JPH07261028A - Light converging device - Google Patents
Light converging deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07261028A JPH07261028A JP6056120A JP5612094A JPH07261028A JP H07261028 A JPH07261028 A JP H07261028A JP 6056120 A JP6056120 A JP 6056120A JP 5612094 A JP5612094 A JP 5612094A JP H07261028 A JPH07261028 A JP H07261028A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- light
- main body
- optical
- end surface
- face
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Light Guides In General And Applications Therefor (AREA)
- Optical Communication System (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、空間での光を伝送媒体
とする情報通信の分野で用いられる集光装置に関するも
のである。また、光センサ等の光学レンズ系としても適
用できる集光装置に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a light collecting device used in the field of information communication using light in space as a transmission medium. The present invention also relates to a light condensing device that can be applied as an optical lens system such as an optical sensor.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、このような分野の技術としては、
例えば、以下に示すようなものがあった。図１１はかか
る従来の光空間通信における光受信機の系の構成例図で
あり、図１１（ａ）は半導体受光素子の受光面にレンズ
を用いないで直接的に受信光を当てる光受信機の系の構
成図、図１１（ｂ）は半導体受光素子の受光面の前に集
光用の通常のレンズを設けた光受信機の系の構成図、図
１１（ｃ）はレンズの受光面積が大きく且つ焦点距離を
短くする場合の光受信機の系の構成図である。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a technique in such a field,
For example, there were the following. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a system of an optical receiver in such a conventional optical space communication, and FIG. 11 (a) is an optical receiver which directly applies received light to a light receiving surface of a semiconductor light receiving element without using a lens. 11B is a block diagram of the system of an optical receiver in which an ordinary lens for condensing light is provided in front of the light receiving surface of the semiconductor light receiving element, and FIG. 11C is a light receiving area of the lens. FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a system of an optical receiver in the case where is large and the focal length is short.
【０００３】まず、図１１（ａ）の場合は、受信機とし
ての受光面積は、半導体受光素子１の受光面２の面積そ
のままであり、半導体受光素子１に入射される光量が少
なく、交信可能な光伝送距離は近距離に制限される。ま
た、遠距離での光空間通信を実現するには、レンズ等を
用いてより広い面積からの光を効率良く集光し、半導体
受光素子の受光面に当てる必要がある。First, in the case of FIG. 11 (a), the light receiving area as a receiver is the same as the area of the light receiving surface 2 of the semiconductor light receiving element 1, the amount of light incident on the semiconductor light receiving element 1 is small, and communication is possible. Optical transmission distances are limited to short distances. Further, in order to realize optical space communication over a long distance, it is necessary to efficiently collect light from a wider area using a lens or the like and apply the light to the light receiving surface of the semiconductor light receiving element.
【０００４】そこで、図１１（ｂ）の場合は、半導体受
光素子１の受光面２の前に単レンズ３を設けた例であ
る。光を高効率に集光して遠距離での光伝送を可能とす
るには、単レンズ３の受光面積を大きくする必要がある
が、単レンズ３の焦点距離が長くなり、これにしたがっ
て視野角範囲は狭くなってしまう。従来の送信機側、受
信機側共に位置固定の光空間通信では、視野角が狭いこ
とはあまり問題とならないが、自動車等の移動体を対象
とした光空間通信方式では、通信対象の相対位置が変動
する関係上、用いる光学レンズ系には比較的広い視野角
範囲が必要とされる。Therefore, the case of FIG. 11B is an example in which the single lens 3 is provided in front of the light receiving surface 2 of the semiconductor light receiving element 1. In order to collect light with high efficiency and enable light transmission at a long distance, it is necessary to increase the light receiving area of the single lens 3, but the focal length of the single lens 3 becomes long, and accordingly the field of view increases. The angular range becomes narrow. In conventional optical space communication where the transmitter and receiver are both fixed in position, the narrow viewing angle does not pose a problem, but in the optical space communication method that targets mobiles such as automobiles, the relative position of the communication target , The optical lens system used requires a relatively wide viewing angle range.
