JPH07240621A - Antenna device and power feeding device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an antenna device capable of suppressing radiation from a power feeding line, suppressing an unnecessary parallel plane mode and feeding power to a radiation conductor with improved coupling efficiency by a simple structure. CONSTITUTION:A first ground conductor plate 1, a first substrate 2, a resonator 3 provided with the power feeding line 12, a second substrate 4, a second ground conductor plate 5 provided with a coupling hole 8 in a size less than a half wavelength, a third substrate 6 and the radiation conductor 7 are turned to a multilayer substrate in an order and a first microstrip antenna 10 provided kith the first ground conductor plate, the first substrate and the resonator provided with the power feeding line is resonated and is electromagnetically coupled with the radiation conductor 7 of a second microstrip antenna 11 provided with the second ground conductor plate 5, the third substrate 6 and the radiation conductor 7 through the coupling hole 8 provided on the second ground conductor plate 5 from the resonator 3.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electromagnetically coupled antenna for feeding power by a triplate line, and a power feeding device having a multilayer substrate structure using the antenna.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for example, PL Sullivan and DHS
chaubert: ■ Analysis of an Aperture Coupled Micros
trip Antenna ■, IEEE Transaction on Antenna and Pr
opagation, Vol.AP-34, No.8, pp.977-984, (Aug. 1986), there is an electromagnetic coupling type antenna, and FIG. 16 is a schematic configuration diagram shown in the above document. In the figure, 1 is a ground conductor plate, 2 is a first dielectric substrate, 9 is a strip conductor, and a microstrip line 15 is formed from the ground conductor plate 1, the first dielectric substrate 2, and the strip conductor 9 described above. I am configuring. 4 is a second dielectric substrate, 7 is a radiation conductor,
The second dielectric substrate 4, the radiation conductor 7, and the ground conductor plate 1 constitute a microstrip antenna 10. 8
Is a slot for feeding the radiation conductor 7 of the microstrip antenna 10.

Next, the operation will be described. The microstrip line 15 serving as a power supply line has a coupling hole (slot) 8
Electromagnetically coupled to the radiation conductor 7 via. In this case, by setting the length from the center of the slot to the open end of the microstrip line to 1/4 wavelength, the magnetic field is maximized in the slot, and it is strongly coupled to the radiation conductor. This radiating conductor resonates and the supplied electric wave is radiated into space.

Further, FIG. 17 shows an electromagnetic coupling type micro-power source which is fed by a conventional triplate type strip line as shown in B-113, pp.2-113 (1911), Proceedings of the Spring National Conference of the Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers. It is a sectional view of a multilayer substrate showing a strip antenna. In the figure, 1 is a ground conductor plate, 2 is a first dielectric substrate, 4 is a second dielectric substrate, 5 is a second ground conductor plate, and 9 is a ground conductor plate.
Is a strip conductor. The ground conductor plate 1, the first dielectric substrate 2, the second dielectric substrate 4, the second ground conductor plate 5,
Strip conductor 9 to triplate strip line 1
Make up 2. Reference numeral 8 is a coupling slot provided on the ground conductor plate. 6 is a third dielectric substrate, and 7 is a radiation conductor. The second ground conductor plate 5 and the microstrip antenna 10 are configured. Reference numeral 34 is a cavity, and 35 is a through hole.

In the conventional microstrip antenna shown in FIG. 16, the microstrip line 15 is used for power feeding. This structure does not require soldering as compared with the case where power is fed from the back surface by a pin, and since the antenna and the power feeding circuit are separated via the ground conductor plate, they have characteristics that they do not affect each other's characteristics. However, the radiation from the microstrip line of the feed line is large. Therefore, in order to suppress the radiation from the feeding line on the back surface, FIG. 17 shows an example of feeding by using a triplate type strip line. However, when power is supplied by a normal triplate strip line, only one of the currents flowing through both ground conductor plates of the triplate strip line contributes to the coupling with the slot, and the other current It will be reflected. For this reason, there is a problem in that matching cannot be achieved and the bond is weak. Therefore,
Both ground conductor plates sandwiching the strip line are connected by a through hole 35 near the slot. As a result, the current flowing through both ground conductor plates flows only in the ground conductor plates on the side where the slots are formed, and wideband characteristics with less reflection can be obtained. Further, the other ground conductor plate is also provided with the slot 8 and the cavity 34 of the 1/4 wavelength is provided therein, so that the configuration becomes symmetrical, the current flowing through the through hole becomes strong, and the coupling to the microstrip antenna 10 becomes strong. Become. Therefore, the radio wave propagating through the triplate-type strip line excites the microstrip antenna via the slot, and the radio wave is radiated into the space.

FIG. 18 is a sectional view of a multilayer substrate showing a conventional slot antenna shown in Proceedings of the IEICE General Conference, 656, pp.3-109 (1982). In the figure, 35 is a through hole, 37 is a connection conductor of a strip conductor, and 39 is a radiation slot.

Next, the operation will be described. A slot antenna is used as a radiating element, and a triplate-type strip line including an RF signal circuit such as a circulator, a monopulse comparator, a mixer, and a distributor is formed, and these are formed into a multilayer substrate structure. Radio waves are these RF
It is radiated from the slot via the signal circuit. A large number of through holes are used to connect between the substrates. Also, a large number of through holes are formed around the slot antenna to form a cavity.

