JPH07224676A - Plasma engine driven vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a plasma engine driven vehicle that is able to dispense with the use of any fuel of petroleum energy or the like and very low in running cost and that discharges no pollutive matter at all. CONSTITUTION:A plasma engine driving a vehicle, seals a working fluid, consisting of discharging gas being permanently usable, in an operating chamber 12a of a housing 12, setting up two main electrode means 16a and 16b in a discharging chamber, and feeds these main electrode means with high voltage from a pulse discharge power source 18, thereby making it discharge in the working fluid, and thus driving force is imparted to a piston 14.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vehicle, and more particularly to a vehicle driven by a plasma engine as a next-generation engine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a vehicle driven by an engine,
Motor vehicles or vehicles such as ships and aircraft consume a large amount of energy such as gasoline, light oil, heavy oil, and LP gas, so the operating cost is high, and the pollution of a large amount of pollutants is emitted to rapidly destroy the global environment. Was.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an earth-friendly plasma engine driven vehicle that does not require conventional petroleum-based energy, has a very low operating cost and does not generate any pollution.

[0004]

The vehicle of the present invention comprises a vehicle body having a propulsion device, a plasma engine for driving the propulsion device,
With a battery that stores a part of the output of the engine,
A plasma engine has a housing having a working chamber having an arc-shaped portion enclosing a working medium made of a discharge gas, a discharge chamber communicating with the working chamber, and a rotary piston rotatably housed in the working chamber and having a pressure receiving surface. And a pulse discharge power supply that converts the voltage of the battery to generate a high voltage pulse, and a high voltage pulse from the pulse discharge power supply causes arc discharge in the working medium to expand and drive force on the pressure receiving surface of the rotary piston. The above-mentioned object is achieved by the provision of a discharge means for providing.

The above object is provided with a vehicle body having a propulsion device, a plasma engine for driving the propulsion device, and a battery for accumulating a part of the output of the engine, and the plasma engine encloses a working medium containing a discharge gas. A rotor housing having a working chamber having an arcuate portion and a discharge chamber communicating with the working chamber and acting as an expansion chamber, a turbine rotor rotatably housed in the working chamber and having a pressure receiving surface, and a battery voltage A pulse discharge power source for converting the above to generate a high voltage pulse, and a discharge means for giving a driving force to the pressure receiving surface of the turbine rotor by generating plasma by arc discharge in the working medium by the high voltage pulse and expanding the plasma. It is also achieved by being configured to have. In that case, the vehicle body may be a vehicle body, a hull, or an aircraft body.

Further, the above object is provided with a vehicle main body having a propulsion device, a plasma engine for driving the propulsion device, and a battery for accumulating a part of the output of the engine, and the plasma engine provides a working medium containing discharge gas. A rotor housing having a working chamber having an enclosed arc-shaped portion, a discharge chamber communicating with the working chamber, and a segment portion defining the discharge chamber; and a rotor housing rotatably housed in the working chamber and having an outer periphery close to the segment portion of the housing. By generating a plasma in the working medium of the discharge chamber, which is arranged in the discharge chamber and responds to the high voltage pulse. And an electrode means for instantaneously expanding the working medium to provide a driving force to the turbine rotor. It is made.

[0007]

In the vehicle of the present invention, when a high voltage pulse is supplied to the main electrode means of the discharge chamber, plasma is generated in the working fluid of the discharge chamber and the working chamber by discharge, and the expansion pressure and Lorentz force of the working fluid cause the piston to move. Give driving force to.

[0008]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 illustrates a preferred embodiment vehicle 1 in accordance with the present invention. Here, vehicles are vehicles such as automobiles, trucks, buses, motorcycles, bicycles, trains, and tracked vehicles.
It means ships such as passenger ships, tankers, cargo ships, submarines, and aircraft such as helicopters, airplanes, rockets, shuttles, and flying vehicles. In FIG. 1, a vehicle 1 is shown as a block diagram of a vehicle, which is, for example, an automobile. The vehicle 1 includes a vehicle body 2, front wheels 2a, and rear wheels 2b.
And a propulsion device for propulsion. The vehicle 1 has a plasma engine 3 whose output shaft 3 a drives front wheels 2 a via an operating gear 4. A generator 5 is connected to the output shaft 3a, and a part of the output energy of the engine 3 is stored in the battery 6 to extend the life of the battery 6. The output voltage of the battery 6 is converted into a high voltage pulse by the pulse discharge power supply 7 and supplied to the engine 3, and the engine 3 is driven as described later. When the engine 3 is driven, the power of the output shaft 3a is transmitted to the front wheels 2a via the operating gear 4, and the vehicle body 2 is propelled. At this time, a part of the output energy of the engine 3 is accumulated in the battery 6,
Is reused to drive.

