JPH07250116A - Data transmitting method - Google Patents
Data transmitting methodInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07250116A JPH07250116A JP6065657A JP6565794A JPH07250116A JP H07250116 A JPH07250116 A JP H07250116A JP 6065657 A JP6065657 A JP 6065657A JP 6565794 A JP6565794 A JP 6565794A JP H07250116 A JPH07250116 A JP H07250116A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- transmission
- data
- temporary storage
- reception
- modulation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
Landscapes
- Digital Transmission Methods That Use Modulated Carrier Waves (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、通信システム、特に高
能率ディジタル変調を用いた通信システムに利用され
る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is used in a communication system, particularly a communication system using high efficiency digital modulation.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来の通信システムでは、伝送路の平均
的な特性によりひとつの変調方式を決め、この変調方式
と伝送路特性により、あらかじめ回線設計を行なう。あ
るいは、文献（小牧省三：「可変容量マイクロ波方式に
関する検討」、電子情報通信学会論文誌、Ｂ−ＩＩ、Ｊ
７３−Ｂ−ＩＩ、Ｎｏ．１０、１９９０年１０月）にあ
るように、伝送路特性の状態に応じて、最適な送信帯域
幅、最適な変調方式を選択して通信を行い、伝送容量の
増大を図る適応変調方式がある。2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional communication system, one modulation method is determined according to the average characteristics of a transmission line, and the line is designed in advance according to this modulation method and the characteristics of the transmission path. Alternatively, the literature (Syozo Komaki: “Variable-capacitance microwave method”), IEICE Transactions, B-II, J
73-B-II, No. 10, October 1990), there is an adaptive modulation method for increasing the transmission capacity by selecting an optimum transmission bandwidth and an optimum modulation method according to the state of the transmission path characteristics to perform communication. .
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】変調方式を固定した場
合には、伝送路状態が良好な場合にも、同じ変調方式で
伝送するため、伝送路が良好な場合に多くの情報が送れ
る変調方式とくらべて、無駄があった。また、適応変調
方式においては、伝送路の状態に応じて、伝送速度が可
変となるため、データ伝送、パケット伝送などへの適用
は、考えられるが、ディジタル符号化した音声の伝送な
どの一定伝送速度で通信を行なう場合には、適用が難し
かった。When the modulation method is fixed, the same modulation method is used for transmission even when the transmission path condition is good, so that a large amount of information can be sent when the transmission path is good. Compared with that, there was no use. In addition, in the adaptive modulation method, the transmission speed is variable depending on the state of the transmission path, so application to data transmission, packet transmission, etc. is conceivable, but constant transmission such as transmission of digitally encoded voice is possible. It was difficult to apply when communicating at speed.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決すための手段】そこで、本発明において
は、伝送路を推定し、その変動に応じて最適な送信用帯
域幅、変調方式を決定し、送信する適応変調方式におい
て、推定した伝送路の情報及び、送信用データが蓄積さ
れている送信側一時記憶部の記憶容量の使用状況の情報
に基づいて送信帯域幅、変調方式を決定し、送信側一時
記憶部のデータを決定された帯域幅、変調方式に基づき
送信し、受信側では、受信側一時記憶部で受信データを
蓄積し、一定速度で出力する。ここで、「推定」とは、
入力した信号から、あらかじめ作成した予測のためのア
ルゴリズムに従った計算を行い、予測することとする。Therefore, in the present invention, a transmission path is estimated, an optimum transmission bandwidth and a modulation scheme are determined according to the fluctuations, and the estimated transmission is performed in an adaptive modulation scheme for transmission. The transmission bandwidth and the modulation method are determined based on the information on the route and the usage status of the storage capacity of the transmission side temporary storage section in which the transmission data is stored, and the data in the transmission side temporary storage section is determined. Transmission is performed based on the bandwidth and the modulation method, and on the reception side, the reception side temporary storage unit accumulates the reception data and outputs it at a constant speed. Here, "estimation" means
From the input signal, the calculation is performed according to a prediction algorithm created in advance, and the prediction is performed.
