JPH07255385A - Protein pellet, its production, protein molding and its production - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To produce a pellet biodegradable and capable of returning to a natural material without causing environmental pollution by blending organic materials composed mainly of vegetable proteins, water, a plasticizer and a humectant, supplying the resultant raw material to a screw type extruder, kneading it while heating and fusing it, granulating it according to the extrusion method and drying it to a specified water content. CONSTITUTION:A raw material is prepared by blending organic materials composed mainly of vegetable proteins, water in an amount of 30 to 100wt.% based on crude protein in the organic materials, 30 to 80wt.% plasticizer and a humectant. The resultant raw material is supplied to a screw extruder 1, kneaded in the extruder 1 while being heated and fused at 100 to 160 deg.C, extruded at 80 to 130 deg.C so as to be granulated into a particle shape and dried at 20 to 100 deg.C to 10 to 30wt.% water content, thus producing the objective pellet.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a protein pellet, a method for producing the same, a protein molded article and a method for producing the same, and in particular, an injection molding machine, an inflation device, an extrusion molding machine from an organic material containing vegetable protein as a main component. The present invention relates to a novel improvement for producing a protein pellet used in, and for obtaining a protein molded article using the protein pellet.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a method of treating an organic material containing a vegetable protein as a main component with an extruder is generally well known. In this treatment method, an organic material containing vegetable protein as a main component is supplied to an extruder, kneaded, heated, and pressurized inside the extruder, and extruded through a die having various shapes attached to the tip of the extruder. It is a thing. The shape of the extrudate obtained here may be expanded material, granular material, sheet-shaped material, string-shaped material or the like depending on the type or shape of the die. This extrudate is in the form of a dried product in its original form, a crushed powdered product, an extract of only protein fiber, etc., and is used as a main raw material for ham, sausage, hamburger, a bulking agent, etc. . As described above, the subsequent use of the extruded product of the organic material containing the vegetable protein as the main component was limited.

As a conventional method for producing a protein molded product, there is a method for molding a protein raw material using a hot press or the like.
For example, it was suggested in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-39424. This is because water and a plasticizer or a moisturizer are added to the protein raw material, the mixture is put into a mold, and the mixture is heated and compressed by a press, and after a certain period of time, the mold is cooled and the press is opened. In this method, the mold is opened and the molded product is taken out.

[0004]

The conventional techniques for treating the above-mentioned organic material containing plant protein as a main component with an extruder have a limited range of applications and cannot be formed into a free shape. Met. In addition, there was no practical example of re-processing the protein extruded by the extruder as protein pellets again by the injection molding machine, the inflation device, and the extrusion molding machine. Since the protein is plasticized in the mold, it takes a long time to obtain a molded product, resulting in poor productivity. Further, in order for the protein to be plasticized, the mold must be heated to 100 ° C. or higher, and then the mold must be cooled in order to prevent foaming of the molded product and immobilize it. Therefore, energy efficiency was poor. Further, since the plasticization of the protein is carried out in the mold, it is difficult to mold it with a mold having a complicated shape.

In order to broaden the range of protein molding shapes, the present invention produces pellets which can be processed by an injection molding machine, an inflation device or an extrusion machine from an organic material containing vegetable protein as a main component, and at the same time, this protein is produced. An object of the present invention is to provide a protein pellet obtained by using a pellet to obtain a protein molded article, a method for producing the same, and a protein molded article and a method for producing the same.

[0006]

The protein pellet according to the present invention has a structure in which an organic material containing a vegetable protein as a main component is melted and solidified to form a granular gelatinized product.

More specifically, the organic material is composed of an organic material whose main component is vegetable protein mixed with additives.

More specifically, the organic material has a composition containing 50% by weight or more of crude protein.

The method for producing a protein pellet according to the present invention comprises:
An organic material containing vegetable protein as a main component and 30 to 100% by weight of water based on the crude protein in the organic material, as well as 3
A raw material blended with 0 to 80% by weight of a plasticizer and a humectant is supplied to a screw type extruder, melted and kneaded in the extruder while being heated to a temperature of 100 to 160 ° C. Extruded at a temperature of ~ 130 ° C and granulated into granules, and a water content of 10 ~ 3 at a temperature of 20 ~ 100 ° C.
It is a method of drying to 0% by weight.

The protein molded article according to the present invention is characterized by claims 1 to 3.
In the constitution, the protein pellet described in any of 1) is molded and processed.

In the method for producing a protein molded product according to the present invention, the protein pellet according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is supplied to a molding processing apparatus and heated to a temperature of 100 to 160 degrees Celsius to be plasticized and melted. And then injected into a molding die or extruded from a molding die for molding.