2 and 3 show schematic views of a first example of a plasma engine 3 used in the vehicle 1 of FIG. Engine 3
Is a housing 12 having a cylindrical working chamber 12a, and is rotatably housed concentrically in the working chamber 12a.
The rotary piston 14 is supported by 0a. The housing 12 includes a radiation source liner 12b made of tritium or polonium for promoting initial ionization of the discharge medium and increasing current density or ion density to further increase temperature and pressure of the discharge gas and increase engine efficiency. . When the current density or ion density of the discharge medium increases, the temperature and pressure at the time of discharge in the working chamber increase, and engine efficiency rises. Other methods may be used instead of the liner 12b. That is, the radiation source has a half-life of over 10 years and a radioactivity of 100Bq to 1000B.
You may comprise from the radiation source which radiate | emits only the beta ray which is q and whose energy is 0.7 MeV or less. This radiation source was prepared by immersing a ceramic or quartz ball of several millimeters in a Si-based alkoxide-alcohol solution, that is, a solution of sol-gel solution mixed with technesium 99 as a simple substance powder, and after pulling it up and drying, it was exposed to nitrogen at 600 ° C. When heated over time, the technesium 99 is evenly distributed on the spherical surface. Next, a sealed radiation source is obtained by immersing the sphere in a Si-based sol-gel solution which is not mixed with technesium 99 and heating it in a vacuum at 1000 ° C. for 1 hour.
If this sealed radiation source is embedded in a hole (not shown) formed in the side wall of the housing 12 so as not to interfere with the rotary piston 14, a stable instantaneous discharge characteristic can be obtained. This radiation source may be coated on the housing 12 and used as the liner 12b. In the structure of FIGS. 2 and 3, four discharge chambers 15a and 15b are formed in the recess of the side wall of the housing 12 adjacent to the working chamber 12a, and these discharge chambers 15a and 15b face each other in the axial direction and the working chamber 12a. Is in communication with. The housing 12 includes a cooling fin (not shown) and a water jacket (not shown).
The water jacket may be connected to an external cooling device to enhance the cooling effect of the housing 12. The rotary piston has a plurality of piston portions 14a that are close to or engage with the arcuate working chamber 12a. The main electrode means 16a and 16b are arranged so as to face the discharge chambers 15a and 15b on both sides of the working chamber 12a. The rotary piston 14 is arranged so as to be sandwiched between the main electrode means 16a and 16b. When the discharge chamber is formed in an annular shape, and an annular main electrode means is disposed in this and a high voltage and high current pulse is applied, a large rotary output similar to a rail gun is obtained. The discharge working medium 11 is sealed in the working chamber 12a after the evacuation is completed. As the working medium 11, a discharge gas composed of any one metal vapor of mercury vapor and sodium vapor and a starting gas is used. As a first example, the starting gas is made of xenon at 1 to 50 atm and helium at 0.066 to 2 atm, and the helium filling pressure with respect to the total filling pressure is preferably 50% or less. As a second example, the starting gas is composed of xenon at 1 to 50 atm and argon at 0.066 to 2 atm, and it is preferable that the filling pressure of argon with respect to the total filling pressure is 50% or less. According to the first and second examples, not only the starting voltage of the discharge gas can be lowered but also the discharge of the working fluid can be instantaneously performed at high speed and stably. In the third example, the discharge gas may include a radiation source such as α-rays, β-rays, γ-rays, and χ-rays or a radiation source made of krypton 85. The krypton (Kr) 85 causes the working fluid to be electronically excited by radiation to improve the starting characteristics and the instantaneous discharge characteristics and improve the engine efficiency. The amount of krypton 85 enclosed is 0.2 to 5 per 1 cm ^{3 of} working chamber volume in terms of safety.
A range of 0 microcurie is desirable. As a fourth example, the discharge gas is preferably a rare mixed gas of 36% helium, 26% neon, 17% argon, 13% krypton and 8% xenon in volume ratio in order to prevent an abnormal temperature rise during discharge. It may be sealed at 1 to 10 atm, preferably within 1 atm ± 5%. As a fifth example, the discharge gas is 40 to 60% by volume of argon,
It may be formed from 30 to 40% xenon, 6 to 8% neon, and other noble gases. As a sixth example, the discharge gas is composed of a predetermined amount of mercury, a rare gas, and a hydrogen gas. Since constant power control is performed to promote the expansion pressure due to evaporation of mercury, the discharge current decreases as the discharge voltage increases. At this time, the pulse discharge power supply can be downsized and the engine life is extended. The discharge voltage drastically rises until the amount of hydrogen to be enclosed is 5 × 10 ^{−4 in} terms of the mole ratio of mercury and rare gas enclosed, and even if the amount of hydrogen is further increased, the increase of the discharge voltage is slight. That is, the hydrogen gas, which has a hydrogen amount of 5 × 10 ⁻⁴ and the discharge voltage changes critically, may be directly enclosed in the working chamber together with the xenon gas. As a seventh example, the discharge gas may be formed of a mixture of deuterium or at least one selected from hydrogen gas and at least one rare gas selected from helium and neon. When helium or neon is mixed in this discharge gas, recombination occurs due to a three-body collision between two free hydrogen atoms or deuterium atoms and helium or neon atoms.
High efficiency can be obtained without decreasing the density of deuterium molecules. As the working medium, a carbon lattice structure having 60 to 200 carbon atoms in at least one gas selected from the above rare gases, preferably a mixture of C ₆₀ and C ₇₀ may be used. The ionization potential of C ₆₀ is 7.5 eV, and Xe
Since it is significantly lower than that of (12.1 eV), there is an advantage that the energy cost per pulse discharge is significantly reduced.

The anode means 16a and the cathode means 16b are made of thorium-containing tungsten for causing electronic excitation in the working medium and promoting ionization. As another example, the cathode means 16b is preferably selected from a powder of tungsten material, at least one alkaline earth oxide selected from barium oxide, strontium oxide, and calcium oxide, and zirconium oxide and scandium oxide. It may also be formed from a sintered electrode body of a mixture with a thermionic emission material containing at least one mixture. Zirconium oxide and scandium oxide increase the rate of increase in the electrical conductivity of the cathode means 16b when the temperature of the cathode means 16b becomes high. Therefore, the discharge is stable. When the cathode contains a tungsten material, the working fluid may further contain a small amount of an organic halide such as bromine, iodine or chlorine. This halogen is combined with the tungsten molecules adhering to the high temperature working chamber 12a to become tungsten halide which is easily evaporated. At this time, if the temperature of the working chamber 12a is high to some extent,
The tungsten halide evaporates from the working chamber and becomes a cathode 16.
It moves near b and decomposes into halogen and tungsten due to its high temperature. The tungsten molecules are attached to the cathode 16b to extend the life of the cathode 16b. As a second example, the cathode means 16b is a sintered electrode body obtained by mixing and firing a base metal powder made of nickel, for example, with an emitter made of a thermoelectron emitting substance of alkaline earth metal, for example, barium oxide, strontium oxide, or calcium oxide. You may comprise from. At this time, the mixing ratio of the emitter 10 to the base metal powder 100 is selected by weight ratio. This sintered electrode body is long and has a large amount of emitter content, and moreover, it is resistant to vibration and shock, and is therefore practical when an engine is adopted in an automobile, a ship, an aircraft, a bulldozer or the like.
As a third example, the cathode means 16b embeds a tantalum chip, which is a material with high ductility, in a hole processed into a ribbon-type hot cathode, so that the amount of missing surface is smaller than that of a brittle material such as tungsten against ion bombardment. A small electrode body is formed. Applying an electric current to the ribbon type hot cathode 2000 ~ 2
When a potential difference is applied in a fixed direction at the time when the temperature reaches 500 ° K, thermoelectrons are emitted from the tantalum cap in the direction of lower potential.

As shown in the principle diagram of FIG. 3, the main electrode means 16
a to 16b, 20 to 60 KV, several MHz to several + MH
z, preferably about 13 MHz high frequency current pulse of several μ
A pulse discharge power supply 18 for supplying in a short time of (micro) to several + μ seconds is connected. 40 per discharge
When three pulses of KV are supplied, sufficient plasma is generated by one discharge and a rotational force is generated by expansion of gas pressure.
A single discharge time may be as short as several microseconds, and the input energy may be very small. Therefore, the temperature of the working fluid does not rise abnormally. A starting electrode (not shown) may be connected to each of the cathodes 16b via a starting resistor.
The starting electrode causes a local discharge between the adjacent main electrode means 16b, and a large number of emitted electrons collide with atoms of argon or other inert gas enclosed as a starting gas to cause ionization, The conductivity in the working chamber 12a is improved, and the plasma is transferred by the main discharge between the main electrodes 16a and 16b.

Both the housing 12 and the rotary piston 14 are made of an insulating material such as ceramic or metal. When the housing 12 is made of metal such as aluminum, the insulating members 13a and 13b may be arranged between the electrode means 16a and 16b and the discharge chambers 15a and 15b of the housing 12. Piston part 14a is the leading surface 1
4aa and a trailing surface 14ab, and at least a trailing surface 14ab is formed with a conductive layer for shortening the discharge distance between the main electrode means 16a and 16b to facilitate generation of plasma by the main discharge. . The piston part may be made of a conductor such as aluminum.