【０００５】[0005]
【実施例】次に、本発明にかかるデータ伝送方法の基本
原理を図１に基づいて説明する。伝送路推定部１１にお
いて、伝搬路の状態、例えば、受信レベル、遅延波によ
るひずみ等を推定し、この推定値及び、送信側一時記憶
部１４のデータが空になる、または、満杯になるかの使
用状況をもとにして、送信変調方式決定部１２で送信す
る変調方式を決定し、送信部１３では、送信側一時記憶
部１４よりのデータを送信変調方式決定部１２で決定さ
れた通りに変調し、送信する。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, the basic principle of the data transmission method according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the transmission path estimation unit 11, the state of the propagation path, for example, the reception level, the distortion due to the delayed wave, etc. is estimated, and the estimated value and the data in the transmission side temporary storage unit 14 become empty or full. The transmission modulation method determination unit 12 determines the modulation method to be transmitted based on the use status of the transmission side, and the transmission unit 13 uses the data from the transmission side temporary storage unit 14 as determined by the transmission modulation method determination unit 12. Modulate and transmit.
【０００６】適応変調受信部１５では、受信データ及
び、伝搬路の推定値を用いて、送信データを復号する。
復号されたデータは、受信側一時記憶部１６において記
憶され、接続されるシステムの伝送速度に応じたタイミ
ングでデータを出力する。The adaptive modulation receiving section 15 decodes the transmission data using the reception data and the estimated value of the propagation path.
The decoded data is stored in the reception side temporary storage unit 16 and outputs the data at a timing according to the transmission speed of the connected system.
【０００７】ただし、通信を始めるときには、あらかじ
め決めておいた変調方式で通信を行い、その後に上記の
方法に切り換える。However, when the communication is started, the communication is carried out by a predetermined modulation method, and then the above method is switched.
【０００８】また、変調方式を多値直交変調とし、送信
と受信を同一搬送波周波数で時間を分けて交互に伝送を
行なう時分割多重伝送に、本発明を適用した場合につい
て説明する。同一搬送波周波数を用いることにより、受
信信号と送信信号が、ほぼ同様な伝搬路状態になるた
め、送信信号の伝搬路状態を推定することができる。ま
た、以下では、多値直交変調の多値数を変調レベルと呼
ぶ。A case where the present invention is applied to time-division multiplex transmission in which multi-valued orthogonal modulation is used as a modulation system and transmission and reception are alternately performed at the same carrier frequency at different times. By using the same carrier frequency, the reception signal and the transmission signal have almost the same propagation path state, so that the propagation path state of the transmission signal can be estimated. In the following, the multilevel number of multilevel quadrature modulation is referred to as a modulation level.
【０００８】図２に実施例の構成図を示す。アンテナ２
１ａで受信された信号は帯域通過フィルタ部２２ａによ
って帯域外の雑音が除去された後、自動利得調整部２３
により、受信レベル変動を補償する。直交復調部２４で
は、信号処理を行なうため、同相成分及び直交成分に分
離され、各成分ごとに、アナログ・ディジタル変換部２
５ｂ及び、２５ｃによりディジタルデータに変換され
る。変換されたディジタルデータは、それぞれ、適応受
信処理部２６に送られる。適応受信処理部２６では、デ
ィジタル信号処理プロセッサにより、伝搬路状態の推
定、受信信号の歪補償、判定、受信データの出力が行な
われる。送信制御部２７では、適応受信処理部２６から
の推定された伝搬路の状態及びアナログ・ディジタル変
換部２５ａにより変換された自動利得調整部２３よりの
受信強度信号のディジタルデータより、送信変調レベル
を決定し、入力された送信データを変調部に出力する。
変調部２８では、送信制御部２７で決定された変調レベ
ルにより、送信制御部２７に一時記憶された送信データ
を変調する。その後、帯域通過フィルタ部２２ｂで帯域
制限が行なわれ、アンテナ２１ｂより送信される。FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of the embodiment. Antenna 2
The signal received at 1a has its out-of-band noise removed by the bandpass filter unit 22a, and then the automatic gain adjustment unit 23
Compensates for fluctuations in the reception level. Since the quadrature demodulation unit 24 performs signal processing, it is separated into an in-phase component and a quadrature component, and the analog / digital conversion unit 2 is separated for each component.
