JPH07251380A - Socket for tightening screw - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a socket for tightening a screw capable of varying width of an inlet part to fit to a nut etc., of desired size. CONSTITUTION:A cam cylinder 3 is installed 'on a revolving shaft 1 land a plural number of caps 2 free to go up and down and revolve by arranging a plural number of caps 2 each of which is advancing and retreating in the shaft center direction on the lower end of the revolving shaft l on which a fitting part 1b to install a revolving handle shaft H. A cam curved surface 3b making a peripheral surface shape to vary clearance distance between the caps 2 by pressing and moving each of the caps 2 in accordance with revolution of the cam cylinder 3 and a positioning peripheral surface 3a making a positioning peripheral surface shape making the clearance distance in a maintained and fixed state by an elevating motion of the cam cylinder 3 at a position where the clearance distance becomes desired nut outside surface width are provided on the inner peripheral surface of the cam cylinder 3.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a socket for screw tightening which is tightened or loosened by being fitted on a head of a nut or bolt, and more particularly to a socket which can change a width of a mouthpiece fitted on a nut or the like to a desired width.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a typical tightening tool that can change the opening width of a mouth to match the size of a head of a nut or bolt, a screw rod is provided in the inner side surface of a jaw-like part formed at the handle end. There is a monkey spanner in which a mouth portion is configured by installing a pair of advancing and retreating sliders and rotating the screw rod to perform a narrowing operation between the jaw-shaped portion and the slider to change the mouth portion width.

[0003]

Since the mouth of the monkey wrench according to the above-mentioned prior art is of a type in which one side is opened and the screw rod is operated by a finger to change the width of the mouth, Together with the looseness of the screw rod during the tightening operation, it could come off from the nut and cause an unexpected accident, which was a safety issue.

From the above, the box type tightening tool without the opening portion has been widely used these days, but in the box type tightening tool, a socket corresponding to the size of the nut is prepared and these sockets are prepared. It is troublesome to select the one having a desired mouth width from among the above, and to perform the tightening work after mounting the socket on the handle.

In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a socket in which the width of the mouth can be varied so as to fit a nut of a desired size or the like.

[0006]

In order to achieve the object, the screw tightening socket of the present invention has a cylindrical rotary shaft fitted at the upper end thereof for mounting a drive shaft of an industrial robot or a rotary handle shaft. A plurality of caps, each of which moves forwards and backwards in the direction of the center of the rotation axis, is provided at the lower end, and each cap has a cam contact surface on the back side and a nut or bolt head on the front side. Provided with a mouthpiece surface in contact with the side surface, and further, between the mouthpieces, springs that are biased in directions away from each other are contracted so that the turning shaft and the mouthpiece can be raised and lowered and turned along the turning axis and the like. The cam cylinder is mounted, and a cam curved surface and a positioning peripheral surface are provided on the inner peripheral surface of the cam cylinder, with which the cam contact surfaces of the respective caps successively contact by the bias of the spring as the cam cylinder moves up and down. However, the cam curved surface resists the spring as the cam barrel rotates and Each of the cap surfaces has a peripheral surface shape that changes the distance while pressing the cam contact surface of the cam cylinders while maintaining an equal distance from the center of rotation of the cam cylinder, and the positioning peripheral surface is rotated as the cam cylinder rotates. At the portions on the circumference where the cap surfaces of the caps that come into contact with the cam curved surface and are pressed are the outer widths of the heads of several kinds of desired nuts or bolts, the cam contact is made by the vertical movement of the cam barrel. By moving the contact surface to the positioning peripheral surface, a positioning peripheral surface shape is obtained in which the die surface width is maintained and fixed.

[0007]

[Function] The cam contact surface of each cap is moved to the cam curved surface by moving the cam cylinder upward, and then the cam contact surface of each cap is pushed against the spring by rotating the cam cylinder. After changing the distance between the cap surfaces to the desired outer width of the nut, etc., the cam cylinder is lowered to move the cam contact surface to the positioning peripheral surface to keep the outer width of the nut etc. fixed. ,
After that, the base is fitted into a nut or the like and tightened and loosened by a turning handle or the like fitted in the fitting portion.