In FIG. 3, when a high voltage pulse is supplied from the pulse discharge power source 18, a discharge is generated in the starting gas between the main electrodes 16a and 16b, and then mercury vapor is generated to generate a gap between the main electrodes. Plasma 26 is generated by the main discharge.
At this time, the discharge chambers 15a and 15b and the piston portion 14
The working fluid in the working chamber 12a partitioned by a rapidly expands to give a rightward rotational force to the piston portion. In addition, a rotational force is applied to the piston portion 14a by the electric current 28 flowing in the plasma 26 generated between the discharge chambers 15a and 15b and the working chamber 12a and the Lorentz force 32 by the magnetic field 30 accompanying the electric current 28. In this way, the piston portion 14a is simultaneously given the rotational force by the expansion pressure of the working fluid and the Lorentz force. The rotation speed of the rotary piston 14 is determined by the pulse frequency per rotation and the output current. In FIG. 2, the magnetic field 30 due to the current is generated inside the closed circuit, and the electromagnetic force caused thereby acts toward the outside of the closed circuit. In other words, the current path interacts with the magnetic field generated by itself and tries to expand outward (to the right in the figure) as much as possible. At this time, the piston portion 14a receives a clockwise rotational force with large kinetic energy by the main electrode means 16a, 16b of the plurality of discharge chambers 15a, 15b. When plasma is generated in a working fluid containing helium gas as a discharge gas, helium will be discharged to 100,000, for example.
At a temperature of 00 ° F (about 50,000,000 ° C), the pressure of the working fluid rapidly rises, but since it is an extremely short time of several microseconds, an abnormal rise in temperature is prevented. When the pulse discharge power supply is turned off, the pressure of the working fluid drops sharply. As described above, by turning ON / OFF the pulse discharge power supply, the pressure of the working fluid is periodically increased and the Lorentz force is applied to the rotary piston 14 to rotate it.

4 and 5 show a second example of the plasma engine 3 ', and parts similar to those of FIGS. 2 and 3 are designated by a single apostrophe ('). In the example of FIGS.
A rotary piston 14 'is rotatably arranged in the working chamber 12a of the cylindrical housing 12' of the plasma engine 3 '. In this embodiment, the discharge chamber is the working chamber 12
It is integrated with a '. The rotary piston 14 'has first and second rotor elements 14'-1, 14'-2 and a central partition disk 14'-3, and first and second rotor elements 14'-1, 14'-. Reference numeral 2 denotes a curved surface 14'-1a and a pressure receiving surface 14'- which are respectively curved in the rotational direction.
1b and curved surface 14'-2a and pressure receiving surface 14'-2b, and the 1st, 2nd rotor element 14'-1, 14 '
-2 is arranged so as to be 90 degrees out of phase with each other. The partition disk 14'-3 defines the working chamber 12a 'as the first,
A value having a role of partitioning into the second discharge chambers 12a'-1 and 12a'-2, and the outer shape of the partition disk 14'-3 having a clearance of 0.02 to 0.1 mm from the inner diameter of the working chamber 12a '. Is selected. In the first discharge chamber 12a'-1, an anode 16a'-1 and an anode 16a'-1 which are symmetrically arranged around the rotation axis are provided.
The cathode 16b′-1 arranged at a phase angle of 90 ° with respect to
Have and. Main electrode 16a 'of the second discharge chamber 12a'-2
-2 is preferably arranged at a position shifted by 45 ° from the main electrode 16a'-1. Electrode means 16a'-1,
16b'-1 and 16a'-2 are connected to a pulse discharge power supply.

4 and 5, the electrode means 16 is used.
When a high voltage pulse is supplied to a'-1 and 16b'-1, the discharge gas 11 'in the discharge chamber 12a'-1 is discharged to generate plasma, the working fluid expands rapidly, and the pressure receiving surface 1
A clockwise rotation force is applied to 4'-1b. Next, discharge chamber 1
When a high voltage pulse is supplied to the electrode means of 2a'-2,
The working fluid in the discharge chamber 12a'-2 expands and the pressure receiving surface 14 '
-2a is given a clockwise rotational force. Like this,
High voltage pulses are sequentially applied to the electrode means of the second electric chambers 12a'-1 and 12a'-2, and the rotary piston 14 'is smoothly rotated without a balancer. Discharge chamber 12
The electrode means of a'-1, 12a'-2 are simultaneously turned ON and OF
It may be F.

FIG. 6 shows a third example which is a modification of FIGS. 4 and 5, and parts similar to those of FIGS. 4 and 5 are designated by a double apostrophe ("). The engine 3" is placed in FIG.
The rotary piston 14 "has a first and second rotor elements 14" -1 and a partition disk 14 "similar to the structure of FIG.
-3 and each of the rotor elements has a spiral or fan shape. A movable shutter member 19 is arranged in each of the first working chamber 12a ″ -1 and the second working chamber (not shown) to form first and second discharge chambers.
The movable shutter member 19 is housed in the recess 12a "-3 of the housing 12" immediately before the maximum outer diameter portion 14 "-1a of the rotary piston 14" passes, and the maximum outer diameter portion 14 "-1a of the rotary piston 14" is stored. Immediately after passing through the movable shutter member 19, the shutter member 19 is brought to the position shown in FIG. Partition disk 1
The rotor element is arranged on the opposite side of 4 "-3 so as to be 180 degrees out of phase with the rotor element 14" -1. Further, the movable shutter member of the second working chamber is also arranged in the first working chamber 12a "-1. The shutter member 19 is arranged symmetrically with the shutter member 19.

In the structure of FIG. 6, the electrode means 16a "-
When a high-voltage pulse is supplied to 1, 16b ″ -1, plasma is generated in the working fluid between the pressure receiving surface 14 ″ -1b and the shutter member 19 to expand, and the pressure is increased.
The rotary piston 14 ″ receives a counterclockwise rotational force acting on 1 b. At this time, a rotor element (not shown) also having a pressure receiving surface on the opposite side of the partition disk 14 ″ -3.
And a movable shutter member (not shown) are arranged, and the electrode means is arranged at the position of the movable shutter member.
The first and second rotor elements simultaneously receive rotational force.
Therefore, smooth rotation of the rotary piston 14 ″ can be obtained without providing a balancer. In FIG. 6, the rotor element is shown as having one pressure receiving surface, but as shown in FIGS. A plurality of pressure receiving surfaces of the element may be provided, in which case a plurality of shutter members are arranged in the first and second working chambers so as to correspond to the pressure receiving surfaces. It is provided.

