a having,
In the space 2a, the rotary shaft 4 is arranged in a penetrating state along the axial centerline. Both ends of the rotary shaft 4 are rotatably supported by the case body 2 and the case side plate 5 via bearings 8 and 9, respectively.

As shown in FIG. 3, on the end surface of the case main body 2 on the side where the inlet port member 6 is fixed, as shown in FIG. The side negative pressure port P2, the blower side pressurizing port P3, and the blower side pressurizing atmosphere opening port P4 are arranged, and each of the ports P1 to P4 is cut out in a rectangular shape. Ports P1 to P4 have the same vertical dimension in FIG. 3, and ports P1 and P3 have the same horizontal dimension in FIG.
P4 is set to have the same horizontal dimension in FIG.

Further, the horizontal dimension of the blower-side negative pressure port P2 and the blower-side pressurized atmosphere opening port P4 in FIG. 3 is the horizontal direction of the blower-side negative pressure atmosphere opening port P1 and the blower-side pressurized port P3 in FIG. It is set to 3 times the size. As a result, the opening area of the blower side negative pressure port P2 is set to three times the opening area of the blower side pressurizing port P3. In this case, in the present embodiment, the opening area of the blower side negative pressure port P2 is set to be three times the opening area of the blower side pressurizing port P3, but the ratio of the opening area is not limited to this value. .

As shown in FIG. 2, on the end surface of the case body 2 on the side where the outlet port member 7 is fixed, as shown in FIG. Negative pressure port P6, patient side pressurization port P
7. The patient side pressurized air release port P8 is arranged.
Ports P5 and P8 are notched in a circular shape, and ports P6 and P8
7 is cut out in a rectangular shape. The ports P6 and P7 are set to have the same vertical dimension in FIG.

Further, the horizontal dimension of the patient-side negative pressure port P6 in FIG. 2 is set to be three times the horizontal dimension of the patient-side pressure port P7 in FIG. This allows
The opening area of the patient side negative pressure port P6 is set to 3 times the opening area of the patient side pressurization port P7. In this case, in this embodiment, the opening area of the patient-side negative pressure port P6 is set to three times the opening area of the patient-side pressurizing port P7, but the ratio of the opening area is not limited to this value. .

The opening areas of the blower side negative pressure port P2 and the patient side negative pressure port P6 are set to the same area, and the opening areas of the blower side negative pressure port P2 and the patient side pressurizing port P7 are set to the same area. It is set. Furthermore, the sum of the opening areas of the blower side negative pressure atmosphere opening port P1 and the blower side negative pressure port P2 is the same as the sum of the opening areas of the blower side pressurizing port P3 and the blower side pressurizing atmosphere opening port P4. The area is set.

That is, in the valve mechanism 1 in this embodiment, the opening area of the blower side negative pressure port P2 is set to be larger than the opening area of the blower side pressurizing port P3, and the patient side negative pressure port P6 is formed. The feature is that the opening area is set to be larger than the opening area of the patient side pressurization port P7. With this structure, the valve mechanism 1
The negative pressure time at the outlet is made longer than the pressurization time inside the valve mechanism 1, and the time for pushing the air accumulated in the lungs of the patient to the outside of the lungs is increased, whereby the internal pressure of the lungs of the patient rises. Is controlled so that the lungs of the patient are not burdened.

In this case, the patient side negative pressure atmosphere opening port P5 and the patient side pressurizing atmosphere opening port P8 of the valve mechanism 1 are provided with a silencer (for example, from a filter shape) for canceling operating noise when the valve mechanism 1 is operated. The member) is attached.

Inside the inlet port member 6, one end communicates with the blower side negative pressure atmosphere opening port P1 and the blower side negative pressure port P2, and the other end generates a negative pressure of the blower 58 through the pipe 10. A funnel-shaped negative pressure passage 6a communicating with the opening 58b is formed, and one end of the negative pressure passage 6a is provided on the blower side.
3 and the blower side pressurizing atmosphere opening port P4, and the other end is connected via the pipe 11 to the pressurizing port 58 of the blower 58.
A funnel-shaped pressurizing passage 6b communicating with a is formed.