【０００５】そこで、レンズの受光面積を大きくし、且
つ焦点距離を短くするには、図１１（ｃ）に示すよう
に、レンズ４は多群多枚数構成が必要となる。したがっ
て、大きさ、重量共に大きくなり、且つ高コストとなっ
てしまう。Therefore, in order to increase the light receiving area of the lens and shorten the focal length, the lens 4 needs to have a multi-group / multi-lens structure as shown in FIG. 11 (c). Therefore, the size and weight increase, and the cost increases.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記したように、以上
述べた従来の自動車等の移動体を対象とした光空間通信
方式では、通信対象となる移動体と移動体あるいは移動
体と固定局の相対位置が変動する関係上、固定通信の場
合と比較して、比較的広い視野角範囲の受信機指向性が
必要とされる。同時に、不必要な外来雑音光を阻止し
て、高い通信品質を確保するためには、有限の指向角範
囲内の受信に制限する必要がある。As described above, in the above-described conventional optical space communication system for moving bodies such as automobiles, the moving body and the moving body or the moving body and the fixed station to be communicated are Since the relative position varies, the receiver directivity in a relatively wide viewing angle range is required as compared with the case of fixed communication. At the same time, in order to prevent unnecessary external noise light and ensure high communication quality, it is necessary to limit reception to within a limited directional angle range.
【０００７】また、上記のような光空間通信方式では、
情報量が多く、速い符号伝送速度の通信が要求される関
係上、半導体受光素子の受光面は小面積でなければなら
ない。 したがって、遠距離での光空間通信を実現する
には、半導体受光素子の受光面に効率良く光を集光する
必要がある。以上のような要求を満たす光学レンズ系
は、先に述べた単レンズでは技術的に満足できるものは
得られず、係るレンズ系は多群多数枚構成を必要とし、
大きさ、重量共に大きくなり、且つ高コストになってし
まうという問題点があった。Further, in the above-mentioned optical space communication system,
The light-receiving surface of the semiconductor light-receiving element must have a small area because of the large amount of information and the demand for high-speed code transmission. Therefore, in order to realize optical space communication over a long distance, it is necessary to efficiently collect light on the light receiving surface of the semiconductor light receiving element. An optical lens system satisfying the above requirements cannot be technically satisfied with the single lens described above, and such a lens system requires a multi-group, multi-lens configuration,
There is a problem that both size and weight increase and the cost increases.
【０００８】本発明は、上記問題点を除去し、所定の視
野角範囲内からの信号光を、効率良く集光することによ
り、小型軽量で、低コストな集光装置を提供することを
目的とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to eliminate the above-mentioned problems and to provide a compact, lightweight and low-cost condensing device by efficiently condensing signal light from a predetermined viewing angle range. And
【０００９】[0009]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、上記目的を達
成するために、集光装置において、透明な角錐体を成す
本体と、この本体の両端面の内表面積の大きい入射端面
と、この本体の両端面の内表面積の小さい出射端面と、
前記本体のテーパ面に光学的ミラー反射面を設けるよう
にしたものである。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides, in a light concentrating device, a main body that forms a transparent pyramid, an entrance end face having a large inner surface area on both end faces of the main body, and An emission end face with a small inner surface area on both end faces of the main body,
An optical mirror reflecting surface is provided on the tapered surface of the main body.
【００１０】また、集光装置において、透明な円錐体を
成す本体と、この本体の両端面の内表面積の大きい入射
端面と、この本体の両端面の内表面積の小さい出射端面
と、前記本体のテーパ面に光学的ミラー反射面を設ける
ようにしたものである。Further, in the condensing device, a main body forming a transparent conical body, an incident end surface having a large inner surface area on both end surfaces of the main body, an output end surface having a small inner surface area on both end surfaces of the main body, An optical mirror reflecting surface is provided on the tapered surface.