7 and 8 show a plasma engine 40 of a fourth example.
Indicates. The plasma engine 40 includes a housing 42 having an arcuate working chamber 42a in which a discharge gas is sealed, and an eccentric rotary piston 44 rotatably housed in the working chamber 42a. The discharge gas may be composed of a metal vapor composed of mercury vapor or sodium vapor and argon or a neon-argon mixed gas. The rotary piston 44 is a rotor 44a supported by an output shaft 44b.
Have. The rotor 44a has a plurality of radially extending radial portions 44c and a movable member 44d that is slidably disposed in each of the radial portions 44c and that is a vane that engages with the arcuate working chamber 42a. The radial portion 44c is provided with a conductive layer 44c 'for facilitating generation of plasma due to discharge between the main electrodes, and each has a pressure receiving surface. A spring member may be arranged in the radial portion 44c to press the movable member 44d in the radial direction.
The working chamber 42a includes a plurality of variable capacity segment chambers 42a-
1 to 42a-6, one of which is a segment chamber 4
2a-2 functions as a discharge chamber. In the discharge chamber 42a-2, main electrode means 48a, 48b made of thorium-containing tungsten for periodically generating plasma in the working fluid by discharge are arranged. The anode 48 a is provided on the side wall of the housing 42. The cathode 48b may be fixed in the arc-shaped groove 42b of the side wall of the housing 42 with a ceramic encapsulant, and the surface thereof may be coated with thermionic emission material. The cathode 48b may be composed of a sintered electrode body made of tungsten powder and thermionic emission material. Cathode 4
8b is connected to a high frequency pulse discharge power supply (not shown) via a conductor 48b '. A spare cathode 50 made of a tungsten coil is further arranged in the expansion chamber 42a-2, and the lead wire 5 is provided when the life of the main cathode 48b is exhausted.
Since it is connected to the high frequency pulse discharge power supply through 0 ',
The life of the engine can be extended. The spare cathode 50 is the main cathode 4.
It may be formed in an arc shape like 8b. A working fluid consisting of a discharge gas is sealed in each of the segment chambers at the pressure described above.
When 4 rotates clockwise by about 30 °, plasma is generated by the discharge of the working fluid in the segment chamber 42a-1, and a rotational force is applied to the plurality of movable members 44d.

In the configuration of FIG. 7, adjacent vanes 44
A high voltage pulse is supplied to the main electrodes 48a and 48b every time the space surrounded by d reaches the main electrodes 48a and 48b, and the rotary piston 44 receives the driving force six times during one rotation.
At this time, when the cathode 48b is overheated, a lot of thermoelectrons are emitted from the electrode. There is a uniform electric field between the main electrodes, which accelerates and moves the thermoelectrons, and the expansion chamber 46
Collide with mercury and argon gas atoms inside. Due to this collision, electrons are ejected from the gas atom and ionization occurs, the number of electrons further increases, and plasma due to discharge is generated.
At this time, the mercury vapor and gas pressures in the discharge chamber 46 increase, and the vane 44d is given a rotational force in the clockwise direction. The Lorentz force acts on the vane 44d by the magnetic flux generated by the current flowing in the plasma generated between the main electrodes 48a and 48b, and the rotational force increases. The electrode means 48a, 48b and the preliminary electrode 50 may be arranged not on the side surface of the housing but on the outer circumference. The vane member may be replaced with a roller member.

9 and 10 show the fifth plasma engine 60.
Here is an example: The plasma engine 60 is a Wankel type rotary engine. The rotary engine is eccentrically rotated while engaging with a housing 62 made of an insulating material such as ceramic having an elliptical trochoid curve working chamber 62a in which a working fluid is enclosed and having a slightly narrow central portion, and engaging with the working chamber 62a. And a triangular piston 64 having a bulge on each side. The housing 62 may be provided with a water jacket (not shown), and this water jacket may be connected to a cooling means of each part to improve cooling efficiency. Discharge chambers 72 and 72 'are formed in the housing 62 near the top dead center TDC of the working chamber. In the discharge chamber 72, a pair of primary side leading main electrode means 65 and 67 made of thorium-containing tungsten and thorium-containing tungsten are provided. A pair of primary side trailing main electrode means 66, 68
Are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side in the rotation direction of the top dead center TDC. The main electrodes 65 and 66 each constitute an anode,
On the other hand, the main electrodes 67 and 68 form a cathode. 9 and 10
Although not shown in the figure, the secondary leading and secondary trailing main electrode means are disposed in the housing 62 at positions symmetrical to the axis of rotation. The electrode means 65, 66, 67, 68 are lead wires 65a, 6 respectively.
It is connected to a pulse discharge power source (not shown) via 6a, 67a and 68a. The cathodes 67 and 68 may be composed of a sintered electrode body made of a base metal powder such as nickel and a thermionic emission material. Further, the cathodes 67 and 68 may be composed of a thorium-containing tungsten rod and a starting electrode adjacent thereto. The rotary piston 64 has a known peritrochoid envelope shape, and
It is provided with a and an apex seal 64b, and performs an eccentric rotational movement. The conductive layer 64a 'is provided in the rotary recess 64a.
Is formed to facilitate the discharge between the main electrodes 66 and 68. The discharge chamber 72 of the rotary piston 64 has the minimum volume at the top dead center. The working fluid in the working chamber 62a may be composed of mercury or sodium vapor at 1 atm ± 5% and argon or a neon-argon mixed gas.
Krypton, helium or quinocene or a trace amount of hydrogen or deuterium may be mixed in these working fluids.

11 to 16 are diagrams showing the operation of the rotary engine of FIGS. FIG. 11 shows side A
The state where the center of B has come near the primary side main electrode means 65, 67, 66, 68, and at this time, these electrode means are turned on
Therefore, the working fluid in the discharge chamber 72 expands, the pressure and the Lorentz force act on the side AB, and the rotary force is applied to the rotary piston 64 in the clockwise direction. In FIG.
The side AC is the secondary side main electrode means 65 ', 67', 66 ', 6
When it comes to the vicinity of 8 ', these electrode means are turned on. At this time, the working fluid in the discharge chamber 72 ′ expands, and the pressure and Lorentz force act on the side AC to give a rotary force in the clockwise direction to the rotary piston 64. In FIG. 13, side BC
Is near the primary side electrode means 65, 67, 66, 68, the primary side electrode means is turned on, and the rotational force is applied to the side BC as described above. As shown in FIGS.
Sides AB, AC and BC are secondary side electrode means, 1 respectively
When it comes close to the secondary electrode means and the secondary electrode means, these electrode means are alternately turned on, and a rotational force is sequentially applied to each of these sides. Thus, the primary and secondary side main electrode means 65, 67, 66, 68 and 65 ', 67', 66 ', at the primary and secondary top dead centers TDC, TDC' of the housing 62, respectively. 68 ', and these 1
When each side of the rotary piston 64 reaches the top dead center of the secondary side and the secondary side, the primary side and the secondary side main electrode means are alternately turned on.
The rotation force of 6 times is given in one rotation of 4. As a result,
Since the rotary piston does not fluctuate in inertial force, smooth rotation can be obtained, vibration does not occur, and the maximum rotation speed becomes considerably large.

