JPH07260574A - Color judging device and judging method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To judge the color of an observation object sample without mistake even in the case of a surrounding brightness condition being changed at the time of performing the inspection and discrimination work of the observation object sample in a device and a method of judging the color of an optional observation object sample. CONSTITUTION:A color judging device is provided with a separating means 2 for obtaining at least three color signal components CL1-CL3 such as three primary color components from a color signal CL to be a judged object, an intensity rate computing means 3 for computing the intensity rate of one color signal component and the intensity rates of other color signal components respectively, a judgment point setting means 5 for specifying a judgment point S corresponding to each intensity rate on the specified orthogonal coordinates, a center point and reference point setting means 4 for setting an optional center point O and an optional reference point Z on the orthogonal coordinates, a phase angle setting means 6 for setting an angle, formed by judgment points S to the reference point Z around the center point O as the center, as a phase angle theta, and a color signal coordinating means 7 for coordinating the phase angle theta, set by the phase angle setting means 6, and the color name of the color signal for color judgment.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for determining the color of an arbitrary sample to be observed. In the fields of manufacturing and logistics in recent years, automation is advancing, and it tends to become mainstream to automatically inspect and identify various products and parts, their raw materials and the like.
In such inspection and identification processes, color information about colors of various products and parts becomes important information in addition to shape information.

However, a product or part which is a target of color determination for obtaining this kind of color information may be erroneous in color determination due to being dark or bright depending on the state of surrounding light sources. The present invention refers to one measure for performing an accurate color determination by preventing the influence of light and darkness due to a surrounding light source during the inspection and identification work of an observation target sample such as a product or a part. It is a thing.

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an image pickup device such as a photomultiplier or a color camera is simply used to receive reflected light or direct light obtained when a sample to be observed such as a product or a part is illuminated by a light source or the like. By doing so, the color determination of the observation target sample is performed at a position on a predetermined orthogonal coordinate such as chromaticity coordinate.

A conventional color determining apparatus of this type is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-251868 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 52-232.
No. 14 publication. In these color determination devices, after the reflected light or direct light from the sample to be observed is received by the image pickup device, it is separated into electrical signals corresponding to the three primary color components of red, blue and green. In addition, these three
The color (R, G, and B) of each intensity of one electric signal was calculated, and the calculated value of each intensity ratio was plotted on the chromaticity coordinate to determine the color of the sample to be observed.

In these conventional color determination devices, red, blue, and green can be used even if the area around the sample to be observed is bright or dark.
The precondition is that the ratio (R, G and B) of the respective intensities of the two electric signals is constant. Furthermore, JP-A-5
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-80184 discloses a configuration of a character reading device (which can be called a kind of color determination device) for extracting and reading only a character of a certain specific color from several kinds of characters of different colors. ing. In this character reading device, although measures are taken against two-dimensional noise mixed in electric signals of colors, no mention is made of how to deal with changes in ambient light and dark.

[0006]

As described above, in the conventional color determination apparatus, one observation target sample is always determined as "same color" regardless of the degree of brightness around the observation target sample. I was trying. However, in general,
The light emitted from a light source such as a lamp to the observation target sample to determine the color of the observation target sample is converted into an electric signal through a plurality of lenses or the like. With each of these lenses,
Depending on the wavelength, there are light that easily passes and light that does not pass. For this reason, the ratio of the respective intensities (R, G, and B) of the red, blue, and green electric signals depends on the darkness around the sample to be observed. Change. That is, when the surrounding brightness condition is added, the position on the chromaticity coordinate shifts, which may cause a problem of being determined as “another color”.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is possible to determine the color of an observation target sample without error even when the conditions of light and dark around the observation target sample change. An object is to provide an apparatus and a determination method.

[0008]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the principle configuration of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the color determination apparatus of the present invention uses at least 3 from the electrical color signal CL obtained by receiving the light of the color signal generation source 1 such as the reflected light from the sample to be observed or the direct light. One color signal component CL1,
It has a separating unit 2 for obtaining CL2 and CL3, and an intensity ratio calculating unit 3 for calculating the intensity ratio of one of these color signal components and the intensity ratio of the other color signal components.