[0008]

[Effect] The screw tightening socket according to the present invention can change the opening width of the mouth that fits the head of a nut or bolt of a desired size simply by operating the cam barrel, and the socket shape has an insertion end such as a nut. Since it has a tapered shape that tapers in the direction, and the inner peripheral surface of the cam cylinder is provided with a tapered concave groove peripheral surface into which the rear side of the base surface fits in the desired opening width of the base surface, it is possible to use a nut or the like. Not only is it suitable for work such as tightening in tight spaces, but there is no risk of the caps opening and coming off during tightening, etc., and the elastic springs installed between facing caps make it possible to maintain the same biasing force. When the mouthpieces are loaded on each other, the amount of movement of the mouthpieces when the mouth opening is variable is equalized, and the work efficiency, safety, and operability are excellent.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The drawings relate to an embodiment of a screw tightening socket, showing a case where the nut outer peripheral shape is hexagonal.
Is a vertical side view, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line WW of FIG. 1, and FIG.
XX sectional view of FIG. 4, FIG. 4 is a YY sectional view of FIG. 1, FIG. 5 is a ZZ sectional view of FIG. 1, and FIG.
FIG. 7 is a transverse plan view schematically showing the first variable state, and FIG. 8 is a second plan view.
FIG. 9 is a vertical sectional side view of the first variable state, in which the variable state is schematically shown.

Reference numeral A in the drawing denotes a socket for screw tightening, and the socket A is a nut or bolt arranged at the lower end portion of the rotary shaft 1 connected to the drive shaft of the industrial robot or the rotary handle shaft H. It comprises a pair of caps 2 and 2 in contact with the side surface of N, and a cam cylinder 3 surrounding the rotating shaft 1 and the caps 2 and 2, and the rotating shaft 1 has a through hole 1a having a size into which a bolt is inserted. Is provided vertically, and a fitting portion 1b having a polygonal horizontal cross section for fitting with a drive shaft or a turning handle shaft H of an industrial robot is provided at an upper end portion of the through hole 1a, and an outward flange 1 at a lower end portion is provided.
In the lower c, the guide grooves 1d and 1d of the mouthpieces 2 and 2 and the hanging pieces 1e and 1e directed toward the center direction are provided, and
A retaining ring 5 fixed by a screw 4 on the outer periphery of the upper end portion of the rotating shaft 1.
The guide cylinder 6 is inserted through the guide cylinder 6, and the cam cylinder 3 is slidably fitted on the outer periphery of the guide cylinder 6 so as to be rotatable and movable up and down.

Each of the mouthpieces 2 and 2 is provided with a mouthpiece surface 2a in contact with the side surface of the nut N on the front surface side of the lower end portion, a guide projection 2b is provided on the upper surface, and shoulder portions 2c are formed on both sides of the upper edge portion. ，
2c is provided, and horizontal holes 2d, 2 are formed in each of the shoulders 2c, 2c.
d is formed, and a cam contact surface 2f having a positioning groove 2e formed in the center is raised on the back side, and a tapered surface tapering toward the lower end on the back side of the mouthpiece surface 2a. Two
g is formed, and the tapered surface 2g is provided with a protrusion 2h extending to the lower end edge. The guide projections 2b and 2b provided on each of the mouthpieces 2 and 2 are provided with the guide groove 1d of the rotary shaft 1. 1d
Slidably fitted to each of the bases, and the shoulders 2c and 2c are hung on the hanging pieces 1e and 1e so that the base surfaces 2a and 2a of the bases 2 and 2 face each other and are mounted on the lower portion of the rotary shaft 1 to face each other The guide rod 7 is inserted by inserting both end portions of the guide rod 7 into the horizontal holes 2d, 2d of the respective bases 2, 2.
A spring 8 having the same elastic force is urged between the facing surfaces of the central collar portion 7a and the mouthpieces 2 and 2 provided on the base 2 and 2 to urge the mouthpieces 2 and 2 in the direction to separate them from each other.

On the inner peripheral surface of the guide cylinder 6 fitted into the rotary shaft 1 via the stop ring 5, an inwardly facing stepped portion 6a is provided in the upper part so that the outer surface of the rotary shaft 1 facing the outer peripheral surface of the guide cylinder 6 is opposed. A spring 9 is contracted between the facing flange 1c and the cam cylinder 3 slidably fitted to the outer periphery of the guide cylinder 6, and the positioning peripheral surface 3a, the cam curved surface 3b, and the tapered groove 3c are formed on the inner peripheral surface. Set up.