[0008]

A conventional microstrip antenna, in which a microstrip line is electromagnetically fed to a radiation conductor through a slot, is as follows.
The method of feeding power from the back side of the radiation conductor by a coaxial line or the like is easy to manufacture without requiring soldering, but there is a problem that the radiation from the microstrip line is large and the antenna gain is reduced. On the other hand, the conventional tri-plate type strip line electromagnetically feeding to the radiation conductor through the slot can suppress the radiation from the feeding line, but it can be coupled to the slot of the tri-plate type strip line. Is weak and the ground conductor plates on both sides are connected through holes in the vicinity of the slot, or one ground conductor plate is also provided with a slot and a cavity is provided in that slot to make it a symmetrical structure and strongly couple to the microstrip antenna. However, there is a problem that the structure is complicated and a processing step of through hole connection is added. Further, when the feeding circuit of the antenna device is integrated with the RF signal circuit to form a multi-layer substrate structure, a large number of conductor connections between the substrates are required, and in the case of the slot antenna, the parallel plate mode is also suppressed in the vicinity of the slot. There is a problem that the structure of the power feeding circuit becomes complicated and the manufacturing is extremely difficult because a large number of through holes for connecting the ground conductor plates are required.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and has a simple structure to suppress radiation from a feed line and to suppress unnecessary parallel plate modes to efficiently feed a radiation conductor. The purpose is to obtain an antenna device that can. It is another object of the present invention to obtain a power supply device which has a simple structure, suppresses radiation from a power supply line, suppresses unnecessary parallel plate modes, and connects layers of multilayer substrates.

[0010]

In order to achieve the above object, an antenna device of the invention according to claim 1 is a first ground conductor plate, a first substrate, a resonator having a feed line, and a second ground conductor plate. Substrate, a second ground conductor plate having a coupling hole of a size equal to or less than a half wavelength, a third substrate, and a radiation conductor are sequentially formed into a multilayer substrate, and the first ground conductor plate, the first substrate, and the power feeding A first microstrip antenna having a resonator having a line is caused to resonate, and a second ground conductor plate, a second ground conductor plate, and a second ground conductor plate are connected from the resonator through the coupling hole provided in the second ground conductor plate. 3 substrates,
And the radiation conductor is electromagnetically coupled to the radiation conductor of the second microstrip antenna having the structure.

In the antenna device of the invention according to claim 2, slits are provided in the resonator or the radiation conductor of the antenna device according to claim 1, or in the resonator and the radiation conductor.

The antenna device of the invention according to claim 3 is a polarized wave for directly exciting the radiation conductor by providing a feeding line on the radiation conductor of the second microstrip antenna of the antenna device according to claim 1. The polarized wave for exciting the radiation conductor from the resonator of the first microstrip antenna through the coupling hole is orthogonal to each other.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an antenna device according to the third aspect, wherein the radiating conductor of the antenna device according to the third aspect is rectangular and the length and width are changed.

An antenna device according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is the antenna device according to the third aspect, wherein the third microstrip antenna of the antenna device according to the third aspect is further provided with a fourth substrate and an opening. The ground conductor plates are sequentially provided as a multilayer substrate.

Further, in the antenna device of the invention according to claim 6, the first ground conductor plate, the first substrate, the resonator having the feeding line, the second substrate, and the radiation of a size based on a half wavelength are used. A second ground conductor plate provided with a slot is sequentially used as a multilayer substrate,
Resonating a first microstrip antenna having a resonator having the first ground conductor plate, the first substrate, and a feed line, and electromagnetically coupling the resonator to the radiation slot. It is a thing.

Further, the antenna device of the invention according to claim 7 has one or a plurality of slots separated by a half wavelength from the radiation slot provided in the second ground conductor plate of the antenna device according to claim 6. It is provided.

An antenna device according to an eighth aspect of the present invention is an antenna device according to the sixth aspect, in which an antenna for converting linearly polarized waves into circularly polarized waves is provided above the second ground conductor plate provided with the radiation slot. It is provided with a wave converter.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a power feeding device in which a plurality of microstrip antennas each having a ground conductor plate, a substrate, and a resonator having a power feeding line are provided on a multi-layer substrate to provide the resonance. The resonators are electromagnetically coupled with each other through a coupling hole smaller than a half wavelength provided in the ground conductor plate between the resonators to perform interlayer connection of the multilayer substrate.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the power feeding device according to the ninth aspect, further comprising a connecting conductor for connecting between ground conductor plates of the multilayer substrate of the power feeding device according to the ninth aspect.

The antenna device of the invention according to claim 11 is the first ground conductor plate, the first substrate, the resonator having the feed line, the second substrate, and the opening and the radiation conductor in the opening. Resonating the first microstrip antenna having the second ground conductor plate provided with the above as a multilayer substrate and having the resonator having the first ground conductor plate, the first substrate, and the feed line. Then, the resonator is electromagnetically coupled to the radiation conductor.

[0021]

In the antenna device of the invention according to claim 1 configured as described above, the first ground conductor plate, the first substrate, and the resonator having the feed line are provided.
And resonates the microstrip antenna of the second antenna through the coupling hole provided in the second ground conductor plate from the resonator to the second resonator.
By electromagnetically coupling the ground conductor plate, the third substrate, and the radiation conductor of the second conductor to the radiation conductor of the second microstrip antenna, the radiation from the feeding line can be suppressed with a simple structure. Further, it is possible to suppress unnecessary parallel plate mode and to feed power efficiently from the resonator of the first microstrip antenna to the radiation conductor of the second microstrip antenna.