It is converted into digital data by 5b and 25c. The converted digital data are sent to the adaptive reception processing unit 26, respectively. In the adaptive reception processing unit 26, the digital signal processor performs propagation path state estimation, reception signal distortion compensation, determination, and reception data output. The transmission control unit 27 determines the transmission modulation level from the estimated propagation path state from the adaptive reception processing unit 26 and the digital data of the reception intensity signal from the automatic gain adjustment unit 23 converted by the analog / digital conversion unit 25a. The determined transmission data is output to the modulator.
The modulator 28 modulates the transmission data temporarily stored in the transmission controller 27 according to the modulation level determined by the transmission controller 27. After that, the band pass filter unit 22b performs band limitation, and the signal is transmitted from the antenna 21b.
【０００９】図３に伝送のフレームフォーマットを示
す。パイロットシンボル３２は、フェージングひずみを
補償するための既知信号である。変調レベル情報３３
は、送信した変調レベル示す情報で、常に、４値直交振
幅変調で変調される。情報データ３４は、送られる情報
である。立ち上がり用シンボル３１及び、立ち下がり用
シンボル３５は、それぞれ、フレームの初め及終わりで
の過渡現象による、周波数スペクトルの広がりを防ぐた
めのものである。FIG. 3 shows a frame format for transmission. The pilot symbol 32 is a known signal for compensating for fading distortion. Modulation level information 33
Is information indicating the transmitted modulation level, and is always modulated by quaternary quadrature amplitude modulation. The information data 34 is information to be sent. The rising symbol 31 and the falling symbol 35 are respectively for preventing the spread of the frequency spectrum due to the transient phenomenon at the beginning and end of the frame.
【００１０】図４に適応受信処理部２６の詳細を示す。
フェージング歪推定・補償部４１では、受信信号の同相
成分のディジタル値Ａ及び、直交成分のディジタル値Ｂ
を入力し、既知のパイロットシンボル３２の位置のデー
タを用いて、フェージングのひずみを補償し、同時に得
られるフェージング変動の情報信号Ｃを出力する。上記
の手段は、例えば、送信側において伝送すべき信号の系
列中に定期的に既知のシンボル（パイロットシンボルま
たは、フレームシンボルと呼ばれる）を挿入し、受信側
では、受信されたパイロットシンボルから伝送路のひず
みを検出し、受信信号にその逆の特性の操作をすること
により補償する方法で、文献（三瓶政一：「陸上移動通
信用１６ＱＡＭのフェージングひずみ補償方式」、電子
情報通信学会論文誌、Ｂ−ＩＩ、Ｊ７２−Ｂ−ＩＩ、Ｎ
ｏ．１、１９８９年１月）に示されている。変調方式推
定部４２では、補償後のデータを用いて、４値直交振幅
変調に固定し、図３のフォーマットの場合は、３箇所に
同じデータを用いて信頼性を向上させた変調レベル情報
３３のデータを復号し、変調レベルを決定する。変調レ
ベル情報３３の数は任意であるが、多く用いることによ
り、誤った変調レベルに決定する確率を小さくすること
が出来る。判定部４３では、決定された変調レベルで、
情報データ３４を復号する。受信側一時記憶部４４で
は、復号されたデータを記憶し、音声信号をディジタル
伝送する、データ伝送装置などの接続される伝送速度一
定のシステムのクロック信号Ｄのタイミングで受信側一
時記憶部４４に蓄積されているデータを一定量で出力す
る。FIG. 4 shows the details of the adaptive reception processing unit 26.
The fading distortion estimation / compensation unit 41 has a digital value A of the in-phase component and a digital value B of the quadrature component of the received signal.