17 to 19 show a plasma engine 80 of a sixth example. The plasma engine 80 may include a housing 82 having an arcuate working chamber 82a in which the working fluid 81 is enclosed and a rotary piston 84 concentrically rotatably housed in the working chamber 82a. The housing 82 includes a water jacket (not shown). The rotary piston 84 includes a rotor 84a and a pair of piston portions 84b extending in the radial direction and engaged with or adjacent to the circular working chamber 82a. In the working chamber 82a, a bifurcated movable shutter member 86 that periodically moves into and out of the working chamber 82a through a guide groove 82b formed in a side wall of the housing 82 to form a discharge chamber 85 is arranged. The movable shutter member 86 has an outer edge 86a that approaches or engages the arcuate working chamber 82a and an inner edge 86b that approaches or engages the rotor 84a.

As shown in FIG. 18, the movable shutter member 86 has a boss portion 86c slidable on the output shaft 88 in the axial direction.
And can be driven by the shutter drive means 87.
The shutter driving means 87 has a cam pin 86d provided on the boss portion 86c. The driving means 87 further includes the output shaft 8
8 has a predetermined shape of cam groove 88a, and the cam pin 86d is engaged with the cam groove 88a. As the output shaft 88 rotates, the shutter member 86 reciprocates in the axial direction as described later. A shutter cover 92 is connected to the housing 82, and after evacuation, an inert gas such as argon is enclosed in the housing to prevent the inert gas from leaking to the outside. A spring member 90 is installed between the cover 92 and the shutter member 86 and presses the shutter member 86 in the axial direction.

The housing 82 is provided with an anode 94 and a cathode 96 each made of thorium-containing tungsten so as to sandwich the discharge chamber 85. The anode 94 and the cathode 96 are connected to a high frequency pulse discharge power supply (not shown). Main electrode 9
The housings 4 and 96 may be formed not at the side wall of the housing but at the outer peripheral portion of the housing so as not to interfere with the piston portion 84b. When the rotary piston is made of an insulating material, the conductive layer 84 on the discharge chamber side of the piston portion 84b
b'can be coated to facilitate discharge at the top dead center of the rotary piston.

FIG. 19 is a diagram showing the timing (shutter opening / closing timing) of the shutter section 86 of FIG. In FIG. 19, the shutter member 86 is completely closed, and the piston 84b is at the top dead center (= TDC).
Is located in. At this time, a high voltage pulse is supplied to the electrode means, discharge is generated in the working fluid in the discharge chamber 85, plasma is generated, the pressure in the discharge chamber 85 rises, and the rotary piston 84 rotates clockwise. Piston part 84b
The shutter member 86 starts to open when is moved from the top dead center to the rotation angle of 55 °, and is completely opened up to the rotation angle of 105 °. Therefore, after the piston portion 86b passes through the shutter member 86, the shutter member 86 is instantly closed during the phase shift of 10 °. While the piston portion 86b is further moved by 20 °, the atmospheric pressure of the discharge chamber 85 is lower than that of the other working chamber 82a, and the discharge is likely to occur. At this time, a high-voltage pulse is supplied to the electrode means, and the working fluid in the discharge chamber 85 expands due to the plasma generated by the discharge, giving a rotary force to the rotary piston 84. As described above, the rotary piston 84 is affected by the expansion pressure and the Lorentz force twice during one rotation. Output shaft 8 of FIG.
The cam groove 88a of No. 8 is processed into a shape that drives the shutter portion 86 at the timing shown in FIG. Shutter member 86
The driving means may use another link mechanism to change the rotation into a linear movement.

20 and 21 show a plasma engine 97 of a seventh embodiment according to the present invention. The plasma engine 97 has a rotor housing 98 having an operating chamber 98a having an arcuate portion and an arcuate discharge chamber 98b communicating with the operating chamber 98a, and is rotatably disposed in the operating chamber 98a and supported by the output shaft 99. A turbine assembly including a rotary piston 100 including a turbine rotor. The rotor housing 98 is the rotary piston 10.
A segment portion 98c which is close to the outer periphery of 0 and constitutes a low pressure portion or a gas contraction portion is provided, and the discharge chamber 98b is partitioned by the segment portion 98c. In a modification, the discharge chamber 98b adjacent to the segment 98c is taken.
May be connected to form a ring. Although the housing 98 is shown as one piece in the figure, it may be composed of a side housing and a center housing by sintered metal, casting, aluminum die casting or machining. The rotary piston 100 has a plurality of turbine blades 100a having cavities formed at regular intervals in the outer circumferential direction so as to incline at an acute angle of about 45 ° with respect to the tangent line L.
Have. As described above, each of the turbine blades 100a has a pressure receiving surface having a predetermined angle with respect to a radial line passing through the rotation axis of the rotary piston. The rotary piston 100 is formed by sintered metal, aluminum die casting, or machining. Rotary piston 100
A side seal 101 is arranged between the housing and the housing 98. The discharge chamber 98b has a larger diameter than the working chamber 98a and functions as an expansion chamber. Furthermore, the discharge chamber 98b
An anode 102 and a cathode 103 are arranged on the side wall of the housing so as to have a predetermined gap from the end of the rotary piston 100b at both ends in the axial direction. Code 10
Reference numerals 4 and 105 denote insulating agents such as ceramic sealing materials. The housing 98 is an annular recess 100c of the rotary piston.
The output shaft 99 is rotatably supported by the bearings 106 and 107 of the boss 98d. With this configuration, the engine 97 has a thin and extremely compact structure. The working medium 98 described in the first embodiment is provided in the working chamber 98a and the discharge chamber 98b.
8 is preferably sealed at 1 atm ± 5%. The electrode means 102, 103 may be made of thorium-containing tungsten or a heat-resistant material and a thermionic emission material.

The plurality of pairs of electrode means 102 and 103 are connected to a high voltage pulse discharge power source (not shown), and periodically supplied with a high voltage pulse of 20 to 40 KV for several μ to several + μ seconds. At that time, a local discharge occurs between the electrode means 102, 103 and the side wall 100b of the turbine rotor 100, and then a plasma is generated by the main discharge between the electrodes 102, 103. As a result, the working medium 108 in the discharge chamber 98b partitioned by the segment portion 98c expands rapidly, and the expansion pressure acts on the cavity of the turbine rotor 100 and the blade 100a as indicated by the arrow in FIG. Driving force is applied to the turbine rotor 100. The working medium 108 flowing into the cavity is connected to the electrode means 102, 1
When it comes off from 03 and comes near the segment part 98c of the housing, the working medium contracts. Since the volumes of the spaces of the discharge chamber 98b and the working chamber 98a do not increase even if the turbine rotor 100 rotates, the pressures of the discharge chamber and the working chamber do not decrease much even when the turbine rotor rotates, and the turbine rotor 100 always has a large pressure. A large output can be obtained due to the pressing force. The working medium 108 is repeatedly expanded and contracted periodically. The discharge chamber 108 is composed of first and second arc-shaped expansion chambers and extends over most of the outer circumference of the turbine rotor 100. Therefore, when the working medium 108 in the discharge chamber 98b is expanded by plasma, Since a strong driving force is applied from the first and second expansion chambers, a large torque can be obtained. According to the method described in the above embodiment, the turbine rotor is constituted by the first and second rotor elements and the intermediate partition plate, the angles of the first and second turbine blades are arranged in the opposite directions, and the partition plate is defined. By arranging the electrode means in each of the first and second discharge chambers, a reversible engine can be obtained.

