JPH07246987A - Underwater sightseeing boat - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an underwater sightseeing boat by which propulsion resistance, oscillation at the time of sailing can be decreased, occurrence of air bubbles at sea is prevented, and the course keeping property can be improve, and in which objects not only under the water, but also near the surface of the water can be seen from observation windows. CONSTITUTION:Float tanks 2 extending along a main hull 1 are provided on both sides of the upper part of the main hull 1 having observation windows 3 on the side surfaces, and the float tanks 2 are positioned above a draft line A.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an underwater sightseeing boat for observing fish and seabed in the sea.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, many underwater sightseeing boats have an observation window on the bottom of the ship, but in recent years, a semi-submersible underwater sightseeing boat having an observation window on the ship side is known (Japanese Patent Publication No. 1027
No. 8). As shown in FIG. 8, this underwater sightseeing boat is provided with observation windows 3 on both lower sides of a main hull 1 constituting an underwater cabin 1a, and float tanks 2, 2 are provided on both upper sides of the main hull 1. This float tank 2,
No. 2 is provided to secure the invincibility when the observation window is damaged and the underwater visual field.

[0003]

However, this underwater sightseeing boat has many problems as described below because the float tanks greatly extend to the left and right sides of the main hull, and the water in the float tanks is shallow. ing. Since the water surface of the float tank is wide, the resistance when sailing is large and the required horsepower is very large. Therefore, a large horsepower is required to speed up.

Since the water surface of the float tank is wide, it is easily affected by waves and shakes better than ordinary ships,
Easy to get seasick. Since the water in the float tank is shallow, it is easy to take in air from the front of the float tank, and the outside of the observation window cannot be seen well due to the bubbles of air taken in except when running at low speed.

[0005] The width of the ship is widened by the amount of the float tanks that extend to the left and right sides, and the needle retention is poor. The bottom of the float tank is below the surface of the water, so you can see it well in the water, but you cannot see near the surface of the water. The above-mentioned problems (1) to (3) are caused by the fact that the float tank has a wide width and the water used for drinking is shallow.

The present invention was devised in order to solve the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks, and its purpose is to reduce propulsion resistance during traveling, reduce sway, and prevent generation of bubbles during navigation. In addition to improving the needle-holding ability, the aim is to provide an underwater sightseeing boat that allows you to see not only underwater from the observation window, but also near the water surface.

[0007]

The underwater sightseeing boat of the present invention which can achieve the above object has float tanks extending along the main hull on both upper sides of the main hull having an observation window on the lower side surface. In addition to being provided, the float tank is located above the water-drain line (A).

[0008]

[Function] Since the wide float tank is not in contact with the surface of the water, the propulsion resistance at the time of traveling is greatly reduced, and the propulsion horsepower can be reduced accordingly. In addition, since the float tank does not receive waves in normal waves, swaying due to waves is reduced and seasickness is reduced. Also, since air is not entrained from the front of the float tank, you can see the water well even at high speeds.
In addition, since the width of the boat on the Dashi Line is narrowed, the needle retention property is improved. Furthermore, since there is no float tank on the water surface, you can see not only underwater but also near the water surface.

[0009]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the main hull 1 that constitutes the underwater cabin 1a is located at the center of the hull, and a float tank 2 is provided on each of both upper sides of the main hull. This main hull 1
The observation windows 3 on the left and right side wall plates 6 that make up the lower part of the
Is provided.

Further, the main hull 1 is provided at its center with a passage 9 which is one step higher than the floor surface 7. As shown in FIG. 3, the passage 9 is arranged in the longitudinal direction of the main hull 1, and benches 10 are provided on both sides of the passage 9. Then, the passenger B sits on the bench 10 so as to face the observation window 3 and views the underwater scenery from the observation window 3.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, stairs 11 leading to the upper deck 4 are arranged at the front and rear ends of the underwater cabin 1a so that passengers can get in and out of the underwater cabin 1a. A steering room 14 is provided on the upper deck 4. The float tank 2 is divided by a partition wall 12, 13 into an engine room 18, a front compartment 19, and a central compartment 20. In the engine room 18, a main engine 15 for driving a propulsion device 15 'is installed. There is. If desired, the inside of the main hull 1 may also be partitioned by the partition walls 12a and 13a.
In the figure, reference numeral 5 indicates the bottom of the main hull 1.

The present invention is greatly different from the conventional underwater sightseeing boat in three points. The first point is that the lower surface 16 of the float tank is located above the dwarf line A by a height D. It is the point where 2 is arranged. By doing so, since the float tank 2 does not come into contact with the water surface, propulsive horsepower can be reduced, less shaking can be seen, and the underwater can be clearly seen, and an underwater sightseeing ship with good needle retention can be realized at low cost.