On the other hand, inside the outlet port member 7, one end communicates with the patient side negative pressure port P6 and the patient side pressurization port P7, and the other end communicates with the pipe 22, the vibration circuit 61, and the common circuit 5.
A funnel-shaped negative pressure / pressurization passage 7a communicating with the lungs of the patient via 1 or the like is formed.

Further, the inside of the cylindrical valve body 3 is divided into a negative pressure chamber portion and a pressure chamber portion by a partition wall portion 3a formed in a central portion in the axial direction thereof so as to be orthogonal to the rotary shaft 4. Further, the negative pressure chamber portion is divided into a first negative pressure chamber 13 and a second negative pressure chamber 14 by the partition plate 12, and
The pressure chamber portion is divided into the first pressure chamber 16 and the second pressure chamber by the partition plate 15.
It is divided into a pressurizing chamber 17. The second negative pressure chamber 14 is the first
The second pressure chamber 17 is formed as a space approximately three times as large as the negative pressure chamber 13, and the second pressure chamber 17 is formed as a space approximately three times as large as the first pressure chamber 16.

The portion of the valve body 3 corresponding to the first negative pressure chamber 13 is configured as a first valve body portion 18, and the portion of the valve body 3 corresponding to the second negative pressure chamber 1 is formed in the second valve body portion 1.
9, a portion of the valve body 3 corresponding to the first pressurizing chamber is configured as a third valve body portion 20, and a portion of the valve body 3 corresponding to the second pressurizing chamber is configured as a fourth valve body portion 21. It is configured.

The first valve body portion 18 is formed with rectangular openings 18a and 18b having the same shape whose phases are shifted by 180 degrees in the outer peripheral direction of the valve body 3, and the second valve body portion 19 is Rectangular openings 19a and 19b having the same shape with a phase shifted by 180 degrees in the outer peripheral direction of the valve body 3 are formed, and the third valve body portion 20 has a phase shifted by 180 degrees in the outer peripheral direction of the valve body 3. Rectangular opening 2 having the same shape
0a, 20b are formed, and the fourth valve body portion 21 is formed with rectangular opening portions 21a, 21b having the same shape with a phase difference of 180 degrees in the outer peripheral direction of the valve body 3.

Furthermore, the openings 18a, 1 of the first valve body 18
8b and the openings 19a and 19b of the second valve body portion 19 are set in a state in which the phase is shifted by 90 degrees in the outer peripheral direction of the valve body 3, and the openings 19a and 19b of the second valve body portion 19 and the third portion The openings 20a and 20b of the valve body portion 20 are set to have a phase difference of 90 degrees in the outer peripheral direction of the valve body 3, and the openings 20a and 20b of the third valve body portion 20 and the fourth valve body portion 21 are arranged. The openings 21a and 21b are set to have a phase difference of 90 degrees in the outer peripheral direction of the valve body 3.

That is, the openings 18a, 1 of the first valve body 18
8b and the openings 20a and 20b of the third valve body portion 20 are arranged so as to have the same phase relationship, and the openings 19a and 19b of the second valve body portion 19 and the opening portion 21a of the fourth valve body portion 21 are arranged. , 21
They are arranged in the same phase relationship with b. In other words, the openings 18a and 18b of the first valve body 18, the openings 19a and 19b of the second valve body 19, the openings 20a and 20b of the third valve body 20, and the fourth valve body 21 are formed. Opening 21a,
21b are alternately arranged with a phase difference of 90 degrees.

In this case, the blower side negative pressure port P2, the second
The flow path formed by the negative pressure chamber 14 and the patient-side negative pressure port P6 is linear, and the flow path formed by the blower-side pressurization port P3, the first pressurization chamber 16, and the patient-side pressurization port P7. By making the structure linear, the flow path resistance inside the valve mechanism 1 is reduced, and the pressure waveform on the outlet side (patient side) of the valve mechanism 1 is changed into a waveform with a smooth positive and negative change (a sinusoidal wave). It is designed to keep a close waveform).