Is input, the fading distortion is compensated by using the data of the known position of the pilot symbol 32, and the fading fluctuation information signal C obtained at the same time is output. The above-mentioned means, for example, periodically inserts a known symbol (called a pilot symbol or a frame symbol) in the sequence of signals to be transmitted on the transmitting side, and on the receiving side from the received pilot symbol to the transmission path. Is a method of compensating for the received signal by manipulating the characteristics opposite to that of the received signal (Seihei Sampei: "16QAM Fading Distortion Compensation Method for Land Mobile Communication", IEICE Transactions, B-II, J72-B-II, N
o. 1, January 1989). In the modulation method estimation unit 42, the compensated data is used to fix the quaternary quadrature amplitude modulation. In the case of the format shown in FIG. 3, the same data is used at three places to improve the modulation level information 33. Data is decoded and the modulation level is determined. The number of modulation level information 33 is arbitrary, but by using a large number, the probability of determining an incorrect modulation level can be reduced. In the determination unit 43, at the determined modulation level,
The information data 34 is decrypted. The receiving-side temporary storage unit 44 stores the decoded data in the receiving-side temporary storage unit 44 at the timing of the clock signal D of a system such as a data transmission device for digitally transmitting a voice signal, which is connected to a constant transmission rate such as a data transmission device. The accumulated data is output in a fixed amount.
【００１１】図５に、送信制御部２７の詳細を示す。送
信変調方式決定部５１では、自動利得調整部２３の受信
強度情報Ｆ、適応信号処理部２６からのフェージング変
動情報Ｃ及び、送信側一時記憶部５２の使用状況をもと
にして、送信変調レベルを決定する。この送信レベルの
決定は、送信側一時記憶部５２の使用状況に余裕がある
場合は、受信状態が良好なときには、変調レベルを大き
くし、受信状態がわるいときには変調レベルを小さくす
るように制御される。また、送信側一時記憶の容量が満
杯になりそうな場合には、一定とする伝送速度と同程度
の伝送容量となる変調レベル以下に決定し、空になりそ
うな場合には、一定とする伝送速度と同程度の伝送容量
必要な変調レベル以上に固定する。FIG. 5 shows details of the transmission controller 27. The transmission modulation method determination unit 51 determines the transmission modulation level based on the reception strength information F of the automatic gain adjustment unit 23, the fading fluctuation information C from the adaptive signal processing unit 26, and the usage status of the transmission side temporary storage unit 52. To decide. This determination of the transmission level is controlled to increase the modulation level when the reception state is good and to decrease the modulation level when the reception state is bad, when the use state of the transmission side temporary storage unit 52 has a margin. It Also, if the capacity of the temporary storage on the sending side is likely to be full, it is determined to be equal to or lower than the modulation level at which the transmission capacity is kept constant and the transmission capacity is the same. Transmission capacity comparable to transmission speed Fixed above the required modulation level.
【００１２】図６に、伝送速度１６ｓｙｍｂｏｌ／ｓ、
パイロットシンボル長１シンボル、データ長１５シンボ
ルとし、自動利得調整部が理想的に動作し、伝搬路の推
定は、送信時の変動レベルが理想的に推定できたと仮定
した場合に、従来方式で１６値直交振幅変調（１６ＱＡ
Ｍ、変調シンボル当り４ビット伝送ができる）伝送を行
なった場合と、本発明を適用して、送信停止及び、４値
直交振幅変調（変調シンボル当り２ビット伝送ができ
る）から６４値直交振幅変調（変調シンボル当り５ビッ
ト伝送ができる）を切り替え、バッファが満杯の場合
は、１６ＱＡＭで伝送する方式の場合の平均Ｅｓ／Ｎｏ
（シンボル当りの電力対雑音電力密度比）に対する平均
ビット誤り率特性の計算機シミュレーションによる結果
を示す。FIG. 6 shows a transmission rate of 16 symbol / s,
With a pilot symbol length of 1 symbol and a data length of 15 symbols, the automatic gain adjustment section ideally operates, and the propagation path is estimated by the conventional method, assuming that the fluctuation level at the time of transmission can be estimated ideally. Value quadrature amplitude modulation (16QA
M, 4 bits can be transmitted per modulation symbol) and the present invention is applied to stop transmission and 4-value quadrature amplitude modulation (2 bits per modulation symbol can be transmitted) to 64-value quadrature amplitude modulation. If the buffer is full when 5 bits can be transmitted per modulation symbol and the buffer is full, the average Es / No in the case of transmission with 16QAM
The result of the computer simulation of the average bit error rate characteristic with respect to (power to noise power density ratio per symbol) is shown.