Further, in the antenna device of the invention according to claim 2, in addition to the function of the structure of the invention according to claim 1, by providing a slit in the resonator or the radiation conductor or in the resonator and the radiation conductor, The resonance frequency is lowered, and the size of the resonator and / or the radiation conductor can be reduced.

Further, in the antenna device of the invention according to claim 3, in addition to the function of the configuration of the invention according to claim 1, a feeding line is provided in the radiation conductor of the second microstrip antenna to directly excite the radiation conductor. By orthogonalizing the polarized wave and the polarized wave that excites the radiation conductor from the resonator of the first microstrip antenna through the coupling hole, the orthogonal polarized wave can be formed with a simple structure.

In addition, in the antenna device of the invention according to claim 4, in addition to the function of the invention of claim 3, the radiation conductor is made rectangular and the length and width are changed, so that orthogonal polarizations of different frequencies are generated. Can be created.

Further, in the antenna device of the invention according to claim 5, in addition to the function of the configuration of the invention according to claim 3, a fourth substrate and an opening are further provided on the radiation conductor of the second microstrip antenna. By providing the multilayer substrate in which the third ground conductor plate having the above is sequentially laminated, it is possible to suppress the radiation from the power feeding line that directly excites the radiation conductor.

Further, in the antenna device of the invention according to claim 6, the first microstrip antenna having the resonator having the first ground conductor plate, the first substrate, and the feed line is resonated. By electromagnetically coupling the resonator to the radiation slot provided in the second ground conductor plate, the radiation from the feed line is suppressed with a simple structure, and
Unnecessary parallel plate mode can be suppressed and power can be efficiently fed from the resonator of the first microstrip antenna to the radiation slot.

Further, in the antenna device of the invention according to claim 7, in addition to the function of the configuration of the invention according to claim 6, one or a plurality of them are separated from the radiation slot provided on the second ground conductor plate by a half wavelength. By providing the slot of, the unnecessary parallel plate mode can be further suppressed.

In addition, in the antenna device of the invention according to claim 8, in addition to the function of the structure of the invention according to claim 6, the linearly polarized wave to the circularly polarized wave is provided above the second ground conductor plate provided with the radiation slot. By providing the polarization converter for converting to, it is possible to obtain circularly polarized waves with good characteristics with a simple structure.

According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, a plurality of microstrip antennas each having a ground conductor plate, a substrate, and a resonator having a power feeding line are provided on a multi-layer substrate to provide the resonance. By electromagnetically coupling the resonators through a coupling hole that is smaller than a half wavelength provided in the ground conductor plate between the resonators, the radiation from the feed line is suppressed with a simple structure, and unnecessary parallel plate mode By suppressing, it is possible to perform interlayer connection of the multilayer substrate with good coupling efficiency between the resonators.

Further, in the power feeding device of the invention according to claim 10, the resonance of the resonator is provided by providing the connecting conductor for connecting the ground conductor plates of the multi-layer substrate in addition to the operation of the structure of the invention according to claim 9. The unnecessary parallel plate mode can be suppressed even if the frequency shifts.

According to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, the first microstrip antenna having the first ground conductor plate, the first substrate, and the resonator having the power feeding line is resonated. Then, by electromagnetically coupling with the radiation conductor in the opening provided in the second ground conductor plate, the radiation from the feed line is suppressed and the unnecessary parallel plate mode is suppressed with a simple structure. Power can be efficiently fed from the resonator of the microstrip antenna 1 to the radiation conductor.

[0032]

【Example】

Example 1. First Embodiment FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a first ground conductor plate, 2 is a first dielectric substrate, 3 is a resonator, 4 is a second dielectric substrate, 5 is a second ground conductor plate, and 6 is a third dielectric substrate. A body substrate, 7 is a radiation conductor, 8 is a coupling hole (slot), and 9 is a strip conductor. First ground conductor plate 1, first dielectric substrate 2, resonator 3
And constitutes the first microstrip antenna 10. The second ground conductor plate 5, the third dielectric substrate 6, and the radiation conductor 7 constitute the second microstrip antenna 11. The first ground conductor plate 1, the first dielectric substrate 2, and the strip conductor 9 form a triplate type stripline 12 (hereinafter referred to as a triplate line). In all of the following examples including this example, the dielectric substrate is used as an example of the substrate forming the multilayer substrate, but the same applies to the case of a semiconductor substrate.

The operating principle of the microstrip antenna will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 2A shows the radiation directivity when one element of the microstrip antenna resonates. Front direction of radiation conductor (θ = 90
The radiation directivity has a maximum value in (1), and there is no or small radiation directivity in the edge direction (θ = 0 °) of the radiation conductor. The reason for this is that, as shown in FIG. 2B, the radiation field of the rectangular microstrip antenna is equivalently replaced by two slots. In the front direction, the radiation fields from the two slots are in phase and have directivity. However, since the element spacing of this slot is about half a wavelength, the phases are opposite in the edge direction and cancel each other, so that the level of radiation in the edge direction becomes small.