The positioning peripheral surface 3a provided on the inner peripheral surface of the cam barrel 3 fits into the positioning grooves 2e, 2e formed on the cam abutting surfaces 2f, 2f of the pair of bases 2, 2 which are opposed to each other. Three pairs of positioning protrusions 3d, 3d 'and 3e, 3e' and 3
f, 3f ', and the pair of positioning protrusions 3d to 3f
The f's are arranged so as to face each pair on the inner circumference of the cam barrel 3 at positions having different rotation angles, and are located concentrically to each pair, that is, equidistant from the center. In this embodiment, the distance between the two cap faces 2a, 2a facing each other when the positioning grooves 2e, 2e of the caps 2, 2 are fitted to the pair conforms to three desired nut or bolt head N dimensions. Since there is an opening width, the positioning peripheral surface 3a is
In each of the positioning projections 3d to 3f ', a circumferential surface shape is formed by a curved surface with which the entire surface or a part of the cam contact surfaces 2f, 2f are in contact with each of the positioning projections 3d to 3f'.

The cam curved surface 3b is the positioning peripheral surface 3a.
Located directly above the positioning peripheral surface 3a, and a curved surface formed by contacting all or a part of the cam contact surface 2f at each position of the positioning protrusions 3d to 3f ', and a curved surface leading to the curved surface. It has a peripheral surface consisting of only
The tapered concave groove 3c is provided around the lower portion of the cam cylinder 3, and the positioning grooves 2 of the caps 2 and 2 are provided at respective portions of the positioning protrusions 3d to 3f 'provided on the positioning peripheral surface 3a.
Tapered surface 2 of caps 2 and 2 with e and 2e fitted
The groove into which g and the projection 2h are fitted is continuous in the circumferential direction, and has a downwardly tapering peripheral surface shape.

Further, the outer periphery of the lower portion of the cam barrel 3 is a base 2,
Like the taper surface 2g formed in 2, the taper shape is tapered downward, and the inward flange 3 is formed at the upper edge portion.
g is provided around and abuts on the upper surface of the guide cylinder 6 arranged on the outer periphery of the rotary shaft 1, and the lower surface of the outward flange 1c circumferentially provided on the rotary shaft 1 and the upper edge of the cam curved surface 3b. The rotary shaft 1 is arranged so as to be in contact with and surround the rotary shaft 1. It goes without saying that the outer peripheral shape of the object to be tightened such as a nut may be other than the hexagonal shape depending on the shapes of the mouthpiece surfaces 2a, 2a of the mouthpieces 2, 2 and the number of the mouthpieces 2, 2 in the embodiment.

This embodiment has the above-mentioned structure.
Hereinafter, when the mouth opening width of the mouthpieces 2 and 2 is changed from the state shown in FIG. 1 (FIG. 4) to the state shown in FIG. 9 (FIG. 7) (first variable state).
Will be described (see FIG. 6). As shown in FIG. 1, the caps 2 and 2 arranged opposite to each other are pressed against the positioning peripheral surface 3a by the urging force of the springs 8 and 8, and the positioning groove 2 of the caps 2 and 2 is pressed.
When the cam cylinder 3 is pushed down against the spring 9 while the positioning protrusions 3d and 3d 'are fitted to the positioning protrusions 3e and 2e, the positioning protrusion 3d and
3d 'is disengaged from the positioning grooves 2e, 2e, and the cam contact surface 2
Located on the cam curved surface 3b together with f and 2f, and tapered surface 2g
The ridge 2h also separates from the tapered concave groove 3c (FIG. 6). Next, by rotating the cam cylinder 3, the cam contact surfaces 2f, 2f are pushed back toward the center against the springs 8, 8 while contacting the cam curved surface 3b, and the positioning grooves 2e,
Positioning projections 3e, 3 on the positioning peripheral surface 3a are provided directly below 2e.
By releasing the pressed state of the cam barrel 3 at the position where e'is located, the cam barrel 3 is returned by the biasing force of the spring 9, and the positioning protrusions 3e, 3 are placed in the positioning grooves 2e, 2e.
e'is fitted, the tapered surfaces 2g, 2g and the ridges 2h, 2h are fitted in the tapered concave groove 3c, and the base 2,
Driving the industrial robot in which the mouthpiece surfaces 2a, 2a of No. 2 are fixed at the desired mouth opening width position shown in FIG. Alternatively, the socket A is rotated by the rotating handle shaft H to be tightened or loosened.