In response to the rotation of the valve body 3, the openings 18a and 18b of the first valve body portion 18 are in communication with the blower side negative pressure atmosphere opening port P1 and the patient side negative pressure atmosphere opening port P5, and the second The openings 19a and 19b of the valve body portion 19 are in communication with the blower side negative pressure port P2 and the patient side negative pressure port P6, and the openings 20a and 20b of the third valve body portion 20 are
The blower side pressurization port P3 and the patient side pressurization port P7 are in communication with each other, and the openings 21a and 21b of the fourth valve body 21 are opened.
Is in communication with the blower side pressurized atmosphere opening port P4 and the patient side pressurized atmosphere opening port P8.

For example, when the valve body 3 of the valve mechanism 1 is rotated to the position shown in FIG. 1, the openings 18a and 18b of the first valve body portion 18 have the blower side negative pressure atmosphere opening port P1.
Since each of them communicates with the patient-side negative pressure atmosphere opening port P5, the air flows from the patient-side negative pressure atmosphere opening port P5 through the first negative pressure chamber 13 to the blower side negative pressure atmosphere opening port P1.
Since the plate surface portion (non-opening portion) of the valve body portion 19 closes the blower side negative pressure port P2 and the patient side negative pressure port P6, respectively.
The air flow from the patient side negative pressure port P6 to the blower side negative pressure port P2 is blocked.

At this time, the opening 20 of the third valve body 20
Since a and 20b communicate with the blower side pressurization port P3 and the patient side pressurization port P7, respectively, air flows from the blower side pressurization port P3 through the first pressurization chamber 16 to the patient side pressurization port P7, Since the plate surface portion (non-opening portion) of the fourth valve body portion 21 respectively closes the blower side pressurized atmosphere opening port P4 and the patient side pressurized atmosphere opening port P8, the blower side pressurized atmosphere opening port P4 to the patient side The flow of air to the pressurized atmosphere opening port P8 is cut off.

On the other hand, the valve body 3 of the valve mechanism 1 is shown in FIG.
When rotated by 90 degrees from the position shown in FIG. 3, the plate surface portion (non-opening portion) of the first valve body portion 18 closes the blower side negative pressure atmosphere opening port P1 and the patient side negative pressure atmosphere opening port P5, respectively. The flow of air from the side negative pressure atmosphere opening port P5 to the blower side negative pressure atmosphere opening port P1 is blocked, and the openings 19a and 19b of the second valve body portion 19 are closed by the blower side negative pressure port P.
2. Since it communicates with the patient side negative pressure port P6, the air flows from the patient side negative pressure port P6 through the second negative pressure chamber 14 to the blower side negative pressure port P2.

At this time, since the plate surface portion (non-opening portion) of the third valve body portion 20 closes the blower side pressurizing port P3 and the patient side pressurizing port P7, respectively, the blower side pressurizing port P
The flow of air from 3 to the patient side pressurization port P7 is blocked, and the openings 21a and 21b of the fourth valve body part 21 are opened to the blower side pressurization atmospheric pressure port P4 and the patient side pressurization atmospheric pressure release port P.
Blower side pressurized atmosphere open port P
Air flows from No. 4 through the second pressurizing chamber 17 to the patient-side pressurizing atmosphere opening port P8.

That is, the blower side negative pressure atmosphere opening port P1 of the valve mechanism 1 is connected to the patient side negative pressure atmosphere opening port P5, the blower side negative pressure port P2 is connected to the patient side negative pressure port P6, and the blower side pressurizing port P3 is connected. To the patient side pressurized port P7, connect the blower side pressurized atmosphere release port P4 to the patient side pressurized atmosphere release port P
8 by alternately communicating the negative pressure generated at the negative pressure generating port 58b of the blower 58 and the positive pressure generated at the pressurizing pressure generating port 58a to the lung of the patient wearing the artificial respirator. And are alternately supplied through the common circuit 51 and the like.

Next, the operation of this embodiment constructed as described above will be described.