【００１１】[0011]
【作用】本発明によれば、光学レンズ材料からなる角錐
体あるいは円錐体からなる本体のテーパ面での光学的反
射を利用して、入射端面からの入射光を、その本体の出
射端面に誘導する。また、その本体内での光路軌跡によ
る集光に加えて、その本体の入射端面の形状、テーパ角
度などを変更することにより、導光管としての集光装置
の指向特性及び受光素子との結合特性を所与の特性に設
定することができる。According to the present invention, the incident light from the incident end face is guided to the emission end face of the main body by utilizing the optical reflection at the tapered surface of the main body made of the pyramid or the cone made of the optical lens material. To do. In addition to focusing light by the optical path within the body, by changing the shape of the incident end face of the body, the taper angle, etc., the directional characteristics of the light collector as a light guide tube and the coupling with the light receiving element The property can be set to a given property.
【００１２】[0012]
【実施例】以下、本発明の実施例について図を参照しな
がら詳細に説明する。図１は本発明の第１の実施例を示
す集光装置（導光管）の斜視図である。図１に示すよう
に、透明な四角錐体の本体１１からなり、開口面（入射
端面）１２及び出射端面１３を平面とした集光装置（導
光管）１０を構成している。Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a light collecting device (light guide tube) showing a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, a light condensing device (light guide tube) 10 including a transparent main body 11 of a quadrangular pyramid and having an opening face (incident end face) 12 and an outgoing end face 13 as a plane is configured.
【００１３】この集光装置１０は光学ガラス或いは有機
光学材料で構成され、各面は光学的な鏡面に仕上げられ
ている。（これは、光学的ミラー反射面とするのではな
く、表面の凹凸をなくす処理のことである。） 特に、有機光学材料で構成する場合には、鋳型による鋳
造方法により、各面の良好な形状精度及び表面仕上げの
構造が、安価に大量生産可能である。This condensing device 10 is made of optical glass or an organic optical material, and each surface is finished as an optical mirror surface. (This is a treatment to eliminate surface irregularities, not to use an optical mirror reflecting surface.) Especially, in the case of being composed of an organic optical material, good casting of each surface can be performed by a casting method using a mold. The structure of shape accuracy and surface finish can be mass-produced at low cost.
【００１４】また、テーパ面１４は光学的ミラー反射面
をなしている。これは、アルミニウム等の金属薄膜の蒸
着法あるいは通常の鏡製作の場合の銀鏡反射法等により
製作される。図２は本発明の第２の実施例を示す集光装
置（導光管）の斜視図である。この図に示すように、透
明な四角錐体の本体２１からなり、開口面２２を水平方
向のみを曲面２２ａとした蒲鉾形となし、出射端面２３
を平面とした集光装置（導光管）２０を構成している。
テーパ面２４は光学的ミラー反射面をなしている。The tapered surface 14 is an optical mirror reflecting surface. This is manufactured by a vapor deposition method of a metal thin film such as aluminum or a silver mirror reflection method in the case of ordinary mirror manufacturing. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a light collecting device (light guide tube) showing a second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the main body 21 is made of a transparent quadrangular pyramid, and the opening surface 22 is formed into a semi-cylindrical shape having a curved surface 22a only in the horizontal direction.
To form a light collecting device (light guide tube) 20.
The tapered surface 24 forms an optical mirror reflecting surface.
【００１５】図３は本発明の第３の実施例を示す集光装
置（導光管）の斜視図である。この図に示すように、透
明な四角錐体の本体３１からなり、開口面３２を垂直方
向のみを曲面３２ａとした蒲鉾形となし、出射端面３３
を平面とした集光装置（導光管）３０を構成している。
テーパ面３４は光学的ミラー反射面をなしている。FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a condenser (light guide tube) showing a third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the main body 31 is made of a transparent quadrangular pyramid, and the opening surface 32 is formed into a semi-cylindrical shape having a curved surface 32a only in the vertical direction.
To form a light collecting device (light guide tube) 30.
The tapered surface 34 forms an optical mirror reflecting surface.