Next, a ground conductor plate provided with a coupling hole (slot) above the resonator of the microstrip antenna,
The operation of the antenna device according to the first embodiment, which is provided with a microstrip antenna having another radiation conductor above it, will be described with reference to FIGS. When the first microstrip antenna 10 resonates, it operates as a resonator and stores energy. Further, the radiation directivity is maximized in the front direction, and most of the radio waves are transmitted in the direction of the coupling hole, and are transmitted to the radiation conductor through the coupling hole. If the radiation conductor 7 is dimensioned to resonate, the second microstrip antenna is excited and the radio wave is radiated. That is, when the first microstrip antenna is operated as a resonator, it functions as a feed line and the radiation conductor 7 can be operated as a radiation element.

FIG. 2 (c) shows an equivalent circuit diagram when two microstrip antennas are combined. The two microstrip antennas are represented by R, L, and C parallel resonators, and the slots are represented by L and C parallel circuits.
The first microstrip antenna is electromagnetically coupled to the second microstrip antenna via the slot.

Although the example of one element is shown in the first embodiment,
It goes without saying that the multi-element array antenna is similarly effective. Further, it is also effective if it is formed on a curved surface.

In addition, although an example of feeding by a triplate line has been shown, a suspended line, a slot line with a ground plane,
Power may be supplied by a power supply line such as a coplanar line with a ground plane.

Further, although an example in which a dielectric substrate is used as the multilayer substrate is shown, the same applies to the case of a semiconductor substrate. Also,
It may be an air layer.

Further, as the shape of the resonator 3, an example using a circular microstrip antenna is shown, but the shape may be a square, an ellipse, a ring, a polygon, or the like.

As described above, it is possible to obtain an antenna device having a simple structure, which suppresses radiation from the feeding line and suppresses unnecessary parallel plate mode, and can feed the radiation conductor efficiently.

Example 2. FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a first ground conductor plate, 2 is a first dielectric substrate, 3 is a resonator, 4 is a second dielectric substrate, 5 is a second ground conductor plate, and 6 is a third dielectric substrate. A body substrate, 7 is a radiation conductor, and 9 is a strip conductor. The first ground conductor plate 1, the first dielectric substrate 2, and the resonator 3 constitute the first microstrip antenna 10, and the second ground conductor plate 5, the third dielectric substrate 6, and the radiation conductor 7 are provided. Thus, the second microstrip antenna 11 is configured. The first ground conductor plate 1, the first dielectric substrate 2, and the strip conductor 9 form a triplate line 12. 13 is a dumbbell slot.

Next, the operating principle of the second embodiment will be described. According to the same principle as that of the first embodiment, the radio wave resonated by the resonator 3 is transmitted to the radiation conductor 7 through the dumbbell slot 13.
Here, by setting the size of the radiation conductor to resonate, the radiation conductor 7 is excited and a radio wave is radiated. By using the dumbbell slot, the band of the slot as the coupling portion can be widened, and the input impedance can be widened. Although an example using a dumbbell slot is shown here, a slot shape such as a circular opening may be used. Although the example of one element is shown here, it goes without saying that the present invention is also effective for a multi-element array antenna. Furthermore, the present invention is effective even if it is formed on a curved surface.

Similar to the first embodiment, the present embodiment has a simple structure to suppress the radiation from the feeding line, suppress the unnecessary parallel plate mode, and efficiently feed the radiation conductor.
Moreover, it is possible to obtain an antenna device having a wide input impedance band.

Example 3. FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 21a and 21b are triplate type strip lines, and 22 is a cross slot.

Next, the operation principle will be described. Example 1
The radiation conductor 7 is excited by the same principle as. In the third embodiment, the resonator 3 is provided with two feed lines 21a and 21b, and linear polarized waves orthogonal to each other are given to each, or a circular polarization is excited by giving a phase difference of 90 degrees to the two feed lines. There is an advantage that can be done. Here, an example in which the cross slot is provided in the ground conductor plate is shown, but the same applies to an opening having a shape such as a circular opening. Although the example of one element is shown here, it goes without saying that the present invention is also effective for a multi-element array antenna. Furthermore, the present invention is effective even if it is formed on a curved surface.

Similar to the first embodiment, the present embodiment has a simple structure to suppress the radiation from the feeding line, suppress the unnecessary parallel plate mode, and couple the radiation conductor efficiently.
Moreover, an antenna device for circular polarization can be obtained.

Example 4. FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 32 is a slit provided in the resonator and the radiation conductor plate.

Next, the operation principle will be described. Example 1
Resonator 3 is made to resonate by the same principle. The radiation conductor 7 is excited through the slot 8. In this case, since the resonance frequency is lowered by providing the slit in the resonator 3,
The resonator 3 can be downsized as compared with the case where there is no slit.
Further, even if the radiation conductor is provided with a slit, the size can be similarly reduced. Although the example of one element is shown here, it goes without saying that the present invention is also effective for a multi-element array antenna. Furthermore, the present invention is effective even if it is formed on a curved surface.

Similar to the first embodiment, this embodiment has a simple structure to suppress the radiation from the feeding line and suppress the unnecessary parallel plate mode to feed the radiation conductor efficiently.
In addition, it is possible to obtain an antenna device in which the resonator and the radiation conductor or one of them is miniaturized.

Example 5. FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 20 is a notch provided in the radiating conductor 7 for canceling degeneracy of orthogonal modes for exciting circularly polarized waves.