When the valve mechanism motor 60 is driven, the valve body 3 of the valve mechanism 1 will move to the valve mechanism motor 60.
The rotation is started via the rotary shaft 4 connected to the output shaft of the.
When the valve body 3 is rotated to the position shown in FIG. 1, the openings 18a and 18b of the first valve body portion 18 communicate with the blower side negative pressure atmosphere release port P1 and the patient side negative pressure atmosphere release port P5, respectively. From the negative pressure atmosphere opening port P5 to the first negative pressure chamber 1
Air flows through the blower-side negative pressure atmosphere opening port P1. Further, the plate surface portion of the second valve body portion 19 closes the blower side negative pressure port P2 and the patient side negative pressure port P6, respectively, so that the air flow from the patient side negative pressure port P6 to the blower side negative pressure port P2. Be cut off.

The openings 20a, 2 of the third valve body 20 are also provided.
0b is the blower side pressurization port P3, the patient side pressurization port P7
And the air flows from the blower-side pressure port P3 through the first pressure chamber 16 to the patient-side pressure port P7. Further, the plate surface portion of the fourth valve body portion 21 closes the blower-side pressurized atmosphere opening port P4 and the patient-side pressurized atmosphere opening port P8, respectively, and the patient-side pressurized atmosphere opening port P4 releases the patient-side pressurized atmosphere. The air flow to the port P8 is blocked.

On the other hand, the valve body 3 of the valve mechanism 1 is shown in FIG.
When rotated 90 degrees from the position of, the plate surface portion of the first valve body portion 18 closes the blower side negative pressure atmosphere opening port P1 and the patient side negative pressure atmosphere opening port P5 respectively, and from the patient side negative pressure atmosphere opening port P5. The flow of air to the blower side negative pressure atmosphere opening port P1 is blocked. In addition, the opening 19 of the second valve body portion 19
a and 19b communicate with the blower side negative pressure port P2 and the patient side negative pressure port P6, respectively, and air flows from the patient side negative pressure port P6 through the second negative pressure chamber 14 to the blower side negative pressure port P2.

Further, the plate surface portion of the third valve body portion 20 closes the blower side pressurization port P3 and the patient side pressurization port P7, respectively, and the blower side pressurization port P3 to the patient side pressurization port P7.
The flow of air to is cut off. Further, the openings 21a and 21b of the fourth valve body portion 21 have the blower-side pressurized atmosphere release port P.
4. The air flows from the blower-side pressurized atmosphere opening port P4 through the second pressure chamber 17 to the patient-side pressurized atmosphere opening port P8 and communicates with the patient-side pressurized atmosphere opening port P8.

With the rotation of the valve body 3 of the valve mechanism 1 described above, the blower side negative pressure atmosphere opening port P1 is moved to the patient side negative pressure atmosphere opening port P5, and the blower side negative pressure port P2 is moved to the patient side negative pressure port P6. , The blower side pressurization port P3 to the patient side pressurization port P7, the blower side pressurization atmospheric air release port P4
As a result of being alternately communicated with the patient side pressurized air release port P8, the negative pressure generated at the negative pressure generation port 58b of the blower 58 and the pressure generated at the pressure generation port 58a are equipped with the ventilator. It is alternately supplied to the lungs of the patient via the vibration circuit 61 and the common circuit 51.

By the way, the valve mechanism 1 in this embodiment
Then, the opening area of the blower side negative pressure port P2 is set to be larger than the opening area of the blower side pressurizing port P3, and the opening area of the patient side negative pressure port P6 is set to be larger than the opening area of the patient side pressurizing port P7. Therefore, the negative pressure time at the outlet of the valve mechanism 1 becomes longer than the pressurization time inside the valve mechanism 1. Along with this, the time for pushing the air accumulated in the lungs of the patient to the outside of the lungs becomes longer, and thus the increase in the internal pressure of the lungs of the patient is suppressed. Therefore, the lungs of the patient can be prevented from being burdened.