【００１６】図２又は図３の集光装置（導光管）２０，
３０は、外来雑音光の影響が考えられる水平或いは垂直
方向のいずれか一方の指向角を制限して、他の一方向に
比較的広角な指向性を持たせる場合に有効な形状であ
る。例えば、自動車等の移動体間で光空間通信を行う場
合、水平方向のみに指向角を持たせ、信号光が得られず
太陽からの外来雑音光等が考えられる垂直方向の指向角
を制限する場合に好適である。The light collecting device (light guide tube) 20 of FIG. 2 or FIG.
Reference numeral 30 is an effective shape in the case of limiting the directivity angle in either the horizontal direction or the vertical direction in which the influence of the external noise light is considered, and providing a relatively wide-angle directivity in the other direction. For example, when performing optical space communication between moving bodies such as automobiles, a directivity angle is provided only in the horizontal direction, and a vertical directivity angle in which signal light cannot be obtained and external noise light from the sun is considered is limited. Suitable in some cases.
【００１７】図４は本発明の第４の実施例を示す集光装
置（導光管）の斜視図である。この図に示すように、透
明な四角錐体の本体４１からなり、開口面４２を垂直方
向及び水平方向を曲面、つまり、球面４２ａとし、出射
端面４３を平面とした集光装置（導光管）４０を構成し
ている。テーパ面４４は光学的ミラー反射面をなしてい
る。FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a condenser (light guide tube) showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in this figure, a light condensing device (a light guide tube) which is composed of a transparent main body 41 of a quadrangular pyramid, whose opening face 42 is a curved face in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, that is, a spherical face 42a, and the emitting end face 43 is a flat face. ) 40. The tapered surface 44 is an optical mirror reflecting surface.
【００１８】この集光装置４０は、外来雑音光の影響が
考えられる水平及び垂直方向の両方の指向角を制限する
場合に好適である。図５は本発明の第５の実施例を示す
集光装置（導光管）の構成図であり、図５（ａ）はその
集光装置（導光管）の側面図、図５（ｂ）その集光装置
（導光管）の正面図である。This condensing device 40 is suitable for limiting both horizontal and vertical directional angles where the influence of external noise light is considered. FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a light collector (light guide tube) showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 5 (a) is a side view of the light collector (light guide tube), and FIG. ) It is a front view of the light condensing device (light guide tube).
【００１９】この図に示すように、透明な円錐体の本体
５１からなり、開口面５２を球面５２ａとし、出射端面
５３を平面とした集光装置（導光管）５０を構成してい
る。テーパ面５４は光学的ミラー反射面をなしている。
これは、機械加工で導光管を作製する場合、この形状は
比較的加工が容易であるという利点がある。一定方向か
らの外来雑音光が考えられず、全ての方向に同じ指向特
性に設定する場合に好適である。As shown in this figure, a light condensing device (light guide tube) 50 is constituted by a transparent conical body 51, an opening surface 52 is a spherical surface 52a, and an emission end surface 53 is a flat surface. The tapered surface 54 forms an optical mirror reflecting surface.
This has the advantage that when the light guide tube is manufactured by machining, this shape is relatively easy to process. It is suitable when the external noise light from a certain direction is not considered and the same directional characteristics are set in all directions.
【００２０】また、図１〜図４に示した透明な四角錐体
を基本とした集光装置の場合、水平方向、垂直方向の指
向特性を所定の値に設定するためには、テーパ面の夫々
水平及び垂直方向テーパ角の選定、開口面及び出射端面
の四辺形の夫々の縦横比の選定、開口面を球面にするか
蒲鉾形にするか等の選択が可能である。図６は本発明の
集光装置（導光管）の基本原理を説明するための説明
図、図７は本発明の集光装置（導光管）の構造モデルを
示す図である。Further, in the case of the light condensing device based on the transparent quadrangular pyramid shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, in order to set the directional characteristics in the horizontal and vertical directions to predetermined values, the tapered surface It is possible to select the horizontal and vertical taper angles, the aspect ratio of each of the quadrilaterals of the opening face and the emitting end face, and select whether the opening face is spherical or kamaboko-shaped. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the basic principle of the light collector (light guide tube) of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a structural model of the light collector (light guide tube) of the present invention.