Further, the color judging device of the present invention is such that the judging point setting means 5 for specifying a judging point corresponding to each intensity ratio calculated by the intensity ratio calculating means 3 on a predetermined rectangular coordinate.
And a center point / reference point setting means 4 for setting an arbitrary center point and a reference point on the Cartesian coordinates, and a phase angle for setting an angle formed by the determination point with respect to the reference point with this center point as a phase angle. The color signal output from the setting means 6, the phase angle set by the phase angle setting means 6, and the color name of the color signal CL are associated with each other to perform the color determination of the sample to be observed and output as the color determination result. The associating means 7 is provided. In this case, when the color signal CL changes in brightness, the determination point is displaced substantially along the direction defined by the phase angle.

Preferably, as the color signal component,
Three primary color components of red, blue and green are obtained by the separating means 2. Further, the intensity ratio calculating means 3 calculates the intensity ratio of one primary color component to the total intensity of these three primary color components and the intensity ratio of the other primary color components. In this case, chromaticity coordinates for displaying the intensity ratio of the two primary color components are used as the orthogonal coordinates.

Further, preferably, when the above three primary color components of red, blue and green are biased, a predetermined coefficient is added to the intensity of an arbitrary color signal component, or a method of taking each coordinate axis of rectangular coordinates is adopted. Orthogonal coordinates equivalent to the above chromaticity coordinates are used by changing Further, preferably,
By changing the coordinate position of the central point in the Cartesian coordinates and changing the sensitivity of the phase angle with respect to the deviation of the Cartesian coordinates due to the absorption and attenuation of light when the color signal CL changes in brightness, the accuracy of color determination is improved. I try to raise it.

Furthermore, the color determination apparatus as a preferred embodiment of the present invention uses a reference color signal having a variable color name and variable intensity, and calculates in advance the intensity ratio and the phase angle θ of this reference color signal to obtain the reference data. And a comparator that can refer to this reference data in color determination. Furthermore, in a color determination device as another embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned separating means 2 has three arbitrary configurations each corresponding to an intensity of an arbitrary single wavelength or an arbitrary band portion as a color signal component. It consists of a wavelength separator for separating into wavelength components, and each intensity ratio is calculated on the above-mentioned Cartesian coordinates using each value of the intensity ratio calculated for the three constituent wavelength components separated by this wavelength separator. The judgment point corresponding to is set.

Furthermore, in a color determining apparatus as another embodiment of the present invention, a two-dimensional color determination is possible by capturing the color signal CL with a two-dimensional image pickup device. FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a color determination procedure based on the principle of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, according to the color determination method of the present invention, the color signal C that is the target of the color determination of the sample to be observed.
L is separated into at least three color signal components CL1, CL2 and CL3, the intensity ratio of one (eg CL1) of the color signal components thus separated and the other color signal component (eg CL2) has an intensity ratio calculation step. Furthermore, the color determination method of the present invention is
A determination point S corresponding to each of the above-mentioned intensity ratios (both are indicated by relative values) is specified on predetermined Cartesian coordinates, and an arbitrary center point O and reference point Z are set on this Cartesian coordinate. The angle formed by the determination point S with respect to the reference point Z with O as the center is set as the phase angle θ, and the phase angle θ set in this way and the color name of the color signal CL are associated and the color There is a step of determining the color of the sample to be observed corresponding to the signal CL. Also in this case, when the color signal CL changes in brightness, the determination point S is displaced substantially along the direction defined by the phase angle θ (the direction indicated by the double arrow v).

[0014]

In the color determining apparatus and the determining method of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of color signal components such as red, blue, and Attention is paid to the point that the position (judgment point S) in the chromaticity coordinates and the like of the three green primary color components is displaced substantially linearly (changes in the direction of the double arrow v) according to the change in the surrounding light and shade. . That is, instead of determining the color of the sample to be observed by points on the chromaticity coordinates, the determination is made based on the phase angle θ corresponding to the displacement direction of the determination point S.