【００１３】従来の変調方式を１６ＱＡＭに固定した方
式を適用した場合を○印、本発明を適用した場合を●印
で示す。また、伝搬路モデルとしては、レイリー分布を
する一様フェージングを用い、フェージングの最大ドッ
プラ周波数は４０Ｈｚとした。The case where the conventional modulation method fixed to 16QAM is applied is indicated by a circle, and the case where the present invention is applied is indicated by a circle. Further, as the propagation path model, uniform fading with Rayleigh distribution was used, and the maximum Doppler frequency of fading was set to 40 Hz.
【００１４】図６より、本発明を適用すると平均Ｅｓ／
Ｎｏが２０ｄＢ付近、すなわち、平均誤り率が大きいと
きの誤り率が大幅に改善されることがわかる。これは、
誤り訂正符号化による改善方式、空間ダイバーシチ、周
波数ダイバーシチ及び、時間ダイバーシチなどにはない
特徴である。伝搬路状態の推定方式を変更することによ
り、異なった平均Ｅｓ／Ｎｏでの特性も改善できる。From FIG. 6, when the present invention is applied, the average Es /
It can be seen that the error rate is significantly improved when No is around 20 dB, that is, when the average error rate is large. this is,
This is a feature not found in the improvement method by error correction coding, space diversity, frequency diversity, and time diversity. By changing the propagation path state estimation method, the characteristics at different average Es / No can be improved.
【００１５】なお、上記では、無線伝送の場合について
説明しているが、有線伝送においても、伝送路の特性が
変化する場合には、本発明の適用が可能である。Although the case of wireless transmission has been described above, the present invention can also be applied to wired transmission when the characteristics of the transmission path change.
【００１６】[0016]
【発明の効果】本発明により、適応変調方式に伝送速度
の調節機能を付加することにより、伝送速度が一定のシ
ステムへの適用が可能になった。従って、従来の適応変
調方式では困難だった音声伝送などの通信が行えるよう
になった。また、変調方式を固定とする方式との比較に
おいては、誤り率の改善ができる。このため、少ない電
力で、高能率な通信回線を実現できる。As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to apply the present invention to a system having a constant transmission rate by adding a function of adjusting the transmission rate to the adaptive modulation system. Therefore, it has become possible to perform communication such as voice transmission, which was difficult with the conventional adaptive modulation method. In addition, the error rate can be improved in comparison with the system in which the modulation system is fixed. Therefore, a highly efficient communication line can be realized with a small amount of power.
【図１】 本発明の構成図である。FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of the present invention.
【図２】 本発明の実施例の構成図である。FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】 伝送フレームフォーマットである。FIG. 3 is a transmission frame format.
【図４】 本発明の適応受信処理部の詳細な構成図であ
る。FIG. 4 is a detailed configuration diagram of an adaptive reception processing unit of the present invention.
【図５】 本発明の送信制御部の詳細な構成図である。FIG. 5 is a detailed configuration diagram of a transmission control unit of the present invention.
【図６】 本発明を適用した場合のフェージング条件下
におけるビット誤り率特性である。FIG. 6 is a bit error rate characteristic under fading conditions when the present invention is applied.