【００２１】図１〜図５の実施例のテーパ面を有する集
光装置の中心軸Ａを含む水平面内において、入射光に水
平方向の中心軸Ａに対する偏角を与えた場合についての
集光装置内での光路軌跡を示したものである。図６
（ａ）の場合は、集光装置６０の本体６１の開口面６２
から入射した光は、テーパ面６４での反射無しに集光装
置６０内を通過し、出射端面６３から出射する場合であ
り、中心軸Ａに近く、且つその中心軸Ａに対する偏角が
比較的小さい入射光の場合に相当する。In a horizontal plane including the central axis A of the condensing device having the tapered surface of the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 5, the converging device in the case where the incident light is given a deviation angle with respect to the central axis A in the horizontal direction. It shows the optical path locus inside. Figure 6
In the case of (a), the opening surface 62 of the main body 61 of the light collecting device 60.
In this case, the light incident on the laser light passes through the condenser 60 without being reflected by the tapered surface 64 and is emitted from the emission end surface 63, and is close to the central axis A and has a relatively large deviation angle with respect to the central axis A. This corresponds to a small incident light.
【００２２】図６（ｂ）及び図６（ｃ）の場合は、開口
面６２から入射した光は、集光装置内で１回又は２回、
テーパ面６４で反射を経過した後に、出射端面６３から
出射される場合を示し、入射光の入射位置が中心軸から
遠い程、あるいは偏角が大きい程テーパ面６４での反射
の回数は増加する。上記した光路軌跡は、テーパ面６４
の中心軸に対する偏角をθg とすると、テーパ面による
反射を経過する毎に、集光装置内での光路の中心軸に対
する絶対値は２θg ずつ増加する。また、開口面及び出
射端面は、導光管を構成している光学材料の屈折率と大
気の屈折率との界面であり、その両端面の形状により、
集光装置内の光路とその集光装置外の入射光及び出射光
との屈折関係が定まる。In the case of FIGS. 6 (b) and 6 (c), the light incident from the opening surface 62 is once or twice in the light collecting device.
The case where the light is emitted from the emission end face 63 after passing the reflection on the taper surface 64 is shown, and the number of reflections on the taper surface 64 increases as the incident position of the incident light is farther from the central axis or the deviation angle is larger. . The optical path locus described above has a tapered surface 64.
When the deflection angle and theta g relative to the center axis of each time elapses reflection by the tapered surface, the absolute value with respect to the center axis of the optical path in the condenser is increased by 2 [Theta] g. Further, the opening surface and the emission end surface are interfaces between the refractive index of the optical material forming the light guide tube and the refractive index of the atmosphere, and depending on the shape of both end surfaces,
The refractive relationship between the optical path inside the condenser and the incident light and the emitted light outside the condenser is determined.
【００２３】図７に示すように、集光装置７０の本体７
１の中心軸Ａを含む水平面内において、開口面７２の水
平方向半幅、つまり、入射端面半径をＤa 、開口面７２
における入射光の入射位置をＤin、中心軸Ａに対する入
射光の偏角をθinとして、集光装置７０を通過するＤin
／Ｄa とθinとの関係を、図８及び図９に示す。なお、
図７において、７３は出射端面、７４はテーパ面、Ｒg
は入射端面の球面半径、θr は開口角度、θg はテーパ
角度、Ｄb は出射端面半径、θout は中心軸Ａに対する
出射光の偏角である。As shown in FIG. 7, the main body 7 of the light collecting device 70.