Next, the operation principle will be described. Example 1
The radiating conductor 7 is excited by the same principle as. A cutout 20 is provided in the radiation conductor 7 to excite the circularly polarized wave. This notch 20 solves the degeneracy of orthogonal modes,
The two resonant frequencies are separated into different modes. By adjusting the size of the notch 20, circularly polarized waves are excited at frequencies where the amplitudes of the two modes are equal and the phase difference is 90 degrees. In this example, the notch 20 is provided to solve the degeneracy, but a method for solving the degeneracy by another shape, for example, a circularly polarized wave is excited even when a slot is provided inside a radiating conductor or a convex or concave portion. It Although the example of one element is shown here, it goes without saying that the present invention is also effective for a multi-element array antenna. Furthermore, the present invention is effective even if it is formed on a curved surface.

Similar to the first embodiment, the present embodiment has a simple structure to suppress the radiation from the feed line, suppress the unnecessary parallel plate mode, and couple the radiation conductor efficiently.
Moreover, an antenna device for circular polarization can be obtained.

Example 6. FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 14 is a strip conductor that constitutes a power supply line that directly excites the radiation conductor 7, and the second ground conductor plate 5 and the third dielectric substrate 6 constitute a microstrip line 15. Reference numeral 25 is a 1/4 wavelength impedance converter, which is for impedance matching between the microstrip line 12 and the first microstrip antenna 10.

Next, the operating principle will be described. Example 1
The radiating conductor 7 is excited from the resonator 3 through the coupling hole 8 on the same principle. In this case, the excited plane of polarization is xz
In-plane (polarized wave 1). Next, the radiation conductor 7 is directly excited by the microstrip line 15 from a position orthogonal to the polarization direction excited by the resonator 3. In this case, since the electric field is zero at the center of the radiating conductor 7 in the position orthogonal to the polarized wave excited from the resonator 3, even if the microstrip line 15 which is a power feeding line is directly connected to this position, the polarized wave is polarized. Does not affect 1. The polarized wave excited by the direct excitation is the yz plane (polarized wave 2), and the polarized waves orthogonal to each other are excited. Since the slot is smaller than a half wavelength and the polarization of the slot is orthogonal to the polarization 2 (the polarization of the slot is the same as the polarization 1), the polarization 2 is the polarization 1
Does not affect Therefore, the polarized waves 1 and 2 do not affect each other, and it is possible to excite the orthogonal linear polarized waves.

Here, by changing the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the square of the radiation conductor 7, it is possible to obtain orthogonal polarized waves of different frequencies.

Similar to the first embodiment, this embodiment has a simple structure to suppress radiation from the feed line, suppress unnecessary parallel plate mode, and efficiently feed power to the radiation conductor.
Moreover, an antenna device for orthogonal polarization can be obtained.

Example 7. FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a seventh embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 16 is a fourth dielectric substrate, 17 is a third ground conductor plate, 18 is a second triplate-type strip line, and 19 is an opening.

Next, the operation principle will be described. Example 6
The two strip lines 12 and 18 excite with linearly polarized waves orthogonal to each other by the same principle as in. Since the feed line 18 for directly exciting the radiation conductor 7 is also a triplate line,
Radiation from the power supply line 18 is also suppressed. Radiation is not affected by setting the size of the opening 19 to be half a wavelength or more.

Similar to the first embodiment, this embodiment has a simple structure to suppress the radiation from the feed line and suppress the parallel plate mode so that the coupling efficiency from the resonator to the radiation conductor can be improved and the power can be fed. It is possible to obtain an antenna device for orthogonal polarization with good cross polarization.

Example 8. FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an eighth embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 39 is a radiation slot.

Next, the operating principle will be described. Normally, when a slot antenna is formed on one side of a triplate line, the triplate line has a symmetrical structure, but has a asymmetric structure at the slot position. Therefore, reflection occurs at the position of the slot due to the unbalanced balance-unbalance. Therefore, by using a resonator at the tip of the line for feeding the slot, energy is stored and the radio wave is efficiently radiated from the slot antenna. The length of the slot antenna is about half a wavelength for resonance.

The shape of the radiation slot may be an elliptical shape, a circular shape or the like other than the rectangular shape. Further, although an example in which there is one radiation slot is shown, the same effect can be obtained by using a plurality of radiation slots. Although the example of one element is shown as the radiating element, it goes without saying that it is also effective in the case of an array antenna.

In this embodiment, it is possible to obtain an antenna device having a simple structure, which suppresses the radiation from the feed line and suppresses the parallel plate mode so that power can be fed with good coupling efficiency from the resonator to the radiation conductor.

Example 9. FIG. 10 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a ninth embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 39 is a radiation slot and 24 is a non-excitation slot.

Next, the principle of operation will be described. Example 8
Similarly, the electric wave excited by the resonator 3 is radiated by exciting a slot antenna provided above the resonator 3. Here, as it deviates from resonance, it is a balanced-unbalanced imbalance, so that radio waves are not emitted and are reflected by the slots. This radio wave which is not emitted becomes an unnecessary parallel plate mode and propagates between both ground conductor plates 1 and 5. Since the mode of this parallel plate freely propagates in the ground conductor plate,
This will deteriorate the characteristics of the antenna.