１１ ・・・ 伝送路推定部 １２ ・・・ 送
信変調方式決定部 １３ ・・・ 送信部 １４ ・・・ 送
信側一時記憶部 １５ ・・・ 適応変調受信部 １６ ・・・ 受
信側一時記憶部 ２１ａ ・・・ 受信アンテナ ２１ｂ ・・・ 送
信アンテナ ２２ａ ・・・ 帯域通過フィルタ部 ２２ｂ ・・・ 帯
域通過フィルタ部 ２３ ・・・ 自動利得調整部 ２４ ・・・ 直
交復調部 ２５ａ ・・・ アナログ・ディジタル変換部 ２５ｂ ・・・ アナログ・ディジタル変換部 ２５ｃ ・・・ アナログ・ディジタル変換部 ２６ ・・・ 適応受信処理部 ２７ ・・・ 送
信制御部 ２８ ・・・ 変調部 ３１ ・・・ 立ち上がり用シンボル ３２ ・・・ 変
調レベル情報シンボル ３３ ・・・ パイロットシンボル ３４ ・・・ 情報
データシンボル ３５ ・・・ 立ち下がり用シンボル ４１ ・・・ フェージング歪推定・補償部 ４２ ・・・ 変調方式推定部 ４３ ・・・ 判
定部 ４４ ・・・ 受信側一時記憶部 ５１ ・・・ 送信変調方式決定部 ５２ ・・・ 送
信側一時記憶部11 ... Transmission path estimation unit 12 ... Transmission modulation method determination unit 13 ... Transmission unit 14 ... Transmission side temporary storage unit 15 ... Adaptive modulation reception unit 16 ... Reception side temporary storage unit 21a・ ・ ・ Reception antenna 21b ・ ・ ・ Transmission antenna 22a ・ ・ ・ Band pass filter unit 22b ・ ・ ・ Band pass filter unit 23 ・ ・ ・ Automatic gain adjustment unit 24 ・ ・ ・ Quadrature demodulation unit 25a ・ ・ ・ Analog / digital conversion Part 25b ・ ・ ・ Analog / digital converter 25c ・ ・ ・ Analog / digital converter 26 ・ ・ ・ Adaptive reception processor 27 ・ ・ ・ Transmission controller 28 ・ ・ ・ Modulator 31 ・ ・ ・ Rising symbol 32 ・ ・Modulation level information symbol 33 ... Pilot symbol 34 ... Information data symbol 35 ... Falling symbol 41・ ・ ・ Fading distortion estimation / compensation unit 42 ・ ・ ・ Modulation method estimation unit 43 ・ ・ ・ Judgment unit 44 ・ ・ ・ Reception side temporary storage unit 51 ・ ・ ・ Transmission modulation method determination unit 52 ・ ・ ・ Transmission side temporary storage unit
Claims (1)
送信の帯域幅、変調方式を決定し、送信する適応変調方
式において、推定した伝送路の情報及び、送信用データ
が蓄積されている送信側一時記憶部の記憶容量の使用状
況の情報に基づいて送信帯域幅、変調方式を決定し、送
信側一時記憶部のデータを決定された帯域幅、変調方式
に基づき送信し、受信側では、受信側一時記憶部で受信
データを蓄積し、一定速度で出力することを特徴とする
データ伝送方法。1. An adaptive modulation method in which a transmission path is estimated, an optimum transmission bandwidth and a modulation method are determined according to the fluctuation, and the estimated transmission path information and transmission data are accumulated in the adaptive modulation method. The transmission bandwidth and modulation method are determined based on the information on the usage status of the storage capacity of the transmission side temporary storage section, and the data in the transmission side temporary storage section is transmitted and received based on the determined bandwidth and modulation method. On the side, the data transmission method is characterized in that the reception side temporary storage unit accumulates the reception data and outputs it at a constant speed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6065657A JP2852408B2 (en) | 1994-03-09 | 1994-03-09 | Data transmission method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6065657A JP2852408B2 (en) | 1994-03-09 | 1994-03-09 | Data transmission method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07250116A true JPH07250116A (en) | 1995-09-26 |
| JP2852408B2 JP2852408B2 (en) | 1999-02-03 |
Family
ID=13293301
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6065657A Expired - Lifetime JP2852408B2 (en) | 1994-03-09 | 1994-03-09 | Data transmission method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2852408B2 (en) |
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