In the horizontal plane including the central axis A of 1, the horizontal half width of the opening surface 72, that is, the radius of the incident end surface is D a , and the opening surface 72 is
The incident position D in the incident light, the polarization angle of the incident light with respect to the central axis A as theta in the pass through the condenser 70 D in
The relationship between / D a and θ in is shown in FIGS. 8 and 9. In addition,
In FIG. 7, 73 is an emitting end surface, 74 is a tapered surface, and R g
Is the spherical radius of the incident end face, θ r is the opening angle, θ g is the taper angle, D b is the emitting end face radius, and θ out is the deviation angle of the emitted light with respect to the central axis A.
【００２４】図８（ａ）は中心軸Ａに対する入射光の偏
角θinと、入射光が出射される割合Ｐｒとの特性図であ
り、横軸にθin（度）、縦軸に入射光が出射される割合
Ｐｒを示している。図８（ｂ）は出射端面の指向特性図
であり、条件として、Ｄa ／Ｄb ＝１０．０，Ｒg ／Ｄ
a ＝３．０，θg ＝１５°の場合が示されている。図９
（ａ）は、図８（ａ）と同様であり、中心軸Ａに対する
入射光の偏角θinと入射光が出射される割合Ｐｒとの特
性図であり、横軸にθin（度）、縦軸に入射光が出射さ
れる割合Ｐｒを示している。図９（ｂ）は出射端面の指
向特性図であり、条件として、Ｄa ／Ｄb ＝１０．０，
Ｒg ／Ｄa ＝２．５，θg ＝１５°の場合が示されてい
る。FIG. 8A is a characteristic diagram of the deviation angle θ in of the incident light with respect to the central axis A and the ratio Pr at which the incident light is emitted, with the horizontal axis representing θ in (degrees) and the vertical axis representing the incidence. The ratio Pr at which light is emitted is shown. FIG. 8B is a directional characteristic diagram of the emission end face. As conditions, D a / D b = 10.0, R g / D
The case where a = 3.0 and θ g = 15 ° is shown. Figure 9
8A is the same as FIG. 8A, and is a characteristic diagram of the deviation angle θ in of the incident light with respect to the central axis A and the ratio Pr at which the incident light is emitted, and the horizontal axis represents θ in (degrees). The vertical axis shows the ratio Pr of incident light emitted. FIG. 9B is a directional characteristic diagram of the emission end face. As conditions, D a / D b = 10.0,
The case where R g / D a = 2.5 and θ g = 15 ° is shown.
【００２５】これらの図から明らかなように、本発明の
集光装置（導光管）における特徴的な集光効果を示して
いる。図１０は本発明の集光装置（導光管）について、
開口面側から見た集光装置内の光路軌跡の例を示す図で
あり、図１０（ａ）は四角錐体を基本とした場合、図１
０（ｂ）は円錐体を基本とした場合を示している。As is clear from these figures, the characteristic condensing effect in the condensing device (light guide tube) of the present invention is shown. FIG. 10 shows a light collecting device (light guide tube) of the present invention.
It is a figure which shows the example of the optical-path locus | trajectory in the condensing device seen from the aperture surface side, and when FIG.
0 (b) shows the case where a cone is basically used.
【００２６】図において、開口面の点Ｐinからの入射光
は、集光装置内で点Ｒ1 ，Ｒ2 ，…とテーパ面での反射
を経過して、出射端面の点Ｐout から出射することにな
る。この場合、図示したように、集光装置内での光路
は、回転しながら進行することになる。しかし、図６及
び図７で説明した集光特性の基本的な事項は普遍的であ
る。[0026] In Figure, the incident light from P in terms of the opening surface, the point R 1, R 2 in the condenser, after the lapse of reflection at ... and the tapered surface, emitted from the point P out of the exit end face Will be done. In this case, as shown in the figure, the optical path in the light converging device advances while rotating. However, the basic items of the light collecting characteristics described in FIGS. 6 and 7 are universal.
【００２７】なお、本発明は上記実施例に限定されるも
のではなく、本発明の趣旨に基づいて種々の変形が可能
であり、これらを本発明の範囲から排除するものではな
い。The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made based on the spirit of the present invention, and these modifications are not excluded from the scope of the present invention.