Therefore, another slot 24 is provided at a position ½ wavelength away from the radiation slot 39 as a reference. Since this slot is not directly excited by the resonator 3, it is a non-excited slot. Radio waves propagated in the parallel plate mode are further reflected due to the discontinuity of the non-excited slots, but since the interval between the slots and the non-excited slots is approximately 1/2 wavelength, the phases are opposite and cancel each other out. do not do. Therefore, since the non-excitation slot cancels the parallel plate mode generated in the slot, unnecessary parallel plate mode can be suppressed, and the coupling efficiency from the resonator to the radiation conductor is improved. As the shape of the radiation slot,
Although an example using a square is shown, the shape may be an ellipse or a circle. Although only one non-excitation slot is shown, the same effect can be obtained by using a plurality of slots. Although an example of one element is shown as the radiating element, it goes without saying that it is also effective in the case of an array antenna. Further, it is also effective to form it on a curved surface.

In the present embodiment, the antenna device capable of suppressing the radiation from the feed line and suppressing the parallel plate mode more than in the eighth embodiment with a simple structure to supply power with good coupling efficiency from the resonator to the radiation conductor. Can be obtained.

Example 10. FIG. 11A is a schematic configuration diagram showing a tenth embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 26 is a meander line.

Next, the operation principle will be described. Example 1
The microstrip antenna 10 is excited by the same principle as in (1), and the linearly polarized radio wave is radiated through the radiation slot 39. A polarization converter (meaner line) is provided above the radiation slot 39 to excite circularly polarized waves. Figure 11
The operating principle is shown in (b). When a radio wave is obliquely incident on the meander line, it can be considered by dividing into a vertical component and a horizontal component. Since the vertical component is capacitive (C property) and the horizontal component is inductive (L property), a phase difference is generated between the vertical component and the horizontal component when passing through the meander line. Circularly polarized waves can be obtained by setting this phase difference to 90 degrees. This is the same principle as the case where the degeneration is released in the resonator to excite the circularly polarized wave. Circularly polarized waves can be easily obtained without unnecessary radiation from the feeder line.

In this embodiment, with a simple structure, the radiation from the feed line is suppressed, the parallel plate mode is suppressed, power can be fed with good coupling efficiency from the resonator to the radiation conductor, and an antenna for circular polarization is used. The device can be obtained.

Example 11. FIG. 12 is a first embodiment of the present invention.
It is a schematic block diagram which shows 1. In the figure, 27 is a fifth dielectric substrate, 28a and 28b are second resonators, 29 is a second radiation conductor, 30 is an amplifier, 31 is a strip line or phase shifter for changing the phase, and 36 is It is a second coupling slot.

Next, the operation principle will be described. The triplate line 12 excites the microstrip antenna 10 via the amplifier 30 according to the same principle as in the first embodiment.
The resonator 3 is connected to the second resonator 28 via the coupling slot 8.
Excite a. The radio wave excites the next second resonator 28b via the strip line connected to the resonator 28a.
The length of the strip line can be changed, or a phase shifter can be connected instead of the strip line to change the phase.
When the second resonator 28b is excited, the second radiation conductor 29 is excited through the second coupling slot 36, and the radio wave is radiated into the space. In the above description, the strip line 12
Microstrip antenna 1 via amplifier 30
Although an example of exciting 0 is shown, the same applies not only to an amplifier but also to an RF signal circuit such as a mixer or a multiplier.

Further, the amplifier and the phase shifter of the microwave circuit can also be formed on the multi-layer substrate, so that a small-sized transceiver can be formed. Here, an example in which an amplifier and a phase shifter are connected has been shown, but not limited to this, a mixer, a multiplier, a comparator,
It is also possible to connect a circulator, an isolator, or the like. Further, although an example in which an amplifier or the like is hybrid-configured on the dielectric substrate is shown here, the semiconductor substrate is MMIC.
It is also possible to reduce the size and easily achieve miniaturization.
In addition, although an example in which power is fed by the triplate line 12 is shown,
The same applies when power is supplied by a suspended line, a slot with a ground plane, a coplanar line with a ground plane, or the like.

In this embodiment, it is possible to obtain a power supply device having a simple structure, which suppresses the radiation from the power supply line and suppresses the unnecessary parallel plate mode to connect the multilayer substrates to each other.

Example 12 FIG. 13 is a first embodiment of the present invention.
It is a schematic block diagram which shows 2. In the figure, 38 is a two-way distributor. The operating principle is almost the same as that of FIG. 12, and the microstrip antenna 10 is excited by the same principle as that of the first embodiment. The resonator 3 is connected to the second resonator 2 via the slot 8.
Excite 8a. Since the ground conductor plate 17 is located above the second resonator 28a, it is not radiated to the outside, and this radio wave is transmitted through the distributor 38, which is a strip line connected to the radiating conductor 28a, to the following two. The second resonator 28b is excited. When the two second resonators 28b are excited, the two second radiating conductors 29 are supplied with electric power to be excited via the two second slots 36 above the respective resonators 28b, and are excited in the space. Radio waves are emitted

Although the eleventh embodiment shows an example of a power feeding device in which two microstrip antennas are formed as resonators on a multilayer substrate and interlayer connection of the multilayer substrates is performed in series.
The twelfth embodiment shows an example of a power feeding device in which three microstrip antennas are formed as resonators on a multi-layer substrate and one of the multi-layer substrates is connected in series and two in parallel.