More specifically, the displacement direction due to the lightness and darkness of the determination point S is indicated on the coordinates of the line segment OS or the extension line of the line segment OS in the S direction, so that a substantially constant phase angle θ is grasped in advance. If the color determination is performed after that, it is possible to reduce the influence of surrounding light and dark. Thus, in the present invention,
As color information on Cartesian coordinates such as chromaticity coordinates, the displacement direction due to changes in the surrounding brightness is also incorporated, so the color of the sample to be observed can be accurately determined even if the brightness around the sample to be observed changes. It will be possible.

[0016]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. 3 and 4 are diagrams according to an embodiment based on the principle of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an embodiment based on the principle of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a color determination in FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the procedure of FIG.

Here, as the separating means 2 (FIG. 1), a color separator 20 for separating a color signal to be subjected to color determination into three primary color components of red, blue and green is provided. Further, as the intensity ratio calculation means 3 (FIG. 1), a primary color component intensity comparison calculator 30 for calculating the intensity ratio (for example, red and green) of two components in the above three primary color components is provided. Here, the red intensity ratio R is represented by a value (red / red + green + blue) of the ratio of the intensity of red to the sum of the intensities of the three primary color components. On the other hand, the green intensity ratio G is represented by the value of the ratio of green intensity to the total intensity of the three primary color components (green / red + green + blue).

Further, the central point / reference point setting means 4, the judgment point setting means 5, the phase angle setting means 6, and the color signal associating means 7 in FIG. 1 described above are realized by a CPU 40 such as a personal computer. It In this case, it is also possible to incorporate the above-mentioned primary color component intensity comparison calculator 30 in the CPU 40. Furthermore, this CPU 40 has
A storage device 70 such as a magnetic disk device is additionally provided.
The storage device 70 serves as a reference for color determination, and calculates in advance an intensity ratio and a phase angle θ of a reference color signal whose color name and intensity are variable, and stores them as reference data. Alternatively, as the storage device 70, the CP
You may use RAM or ROM incorporated in U40.

Further, in the above embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the red intensity ratio R is taken on the X axis on the chromaticity coordinate, and
By taking the green intensity ratio G on the Y axis, the color of the sample to be observed, that is, the hue set point S is determined. Further, the coordinate position (1/3, 1/3) on the chromaticity coordinate is set as the center point O. The center point O corresponds to the point where the set point S moves when the periphery of the observation target sample becomes completely dark. Furthermore, the coordinate position on the chromaticity coordinate (2/3,
1/3) is set as the reference point Z. This reference point Z
Need not be particular about the coordinate position in FIG. 3, and can be set at any position. Furthermore, the phase angle θ is
It corresponds to an angle (∠ZOS) formed by a line connecting the center point O and the reference point Z and a line connecting the center point O and the determination point S.

Further, in FIG. 3, the direction indicated by the double arrow v is the displacement direction of the judgment point S due to the change in the surrounding brightness. That is, the color of the observation target sample in consideration of the brightness of the surroundings is shown on the coordinates on the line segment OS or on the extension line of the line segment OS in the S direction. To this end, the CPU
The color finally obtained as a result of the color judgment by 40 is
The color name of the sample to be observed can be clearly associated with the substantially constant phase angle θ.

5 and 6 are views relating to another embodiment based on the principle of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration of another embodiment based on the principle of the present invention, and FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the procedure of the color determination in FIG. In addition,
From this point onward, for the same components as described above,
The same reference number will be attached. In FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, when the three primary color components of red, blue, and green in the color signal are biased, three constituent wavelength components λ corresponding to the intensity of any single wavelength or any band portion, respectively.
An example is shown in which each intensity ratio is obtained by separating into 1, λ2 and λ3.