FIG. 22 shows a vehicle driven by a plasma engine using a working fluid consisting of a discharge gas containing a radiation source according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 20, the plasma engine 110 is made of an insulating material such as ceramics, has a water jacket (not shown), and has a housing 112 made of a cylindrical cylinder, a piston 114, and a cylinder 114. And a cylinder head 116 made of an insulating material made of a boronite material to form a cylindrical working chamber 115. Cylinder 112
Has a discharge part 118 having a discharge chamber 118a and a piston movable part 120. In the cylinder 112, the discharge part 118 is an electrode means 122 made of a cylindrical anode made of thorium-containing tungsten and arranged so as to surround the working chamber 115, and a thorium-containing electrode coaxially supported by the cylinder head 116. And electrode means 124 made of a cylindrical cathode made of tungsten. Electrode 1
22 and 124 are connected to a pulse discharge power supply 125, and a high voltage pulse is intermittently supplied by a switch means 127. As another example, the cathode 124 may be made of a tungsten material, and the surface thereof may be coated with a thermoelectron emitting material made of an oxide mainly containing at least one of thorium, barium strontium and calcium.

The working chamber 115 is filled with one working metal vapor of mercury vapor and sodium vapor, an inert gas of argon or a neon-argon mixed gas, and a radiation source of krypton 85 after the evacuation is completed. .
The metal vapor facilitates the generation of main discharge, and the inert gas consisting of a rare gas acts as a starting gas. When krypton 85 is mixed into these working fluids, the starting voltage is lowered and stable instantaneous discharge of plasma is enabled.

The pulse discharge power source 125 is preferably configured to supply a high voltage pulse of 20 to 40 KV in a short time of several microseconds. Since the pressure of the working fluid is sufficiently increased by one main discharge, the discharge time can be short and the input energy can be very small. Therefore, the temperature of the working fluid does not rise abnormally.

Returning to FIG. 22, an annular trigger electrode 116a extending in the radial direction is provided inside the cylinder head 116 to facilitate discharge between both electrodes. Trigger electrode 1
The gap between 16a and either the anode 122 or the cathode 124 is set to 0.1 to 2 mm to facilitate discharge. The cylindrical cathode 124 is made of a conductive pipe. The cylinder head 116 has a filling pipe 128 for enclosing an inert gas, and the filling tube 128 is provided with a valve 130, and at a predetermined atmospheric pressure (preferably 1 atmospheric pressure ± 5%) after exhaust evacuation. A working fluid composed of a mixture of metal vapor and an inert gas is filled in the working chamber 115.

The piston 114 is made of a conductive material such as aluminum. At the top dead center of the piston 114, the upper surface of the piston is close to the anode 122 and the cathode 124 so that the main discharge between both electrodes is easy to occur. Acts as a trigger electrode. When the piston 114 is made of ceramic, a trigger electrode may be formed on the upper surface thereof.

In the above structure, when the switch means 127 is closed, a high voltage pulse is supplied to the electrode means 122 and 124. At this time, a main discharge occurs and a current A flows radially as shown by arrow A, and the piston 114 is driven by the electromagnetic force B generated at this time. Electrode means 1
Since the main discharge generated between 22 and 124 expands the inert gas, this pressure is applied to the piston to accelerate it. The metal vapor in the discharge chamber 118a expands due to the main discharge to increase the pressure and increase the driving force of the piston 114.

FIG. 23 shows a modification of the engine shown in FIG. In the modification of FIG. 23, the main electrode means is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder 112 so as to surround the working chamber, and includes semicircular main electrodes 132 and 134 which are separated from each other. A starting electrode 136 is disposed adjacent to the main electrode 134. Starting electrode 136
Has a role of causing glow discharge with the main electrode 134 and facilitating the main discharge. The main electrode 134 is composed of a tungsten electrode, and the inside of the tungsten electrode may be coated with the above-mentioned thermionic emission material.

FIG. 24 shows that the vehicle according to the second embodiment of the present invention comprises a ship. The same parts as those in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals, and the other parts have a single apostrophe ('). It is attached. The ship 1'includes a hull 2 ', and the hull 2'has a propeller 2a' consisting of a propeller. The propulsion device 2 a ′ is connected to the output shaft 3 a of the plasma engine 3 via the speed reducer 8 and is driven by the power of the engine 3. Since a part of the output of the engine 3 is stored in the battery 6, the life of the battery 6 is extended. The plasma engine 3 does not emit pollution and does not generate a foul odor such as oil, so that a clean and comfortable ship can be provided. Moreover, since the engine has a structure with neither intake air nor exhaust gas, a submarine that uses this does not emit engine noise to the outside and its presence is not caught from outside.

FIG. 25 shows that the vehicle according to the third embodiment of the present invention comprises an aircraft. The same parts as those in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals, and the other parts are designated by a double apostrophe ("). The aircraft 1 "is equipped with a fuselage 2", which is propelled by a propeller propeller 2a ". The engine 3 is lightweight and does not generate noise, and it is necessary to provide a fuel tank on the main wing. And a comfortable and safe aircraft is provided.

In the above embodiments, the discharge chamber has been described as being formed in the working chamber, but the common discharge chamber is independent of the working chamber, and the expansion pressure of the discharge chamber is transmitted to the working chamber. You may.

[0038]

According to the present invention, the working fluid consisting of the discharge gas is sealed in the working chamber in the closed housing at 1 atm ± 5% after the evacuation of the vacuum, and the piston is arranged in the working fluid to provide the electrode means provided in the discharge chamber. A high-voltage pulse is supplied to the vehicle to generate a plasma due to discharge in the working fluid, and the vehicle is propelled by a plasma engine configured to apply a driving force to the piston by the expansion pressure and Lorentz force generated at this time. It is possible to provide earth-friendly vehicles that do not require energy of a kind. In particular, a vehicle consisting of a rotary engine is small in size and can provide high output, its structure is simple, the number of parts is small, it is lightweight, and there is little noise.
Since multiple torques are generated for each rotation, the working fluid can be used permanently, so once the working fluid is contained in the housing, the engine can be driven for a long time without supplying any additional fuel from the outside. Therefore, the vehicle can be operated for a long time. Furthermore, by providing a spare electrode means in the electrode means, the life of the engine can be increased from 20,000 to
It can be operated for a long time for 40,000 hours. Since there is no pollution such as exhaust gas from the engine, it is possible to completely prevent the destruction of the global environment and it is extremely effective in practical use. In addition, according to the vehicle of the present invention, it is not necessary to use a large amount of fuel for space equipment such as rockets and shuttles, and the industrial and economic effects are great.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a vehicle according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first example of a plasma engine used in the vehicle of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a principle diagram of the structure of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second example of the plasma engine used in the vehicle of the first embodiment.