Similar to the eleventh embodiment, in this embodiment, it is possible to obtain a power supply device having a simple structure that suppresses radiation from the power supply line and suppresses the unnecessary parallel plate mode to connect the multilayer substrates. it can.

Example 13. FIG. 14 is a first embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a cross-sectional view of a multi-layer substrate showing FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the multilayer substrate of FIG.
It is based on a cross-sectional view. In the figure, reference numeral 35 is a connection conductor provided so as to connect the ground conductor plates 1 and 5 and the ground conductor plates 5 and 17 to each other.

Next, the operation principle will be described. Example 1
As in the case of 1, the multi-layer substrate can be connected between layers by electromagnetic coupling even if there is no connecting conductor between the ground conductor plates. However, as the resonance frequency of the resonator deviates, the coupling weakens and the amount of parallel plate modes generated increases. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of the parallel plate mode by connecting the ground conductor plates to each other as connecting conductors, for example, through holes. Connecting the ground conductor plate is superior in reliability to connecting the strip conductor. If the connection conductors (through holes) that connect the strip conductors are cut, reflection occurs and radio wave transmission becomes impossible, but the above-mentioned connection conductors that mutually connect the ground conductor plates are temporarily cut at multiple locations. However, the characteristics are not significantly affected.

Similar to the eleventh embodiment, this embodiment has a simple structure to suppress the radiation from the feed line and suppress the unnecessary parallel plate mode even when the resonance frequency of the resonator is deviated, so that the interlayer of the multilayer substrate can be suppressed. A power supply device to be connected can be obtained.

Example 14 FIG. 15 is a first embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a schematic configuration diagram showing FIG. In the figure, 1 is a first ground conductor plate, 2 is a first dielectric substrate, 3 is a resonator, and 4 is a second.
2 is a second ground conductor plate, and 7 is a radiation conductor provided in the opening of the ground conductor plate.

Next, the operation principle will be described. Example 1
Similarly to the first microstrip antenna resonator 3
The radio wave resonating at is transmitted to the radiation conductor 7. Here, by setting the size of the radiation conductor 7 to resonate, the radiation conductor 7 is excited and a radio wave is radiated. The radiation conductor operates as a parasitic element. Since the second ground conductor plate is provided above the first microstrip antenna, the feed line of the first microstrip antenna is a triplate line, thereby suppressing unnecessary radiation from the feed line 12. The parallel plate mode can also be suppressed. Although the example of one element is shown as the radiation conductor, it goes without saying that it is also effective in the case of an array antenna. Further, it is also effective to form it on a curved surface.

In this embodiment, it is possible to obtain an antenna device having a simple structure that suppresses the radiation from the feeding line and suppresses the unnecessary parallel plate mode and can feed the radiation conductor efficiently.

[0084]

As described above, according to the invention of claim 1, the first microstrip including the first ground conductor plate, the first substrate, and the resonator having the feed line is formed. A second ground conductor plate, a third substrate, and a radiation conductor that resonate the antenna and through the coupling hole provided in the second ground conductor plate from the resonator. (EN) An antenna device that can be electromagnetically coupled to a radiation conductor of a microstrip antenna to suppress radiation from a feed line with a simple structure and suppress unnecessary parallel plate modes to efficiently feed power to a radiation conductor. You can

According to the invention of claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1, a miniaturized antenna is provided with slits in the resonator or the radiation conductor or in the resonator and the radiation conductor. The device can be obtained.

According to the invention of claim 3, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1, a polarized wave for directly exciting the radiation conductor by providing a feeding line on the radiation conductor of the second microstrip antenna. And the polarized wave exciting the radiation conductor from the resonator of the first microstrip antenna through the coupling hole are orthogonal to each other, and the antenna device for orthogonal polarized wave can be obtained with a simple structure.

According to the invention of claim 4, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 3, an antenna device for orthogonal polarization of different frequencies is formed by making the radiation conductor rectangular and changing the length and width. Can be obtained.

According to the invention of claim 5, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 3, a fourth substrate is further provided on the radiation conductor of the second microstrip antenna.
It is possible to obtain the antenna device in which the radiation from the feeding line of the radiation conductor is suppressed by sequentially providing the third ground conductor plate having the opening as the multilayer substrate.

According to the invention of claim 6, the first microstrip antenna having the resonator having the first ground conductor plate, the first substrate, and the feed line is resonated. , Electromagnetically coupling from the resonator to the radiation slot provided in the second ground conductor plate to suppress radiation from the feed line with a simple structure and suppress unnecessary parallel plate mode to the radiation conductor. It is possible to obtain an antenna device capable of feeding power with good coupling efficiency.

According to the invention of claim 7, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 6, one or a plurality of slots are separated from the radiation slot provided in the second ground conductor plate by a half wavelength. Is provided, and an antenna device in which unnecessary parallel plate mode is suppressed can be obtained.

According to the invention of claim 8, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 6, the linear polarized wave is converted into the circular polarized wave on the upper part of the second ground conductor plate provided with the radiation slot. It is possible to obtain an antenna device having a good circular polarization characteristic with a simple structure by providing a polarization converter.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, a plurality of microstrip antennas each having a ground conductor plate, a substrate, and a resonator having a feed line are provided on a multilayer substrate, and the resonator is provided. The resonators are electromagnetically coupled through the coupling holes smaller than half wavelength provided in the ground conductor plate between to suppress the radiation from the feed line, and suppress the unnecessary parallel plate mode between the resonators. It is possible to obtain a power feeding device that can perform interlayer connection of the multilayer substrates with good coupling efficiency and a simple structure.