[0012]

In the protein pellet and the method for producing the same according to the present invention, the organic material containing vegetable protein as the main component, which is kneaded and melted by heating in the extruder, is extruded from the die at a temperature at which it does not foam. And cut into transparent protein pellets. The protein pellet is dried in a dryer. This makes the protein pellet excellent in storage stability and transportability.

Further, in the protein molded product and the method for producing the same according to the present invention, the plasticized and melted protein pellets are molded into the protein molded product in the molding apparatus. Therefore,
By using the protein pellet, a tough and flexible protein molded product can be continuously manufactured at extremely low cost. Further, since a molding apparatus such as a conventional extruder or injection molding machine is used, continuous and stable processing can be performed, and a protein molded product having uniform characteristics can be manufactured.

[0014]

The preferred embodiments of the protein pellet, the method for producing the same, the protein molded article and the method for producing the same according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. First, the protein pellet and its manufacturing method will be described. FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of the method for producing a protein pellet according to the present invention.
In FIG. 1, a known extruder 1 includes a cylinder 1A having a screw (not shown) and a die holder 1B, and the die holder 1B of the extruder 1 is provided with a die 1C. Immediately after this die 1C, the cutter device 2
Is provided, and a dryer 3 is provided on the downstream side thereof to manufacture the protein pellet 7.

[0015]

[Experimental example] The extruder of this experimental example is well-known from Japan Steel Works (TEX38F; screw outer diameter 38 mm, L / D = 2).
The soybean protein powder “Fuji Pro SE (CP: CP manufactured by Fuji Oil Co., Ltd.)” is used as an organic material by using the twin screw extruder of (0).
90%) ". Powdered soybean protein separated in extruder 1 at 10 kg / h, 50 parts of glycerin,
Cylinder 1A by mixing a mixed liquid of 50 parts of water at 8 kg / h
Supplied to the inside of the cylinder 1A with a screw,
Melt kneading was performed while heating with the cylinder 1A, and the molten soybean protein was extruded from the die 1C through the die holder 1B, and at the same time, granulated by the cutter device 2 to produce the protein pellet 7, and subsequently dried by the dryer 3. The screw has a shape in which a known reverse screw and a kneading screw are combined in the kneading part, and is rotated at 150 rpm, and the cylinder 1A heats each cylinder segment (not shown) from the soybean protein supply portion toward the extruder tip. The temperature was set to 20 ° C, 110 ° C, 130 ° C and 100 ° C. In such an operation, the material temperature at the tip of the cylinder 1A was 125 ° C. and the pressure was 3 to 4 kg / cm ² . The produced protein pellet 7 was dried by a dryer 3 at a temperature of 40 ° C. for 3 hours. The water content of the dried protein pellet was about 20% by weight. By the above operation, a protein pellet in which an organic material containing protein as a main component was melted and solidified to form a powdery gelatinized product could be obtained. Further, 100 parts of the powdered soybean protein isolate was mixed with 5 parts of ammonium sulfate, urea, lime superphosphate and potassium chloride, and the mixture was supplied at 10 kg / h. A pellet could be obtained.

In order to confirm the moldability of the protein pellets thus obtained, molding was performed using a known injection molding machine (J75E manufactured by Japan Steel Works). The temperature of each cylinder segment of the cylinder of this injection molding machine is 120 ° C, 130 ° C, 1 ° C from the hopper side toward the screw tip.
The temperature was set to 60 ° C and 160 ° C. The mold temperature is 60 ℃
Set to. At this time, when the temperature of the second cylinder segment from the hopper side was increased, surging occurred and the measurement could not be performed. Further, since the fluidity of protein is not as good as that of resin, the mold temperature is preferably high, and it is necessary to lengthen the mold cooling time accordingly. As a result, a yellow-brown transparent protein molded product of soybean protein could be obtained by continuous injection molding.

Further, the moldability of the protein pellet 7 was confirmed using a well-known inflation device (screw diameter 40 mm, L / D = 24). The die used is a nozzle outer diameter of 40 mm,
With a gap of 1.5 mm, the cylinder temperature and die temperature of the inflator are adjusted from the hopper side to the die tip.
The temperature was set to 0 ° C, 140 ° C, 140 ° C, 130 ° C and 130 ° C, and the screw was rotated at 15 rpm. At this time, the die pressure was 22 to 25 kg / cm ² . As a result, thickness 3
A yellow-brown transparent soy protein film of up to 0 μm could be obtained.

Further, in the protein pellet 7 according to the present invention, the vegetable protein contained in the organic material is heated and melted and then solidified into a plasticizable granular gelatinized product. Since the organic material is formed into a granular spheroid having plasticity, it can be easily supplied to a molding processing device such as an injection molding machine, an inflation device, an extrusion molding machine, and is heated and melted and molded in the molding processing device. It As a vegetable protein,
Soybean protein, wheat protein, corn protein, etc. are targeted for pelletization, and one or a mixture of two or more of these is used as the organic material.