Here, as the separating means 2 (FIG. 1), the color signal to be subjected to color judgment is divided into three constituent wavelength components λ1 and λ.
A wavelength demultiplexer 20 'for demultiplexing into 2 and λ3 is provided. Furthermore, as the intensity ratio calculation means 3 (FIG. 1),
A wavelength component intensity comparison calculator 30 'for calculating the intensity ratio (for example, λ1 and λ2) of the two components in the three constituent wavelength components λ1, λ2 and λ3 is provided. Where λ
The intensity ratio R1 of 1 is the value of the ratio of the intensity of λ1 to the total intensity of the three constituent wavelength components (λ1 / (λ1 + λ2 + λ
3)). On the other hand, the intensity ratio R of λ2
2 is represented by the value of the ratio of the intensity of λ2 to the total intensity of the three constituent wavelength components (λ2 / (λ1 + λ2 + λ3)).

Further, the center point / reference point setting means 4, the judgment point setting means 5, the phase angle setting means 6, and the color signal associating means 7 in FIG. 1 are the same as those in FIG. Is realized by the CPU 40 such as a personal computer. Further, the CPU 40 is provided with a storage device 70 as in the case of FIG. Alternatively,
R which is built in the CPU 40 as the storage device 70
You may use AM and ROM.

Further, in the above embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the intensity ratio R1 of λ1 is taken on the X axis on the chromaticity coordinates, and the intensity ratio R2 of λ2 is taken on the Y axis, so that the object to be observed can be obtained. The color of the sample, that is, the hue set point S'is determined. Furthermore, the coordinate position on the chromaticity coordinates (1/3, 1 /
3) is set as the center point O '. This center point O '
Corresponds to the point where the set point S ′ moves when the periphery of the sample to be observed becomes completely dark. Further, the coordinate position (2/3, 1/3) on the chromaticity coordinate is set as the reference point Z '. The reference point Z ′ does not need to be particular about the coordinate position in FIG. 6, and can be set at any position. Further, the phase angle θ ′ corresponds to the angle (∠Z′O ′S ′) formed by the line connecting the center point O ′ and the reference point Z ′ and the line connecting the center point O ′ and the determination point S ′.

Further, in FIG. 6, the direction indicated by the double arrow v'is the displacement direction of the judgment point S'due to the change in the surrounding brightness. In other words, the color of the sample to be observed in consideration of the light and darkness of the surroundings is on the line segment O ′S ′ or the line segment O ′.
It is shown on the coordinates on the extension line of S'to the S'direction. For this reason, the color finally obtained as a result of the color determination by the CPU 40 can be clearly associated with the color name of the observation target sample based on the substantially constant phase angle θ, as in the case of FIG. it can.

In the embodiments of FIGS. 5 and 6, when the three primary color components of red, blue and green in the color signal are biased, the three component wavelength components λ1, which are separated in consideration of the bias,
Using the respective values of the intensity ratios calculated for λ2 and λ3, the determination point corresponding to each intensity ratio is set on the orthogonal coordinates corresponding to the chromaticity coordinates. For this reason, the color determination based on the above determination points can be applied even to a minute color displacement and an invisible light region.

The case where the color signal is separated into the three constituent wavelength components for color determination has been described above.
For example, by adding an appropriate coefficient to the intensities of the color signal components of the three primary colors or changing the way of taking each coordinate axis on the chromaticity coordinate, the color determination is performed using the orthogonal coordinate equivalent to the chromaticity coordinate. It is also possible. Further, until now, the coordinate position of the center point O or O ′ in the rectangular coordinates has been unchanged, but when the coordinate position of the center point O or O ′ is changed and the brightness of the color signal CL changes. Phase angle θ with respect to Cartesian coordinate shift due to light absorption and attenuation
It is also possible to improve the accuracy of color determination by changing the sensitivity of.

FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the procedure of color determination when the displacement direction of the determination point is distorted due to light and dark. Here, only a part on the chromaticity coordinates is shown. further,
Here, color determination is performed when the displacement direction (direction indicated by the double arrow v) of the determination point S due to the surrounding light and darkness deviates, that is, when it deviates from the line segment OS or the extension line of the line segment OS in the S direction. Shows the procedure of.