Here, FIG. 5 shows the flow rate waveform W1 at the inlet of the endotracheal tube (common circuit 51) when the rotation cycle of the valve mechanism 1 is 15 Hz, which was obtained by an experiment by the present applicant.
(Flow rate: 94 [liters / minute]) and valve mechanism 1
Outlet pressure waveform W2 (pressure: 250 [mmAq] to -3
50 [mmAq]), and it was found that the negative pressure time T2 is longer than the pressurization time T1.

Further, FIG. 6 shows the flow rate waveform W3 at the inlet of the endotracheal tube (common circuit 51) in the case where the rotation cycle of the valve mechanism 1 is 24 Hz, which was obtained by an experiment by the present applicant.
(Flow rate: 76 [liter / min]), and valve mechanism 1
Outlet pressure waveform W4 (pressure: 250 [mmAq] to -3
00 [mmAq]), and it was found that the negative pressure time T4 is longer than the pressurization time T3.

Further, FIG. 7 shows an outlet pressure waveform W5 (pressure: 250 [mm] obtained by an experiment by the present applicant when the rotation frequency of the valve mechanism 1 is 15 Hz.
Aq] to -300 [mmAq]), pressure waveform W6 (pressure: 10 [mmAq] to -8 [mmA] in the air tank 54.
q]) and the flow rate waveform W7 (flow rate: 92 [liter / min]) at the inlet of the endotracheal tube (common circuit 51), and the ratio “T” of the outlet pressure waveform W5 of the valve mechanism 1 is shown.
6 / T5 "and the ratio" T8 / T7 "of the pressure waveform W6 in the air tank 54 are found to be the same. That is,
Considering the pressure in the air tank 54 as the internal pressure of the lungs of the patient,
It can be seen that the internal pressure of the patient's lungs does not rise. Reference symbol T in the figure
The time indicated by 9 indicates a delay corresponding to the time constant due to the influence of the R, L, and C components of the endotracheal tube and the air tank 54.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the opening area of the blower side negative pressure port P2 is set to the blower side pressurization port P.
The opening area of the patient side negative pressure port P6 is set to be larger than the opening area of the patient side pressurizing port P7, so that the negative pressure time at the outlet of the valve mechanism 1 is set inside the valve mechanism 1. As a result of being longer than the pressurization time, it is possible to increase the time for pushing the air accumulated in the lungs of the patient to the outside of the lungs. This allows
Since the increase in the internal pressure of the lungs of the patient can be suppressed, there is an advantage that the lungs of the patient are not burdened.

Further, according to the present embodiment, the flow passage formed by the blower side negative pressure port P2, the second negative pressure chamber 14, and the patient side negative pressure port P6 is formed in a straight line, and the blower side pressurizing port is provided. Since the flow path formed by P3, the first pressurizing chamber 16 and the patient side pressurizing port P7 is linearly configured, the flow path resistance inside the valve mechanism 1 is reduced and the air flow is made smooth. As a result, while suppressing the pressure waveform on the outlet side (patient side) of the valve mechanism 1 so that its positive and negative changes are smooth (a waveform close to a sine wave), an increase in the internal pressure of the lungs of the patient is suppressed. can do.

Here, in the above embodiment, the opening area of the blower side negative pressure port P2 is set to be larger than the opening area of the blower side pressurizing port P3, and the patient side negative pressure port P6.
The opening area of the patient-side pressurizing port P7 is set to be larger than that of the patient-side pressurizing port P7. However, the opening area of the patient-side pressurizing port P6 is not limited to this. You may set it larger than. In this case as well, the same effect as that of the above-mentioned embodiment can be obtained.

[0055]

As described above, according to the respiratory vibration generator for a ventilator of the present invention of claim 1, at least the opening area of the negative pressure port on the patient side is equal to the opening area of the pressure port on the patient side. Since the structure is set larger than this, the negative pressure time at the outlet of the valve mechanism (the artificial ventilation path side connected to the patient's lungs) becomes longer than the pressurization time inside the valve mechanism. It is possible to prolong the time for pushing the accumulated air to the outside of the lungs, thereby suppressing an increase in the internal pressure of the lungs of the patient, and thus exerting an effect that the burden on the lungs of the patient is eliminated.