The organic material in the present invention is solidified into a homogeneously mixed, plasticizable granulated aggregate by adding various substances. The added substances include okara, rice bran, bran, starch, vegetative organic materials such as sugars, casein, fish meal, bone organic materials such as bone meal, and the like.
There are chemical substances such as nutrients and fertilizer components, insect repellents, chemicals such as pesticides, pigments, etc., and an appropriate amount of the necessary substance is added depending on the use of the molded product or the required function. When the organic material in the present invention contains 50% by weight or more of crude protein, it is heated and melted, and then solidified into a granular plasticized product capable of being sufficiently plasticized. The higher the crude protein content, the higher the suitability for moldability, but if it is lower than 50% by weight, a homogeneous molten state cannot be obtained, and a sufficiently plasticized, homogeneous, gelatinized state cannot be obtained.

In the method for producing the protein pellet 7 according to the present invention, the organic material is 30 to 30% of the crude protein.
By blending 100% by weight of water, the fluidity in the extruder is ensured and the melt plasticization by heat kneading is easily performed.
By blending 0% by weight of plasticizer and humectant,
Pelletization, that is, extrusion from the die 1C is facilitated, the plasticity of the protein pellets 7 is improved, the gloss of the molded product is improved, and an appropriate amount of water, a plasticizer, and a humectant are mixed with an organic material. It is easily melted and plasticized by being supplied to the machine 1 and heated to a temperature of 100 to 160 degrees Celsius and kneaded, and then 80 to 13 degrees Celsius.
By being cooled to a temperature of 0 degree, it is easily extruded in a strand form from the die 1C provided at the tip of the extruder, cut into granules, and has a water content of 10 to 30 at a temperature of 20 to 100 degrees Celsius. By being dried to a weight percentage, protein pellets 7 which are solidified in a granular gelatinized substance having transparency without heat deterioration, that is, no charring, and which are excellent in storage stability and transportability, can be obtained. If the mixing ratio of water is lower than 30% by weight, the fluidity of the organic material is not secured, melt plasticization becomes insufficient, and thermal deterioration occurs to make pelletization difficult.
When it is higher than 0% by weight, water is blown out during extrusion and pelletization becomes impossible.

When the blending ratio of the plasticizer and the humectant is lower than 30% by weight, the plasticity of the protein pellet is impaired, and
When the content is higher than 10% by weight, the strength of the molded article is lowered and the biting of the protein pellet 7 is deteriorated at the time of molding, and a surging phenomenon, that is, a phenomenon in which the injection amount or the extrusion amount pulsates occurs, and stable molding cannot be performed. It takes a long time to dry. Examples of the plasticizer and the moisturizer include glycerin, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, which has both functions, sorbitol, mannitol, etc., which have both functions, and those having both functions can be used alone, and if necessary, 2 More than one type is mixed and used.

When the temperature at the time of melting and kneading the raw materials becomes lower than 100 degrees Celsius, the organic material is not sufficiently melted and plasticized,
When the temperature is higher than 160 degrees Celsius, thermal deterioration occurs and plasticity is impaired, and sufficient plasticizing and melting cannot be performed in the molding processing apparatus in the subsequent step, and molding processing cannot be performed. The temperature at the time of melting and kneading the raw materials is preferably 110 to 160 degrees Celsius at a pressure of 1 to 5 kg / cm ² . If the extrusion temperature of the raw material is higher than 130 degrees Celsius in the melt-kneaded state, a foaming phenomenon occurs and it becomes impossible to granulate the protein pellets 7.
If it is less than 100 ° C., the fluidity of the raw material is lowered and extrusion becomes difficult. When it becomes difficult to extrude, the pressure of the raw material before the tip of the extruder rises, and the temperature of the raw material rises accordingly, causing thermal degradation of the organic material. The temperature at the time of extruding the raw material, that is, the temperature at the tip of the extruder is preferably 2 to
At 10 kg / cm ² , it is 80 to 120 degrees Celsius, and more preferably 80 to 100 degrees Celsius. If the drying temperature of the protein pellets 7 is higher than 100 degrees Celsius, the organic material is thermally deteriorated, and if it is lower than 20 degrees Celsius, a long drying process is required. The drying temperature of the protein pellet 7 is preferably 20 to 80 degrees Celsius, more preferably 20 degrees Celsius.
~ 60 degrees.