As shown in FIG. 7, the color separator 20 or the wavelength separator 2 is the cause of the displacement of the determination point S.
0'and absorption and attenuation of light in the system related thereto. Therefore, when the displacement direction of the determination point S is deviated as shown in FIG. 7, the displacement direction of the determination point S is calibrated in advance by a reference signal, and the coordinates of the displacement direction of the determination point S are stored in the storage device 70 (FIG. 6) or stored as reference data in the same storage device in the form of a function or an approximate expression. By referring to this reference data at the time of color determination by the CPU or the like, it is possible to perform accurate color determination without error, as in the case of FIG. 4 and FIG. 6 described above.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing details of the configuration of a specific embodiment of the present invention. Here, a color determination apparatus using a differential interference type shape determination apparatus in a more specific form of the embodiment based on the principle of the present invention in FIG. 3 is shown. More specifically, FIG. 8 illustrates an apparatus in which the differential interference unit 12 determines the physical inclination angle of the observation target sample 13 by the interference color.

Further, in FIG. 8, interference light obtained from the differential interference unit 12 is used as the color signal CL to be the object of color judgment. In the figure, the color separator 20 includes a dichroic mirror 21, a red-only image pickup device 22, a green-only image pickup device 23, and a blue-only image pickup device 24. The dichroic mirror 21 separates the color signal CL, which is interference light, into red light, green light, and blue light. The red only image pickup device 22 selectively receives only the red light separated by the dichroic mirror 21 and converts it into a red electric signal. Green dedicated imager 23
Selectively receives only the green light separated by the dichroic mirror 21 and converts it into a green electric signal. The blue-only image pickup device 24 selectively receives only the blue light separated by the dichroic mirror 21 and converts it into a blue electric signal. That is, by the color separator 20 described above,
The color signal CL, which is interference light, is separated into three primary color components of red, green, and blue, and then converted into corresponding electric signals and output.

Based on the electric signals of the three primary color components thus converted, the primary color component intensity comparison calculator 30 (described above in FIG. 3) causes the intensity ratio of the two components in the primary color components (for example, R and G) is calculated. Further, in FIG. 8, the storage device 7 for storing the reference data of the reference color signal in advance.
0 (described above in FIG. 3) is provided. This storage device 7
0 is usually composed of a hard disk device or a semiconductor memory unit. The above-mentioned reference data represents, for example, information on brightness and darkness and information on intensity ratio (R and G) in the form of an approximate expression. Further, the output side of the primary color component intensity comparison calculator 30 is provided with a comparator 4 such as a comparator.
Two are provided. The comparator 42 compares the reference data with the intensity ratio of the two primary color components to make a color determination, and is preferably realized by a CPU such as a personal computer. Further, an indicator 44 is provided on the output side of the comparator 42. The indicator 44 displays the color determination result so that an observer or the like can confirm the result determined by the comparator 42.

Here, the structure of the differential interference unit 12 used in this embodiment will be described in detail. In the figure,
The differential interference unit 12 includes a light source 15, a polarizer 14, and
It is composed of a half mirror 16, a polarization splitting prism 17, an objective lens 18, an analyzer 19, and an imaging lens 11.

In this case, the light source 15 is typically composed of a halogen lamp. The polarizer 14 linearly polarizes the light from the light source 15. The half mirror 16
The linearly polarized light obtained through the polarizer 14 is converted into the objective lens 18
The reflected light from the observation target sample 13 is transmitted to the analyzer 19 as well. The polarization separation prism 17 separates the polarized light from the half mirror 16 into ordinary light and extraordinary light. Further, in the polarization separation prism 17, the ordinary light and the extraordinary light having a phase difference from the objective lens 18 are combined as circularly polarized light.

Further, the objective lens 18 projects the ordinary light and the extraordinary light from the polarization separation prism 17 onto the sample 13 to be observed and the reflected light onto the polarization separation prism 17. The polarization direction of the analyzer 19 is arranged so as to be orthogonal to the polarizer 14. The analyzer 19 transmits only the wavelength component that matches the polarization direction of the analyzer 19 among the circularly polarized light from the polarization separation prism 17. Imaging lens 11
Represents the color signal CL, which is the interference light transmitted through the analyzer 19,
The image is formed on the color separator 20.