【００２８】[0028]
【発明の効果】以上、詳細に説明したように、本発明に
よれば、以下のような効果を奏することができる。 （１）高速度の符号伝送通信に使用される受信機内の受
光素子の実効的な受光面積が大きくでき、且つ移動体間
での光通信に必要な比較的広角な指向特性を持たせ得る
集光装置を、軽量小型さらに低コストで実現できる。 （２）適用形態に対応して、水平及び垂直方向の指向特
性を夫々任意の値に容易に設定できるようにしたため、
一定方向のみに極めて急峻な指向範囲の遮断特性を持た
せることも可能であり、周辺建物等からの反射を介した
光通信に有害な各種の外来雑音光を遮断して、高品質の
通信状態を確保できる利点がある。 （３）光センサに用いる場合も同様に、外来雑音光を遮
断し、必要な指向角範囲の光だけを得ることで、センサ
の誤動作を防止できる利点がある。As described in detail above, according to the present invention, the following effects can be achieved. (1) A collection that can increase the effective light-receiving area of a light-receiving element in a receiver used for high-speed code transmission communication and can have a relatively wide-angle directional characteristic required for optical communication between mobile bodies. The optical device can be realized in a lightweight, small size and at low cost. (2) Since the directional characteristics in the horizontal and vertical directions can be easily set to arbitrary values in accordance with the application mode,
It is also possible to have an extremely steep blocking range in a fixed direction only in a certain direction, and it blocks various external noise light that is harmful to optical communication via reflection from surrounding buildings, etc. There is an advantage that can be secured. (3) Similarly, when it is used for an optical sensor, it is possible to prevent erroneous operation of the sensor by blocking external noise light and obtaining only light in a necessary directivity angle range.
【図１】本発明の第１の実施例を示す集光装置（導光
管）の斜視図である。FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a light collecting device (light guide tube) showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の第２の実施例を示す集光装置（導光
管）の斜視図である。FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a light collecting device (light guide tube) showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】本発明の第３の実施例を示す集光装置（導光
管）の斜視図である。FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a light collecting device (light guide tube) showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
【図４】本発明の第４の実施例を示す集光装置（導光
管）の斜視図である。FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a light collecting device (light guide tube) showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
【図５】本発明の第５の実施例を示す集光装置（導光
管）の斜視図である。FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a light collecting device (light guide tube) showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
【図６】本発明の集光装置（導光管）の基本原理を説明
するための説明図である。FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the basic principle of the light collecting device (light guide tube) of the present invention.
【図７】本発明の集光装置（導光管）の構造モデルを示
す図である。FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a structural model of a light collecting device (light guide tube) of the present invention.
【図８】本発明の集光装置（導光管）の集光特性を示す
図（その１）である。FIG. 8 is a view (No. 1) showing the light collecting characteristics of the light collecting device (light guide tube) of the present invention.
【図９】本発明の集光装置（導光管）の集光特性を示す
図（その２）である。FIG. 9 is a view (No. 2) showing the light collecting characteristics of the light collecting device (light guide tube) of the present invention.
【図１０】本発明の集光装置（導光管）の開口面側から
見た光路軌跡の例を示す図である。FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of an optical path locus seen from the opening surface side of the light collecting device (light guide tube) of the present invention.
【図１１】従来の光空間通信における光受信機の系の構
成例図である。FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a system of an optical receiver in conventional space optical communication.