However, by arranging the float tank 2 above the water line A, the ship width on the water line A becomes small and the restoring force becomes small. Therefore, in the present invention,
The ratio F / E of the width F of the main hull 1 on the water line A to the ship width E including the float tank 2 is set to about 0.6, and the width F of the main hull 1 on the water line A is made relatively large to restore stability. Has been secured.

As described above, the restoring force greatly changes depending on the ship width E including the float tank 2, but as a general guideline, there is a ship length / ship width ratio, and in a normal ship, this ratio is about 4 to. Since it is about 6, even in the present invention, if the ratio of the width of the main hull in the master / dwarf line A is 4 to 6, it was judged that the stability can be secured. Now, the captain is J, and the waterway line A
Letting F be the width of the main hull at J / E = 2.5, J / F = 6.25 when F / E = 0.4 J / F = 6.25 J / F = 7.5 when F / E = 0.4 J / E = 4, F / E = 0.4 J / F = 10 J / E = 2.5, F / E = 0.5 J / F = 5.0 (*) J / E = 3 Then, when F / E = 0.5, J / F = 6.0 (*) When J / E = 4, when F / E = 0.5 J / F = 8.0 J / E = 2.5, F When /E=0.6 J / F = 4.2 (*) When J / E = 3, when F / E = 0.6 J / F = 5.0 (*) When J / E = 4, F / E = 0.6 When J / F = 6.7 J / E = 2.5, when F / E = 0.7 J / F = 3.6 When J / E = 3, when F / E = 0.7 J / F = 4.3 (*) When J / E = 4, when F / E = 0.7 J / F = 5.7 (*) When J / E = 2.5, when F / E = 0.8 J / F = 3.1 J / E = 3, When F / E = 0.8, J / F = 3.7 J / E = 4, and when F / E = 0.8, J / F = 5.0 (*).

Therefore, if F / E = 0.4 or less, the stability is insufficient. Therefore, the range of F / E = 0.5 to 0.7 is preferable. The second point is that the cross-sectional area of the float tank 2 is increased. When the float tank 2 is arranged above the waterline A, the sinking amount of the hull increases when the observation window 3 is damaged and the underwater cabin 1a is flooded. First, it sinks to the lower surface 16 of the float tank, and then sinks until the volume of the submerged water and the volume of the non-submerged portion below the water line H after subsidence are balanced.

It is unavoidable to sink to the bottom surface 16 of the float tank, but as a measure to reduce the amount of sinking thereafter,
According to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, the partition wall 8 for partitioning the main hull 1 and the float tank 2 is arranged inward from the upper end portion 60 of the lower side wall plate 6 of the main hull 1 by a dimension C, and The cross-sectional area is increasing. The lower portion 8'of the partition wall 8 may be inclined so that the passenger B's head is not hit.

Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 8, the partition wall 8 is located on the vertical extension line of the lower side wall 6 of the main hull 1, and there is no consideration as in the present invention. The third feature is that the passage 9 is raised one step higher than the floor 7 of the main hull 1. As shown in Figure 1,
Since the height G of the passage 9 is almost the same as the height D from the lower surface 16 of the float tank to the waterline A, even if the observation window 3 is damaged and the waterline H after sinking is reached, the passenger B The difference I between the height and the water line H will be sufficiently secured. Common sense says that the height G of the passage is 1 of the height D of the float tank.
If there is about 2-1 to 2 times, there is no problem in safety.

Further, if the lower part of the passage 9 is made into a watertight section, the amount of water inundated when the observation window is damaged is reduced and there is an advantage that the safety is enhanced. On the other hand, conventionally, the passenger is seated on the chair 21 facing forward and bent outward at a right angle, but in the present invention, the passenger B is placed on the bench 10 so as to face the observation window 3. It is possible to view the water through the observation window 3 in the same posture while sitting down, so that it is easier to see than before.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. In order to reduce the amount of subsidence at the time of flooding, as shown in FIG. 4, the lower surface 16 of the float tank may be inclined obliquely upward from the position of the water line A to further increase the cross-sectional area of the float tank 2. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the lower surface 16 of the float tank may be tilted obliquely upward from a position slightly higher than the position of the waterline A.

In the examples so far, the installation position of the observation window 3 is submerged, but it is also possible to arrange the observation window 3 so that the upper part of the window appears above the water surface, as shown in FIG. In this case, it may be interesting not only to see underwater, but also to see the water surface and the water surface. However, if the lower surface 16 of the float tank is below the surface of the water, the view on the surface of the water is blocked by the float tank 2, and the scenery on the surface of the water or the surface of the water cannot be seen. Therefore, when the waves are quiet, it may be better for the lower surface 16 of the float tank to be under water. In this case, it is preferable that the float tank 2 be provided with a pouring / discharging means (not shown) so that the lower surface 16 of the float tank 2 is below the water surface.