Further, the color judgment operation in the embodiment of FIG. 8 will be described. First, the information on the inclination of the observation target sample 13 obtained by the differential interference unit 12 is transmitted to the color separator 20 as a color signal CL in the form of interference color. Next, in this color separator 20, the color signal CL is optically separated by the dichroic mirror 21.
Each color unit is converted into an electric signal (red, green and blue) of three primary color components by a dedicated image pickup device (22, 23 and 24).

Further, the primary color component intensity comparison calculator 30 calculates intensity ratios (R and G) from the electrical signals (red, green and blue) of the primary color components. The intensity ratio (R and G) calculated in this way is compared with reference data stored in advance in the storage device 70 in the comparator 42, and the color corresponding to the intensity ratio is finally determined.
The color determined in this way is clearly indicated by the indicator 44 so that an observer or the like can visually confirm it. The finally determined color corresponds to the physical inclination information, so that the conversion table 4 including a memory unit or the like is used.
The slope can be obtained based on 6.

Regarding the differential interference unit 12 used in the embodiment of FIG. 8, optical components may be added, omitted, or changed as necessary. Further, as the color separator 20 in FIG. 8, a three-plate CCD camera, a three-tube camera, or a photodetector may be used, or the color signals may be directly electrically converted into primary color components (red, green, and blue). May be converted to

In the above description, the differential interference unit 12 was used to determine the physical inclination of the sample 13 to be observed, but in addition to this, determination of colors that should not be influenced by light and shade, for example, products flowing through a line. It may be used for the color determination of the above, the color determination of the color filter, and the like.

[0040]

As described above, according to the present invention, when determining the color of the sample to be observed such as various products and parts,
There is an advantage that it is possible to reduce the influence of ambient light and dark, and it is possible to perform stable color determination without error. As a result, it becomes possible to automate the process of inspecting and identifying products, parts, raw materials, and the like in the fields of manufacturing and distribution, and it can be expected that the efficiency of color determination will be improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a principle configuration of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a color determination procedure based on the principle of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an embodiment based on the principle of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a color determination procedure in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration of another embodiment based on the principle of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a procedure of color determination in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a procedure of color determination when the displacement direction of the determination point is distorted due to light and dark.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing details of the configuration of a specific example of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 ... Separation means 3 ... Intensity ratio calculation means 4 ... Center point / reference point setting means 5 ... Judgment point setting means 6 ... Phase angle setting means 7 ... Color signal associating means 20 ... Color separator 20 '... Wavelength separator 40 ... CPU 42 ... Comparator 70 ... Storage device