１０，２０，３０，４０，５０，６０，７０ 集光装
置（導光管） １１，２１，３１，４１，５１，６１，７１ 本体 １２，２２，３２，４２，５２，６２，７２ 開口面
（入射端面） １３，２３，３３，４３，５３，６３，７３ 出射端
面 １４，２４，３４，４４，５４，６４，７４ テーパ
面 ２２ａ，３２ａ 曲面 ４２ａ，５２ａ 球面10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70 Condensing device (light guide tube) 11, 21, 31, 41, 51, 61, 71 Main body 12, 22, 32, 42, 52, 62, 72 Opening surface (Injection end face) 13, 23, 33, 43, 53, 63, 73 Emission end face 14, 24, 34, 44, 54, 64, 74 Tapered surface 22a, 32a Curved surface 42a, 52a Spherical surface
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.6 識別記号 庁内整理番号 ＦＩ 技術表示箇所 Ｈ０４Ｂ 10/14 10/04 10/06 10/105 10/10 10/22 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. 6 Identification code Office reference number FI technical display area H04B 10/14 10/04 10/06 10/105 10/10 10/22
Claims (4)
該本体の両端面の内表面積の大きい入射端面と、（ｃ）
前記本体の両端面の内表面積の小さい出射端面と、
（ｄ）前記本体のテーパ面に光学的ミラー反射面を具備
することを特徴とする集光装置。1. (a) A main body of a transparent pyramid, and (b)
An incident end face having a large inner surface area on both end faces of the main body;
An emission end face having a small inner surface area on both end faces of the main body,
(D) A light condensing device comprising an optical mirror reflecting surface on the tapered surface of the main body.
向に曲面を形成してなる請求項１記載の集光装置。2. The light condensing device according to claim 1, wherein a curved surface is formed in a vertical direction and / or a horizontal direction of the incident end face.
該本体の両端面の内表面積の大きい入射端面と、（ｃ）
前記本体の両端面の内表面積の小さい出射端面と、
（ｄ）前記本体のテーパ面に光学的ミラー反射面を具備
することを特徴とする集光装置。3. A main body forming a transparent conical body, and (b)
An incident end face having a large inner surface area on both end faces of the main body;
An emission end face having a small inner surface area on both end faces of the main body,
(D) A light condensing device comprising an optical mirror reflecting surface on the tapered surface of the main body.
項１記載の集光装置。4. The light-collecting device according to claim 1, wherein the incident end face is formed into a spherical surface.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP05612094A JP3601845B2 (en) | 1994-03-25 | 1994-03-25 | Concentrator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP05612094A JP3601845B2 (en) | 1994-03-25 | 1994-03-25 | Concentrator |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07261028A true JPH07261028A (en) | 1995-10-13 |
| JP3601845B2 JP3601845B2 (en) | 2004-12-15 |
Family
ID=13018218
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP05612094A Expired - Fee Related JP3601845B2 (en) | 1994-03-25 | 1994-03-25 | Concentrator |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3601845B2 (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20010037798A (en) * | 1999-10-20 | 2001-05-15 | 이명일 | Light ray transmission tube using specular reflection |
| US7469089B2 (en) | 2005-09-29 | 2008-12-23 | Rohm Co., Ltd. | Light receiving apparatus |
| CN102654454A (en) * | 2011-02-24 | 2012-09-05 | 横河电机株式会社 | Infrared analysis apparatus |
| JP2014123071A (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2014-07-03 | Glory Ltd | Light uniformization coupler for spectrum sensor |
| KR20150073442A (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2015-07-01 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Head lamp apparatus for vehicle |
-
1994
- 1994-03-25 JP JP05612094A patent/JP3601845B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20010037798A (en) * | 1999-10-20 | 2001-05-15 | 이명일 | Light ray transmission tube using specular reflection |
| US7469089B2 (en) | 2005-09-29 | 2008-12-23 | Rohm Co., Ltd. | Light receiving apparatus |
| CN102654454A (en) * | 2011-02-24 | 2012-09-05 | 横河电机株式会社 | Infrared analysis apparatus |
| JP2014123071A (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2014-07-03 | Glory Ltd | Light uniformization coupler for spectrum sensor |
| KR20150073442A (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2015-07-01 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Head lamp apparatus for vehicle |
| US9423088B2 (en) | 2013-12-23 | 2016-08-23 | Hyundai Motor Company | Head lamp apparatus for vehicles |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3601845B2 (en) | 2004-12-15 |
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