The intervals between the cap surfaces 2a and 2a of the caps 2 and 2 are shown in FIG.
In the second variable state shown in Fig. 4 and the maximum interval shown in Fig. 4, the same operation as described above can be used. In this embodiment, the cam barrel 3 has a three-step variable.
Depending on the configuration of the positioning peripheral surface 3a, the cam curved surface 3b, and the tapered concave groove 3c, more steps can be changed.

In the screw tightening socket according to this embodiment, the opening width of the mouth can be adjusted so as to fit the nut or bolt head of a desired size simply by operating the cam barrel, and the socket shape is such that a nut or the like can be inserted. Since it has a taper shape that tapers toward the end direction, and the inner peripheral surface of the cam is provided with a tapered concave groove peripheral surface into which the back side portion of the base surface fits in the desired opening width of the base surface, a nut, etc. Not only is it suitable for work such as tightening in places where the circumference is narrow, there is no fear that the caps will open and come off during tightening, etc., and the same elastic force is always provided by the elastic springs installed between the facing caps. Since the caps are loaded on each other, the amount of movement of the caps when the mouth opening is variable becomes uniform, and the work efficiency, safety, and operability are excellent.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional side view.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line WW of FIG.

3 is a sectional view taken along line XX of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line YY of FIG.

5 is a sectional view taken along line ZZ of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional side view showing a variable process.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional plan view schematically showing a first variable state.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional plan view schematically showing a second variable state.

FIG. 9 is a vertical side view of the first variable state.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Rotating shaft 1b Fitting part 2 Base 2a Base surface 2f Cam contact surface 3 Cam tube 3a Positioning peripheral surface 3b Cam curved surface 8 Spring A Screw tightening socket H Manual handle shaft

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A cylindrical rotary shaft is provided at its upper end with a drive shaft of an industrial robot and a fitting portion for mounting a rotary handle shaft, and at its lower end, a plurality of fitting parts are provided that move forward and backward in the direction of the center of the rotary shaft. A base is provided, and a cam contact surface is provided on the back side of each base,
The front side is provided with a base surface that is in contact with the side surface of the head of the nut or bolt, and furthermore, springs that are biased in directions away from each other are contracted between the bases, and the rotating shaft and the base are
A cam cylinder is mounted so as to be able to move up and down and rotate along the rotation axis and the like, and the cam contact surface of each mouthpiece is biased by a spring on the inner peripheral surface of the cam cylinder as the cam cylinder moves up and down. The cam curved surface and the positioning peripheral surface which are successively brought into contact with each other are provided around, and the cam curved surface presses the cam contact surface of each mouthpiece against the spring as the cam barrel rotates, and the respective mouthpiece surfaces mutually come into contact with each other. The base surface of each mouthpiece has a peripheral surface shape that changes the distance while maintaining an equal distance from the center of rotation, and the positioning peripheral surface is pressed against the cam curved surface as the cam barrel rotates. At the portion on the circumference where the interval distance of is the outer width of several kinds of desired nuts or bolt heads, by moving the cam contact surface to the positioning peripheral surface by the vertical movement of the cam barrel,
A screw tightening socket having a positioning peripheral surface shape in which the base surface width is maintained and fixed. 2. A taper surface tapering toward the insertion end of the nut or bolt head is provided on the back side of the cap surface provided on each cap, and the cam barrel also has a taper shape corresponding to the taper surface. The screw tightening socket according to claim 1, wherein: 3. The tapered surface provided on each of the mouthpieces according to claim 2 is provided with a protrusion along the tapered surface, and an inner peripheral surface of the cam barrel corresponding to the tapered surface is a positioning peripheral surface. The said peripheral surface shape which consists of a taper-shaped groove | channel which the taper surface and the protrusion of the said cap | tip fit in the said part on the peripheral surface which becomes a maintenance fixed state with a desired mouthpiece surface width | variety, The said 1 and 2 said. Socket for screw tightening. 4. A plurality of caps are provided at the lower end of the rotating shaft, which face a cap surface in contact with a part of the outer surface of the head of the nut or bolt, and further, which are arranged to move forward and backward in the direction of the center of the rotating shaft. A horizontal hole is provided in each of the ferrules in a face-to-face direction so that both ends of the guide rod are inserted respectively, and a spring having the same elasticity is contracted between the central flange portion of the guide rod and the facing face of each ferrule.
The screw tightening socket according to claim 3.