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. At least three color signal components (CL1, CL2 and CL) from a color signal (CL) to be determined.
3) is provided, and a separation means (2) and an intensity ratio calculation means (3) for calculating one intensity ratio of the color signal component and another intensity ratio of the other color signal component, respectively. In a color determination device that determines a color corresponding to the color signal (CL) based on the value of the intensity ratio, a determination point setting that identifies a determination point (S) corresponding to each intensity ratio on a predetermined rectangular coordinate. Means (5) and arbitrary center point (O) and reference point (Z) on the Cartesian coordinates
And a center point / reference point setting means (4) for setting the phase and a phase for setting an angle formed by the determination point (S) with respect to the center point (O) as the phase angle (θ). Angle setting means (6) and phase angle (θ) set by the phase angle setting means (6)
And color signal associating means (7) for associating the color name of the color signal (CL) with each other to make the color determination, and the color signal (CL) causes a change in brightness. In this case, the determination point (S) is substantially displaced along the direction defined by the phase angle (θ). 2. As the color signal component, three primary color components of red, blue and green are obtained by the separating means (2), and an intensity ratio of one primary color component to a total intensity of the three primary color components. , And intensity ratios of the other primary color components are calculated by the intensity ratio calculating means (3), and the orthogonal coordinates are chromaticity coordinates for displaying the intensity ratios of the two primary color components. 1. The color determination device according to 1. 3. When the three primary color components of red, blue, and green are biased, a predetermined coefficient is added to the intensity of the arbitrary color signal component, or the coordinate axes of the orthogonal coordinates are taken. The color determination device according to claim 2, wherein a Cartesian coordinate equivalent to the chromaticity coordinate is used by changing the. 4. The center point (O) in the rectangular coordinates.
Accuracy of the color determination by changing the coordinate position of the color signal (CL) and changing the sensitivity of the phase angle (θ) with respect to the shift of the Cartesian coordinates caused by absorption and attenuation of light when the color signal (CL) changes in brightness. The color determination device according to claim 1, wherein the color determination device is increased. 5. The color determination device further uses a reference color signal that is a reference for the color determination and has a variable color name and variable intensity, and an intensity ratio and a phase angle (θ) of the reference color signal. 3. The color determination device according to claim 1, further comprising a storage device for preliminarily calculating and storing as reference data, and a comparator capable of referring to the reference data in the color determination. 6. A structure in which the displacement state of intensity in color units is stored as reference data in the storage device in the form of a function or an approximate expression to reduce the capacity of the reference data and enable high-speed reference. The color determination device according to claim 4, 7. The separation means (2) has, as the color signal component, arbitrary three constituent wavelength components (λ1, respectively) corresponding to the intensity of an arbitrary single wavelength or an arbitrary band portion.
λ2 and λ3) for separating into three wavelength components (λ) separated by the wavelength separator.
1, λ2 and λ3), the determination points corresponding to the intensity ratios are set on the Cartesian coordinates using the respective values of the intensity ratios calculated, and the color determination based on the determination points is
The color determination device according to claim 1, wherein the color determination device is configured so as to be able to cope with a minute color displacement and an invisible light region. 8. The color determination device according to claim 1, wherein a two-dimensional color determination is made possible by capturing the color signal (CL) with a two-dimensional imager. 9. A color signal (CL) to be determined is at least three color signal components (CL1, CL2 and CL).
3), the intensity ratio of one of the separated color signal components and the intensity ratio of the other color signal components are calculated, and the calculated intensity ratios correspond to the calculated intensity ratios on a predetermined rectangular coordinate. A determination point (S) is specified, an arbitrary center point (O) and a reference point (Z) are set on the Cartesian coordinates, and a determination is made with respect to the reference point (Z) around the center point (O). An angle formed by the point (S) is set as a phase angle (θ), and the set phase angle (θ) and the color name of the color signal (CL) are associated with each other to obtain the color signal (CL). Is a color determination method for determining a color corresponding to, the determination point (S) is substantially defined by the phase angle (θ) when the color signal (CL) changes in brightness. A color determination method characterized by displacement along a direction. 10. The color signal (CL) is separated into three primary color components of red, blue and green, and an intensity ratio of one primary color component to a total intensity of the three primary color components and another primary color component. The color determination method according to claim 9, wherein an intensity ratio of components is calculated, and the orthogonal coordinates are chromaticity coordinates for displaying the intensity ratios of the two primary color components. 11. When the three primary color components of red, blue, and green are biased, a predetermined coefficient is added to the intensity of the arbitrary color signal component, or the coordinate axes of the orthogonal coordinates are taken. 11. The color determination method according to claim 10, wherein a Cartesian coordinate equivalent to the chromaticity coordinate is used by changing. 12. The color signal (CL) is separated into arbitrary three constituent wavelength components (λ1, λ2 and λ3) respectively corresponding to the intensity of an arbitrary single wavelength or an arbitrary band portion, and the separation is performed. Three constituent wavelength components (λ1, λ2 and λ)
Using each value of the intensity ratio calculated for 3), a determination point corresponding to each intensity ratio is set on the Cartesian coordinates, and the color determination based on the determination point causes a minute color displacement. The color determination method according to claim 9, which is also applicable to an invisible light region.