5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the engine of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a third example which is a modification of FIGS.

FIG. 7 is a schematic sectional view of a fourth example of the plasma engine.

FIG. 8 is another schematic cross-sectional view of FIG.

FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional view of a sixth example of the plasma engine.

FIG. 10 is a schematic plan view of FIG.

11 is a diagram showing a second positional relationship between the main electrode means and the rotary piston in the engine having the structure of FIG.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a third positional relationship between the main electrode means and the rotary piston in the engine having the structure of FIG.

13 is a diagram showing a fourth positional relationship between the main electrode means and the rotary piston in the engine having the structure of FIG.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a fifth positional relationship between the main electrode means and the rotary piston in the engine having the structure shown in FIG.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a sixth positional relationship between the main electrode means and the rotary piston in the engine having the structure shown in FIG.

16 is a diagram showing a seventh positional relationship between the main electrode means and the rotary piston in the engine having the structure of FIG. 9. FIG.

FIG. 17 is a schematic view of a plasma engine of a fifth example.

FIG. 18 is a schematic sectional view of FIG.

FIG. 19 is a diagram showing the timing of the shutter member and the rotary piston of FIG.

FIG. 20 is a partial sectional view of a plasma engine of a sixth example.

FIG. 21 is a sectional view taken along line 21-21 of FIG.

FIG. 22 is a schematic view of a plasma engine of a seventh example.

FIG. 23 shows a modification of the engine of FIG.

FIG. 24 shows a block diagram of a ship according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 25 shows a block diagram of an aircraft according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Vehicle 1'Vessel 1 "Aircraft 2 Body 2'Hull 2" Aircraft 3 Plasma engine driven vehicle 4 Differential gear 5 Generator 6 Battery 7 Pulse discharge power supply 8 Reducer 12, 12 ', 12 "Housing 12a, 12a', 12a "working chamber 14 rotary piston 16a, 16b, main electrode means 16a'-1, 16a'-2, 16b'-1, 16b '
-2 main electrode means 18 pulse discharge power supply 24 starting resistance 42 housing 42a working chamber 44 rotary piston 46 expansion chambers 48a, 48b main electrode means 50 preliminary electrode means 62 casing 62a working chamber 64 rotary piston 66, 68 electrode means 72 expansion chamber 82 Casing 82a Working chamber 84 Rotary piston 86 Shutter member 87 Shutter drive means 88 Output shaft 98 Housing 98a Working chamber 98b Discharge chamber 99 Output shaft 100 Turbine rotor 102 Anode 108 Working medium 112 Cylinder 114 Piston 122 Cylindrical electrode 124 Cylindrical electrode 125 Pulsed discharge power supply 132, 136 semicircular electrodes

Claims (39)