If the water content of the protein pellets 7 after drying becomes lower than 10% by weight, the protein pellets 7 become too dry and easily pulverized, and it becomes difficult to maintain the pellet shape, and it becomes difficult to plasticize and melt them in the molding apparatus, resulting in fluidity. When it is higher than 30% by weight, foaming occurs during molding and bubbles are mixed in the molded product. The water content of the protein pellet 7 after drying is preferably 15 to 25% by weight. Since the protein molded article according to the present invention is made of an organic material, it becomes a biodegradable product that can be easily assimilated into nature without any special treatment.

In the method for producing a protein molded article according to the present invention, the protein pellet 7 supplied to the molding apparatus is heated to a temperature of 100 to 160 degrees Celsius to be plasticized, so that it is easily melted and fluidized. Then, the protein is molded into a protein molded product by being injected into a molding die or extruded from a molding die and molded. That is,
By injection into a molding die by an injection molding machine, a molded product having a desired shape is formed, and by an inflation device, it is extruded from a molding die and stretched to form a continuous film, which is then formed by an extrusion molding machine. By being extruded from, it is molded into a continuous molded product having a constant cross-sectional shape or a sheet shape. When the temperature of the protein pellets 7 is lower than 100 degrees Celsius, the protein pellets 7 are not sufficiently plasticized and melted, and when the temperature is higher than 160 degrees Celsius, they are thermally deteriorated, and a homogeneous plasticized and molten state cannot be obtained, resulting in poor fluidity. The molding process is low and the molding becomes incomplete.

[0025]

EFFECT OF THE INVENTION Since the protein pellet and the method for producing the same and the protein molded article and the method for producing the same according to the present invention are constituted as described above, the following effects can be obtained. (1) By using an organic material mainly composed of protein as a protein pellet having plasticity, new applications of the organic material are greatly expanded, and molding processing equipment such as an injection molding machine, an inflation device and an extrusion molding machine can be used. Molding has become possible. (2) By using an organic material mainly composed of protein as a protein pellet having plasticity, handling of the organic material was facilitated, and flowability and productivity were improved. (3) By using an organic material mainly composed of protein as a protein pellet having plasticity, the protein pellet is used as a plastic material in the same manner as a conventional synthetic resin material, such as an injection molding machine, an inflation device, an extrusion molding machine, etc. With the molding apparatus of (1), various shapes of molded products or films can be molded, and homogeneous molded products or films can be mass-produced continuously and efficiently. (4) Molded products or films that are plasticized and molded from an organic material containing protein as a main ingredient are also suitable for applications that come into contact with moisture because the protein has water resistance unlike other organic materials such as starch. It can be used as it is. (5) Molded products or films that are plasticized and molded from an organic material containing protein as the main ingredient are gradually decomposed as biodegradable materials due to the nature of the original organic materials even if they are discarded as waste after use. However, it returns completely to the natural world in a pollution-free state. For example, if it is used as a container for seedlings of vegetables, flowers, etc., it can be planted on the land as it is in the container, and the container will gradually decompose and assimilate into soil and become a nutrient for seedlings. . If this container is made of protein pellets containing fertilizer components or pesticides, the slow decomposition of the container gradually dissolves the fertilizer components or pesticides to help the growth of seedlings and prevent damage from disease fungi or pests. To do.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a protein pellet according to the present invention and a twin-screw extruder applied to a method for producing the same.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Extruder 2 Cutter device 3 Dryer 7 Protein pellet

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Yoshinori Tokugawa, 1-6-1, Funakoshi Minami, Aki-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan Steel Works, Ltd. (72) Fumiro Tsuda, 1-chome, Funakoshi-minami, Aki-ku, Hiroshima City, Hiroshima Prefecture No. 6 No. 1 within Japan Steel Works, Ltd.

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A protein pellet, characterized in that an organic material containing a vegetable protein as a main component is melted and solidified to form a granular gelatinized product. 2. The protein pellet according to claim 1, wherein the organic material is an organic material whose main component is vegetable protein mixed with additives. 3. The protein pellet according to claim 1, wherein the organic material contains 50% by weight or more of crude protein. 4. An organic material containing a vegetable protein as a main component and 30 to 100% by weight based on the crude protein in the organic material.
A raw material mixed with 30-80% by weight of a plasticizer and a moisturizing agent is supplied to a screw type extruder (1) and heated to a temperature of 100 to 160 degrees Celsius in the extruder (1). Melted and kneaded in the as-prepared state, extruded at a temperature of 80 to 130 degrees Celsius, and granulated into granules.
A method for producing a protein pellet, which is characterized by being dried at a temperature of 10 to 30% by weight. 5. A protein molded product, characterized in that the protein pellet (7) according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is formed by molding. 6. The protein pellet (7) according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is supplied to a molding and processing device, and the protein pellet (100) has a temperature of 100 degrees Celsius.
A method for producing a protein molded article, which comprises heating to a temperature of up to 160 ° C., plasticizing and melting, and injecting it into a molding die or extruding from a molding die for molding.