According to the respiratory vibration generator for a ventilator of the second aspect of the present invention, the pressurizing port on the pressure generating side and the pressurizing port on the patient side are arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis of the rotary shaft of the valve mechanism. In addition, since the negative pressure port on the pressure generation side and the negative pressure port on the patient side are arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis of the rotary shaft of the valve mechanism, the pressure generation side pressurization port passes through the pressurization chamber. Flow path to the patient side pressurization port,
Also, the flow path from the patient-side negative pressure port through the negative pressure chamber to the pressure generation-side negative pressure port has a linear shape, so that the flow path resistance is reduced and the air flow in each flow path can be made smooth. As a result, the pressure waveform at the outlet of the valve mechanism (on the side of the artificial respiration path connected to the patient's lungs) can be maintained while the positive and negative changes are kept smooth.
Similar to the invention described above, it is possible to suppress an increase in the internal pressure of the lungs of a patient.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an internal structure of a valve mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a state of the case main body from which the outlet port member shown in FIG. 1 is removed, as viewed from above in FIG.

3 is an explanatory view showing a state of the case main body from which the inlet port member shown in FIG. 1 is removed, as viewed from the lower side of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an overall configuration of a ventilator in this embodiment.

FIG. 5 shows a rotation cycle of the valve mechanism of 15 in the present embodiment.
It is explanatory drawing which shows the flow rate waveform of the endotracheal tube inlet in case of Hz, and the outlet pressure waveform of a valve mechanism.

FIG. 6 shows a valve mechanism rotation cycle of 24H in the present embodiment.
It is explanatory drawing which shows the flow volume waveform of the endotracheal tube inlet in case of z, and the outlet pressure waveform of a valve mechanism.

FIG. 7 shows a rotation cycle of the valve mechanism of 15 in the present embodiment.
It is explanatory drawing which shows the valve mechanism outlet pressure waveform in the case of Hz, the pressure waveform in an air tank, and the flow volume waveform of the endotracheal tube inlet.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing an internal structure of a valve mechanism in a conventional example.

FIG. 9: The rotation cycle of the valve mechanism in the conventional example is 15H.
It is explanatory drawing which shows the valve mechanism outlet pressure waveform in the case of z, the pressure waveform in an air tank, and the flow volume waveform of the endotracheal tube inlet.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Valve mechanism 2 Case main body 3 Valve main body 4 Rotating shaft 14 Second negative pressure chamber as negative pressure chamber 16 First pressure chamber 50A as a pressure chamber 50A Breathing path as an artificial respiration path 58 Blower 60 as a pressure generation mechanism Motor for valve mechanism as motor P2, P6 Negative pressure port P3, P7 Pressurization port

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A pressure generating mechanism having a pressurizing port and a negative pressure generating port, and an artificial respiration path connected to the pressure generating mechanism and the lungs of a patient. A valve mechanism that alternately communicates the pressure generating port with the artificial respiration path and a motor that drives the valve mechanism are provided, and the valve mechanism is rotatable inside the case body and a rotation shaft inside the case body. A respiratory vibration generator for a ventilator, comprising: a cylindrical valve main body housed in a housing, the case main body being connected to the pressure generating mechanism; A pressure port, a patient-side pressurizing port connected to the artificial respiration path, and a patient-side negative pressure port, and the valve body is configured such that the pressure generating side pressurizing port and the patient-side pressurizing port are provided. Pressurization that can communicate with And a negative pressure chamber capable of communicating with the negative pressure port on the pressure generating side and the negative pressure port on the patient side, and at least the opening area of the negative pressure port on the patient side is equal to the pressure applied on the patient side. A respiratory vibration generator for a ventilator, characterized by being set to be larger than the opening area of the port. 2. The pressure generating side pressurizing port and the patient side pressurizing port are arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis of the rotary shaft, and the pressure generating side negative pressure port and the patient. 2. The respiratory vibration generator for a respirator according to claim 1, wherein the negative pressure port on the side is arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis of the rotary shaft.