FIG. 7 shows an example in which a fixed ballast 17 is mounted under the passage 9 to increase the restoring force. By adopting this method, the width F'of the main hull 1 on the water line A
Can be made smaller than the width F in FIG. The present invention may appear similar to a conventional underwater sightseeing ship (see FIG. 8) having a large amount of fixed ballasts 17 'mounted on the bottom of the main hull 1, but is substantially different, and As described above, it is significant to mount the fixed ballast on the bottom of the ship only when the float tank 2 is on the water surface.

That is, in the past, the ship length / width ratio, which is a measure of the restoring force, was abnormally large at 2.5, and the width was extremely large relative to the length. In a normal ship, this value is about 4-8. As described above, since the stability increases with the square of the ship width ratio, the conventional underwater sightseeing boat has an abnormally wide boat shape, and therefore the stability also increases abnormally.

However, since a larger amount of fixed ballast is installed on the bottom of the ship and the center of gravity is lowered, the restoring force becomes excessive. The rolling period of the ship is inversely proportional to the square root of the restoring force, so if the restoring force becomes large, the rolling period becomes short, the rolling period becomes short, and the acceleration due to the shaking becomes extremely large, resulting in a very uncomfortable ship. . If the acceleration of shaking is large, not only will sea sickness increase, but it will also be dangerous, and outfitting on board will also need to be strong in terms of strength. It uses a design method that makes it smaller (decreases the ship width or raises the center of gravity) and lengthens the rolling period.

[0024] In this respect, Australian State No. 31407 /
No. 84, in which ballast water is put in a float tank to increase the amount of stuttering water without lowering the center of gravity,
As shown in JP-A-3-102594, a method of mounting a fixed ballast on the lower portion of the float tank is also an appropriate means. However, since the underwater sightseeing boat disclosed in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 5-10278 employs the reverse of the ship design method, it has an excessive stability and has a very short rolling cycle, which makes it uncomfortable to ride. ing. Although the actual ship of this example is constructed, it is said to be a ship that sways very well in actual operation, and when there is a wave, there is a great deal of swaying, and passengers on the upper deck feel scared. This shows that the above theory is correct.

As described above, it is judged that a ship having a wide width has a great stability in resilience, and that mounting a fixed ballast on the bottom of the ship is a demerit and has no merit at all. On the other hand, in the present invention, since the float tank is on the water-drain line and the width of the water-drain portion is small and the restoring force is small, it is extremely advantageous to mount the fixed ballast on the bottom of the ship, and the purpose and the effect are matched. It is what

[0026]

As described above, according to the present invention, since the float tank is not in contact with the water surface, the propulsion resistance at the time of traveling is reduced, and the required horsepower can be reduced accordingly. Further, according to the present invention, the influence of waves is reduced and the shaking is significantly reduced. Further, according to the present invention, the generation of air bubbles during traveling is small, and the outside can be seen well from the observation window even when traveling at high speed.

Further, according to the present invention, the width of the water-driving portion is narrowed, and the needle-holding property is remarkably improved. Further, according to the present invention, since the float tank is above the water surface, not only underwater but also near the water surface can be seen well.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view taken along line I-I of FIG.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of an underwater sightseeing boat according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the underwater sightseeing ship according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the underwater sightseeing boat according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the underwater sightseeing boat according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the underwater sightseeing ship according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional underwater sightseeing ship.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Main hull 2 Float tank 3 Observation window A Drain line

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A float tank extending along the main hull is provided on both upper sides of the main hull having an observation window on a lower side surface thereof, and the float tank is positioned above the water-drain line (A). Underwater sightseeing boat. 2. The width (F) of the main hull on the water line (A)
The underwater sightseeing ship according to claim 1, wherein the ratio (F / E) between the ship width and the ship width (E) including the float tank is 0.5 or more. 3. The underwater sightseeing boat according to claim 1, wherein the partition wall for partitioning the main hull and the float tank is protruded into the main hull by a dimension (C) from the upper end of the lower side wall plate of the main hull. . 4. The floor of the main hull is provided with a passage one step higher than the floor, and the height (G) of the passage is the height (D) from the bottom surface of the float tank to the waterline surface (A). The underwater sightseeing boat according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the half or more of the above. 5. The underwater sightseeing boat according to claim 1, wherein the lower surface of the float tank is an inclined surface which is inclined obliquely upward. 6. A partition wall provided in front of and behind the main hull,
Underwater sightseeing boat described in 2, 3, 4 or 5. 7. The underwater sightseeing boat according to claim 1, wherein the float tank is provided with means for pouring and draining ballast water. 8. The underwater sightseeing boat according to claim 4, wherein a watertight section is provided under the passage. 9. The underwater sightseeing boat according to claim 4, wherein a fixed ballast is mounted below the passage.