According to the invention of claim 10,
In addition to the effect of the invention according to claim 9, it is possible to obtain a power supply device that suppresses an unnecessary parallel plate mode even if the resonance frequency of the resonator is deviated by providing a connecting conductor for connecting between ground conductor plates of the multilayer substrate. .

According to the invention of claim 11,
A first microstrip antenna having a resonator having a first ground conductor plate, a first substrate, and a feed line is resonated, and a radiation conductor in an opening provided in the second ground conductor plate. It is possible to obtain an antenna device having a simple structure that suppresses radiation from the feed line, suppresses unnecessary parallel plate mode, and can feed power to the radiation conductor with good coupling efficiency.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the operating principle of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic configuration diagram showing Embodiment 9 of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a schematic configuration diagram showing Embodiment 10 of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an eleventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a schematic configuration diagram showing Embodiment 12 of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a sectional view showing Embodiment 13 of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a schematic configuration diagram showing Embodiment 14 of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a conventional antenna device.

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing another conventional antenna device.

FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view showing another conventional antenna device.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 First Ground Conductor Plate 2 First Dielectric Substrate 3 Resonator 4 Second Dielectric Substrate 5 Second Ground Conductor Plate 6 Third Dielectric Substrate 7 Radiating Conductor 8 Coupling Hole (Slot) 9 Strip Conductor 10 First Microstrip Antenna 11 Second Microstrip Antenna 12 Triplate Type Stripline (Triplateline) 13 Dumbbell Slot 14 Second Strip Conductor 15 Microstripline 16 Fourth Dielectric Substrate 17 Third Ground Conductor plate 18 Second tri-plate line 19 Opening 20 Notches 21a, 21b Tri-plate line 22 Cross slot 23 Circular opening 24 Non-excitation slot 25 λg / 4 impedance converter 26 Meander line 27 Fifth dielectric substrate 28a, 28b 2nd resonator 29 2nd radiation conductor 30 Amplifier 31 Phase vessel 32 slit 33 connecting conductor 34 cavity 35 connected multilayer board connecting conductor 36 a second slot 37 the strip conductors 38 distributor 39 radiating slot

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A first ground conductor plate, a first substrate, a resonator having a feed line, a second substrate, a second ground conductor plate having a coupling hole with a size of half a wavelength or less, and a third substrate. The substrate and the radiation conductor are sequentially formed into a multilayer substrate, and the first microstrip antenna configured by including the resonator having the first ground conductor plate, the first substrate, and the feed line is resonated, and the resonance is performed. From the container to the radiation conductor of the second microstrip antenna having the second ground conductor plate, the third substrate, and the radiation conductor through the coupling hole provided in the second ground conductor plate. An antenna device characterized by being electromagnetically coupled. 2. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein slits are provided in the resonator or the radiation conductor or in the resonator and the radiation conductor. 3. A polarized wave for directly exciting the radiation conductor by providing a feeding line on the radiation conductor of the second microstrip antenna, and connecting the radiation conductor from the resonator of the first microstrip antenna through a coupling hole. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the polarized wave to be excited is orthogonal to the polarized wave to be excited. 4. The antenna device according to claim 3, wherein the radiating conductor is rectangular and the length and width are changed. 5. A third substrate having a fourth substrate and an opening provided on the radiation conductor of the second microstrip antenna.
4. The antenna device according to claim 3, wherein the ground conductor plates are sequentially provided as a multilayer substrate. 6. A first ground conductor plate, a first substrate, a resonator having a feed line, a second substrate, and a second ground conductor plate provided with a radiation slot having a size based on a half wavelength. As a multi-layered substrate in order, and a first microstrip antenna configured by including a resonator having the first ground conductor plate, the first substrate, and a feed line is caused to resonate. An antenna device characterized by being electromagnetically coupled to. 7. The antenna device according to claim 6, wherein one or a plurality of slots are provided at a distance of a half wavelength from a radiation slot provided on the second ground conductor plate as a reference. 8. The antenna device according to claim 6, wherein a polarization converter for converting linearly polarized waves into circularly polarized waves is provided above the second ground conductor plate provided with the radiation slots. 9. A half-wavelength provided on a ground conductor plate between the resonators by providing a plurality of microstrip antennas having a resonator having a ground conductor plate, a substrate, and a feed line on a multilayer substrate. A power feeding device characterized in that the resonators are electromagnetically coupled to each other through a smaller coupling hole to perform interlayer connection of the multilayer substrate. 10. The power feeding device according to claim 9, further comprising a connecting conductor for connecting between ground conductor plates of the multilayer substrate. 11. A first ground conductor plate, a first substrate, a resonator having a feed line, a second substrate, and an opening and a second ground conductor plate provided with a radiation conductor in the opening in order. A first microstrip antenna, which is a multilayer substrate and has a resonator having the first ground conductor plate, the first substrate, and a feed line, is caused to resonate, and electromagnetic waves are emitted from the resonator to the radiation conductor. An antenna device characterized in that the antenna devices are coupled to each other.