[Claims] 1. A circle provided with a vehicle body having a propulsion device, a plasma engine for driving the propulsion device, and a battery for accumulating a part of the output of the engine, the plasma engine enclosing a working medium made of a discharge gas. A housing having a working chamber with an arcuate portion, a discharge chamber communicating with the working chamber, a rotary piston rotatably housed in the working chamber and having a pressure receiving surface, and a high voltage pulse generated by converting the battery voltage. Vehicle driven by a plasma engine, which includes a pulse discharge power supply for generating a discharge voltage and a discharge means for applying a driving force to the pressure receiving surface of the rotary piston by causing arc discharge in the working medium by a high voltage pulse from the pulse discharge power supply in the discharge chamber to expand the working medium. . 2. The plasma engine driven vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the rotary piston is concentrically arranged in the working chamber. 3. The plasma engine driven vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the rotary piston is eccentrically arranged in the working chamber. 4. The vehicle for driving a plasma engine according to claim 1, wherein the working medium contains a discharge gas including at least one rare gas selected from helium, argon, neon, xenon, and krypton. 5. The vehicle according to claim 4, wherein the discharge gas is a mixture of at least one gas selected from deuterium and hydrogen gas and at least one gas selected from rare gases. 6. The method according to claim 4, wherein the rare gas is xenon at 1 to 50 atm and helium or argon at 0.066 to 2 atm, and the helium or argon inclusion pressure is 50% or less of the total inclusion pressure. Plasma engine driven vehicle. 7. The plasma engine driven vehicle according to claim 4, wherein the discharge gas contains a metal vapor of any one of mercury vapor and sodium vapor. 8. The plasma engine driven vehicle of claim 1, wherein the working medium comprises a carbon lattice structure having 60 to 200 carbon atoms. 9. The plasma engine driven vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the working chamber includes a radiation source for instantaneously discharging a working medium by causing electronic excitation by radiation. 10. The plasma engine driven vehicle according to claim 9, wherein the radiation source is krypton (Kr) 85 of 0.2 to 50 microcurie per cm ^{3 of the} working chamber. 11. The radiation source according to claim 9, wherein the radiation source has a half-life of more than 10 years and a radioactivity of 100 Bq to 1000 Bq.
And a vehicle driven by a plasma engine consisting of β-ray nuclides that emit only β-rays with an energy of 0.7 MeV or less. 12. The plasma engine driven vehicle of claim 9, wherein the housing comprises a liner, the liner comprising a radiation source. 13. A vehicle driven by a plasma engine according to claim 1, wherein the discharging means comprises a cathode and an anode including a sintered electrode body formed by mixing a base metal powder with an alkaline earth metal-based thermionic emission material. 14. The plasma engine driven vehicle of claim 1, wherein the discharge means includes electrode means comprising thorium-containing tungsten. 15. The plasma engine driven vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the discharge means has a cathode and an anode made of at least one refractory metal selected from tungsten, molybdenum, and chrome, and a thermionic emission material. 16. The plasma engine driven vehicle of claim 15 further comprising auxiliary electrode means. 17. The plasma engine driven vehicle of claim 15, further comprising a starting electrode for causing a local discharge. 18. The plasma of a working medium according to claim 2, wherein the discharge chamber is formed in a concave portion of a side wall of the housing adjacent to the working chamber, and the discharging means includes a plurality of main electrodes arranged in the discharge chamber. A vehicle driven by a plasma engine, in which the rotary piston receives a rotational force due to the expansion pressure of the working medium and the Lorentz force when the engine is activated. 19. The plasma engine driven vehicle of claim 2, wherein the rotary piston comprises at least one rotor element, the rotor element having at least one pressure receiving surface. 20. The rotor element according to claim 2, wherein the rotor element has a plurality of pressure receiving surfaces, and the discharge means is disposed at a predetermined position of the housing, and the working medium in the discharge chamber is plasma-expanded by discharge to generate a plurality of discharge fluid. A plasma engine driven vehicle that provides driving force to the pressure receiving surface. 21. The working chamber of claim 2, wherein the working chamber comprises a cylindrical working chamber, and rotary pistons are formed between the first and second rotor elements arranged at predetermined phase angles with each other and between these rotor elements. A vehicle driven by a plasma engine in which the working chamber is divided into a first discharge chamber and a second discharge chamber by the partition disc, and the main electrode means is arranged in each of the first and second discharge chambers. 22. The vehicle driven by a plasma engine according to claim 2, wherein the housing includes a shutter member which comes close to the pressure receiving surface of the rotary piston and periodically enters and leaves the working chamber, and the discharge chamber is partitioned by the shutter member. 23. The first structure according to claim 22, wherein each of the rotary pistons has at least one pressure receiving surface.
A vehicle driven by a plasma engine, comprising a second rotor element and an intermediate partition plate, and a working chamber partitioned by the partition plate into first and second discharge chambers. 24. The plasma engine driven vehicle according to claim 3, wherein the rotary piston has a movable member that engages with the working chamber. 25. The plasma engine driven vehicle according to claim 24, wherein the working chamber has a plurality of variable-capacity segment chambers, and the discharge chamber is formed in a relatively small-capacity segment chamber. 26. The plasma engine driven vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the rotary piston has a conductive portion for shortening the discharge distance between the main electrode means to facilitate discharge by the main electrode means. 27. The plasma engine driven vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the working chamber and the discharge chamber are integrated. 28. The plasma engine driven vehicle of claim 27, wherein the working chamber has a trochoidal curve including primary and secondary top dead centers and the rotary piston has a peritrochoid inner envelope. 29. The primary side main electrode and the secondary side main electrode according to claim 28, wherein the discharge chamber is formed at the primary side and the secondary side top dead center in the working chamber, and the discharge means is provided in the discharge chamber. It consists of electrodes, and each side of the rotary piston is 1
A plasma engine-driven vehicle in which the primary and secondary main electrodes are alternately turned on when the secondary and secondary top dead centers are reached. 30. The rotary piston according to claim 2, wherein the rotary piston has at least one piston portion extending in the radial direction, and further, the movable shutter member that periodically enters and leaves the working chamber, and the movable shutter member is periodically driven. A plasma engine driven vehicle having a drive means. 31. The plasma engine driven vehicle according to claim 30, wherein a discharge chamber is formed between the shutter member and the piston portion, and the discharge means is disposed in the housing facing the discharge chamber. 32. The plasma engine driven vehicle of claim 1, wherein the housing comprises a rotor housing and the rotary piston comprises a turbine rotor having a plurality of blades. 33. The rotor housing according to claim 32, wherein the rotor housing has a segment portion that is close to the outer periphery of the turbine rotor and forms a low pressure portion, the discharge chamber acts as a booster portion, and the working medium in the discharge chamber expands. A vehicle driven by a plasma engine that applies a driving force to the blades of the turbine rotor by directing the working medium from the boosting section to the low pressure section. 34. A vehicle body having a propulsion device, a plasma engine for driving the propulsion device, and a battery for accumulating a part of the output of the engine, wherein the plasma engine encloses a working medium containing discharge gas. A rotor housing having a working chamber having an arcuate portion and a discharge chamber communicating with the working chamber and acting as an expansion chamber; a turbine rotor rotatably housed in the working chamber and having a plurality of pressure receiving surfaces; and a battery A pulse discharge power supply for converting a voltage to generate a high voltage pulse; and a discharge means for applying a driving force to a pressure receiving surface of a turbine rotor by generating plasma by arc discharge in a working medium by the high voltage pulse and expanding the plasma. Plasma engine driven vehicle consisting of. 35. A working fluid comprising a vehicle body having a propulsion device, a plasma engine for driving the propulsion device, and a battery for accumulating a part of the output of the engine, the plasma engine being a discharge gas containing an inert gas. A housing having a working chamber having an arcuate portion enclosing the discharge chamber and a discharge chamber communicating with the working chamber, a rotary piston rotatably housed in the working chamber, and discharging the working fluid disposed in the discharge chamber. Equipped with a main electrode means for powering the rotary piston by expansion and a pulse discharge power supply for converting the voltage of the battery and supplying a high voltage pulse to the main electrode means, and the working chamber discharges electronic excitation by radiation A plasma engine driven vehicle including a radiation source for causing a working gas to perform. 36. A vehicle body having a propulsion device, a plasma engine for driving the propulsion device, and a battery for accumulating a part of the output of the engine, the plasma engine enclosing a working fluid consisting of mercury vapor and an inert gas. A housing having a working chamber having an arcuate portion and a discharge chamber communicating with the working chamber, a rotary piston rotatably housed in the working chamber, and plasma generated by discharge in the working fluid disposed in the discharge chamber. A plasma engine driven vehicle comprising a main electrode means for generating a driving force to a rotary piston when generated and a pulse discharge power supply for converting a voltage of a battery to supply a high voltage pulse to the main electrode means. 37. A working fluid comprising: a hull having a propulsion device; a plasma engine for driving the propulsion device; and a battery for accumulating a part of the output of the engine, the plasma engine being a discharge gas containing an inert gas. A housing having a working chamber having an arcuate portion enclosing the discharge chamber, a discharge chamber, a rotary piston rotatably housed in the working chamber, and plasma generated by discharge in the working fluid disposed in the discharge chamber A vehicle driven by a plasma engine, which comprises main electrode means for powering the rotary piston by means of the above, and a pulse discharge power source for converting the voltage of the battery and supplying high voltage pulses to the main electrode means. 38. An aircraft fuselage having a propulsion device, a plasma engine for driving the propulsion device, and a battery for accumulating a part of the output of the engine, wherein the plasma engine is composed of a discharge gas containing an inert gas. A housing having a working chamber having an arc-shaped portion enclosing a fluid and a discharge chamber communicating with the working chamber, a rotary piston rotatably accommodated in the working chamber, and a discharge in the working fluid disposed in the discharge chamber A vehicle driven by a plasma engine, which comprises a main electrode means for giving a driving force to a rotary piston by generating plasma by the above, and a pulse discharge power source for converting a voltage of a battery to supply a high voltage pulse to the main electrode means. 39. A vehicle body having a propulsion device, a plasma engine for driving the propulsion device, and a battery for accumulating a part of the output of the engine, wherein the plasma engine encloses a working medium containing a discharge gas. A rotor housing having a working chamber having an arcuate portion, a discharge chamber communicating with the working chamber, and a segment portion partitioning the discharge chamber; and a rotor housing rotatably housed in the working chamber and having an outer periphery close to the segment portion of the housing. A turbine rotor, a pulse discharge power supply that converts a battery voltage to generate a high voltage pulse, and a working medium that is disposed in the discharge chamber and generates plasma in the working medium in the discharge chamber in response to the high voltage pulse A plasma engine driven vehicle comprising: electrode means for instantly expanding and applying a driving force to a turbine rotor.